Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-02-02DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2282772
Dana Jalobeanu
The instrumental character of Francis Bacon's natural and experimental histories was often noted, but never fully investigated. In this paper I aim to reconstruct the theoretical and methodological background which supports this feature. I claim that we can read large parts of the second book of Bacon's Novum organum as a guide to laboratory practices; and that it was read in this manner by some of Bacon's seventeenth century followers. Key to this guide is Bacon's theory of prerogative instances which, in turn, provides the grounding for a whole theory of instruments of detection and instruments of measurement. I show, in particular, how Bacon suggested that such instruments can be used for 'charting' virtues and powers; a process in which instruments of detection can be transformed into instruments of measurement. I also show that Bacon's views on instruments entail an elaborated conception of measurement which departs from the ethos of artisanal perfection. Instead of pursuing the 'best results', Bacon's instrumental natural and experimental histories aim to offer a large enough corpus of correlations, estimates and calculations which, taken together, can represent more or less accurately changes and variations of natural virtues and powers.
{"title":"Francis Bacon and the practices of measurement.","authors":"Dana Jalobeanu","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2282772","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2282772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The instrumental character of Francis Bacon's natural and experimental histories was often noted, but never fully investigated. In this paper I aim to reconstruct the theoretical and methodological background which supports this feature. I claim that we can read large parts of the second book of Bacon's <i>Novum organum</i> as a guide to laboratory practices; and that it was read in this manner by some of Bacon's seventeenth century followers. Key to this guide is Bacon's theory of prerogative instances which, in turn, provides the grounding for a whole theory of instruments of detection and instruments of measurement. I show, in particular, how Bacon suggested that such instruments can be used for 'charting' virtues and powers; a process in which instruments of detection can be transformed into instruments of measurement. I also show that Bacon's views on instruments entail an elaborated conception of measurement which departs from the ethos of artisanal perfection. Instead of pursuing the 'best results', Bacon's instrumental natural and experimental histories aim to offer a large enough corpus of correlations, estimates and calculations which, taken together, can represent more or less accurately changes and variations of natural virtues and powers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"79-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136395953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2282784
Boris Jardine
This paper examines the role of mathematical instrument makers in establishing a public culture of precision measurement in early-modern England. I argue that this culture was promoted through tria...
{"title":"The social life of precision instruments: artisans’ trials in early-modern England, 1550–1700","authors":"Boris Jardine","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2282784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2282784","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the role of mathematical instrument makers in establishing a public culture of precision measurement in early-modern England. I argue that this culture was promoted through tria...","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138690130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2282787
Rossella Baldi
Precision was not a quality expected from ordinary watches in the eighteenth century, which required specific maintenance to function correctly. The precautions to be taken to ensure the accuracy o...
{"title":"How to ensure a chronometer’s accuracy. Josiah Emery timekeepers and their users","authors":"Rossella Baldi","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2282787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2282787","url":null,"abstract":"Precision was not a quality expected from ordinary watches in the eighteenth century, which required specific maintenance to function correctly. The precautions to be taken to ensure the accuracy o...","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138690058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2290187
Christopher D. Hollings
Between December 1855 and March 1856, a public dispute raged, in British national newspapers and locally published pamphlets, between two teachers at the University of Oxford: the mathematical lect...
{"title":"Oxford mathematics at a low ebb? An 1855 dispute over examination results","authors":"Christopher D. Hollings","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2290187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2290187","url":null,"abstract":"Between December 1855 and March 1856, a public dispute raged, in British national newspapers and locally published pamphlets, between two teachers at the University of Oxford: the mathematical lect...","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138568112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2289540
Marco Beretta
This essay focuses on an unknown Latin translation of Georg Ernst Stahl's treatise on the nature of sulfur (Zufällige Gedancken und Nützliche Bedencken über den Streit von dem so genannten Sulfure)...
这篇文章的重点是格奥尔格-恩斯特-施塔尔（Georg Ernst Stahl）关于硫磺性质的论文（Zufällige Gedancken und Nützliche Bedencken über den Streit von dem so genannten Sulfure）的佚名拉丁文译本。
{"title":"Stahl in France: an unknown Latin translation of the Zufällige Gedancken und nützliche Bedencken über den Streit, von dem so genannten Sulfure (1718) owned by Étienne-François Geoffroy, Jean Hellot and Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier","authors":"Marco Beretta","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2289540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2289540","url":null,"abstract":"This essay focuses on an unknown Latin translation of Georg Ernst Stahl's treatise on the nature of sulfur (Zufällige Gedancken und Nützliche Bedencken über den Streit von dem so genannten Sulfure)...","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138579373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-08DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2289535
Olivier Morizot
In his ‘Theory of Light and Colours’, presented to the Royal Society in November 1801, Thomas Young defended a mechanical explanation of the coloured fringes observed outside of the shadow of an op...
{"title":"David Brewster’s and William Herschel’s experiments on inflection that delivered the coup de grâce to Thomas Young’s ether distribution hypothesis","authors":"Olivier Morizot","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2289535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2289535","url":null,"abstract":"In his ‘Theory of Light and Colours’, presented to the Royal Society in November 1801, Thomas Young defended a mechanical explanation of the coloured fringes observed outside of the shadow of an op...","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138563271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2266443
Fokko Jan Dijksterhuis
Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Klaus-Dieter Herbst, Die Entwicklung des Meridiankreises 1700-1850: Genesis eines astronomischen Hauptinstrumentes unter Berücksichtigung des Wechselverhältnisses zwischen Astronomie, Astro-Technik und Technik (Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, 1996).2 Thyra Eibe and Kristine Bjerrum Meyer, eds, Ole Rømers Adversaria (København: Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri, 1910).3 Friedrichsen, Per, and Chr. Gorm Tortzen, eds, Ole Rømer. Korrespondance og afhandlinger samt et udvalg af dokumenter (København: Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, 2001).4 Tybjerb, Karin, and others, eds, Ole Rømer. I kongens og videnskabens tjeneste (Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2011); Tybjerg, Karin, ‘Cosmos and Cogwheels—The Work of Ole Rømer (1644–1710)’, Centaurus 54-1 (2012).
点击放大图片点击缩小图片注释1 Klaus-Dieter Herbst, Die Entwicklung des Meridiankreises 1700-1850: Genesis eines astronomischen Hauptinstrumentes unter Berücksichtigung des Wechselverhältnisses zwischen Astronomie, Astro-Technik und Technik (Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, 1996)。2 Thyra Eibe 和 Kristine Bjerrum Meyer 编辑，《Ole Rømer's Adversaria》（København：Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri，1910 年）。Korrespondance og afhandlinger samt et udvalg af dokumenter (København: Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, 2001).4 Tybjerb, Karin, and others, eds, Ole Rømer.I kongens og videnskabens tjeneste (Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2011); Tybjerg, Karin, 'Cosmos and Cogwheels-The Work of Ole Rømer (1644-1710)', Centaurus 54-1 (2012).
{"title":"Ole Rømer’s Triduum vol. I–III <b>Ole Rømer’s Triduum vol. I–III</b> , edited by Claus Fabricius, Niels Therkel Jørgensen and Chr Gorm Tortzen, Copenhagen, Society for Danish Language and Literature, 2023, 234+473+112 pp. 11 plts., 799 DKK (Hardback), ISBN: 978-87-7533-060-7","authors":"Fokko Jan Dijksterhuis","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2266443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2266443","url":null,"abstract":"Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes1 Klaus-Dieter Herbst, Die Entwicklung des Meridiankreises 1700-1850: Genesis eines astronomischen Hauptinstrumentes unter Berücksichtigung des Wechselverhältnisses zwischen Astronomie, Astro-Technik und Technik (Verlag für Geschichte der Naturwissenschaften und der Technik, 1996).2 Thyra Eibe and Kristine Bjerrum Meyer, eds, Ole Rømers Adversaria (København: Bianco Lunos Bogtrykkeri, 1910).3 Friedrichsen, Per, and Chr. Gorm Tortzen, eds, Ole Rømer. Korrespondance og afhandlinger samt et udvalg af dokumenter (København: Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab, 2001).4 Tybjerb, Karin, and others, eds, Ole Rømer. I kongens og videnskabens tjeneste (Aarhus: Aarhus Universitetsforlag, 2011); Tybjerg, Karin, ‘Cosmos and Cogwheels—The Work of Ole Rømer (1644–1710)’, Centaurus 54-1 (2012).","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135993140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2240351
S. Kusukawa
{"title":"Engraving accuracy in early modern England: visual communication and the Royal Society","authors":"S. Kusukawa","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2240351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2240351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46333295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2240810
Coreen Mcguire
{"title":"Sound authorities: scientific and musical knowledge in nineteenth-century Britain","authors":"Coreen Mcguire","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2240810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2240810","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44839331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-25DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2239825
Ji Wei
{"title":"The Doctor Who Wasn’t There: Technology, History, and the Limits of Telehealth","authors":"Ji Wei","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2239825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2023.2239825","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47368263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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