Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1994415
Xiong Chen, Jieqing Li, Tao Li, Honggao Liu, Yuan-zhong Wang
Abstract Different species and geographic regions of mushrooms differ in nutritional and medicinal value, while traditional chemical methods are destructive, time-consuming and expensive to sample. In contrast, infrared spectroscopy enables accurate, noninvasive, rapid and inexpensive identification of species and quality analysis. But infrared spectroscopy technology has produced a large number of data, common data analysis methods cannot be analyzed, chemometrics can solve this problem. In recent years, the combination of infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics has made some progress in qualitative and quantitative analysis of mushrooms. In this review, the basic principle of infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics are introduced, and their typical applications in different directions of mushrooms are summarized. Finally, we point out the limitation of infrared spectroscopy, but with the development of chemometrics, infrared spectroscopy will have a broader prospect.
{"title":"Application of infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics in mushroom","authors":"Xiong Chen, Jieqing Li, Tao Li, Honggao Liu, Yuan-zhong Wang","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1994415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1994415","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Different species and geographic regions of mushrooms differ in nutritional and medicinal value, while traditional chemical methods are destructive, time-consuming and expensive to sample. In contrast, infrared spectroscopy enables accurate, noninvasive, rapid and inexpensive identification of species and quality analysis. But infrared spectroscopy technology has produced a large number of data, common data analysis methods cannot be analyzed, chemometrics can solve this problem. In recent years, the combination of infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics has made some progress in qualitative and quantitative analysis of mushrooms. In this review, the basic principle of infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics are introduced, and their typical applications in different directions of mushrooms are summarized. Finally, we point out the limitation of infrared spectroscopy, but with the development of chemometrics, infrared spectroscopy will have a broader prospect.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"318 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90652745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1990080
Qiuyue Yu, Jing Liao, Feng Xu, Xin Yuan, Xiaoli Xiong, T. Xiao, Huimin Yu, Ke Huang
Abstract Cholinesterase (ChE) is a kind of important enzyme in a range of significant areas such as toxicology, pharmacology, and neurobiology. ChE, which can be irreversibly inhibited with organophosphorus agents (OPs), plays an important role in cholinergic syndrome. Recently, many efforts have been devoted to developing ChE sensor. Spectroscopic methods, including fluorescence, colorimetric and UV-vis, chemiluminescence (CL), and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) are the most widely used techniques for the ChE activity detection. In these developed spectroscopic techniques, biosensors using nanomaterials or probe or chromogenic agent are highly promising because of the enhanced sensitivity, fast response time, wide detection range and system miniaturization. This paper reviews the development, application, and research trend of spectroscopic methods of ChE activity and its inhibitors in the last decade. Furthermore, the prospects for ChE detection are also discussed.
{"title":"Developments of spectroscopic biosensors for cholinesterase and its inhibitors in the last decade: an overview","authors":"Qiuyue Yu, Jing Liao, Feng Xu, Xin Yuan, Xiaoli Xiong, T. Xiao, Huimin Yu, Ke Huang","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1990080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1990080","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cholinesterase (ChE) is a kind of important enzyme in a range of significant areas such as toxicology, pharmacology, and neurobiology. ChE, which can be irreversibly inhibited with organophosphorus agents (OPs), plays an important role in cholinergic syndrome. Recently, many efforts have been devoted to developing ChE sensor. Spectroscopic methods, including fluorescence, colorimetric and UV-vis, chemiluminescence (CL), and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) are the most widely used techniques for the ChE activity detection. In these developed spectroscopic techniques, biosensors using nanomaterials or probe or chromogenic agent are highly promising because of the enhanced sensitivity, fast response time, wide detection range and system miniaturization. This paper reviews the development, application, and research trend of spectroscopic methods of ChE activity and its inhibitors in the last decade. Furthermore, the prospects for ChE detection are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"50 1","pages":"271 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88605842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1946076
M. Paraskevaidi, Baker J. Matthew, Butler J. Holly, Byrne J. Hugh, C. P. Thulya, C. Loren, Crean StJohn, Gardner Peter, Gassner Callum, Kazarian G. Sergei, Kochan Kamila, Kyrgiou Maria, Lima M. G. Kássio, Martin-Hirsch L. Pierre, Paraskevaidis Evangelos, Pebotuwa Savithri, A. John, Salange Alexandra, Santos Marfran, Sulé-Suso Josep, Tyagi Gunjan, W. Michael, Wood Bayden
Abstract Analytical technologies that can improve disease diagnosis are highly sought after. Current screening/diagnostic tests for several diseases are limited by their moderate diagnostic performance, invasiveness, costly and laborious methodologies or the need for multiple tests before a definitive diagnosis. Spectroscopic techniques, including infrared (IR) and Raman, have attracted great interest in the medical field, with applications expanding from early disease detection to monitoring and real-time diagnosis. This review highlights applications of IR and Raman spectroscopy, with a focus on cancer and infectious diseases since 2015, and underscores the diverse sample types that can be analyzed, such as biofluids, cells and tissues. Studies involving more than 25 participants per group (disease and control group; if no control group >25 in disease group) were considered eligible, to retain the clinical focus of the paper. Following literature searches, we identified 94 spectroscopic studies on different cancers and 30 studies on infectious diseases. The review suggests that such technologies have the potential to develop into an objective, inexpensive, point-of-care test or facilitate disease diagnosis and monitoring. Up-to-date considerations for the implementation of spectroscopic techniques into a clinical setting, health economics and successful applications of vibrational spectroscopic tests in the clinical arena are also discussed.
{"title":"Clinical applications of infrared and Raman spectroscopy in the fields of cancer and infectious diseases","authors":"M. Paraskevaidi, Baker J. Matthew, Butler J. Holly, Byrne J. Hugh, C. P. Thulya, C. Loren, Crean StJohn, Gardner Peter, Gassner Callum, Kazarian G. Sergei, Kochan Kamila, Kyrgiou Maria, Lima M. G. Kássio, Martin-Hirsch L. Pierre, Paraskevaidis Evangelos, Pebotuwa Savithri, A. John, Salange Alexandra, Santos Marfran, Sulé-Suso Josep, Tyagi Gunjan, W. Michael, Wood Bayden","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1946076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1946076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analytical technologies that can improve disease diagnosis are highly sought after. Current screening/diagnostic tests for several diseases are limited by their moderate diagnostic performance, invasiveness, costly and laborious methodologies or the need for multiple tests before a definitive diagnosis. Spectroscopic techniques, including infrared (IR) and Raman, have attracted great interest in the medical field, with applications expanding from early disease detection to monitoring and real-time diagnosis. This review highlights applications of IR and Raman spectroscopy, with a focus on cancer and infectious diseases since 2015, and underscores the diverse sample types that can be analyzed, such as biofluids, cells and tissues. Studies involving more than 25 participants per group (disease and control group; if no control group >25 in disease group) were considered eligible, to retain the clinical focus of the paper. Following literature searches, we identified 94 spectroscopic studies on different cancers and 30 studies on infectious diseases. The review suggests that such technologies have the potential to develop into an objective, inexpensive, point-of-care test or facilitate disease diagnosis and monitoring. Up-to-date considerations for the implementation of spectroscopic techniques into a clinical setting, health economics and successful applications of vibrational spectroscopic tests in the clinical arena are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"804 - 868"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81114971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1975126
Qinqin Zhang, Xiaoqi Lin, Weisheng Chen, Kaisen Jiang, Dezhi Han
Abstract Polyurethanes (PUs) have been versatilely applied in various fields because of their preferable properties with both elasticity and hardness. Due to the thermodynamic incompatibility of hard segments and soft segments, the PUs generally have the microphase-separated structures, which could dramatically affect their chemical and mechanical properties. In this review, the characterization methods of microphase-separated structures in PU polymers, such as fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) are summarized and illustrated. The relationship between microphase-separated structures and PU properties is also discussed. This review will lay the theoretical foundation for the improvement on the application performance of PUs.
{"title":"Applications of characterization methods in polyurethane materials: analysis of microphase-separated structures","authors":"Qinqin Zhang, Xiaoqi Lin, Weisheng Chen, Kaisen Jiang, Dezhi Han","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1975126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1975126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Polyurethanes (PUs) have been versatilely applied in various fields because of their preferable properties with both elasticity and hardness. Due to the thermodynamic incompatibility of hard segments and soft segments, the PUs generally have the microphase-separated structures, which could dramatically affect their chemical and mechanical properties. In this review, the characterization methods of microphase-separated structures in PU polymers, such as fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) are summarized and illustrated. The relationship between microphase-separated structures and PU properties is also discussed. This review will lay the theoretical foundation for the improvement on the application performance of PUs.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"19 1","pages":"153 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81106391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1969944
Mike Hardy, Liam Kelleher, Paulo de Carvalho Gomes, E. Buchan, H. Chu, P. Goldberg Oppenheimer
Abstract The use of Raman spectroscopy combined with saliva is an exciting emerging spectroscopy-biofluid combination. In this review, we summarize current methods employed in such studies, in particular the collection, pretreatment, and storage of saliva, as well as measurement procedures and Raman parameters used. Given the need for sensitive detection, surface-enhanced Raman methods are also surveyed, alongside chemometric techniques. A meta-analysis of variables is compiled. We observe a wide range of approaches and conclude that standardization of methods and progress to more extensive validation Raman-saliva studies is necessary. Nevertheless, the studies show tremendous promise toward the improvement of speed, diagnostic accuracy, and portable device possibilities in applications such as healthcare, law enforcement, and forensics.
{"title":"Methods in Raman spectroscopy for saliva studies – a review","authors":"Mike Hardy, Liam Kelleher, Paulo de Carvalho Gomes, E. Buchan, H. Chu, P. Goldberg Oppenheimer","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1969944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1969944","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of Raman spectroscopy combined with saliva is an exciting emerging spectroscopy-biofluid combination. In this review, we summarize current methods employed in such studies, in particular the collection, pretreatment, and storage of saliva, as well as measurement procedures and Raman parameters used. Given the need for sensitive detection, surface-enhanced Raman methods are also surveyed, alongside chemometric techniques. A meta-analysis of variables is compiled. We observe a wide range of approaches and conclude that standardization of methods and progress to more extensive validation Raman-saliva studies is necessary. Nevertheless, the studies show tremendous promise toward the improvement of speed, diagnostic accuracy, and portable device possibilities in applications such as healthcare, law enforcement, and forensics.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"126 1","pages":"177 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90222946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1966634
P. Lubin, M. Pelizzo, Jacob Erlikhman, A. Cohen, J. Madajian, P. Meinhold, G. Hughes, Nic Rupert, P. Srinivasan
Abstract A novel method is described for remotely interrogating bulk molecular composition of rocky materials. Laser energy heats a local area on the substrate; flux is optimized to melt and evaporate target constituents with low rates of molecular dissociation. Substrate temperature rises until an equilibrium is established between incident flux and latent phase-change energies, reaching ˜2500 K in vacuum. A blackbody signal is emitted by the heated spot, traveling outward through the evaporated material; reflective optics direct the signal into a spectrometer. Ro-vibrational absorption in the plume provides a diagnostic for identifying bulk molecular composition of the substrate. Absorption spectra are modeled for compounds with available a priori molecular cross-sections, based on laser and receiver characteristics, and target material properties. Mass ejection flux drives the plume density profile. Qualitative, species-specific spectral profiles are derived by integrating molecular cross section along a path through the plume. Simulations indicate robust absorption profiles.
{"title":"Remote molecular composition analysis of laser-ablated material","authors":"P. Lubin, M. Pelizzo, Jacob Erlikhman, A. Cohen, J. Madajian, P. Meinhold, G. Hughes, Nic Rupert, P. Srinivasan","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1966634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1966634","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A novel method is described for remotely interrogating bulk molecular composition of rocky materials. Laser energy heats a local area on the substrate; flux is optimized to melt and evaporate target constituents with low rates of molecular dissociation. Substrate temperature rises until an equilibrium is established between incident flux and latent phase-change energies, reaching ˜2500 K in vacuum. A blackbody signal is emitted by the heated spot, traveling outward through the evaporated material; reflective optics direct the signal into a spectrometer. Ro-vibrational absorption in the plume provides a diagnostic for identifying bulk molecular composition of the substrate. Absorption spectra are modeled for compounds with available a priori molecular cross-sections, based on laser and receiver characteristics, and target material properties. Mass ejection flux drives the plume density profile. Qualitative, species-specific spectral profiles are derived by integrating molecular cross section along a path through the plume. Simulations indicate robust absorption profiles.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"138 1","pages":"235 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89320121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-17DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1963977
Sari Romppanen, I. Pölönen, H. Häkkänen, S. Kaski
Abstract Mapping with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can offer more than just the spatial distribution of elements: the rich spectral information also enables mineral recognition. In the present study, statistical approaches were used for the recognition of the spodumene from lithium pegmatite ores. A broad spectral range (280–820 nm) with multiple lines was first used to establish the methods based on vertex component analysis (VCA) and K-means and DBSCAN clusterings. However, with a view to potential on-site applications, the dimensions of the datasets must be reduced in order to accomplish fast analysis. Therefore, the capability of the methods in mineral identification was tested with a limited spectral range (560–815 nm) using Li-pegmatites with various mineralogical characters.
{"title":"Optimization of spodumene identification by statistical approach for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data of lithium pegmatite ores","authors":"Sari Romppanen, I. Pölönen, H. Häkkänen, S. Kaski","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1963977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1963977","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mapping with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can offer more than just the spatial distribution of elements: the rich spectral information also enables mineral recognition. In the present study, statistical approaches were used for the recognition of the spodumene from lithium pegmatite ores. A broad spectral range (280–820 nm) with multiple lines was first used to establish the methods based on vertex component analysis (VCA) and K-means and DBSCAN clusterings. However, with a view to potential on-site applications, the dimensions of the datasets must be reduced in order to accomplish fast analysis. Therefore, the capability of the methods in mineral identification was tested with a limited spectral range (560–815 nm) using Li-pegmatites with various mineralogical characters.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"26 1","pages":"297 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87927959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1958337
Emma L. Callery, A. Rowbottom
Abstract Laboratory tests are essential for clinicians to reach an accurate diagnosis and informing appropriate treatments. The expansion in the use of immunotherapies has highlighted the gap between the knowledge of molecular pathways and targeted therapies with availability of laboratory tests. The translation of vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy into clinical practice offer rapid-, noninvasive and inexpensive methods to obtain information on the molecular composition of biological samples. Advances in instrumentation, data analysis and machine learning techniques are key developments that have permitted the availability of results to clinicians in an appropriate timescale. Immunological disorders are complex, often demonstrating interaction across multiple molecular pathways which results in delayed diagnosis. Vibrational spectroscopy is being applied in many fields and here we present a review of its potential use in clinical immunology. This review addresses the potential use of spectroscopy in clinical immunology. Potential benefits that these novel techniques offer, including enhanced definition of molecular process and its use in disease diagnosis, monitoring and treatment response is discussed. Whilst not covered extensively, an overview of the method principle, quality control processes, and the requirements for multivariate data analysis is included to provide the reader with sufficient understanding of its application in the clinical setting.
{"title":"Vibrational spectroscopy and multivariate analysis techniques in the clinical immunology laboratory: a review of current applications and requirements for diagnostic use","authors":"Emma L. Callery, A. Rowbottom","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1958337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1958337","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Laboratory tests are essential for clinicians to reach an accurate diagnosis and informing appropriate treatments. The expansion in the use of immunotherapies has highlighted the gap between the knowledge of molecular pathways and targeted therapies with availability of laboratory tests. The translation of vibrational spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy into clinical practice offer rapid-, noninvasive and inexpensive methods to obtain information on the molecular composition of biological samples. Advances in instrumentation, data analysis and machine learning techniques are key developments that have permitted the availability of results to clinicians in an appropriate timescale. Immunological disorders are complex, often demonstrating interaction across multiple molecular pathways which results in delayed diagnosis. Vibrational spectroscopy is being applied in many fields and here we present a review of its potential use in clinical immunology. This review addresses the potential use of spectroscopy in clinical immunology. Potential benefits that these novel techniques offer, including enhanced definition of molecular process and its use in disease diagnosis, monitoring and treatment response is discussed. Whilst not covered extensively, an overview of the method principle, quality control processes, and the requirements for multivariate data analysis is included to provide the reader with sufficient understanding of its application in the clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":"411 - 440"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74708403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1951283
R. Dassanayake, Niwanthi Dissanayake, J. S. Fierro, N. Abidi, E. Quitevis, Kiran Boggavarappu, Vidura D. Thalangamaarachchige
Abstract Over the past few years, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), also known as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCCs), have received significant attention owing to their diverse spectrum of applications. CNCs are commonly considered in nanomedicine, the food industry, tissue engineering, energy and storage applications, paper and textile industry, polymeric composites, and bio-catalysis. Due to the versatility of CNCs and CNC-derived materials, there is increasing importance in characterizing their properties using spectroscopic techniques. These spectroscopic techniques include solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. This review focuses on the characterization of CNCs and CNCs-derived materials using the aforementioned spectroscopic techniques. This review also discusses the background, experimental procedures, sample preparation, and spectral analysis methods used in these techniques.
{"title":"Characterization of cellulose nanocrystals by current spectroscopic techniques","authors":"R. Dassanayake, Niwanthi Dissanayake, J. S. Fierro, N. Abidi, E. Quitevis, Kiran Boggavarappu, Vidura D. Thalangamaarachchige","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1951283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1951283","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Over the past few years, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), also known as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCCs), have received significant attention owing to their diverse spectrum of applications. CNCs are commonly considered in nanomedicine, the food industry, tissue engineering, energy and storage applications, paper and textile industry, polymeric composites, and bio-catalysis. Due to the versatility of CNCs and CNC-derived materials, there is increasing importance in characterizing their properties using spectroscopic techniques. These spectroscopic techniques include solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. This review focuses on the characterization of CNCs and CNCs-derived materials using the aforementioned spectroscopic techniques. This review also discusses the background, experimental procedures, sample preparation, and spectral analysis methods used in these techniques.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"303 1","pages":"180 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77185251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-23DOI: 10.1080/05704928.2021.1955702
M. Mabrouk, Nouran A. Hamed, F. Mansour
Abstract The applications of surfactants in various fields are gaining more attention, which makes full characterization of surfactants of growing interest. It is fundamental to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as a parameter for characterizing surfactants. Spectroscopic methods for determination of CMC are more common, easier to perform, and in certain applications more accurate. In this review, different spectroscopic techniques and methods used for determination of CMC are discussed. These methods include direct UV/VIS Spectroscopy, which studies liquid surface curvature in thin wells using vertical detecting light beam with the wavelength set at 900 nm. The indirect UV/VIS Spectroscopic methods include using surface plasmon resonance or surface-enhanced Raman scattering of metal nanoparticles. Direct spectrofluorometric methods measure CMC based on the intrinsic fluorescence of the tested surfactants, and it was reserved for surfactants with intrinsic fluorescence such as Triton-X100. Indirect spectrofluorometric methods include measuring the change in fluorescence intensity, spectral shape, lifetime, polarization, or the solvatochromic shift of surfactant-dye solution. Other spectroscopic methods have been reported such as X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small-angle neutron scattering. This review article discusses the spectroscopic methods developed for CMC determination with emphasis on the principle, applications, advantages, and limitations of each method.
{"title":"Spectroscopic methods for determination of critical micelle concentrations of surfactants; a comprehensive review","authors":"M. Mabrouk, Nouran A. Hamed, F. Mansour","doi":"10.1080/05704928.2021.1955702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/05704928.2021.1955702","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The applications of surfactants in various fields are gaining more attention, which makes full characterization of surfactants of growing interest. It is fundamental to measure the critical micelle concentration (CMC) as a parameter for characterizing surfactants. Spectroscopic methods for determination of CMC are more common, easier to perform, and in certain applications more accurate. In this review, different spectroscopic techniques and methods used for determination of CMC are discussed. These methods include direct UV/VIS Spectroscopy, which studies liquid surface curvature in thin wells using vertical detecting light beam with the wavelength set at 900 nm. The indirect UV/VIS Spectroscopic methods include using surface plasmon resonance or surface-enhanced Raman scattering of metal nanoparticles. Direct spectrofluorometric methods measure CMC based on the intrinsic fluorescence of the tested surfactants, and it was reserved for surfactants with intrinsic fluorescence such as Triton-X100. Indirect spectrofluorometric methods include measuring the change in fluorescence intensity, spectral shape, lifetime, polarization, or the solvatochromic shift of surfactant-dye solution. Other spectroscopic methods have been reported such as X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small-angle neutron scattering. This review article discusses the spectroscopic methods developed for CMC determination with emphasis on the principle, applications, advantages, and limitations of each method.","PeriodicalId":8100,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spectroscopy Reviews","volume":"6 1","pages":"206 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77060688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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