Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.013
Jacoba I Bromfield, S. Niknafs, Xiaojing Chen, Juhani von Hellens, Darwin Horyanto, Baode Sun, Lei Yu, Viet Hai Tran, Marta Navarro, Eugeni Roura
{"title":"The evaluation of next-generation probiotics on broiler growth performance, gut morphology, gut microbiome, nutrient digestibility, in addition to enzyme production of Bacillus spp. in vitro","authors":"Jacoba I Bromfield, S. Niknafs, Xiaojing Chen, Juhani von Hellens, Darwin Horyanto, Baode Sun, Lei Yu, Viet Hai Tran, Marta Navarro, Eugeni Roura","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.04.004
Guang Liu, Lan Li, Shuan Liu, Zhenglin Dong, Jian Zhou, Chengyan Gong, Yulong Yin, Wenjie Tang, Dan Wan
{"title":"Characterization of serum proteomic and inflammatory profiling at early stage of iron deficiency in weaned piglets","authors":"Guang Liu, Lan Li, Shuan Liu, Zhenglin Dong, Jian Zhou, Chengyan Gong, Yulong Yin, Wenjie Tang, Dan Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140787928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.011
Cheng Wang, Dandan Chen, Shou Wu, Wei Zhou, Xiaoyang Chen, Qing Zhang, Li Wang
This study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing the diet of broilers with leaf extract (NCLE) on meat quality by evaluating antioxidant parameters and the expression of genes in the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (p38 MAPK/Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway, coupled with LC–MS-based metabolomic analysis. A total of 480 one-day-old male broilers were randomly allocated to four treatment groups—a control (CON) group, which was fed a basal diet, and three NCLE treatment groups, which were fed the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg NCLE (N1, N2, and N3 groups, respectively) for 42 d. Compared with the CON group, meat quality was improved in the N2 and N3 groups, as evidenced by the higher pH ( < 0.05) and lower shear force ( < 0.05) in breast muscle (BM) and lower drip loss at 48 h ( < 0.05) in leg muscle (LM). Moreover, BM antioxidant capacity was significantly enhanced in the N3 group, characterized by an increase in the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), and the relative mRNA expression of , extracellular-signal regulated kinase (), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (), , , and ( < 0.05). Similarly, LM in the N3 group displayed higher T-AOC, increased GSH-Px and CAT concentrations, reduced malonaldehyde contents ( < 0.05), and upregulation of the relative mRNA levels of , , heme oxygenase, , and superoxide dismutase () ( < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis revealed that D-arabinono-1,4-lactone and lyso-PAF C-16-d4 were negatively correlated with shear force and cooking loss ( < 0.05) and displayed increased abundance in BM of the N3 group. L-Serine levels were upregulated while D-fructose 1,6-diphosphate contents were downregulated in the three NCLE groups. Finally, the differential metabolites in both BM and LM were involved in amino acid metabolism pathways. Our results indicated that NCLE supplementation improved meat quality by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, promoting the expression of genes in the p38 MAPK/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, and regulating amino acid metabolism. The optimal NCLE concentration was found to be 400 mg/kg.
{"title":"Dietary supplementation with Neolamarckia cadamba leaf extract improves broiler meat quality by enhancing antioxidant capacity and regulating metabolites","authors":"Cheng Wang, Dandan Chen, Shou Wu, Wei Zhou, Xiaoyang Chen, Qing Zhang, Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"This study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing the diet of broilers with leaf extract (NCLE) on meat quality by evaluating antioxidant parameters and the expression of genes in the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant responsive element (p38 MAPK/Nrf2/ARE) signaling pathway, coupled with LC–MS-based metabolomic analysis. A total of 480 one-day-old male broilers were randomly allocated to four treatment groups—a control (CON) group, which was fed a basal diet, and three NCLE treatment groups, which were fed the basal diet supplemented with 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg NCLE (N1, N2, and N3 groups, respectively) for 42 d. Compared with the CON group, meat quality was improved in the N2 and N3 groups, as evidenced by the higher pH ( < 0.05) and lower shear force ( < 0.05) in breast muscle (BM) and lower drip loss at 48 h ( < 0.05) in leg muscle (LM). Moreover, BM antioxidant capacity was significantly enhanced in the N3 group, characterized by an increase in the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the concentrations of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), and the relative mRNA expression of , extracellular-signal regulated kinase (), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (), , , and ( < 0.05). Similarly, LM in the N3 group displayed higher T-AOC, increased GSH-Px and CAT concentrations, reduced malonaldehyde contents ( < 0.05), and upregulation of the relative mRNA levels of , , heme oxygenase, , and superoxide dismutase () ( < 0.05). Metabolomics analysis revealed that D-arabinono-1,4-lactone and lyso-PAF C-16-d4 were negatively correlated with shear force and cooking loss ( < 0.05) and displayed increased abundance in BM of the N3 group. L-Serine levels were upregulated while D-fructose 1,6-diphosphate contents were downregulated in the three NCLE groups. Finally, the differential metabolites in both BM and LM were involved in amino acid metabolism pathways. Our results indicated that NCLE supplementation improved meat quality by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, promoting the expression of genes in the p38 MAPK/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, and regulating amino acid metabolism. The optimal NCLE concentration was found to be 400 mg/kg.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.002
Shu-Biao Wu
{"title":"Advancements in animal nutrition: The interplay of feed enzymes, gut health, and nutrient supply in poultry and pig production – A tribute to Professor Mingan Choct's 30-year scientific legacy","authors":"Shu-Biao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.003
Shimin Liu, Yanyan Yang, Hailing Luo, Wenjie Pang, Graeme B. Martin
In markets for beef and sheep meat, an appropriate level of intramuscular fat (IMF) is highly desirable for meat-eating quality, but strategies to improve it usually lead to an undesirable excess in carcase fat, presenting a major challenge to livestock producers. To solve this problem, we need to understand the partitioning of fat among the major fat depots: IMF, subcutaneous fat (SCF) and visceral fat (VF). In most genotypes of cattle and sheep, the rate of accretion is lower for IMF than for SCF and VF, so genetic selection for a high level of IMF, or the use of an increased dietary energy supply to promote IMF deposition, will increase overall fatness and feed costs. On the other hand, feeding postnatal calves with excessive concentrates promotes IMF deposition, so a nutritional strategy is feasible. With genetic strategies, several problems arise: 1) positive genetic correlations between IMF, SCF and VF differ among genotypes in both cattle and sheep; 2) genotypes appear to have specific, characteristic rates of accretion of IMF during periods of growth and fattening; 3) most breeds of cattle and sheep naturally produce meat with relatively low levels of IMF, but IMF does vary substantially among individuals and breeds so progress is possible through accurate measurement of IMF. Therefore, an essential prerequisite for selection will be knowledge of the genetic correlations and fat accretion rates for each genotype. Currently, selection for IMF is based on existing technology that directly measures IMF in the progeny or siblings, or estimates IMF in live animals. New technology is needed to permit the simultaneous measurement of SCF and IMF in the field, thus opening up the possibility of accurate selection, particularly for fat partitioning in live animals. Specifically, there would be great value in detecting individuals with an IMF advantage at an early age so the generation interval could be shortened and genetic gain accelerated. Genetic gain would also be greatly aided if we could select for genes that control adipogenesis and lipogenesis and are also differentially expressed in the various depots.
在牛羊肉市场上，适当水平的肌肉内脂肪（IMF）对于肉食品质来说是非常理想的，但改善肌肉内脂肪的策略通常会导致胴体脂肪过剩，这对牲畜生产者来说是一个重大挑战。要解决这个问题，我们需要了解脂肪在主要脂肪库之间的分配情况：内脏脂肪（IMF）、皮下脂肪（SCF）和内脏脂肪（VF）。在大多数牛羊基因型中，IMF 的增殖率低于 SCF 和 VF，因此遗传选择高水平的 IMF，或使用增加日粮能量供应来促进 IMF 的沉积，会增加总体脂肪率和饲料成本。另一方面，给出生后的犊牛饲喂过多的精料会促进 IMF 的沉积，因此营养策略是可行的。在遗传策略方面，会出现几个问题：1）在牛和羊的不同基因型中，IMF、SCF 和 VF 之间的正遗传相关性各不相同；2）基因型在生长和育肥期间似乎具有特定的、特征性的 IMF 增殖率；3）大多数牛羊品种天然生产的肉中 IMF 水平相对较低，但不同个体和品种的 IMF 确实存在很大差异，因此通过精确测量 IMF 有可能取得进展。因此，选择的一个基本前提是了解每种基因型的遗传相关性和脂肪增加率。目前，IMF 的选择是基于现有技术，即直接测量后代或同胞的 IMF，或估计活体动物的 IMF。需要采用新技术，以便在现场同时测量 SCF 和 IMF，从而为精确选育，特别是活体脂肪分配选育提供可能。具体来说，在早期发现具有 IMF 优势的个体将非常有价值，这样可以缩短世代间隔，加快遗传增殖。如果我们能选择控制脂肪生成和脂肪生成的基因，并且这些基因在不同脂肪储藏中也有不同的表达，那么也将大大有助于遗传增益。
{"title":"Fat deposition and partitioning for meat production in cattle and sheep","authors":"Shimin Liu, Yanyan Yang, Hailing Luo, Wenjie Pang, Graeme B. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"In markets for beef and sheep meat, an appropriate level of intramuscular fat (IMF) is highly desirable for meat-eating quality, but strategies to improve it usually lead to an undesirable excess in carcase fat, presenting a major challenge to livestock producers. To solve this problem, we need to understand the partitioning of fat among the major fat depots: IMF, subcutaneous fat (SCF) and visceral fat (VF). In most genotypes of cattle and sheep, the rate of accretion is lower for IMF than for SCF and VF, so genetic selection for a high level of IMF, or the use of an increased dietary energy supply to promote IMF deposition, will increase overall fatness and feed costs. On the other hand, feeding postnatal calves with excessive concentrates promotes IMF deposition, so a nutritional strategy is feasible. With genetic strategies, several problems arise: 1) positive genetic correlations between IMF, SCF and VF differ among genotypes in both cattle and sheep; 2) genotypes appear to have specific, characteristic rates of accretion of IMF during periods of growth and fattening; 3) most breeds of cattle and sheep naturally produce meat with relatively low levels of IMF, but IMF does vary substantially among individuals and breeds so progress is possible through accurate measurement of IMF. Therefore, an essential prerequisite for selection will be knowledge of the genetic correlations and fat accretion rates for each genotype. Currently, selection for IMF is based on existing technology that directly measures IMF in the progeny or siblings, or estimates IMF in live animals. New technology is needed to permit the simultaneous measurement of SCF and IMF in the field, thus opening up the possibility of accurate selection, particularly for fat partitioning in live animals. Specifically, there would be great value in detecting individuals with an IMF advantage at an early age so the generation interval could be shortened and genetic gain accelerated. Genetic gain would also be greatly aided if we could select for genes that control adipogenesis and lipogenesis and are also differentially expressed in the various depots.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141153155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.02.003
Lianhua Zhang, Junwei Ge, Fei Gao, Min Yang, Hui Li, Fei Xia, Hongtong Bai, Xiangshu Piao, Zhiying Sun, Lei Shi
This study sought to determine the effects of rosemary leaf powder (RP) on laying performance, egg quality, serum indices, gut barrier function, and cecal microbiota and metabolites of late-phase laying hens. A total of 84 “Jing Tint 6” laying hens at 65-week old were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a basal diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.3% RP. Our study revealed that RP improved the Haugh unit and decreased yolk n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio of laying hens, increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), jejunal activities of SOD and catalase (CAT), and jejunal zonula occludens-1 () expression, as well as decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and jejunal mRNA expression. RP markedly enhanced ( < 0.05) cecal abundances of Rikenellaceae, , and , tended to promote ( = 0.076) butyrate concentration, and reduced ( < 0.05) cecal abundances of Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Sutterellaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, Campylobacteraceae, , , and , which were closely linked with Haugh unit, yolk n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, serum SOD and TNF-α. In addition, RP altered the metabolic functions of cecal microbiota and enhanced the abundances of butyrate-synthesizing enzymes, including lysine 2,3-aminomutase, β-lysine 5,6-aminomutase, and 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase. Together, 0.3% RP has the potential to enhance egg quality by partially modulating serum antioxidant status, jejunal barrier function, and cecal microbiota structure and metabolites, indicating that RP could be considered a promising feed additive to promote the production performance of late-phase laying hens.
本研究旨在确定迷迭香叶粉（RP）对后期蛋鸡的产蛋性能、鸡蛋质量、血清指数、肠道屏障功能以及盲肠微生物群和代谢物的影响。将 84 只 65 周龄的 "京腾 6 号 "蛋鸡随机分为两组，分别饲喂基础日粮（CON）或添加 0.3% RP 的基础日粮。我们的研究发现，RP 可改善蛋鸡的哈氏单位，降低蛋黄中 n-6/n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的比例，提高血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、空肠 SOD 和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及空肠 zonula occludens-1 的表达，降低血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的水平和空肠 mRNA 的表达。RP显著提高（< 0.05）盲肠中Rikenellaceae、Ⅳ和Ⅴ的丰度，并有促进（=0.076）丁酸盐浓度的趋势，同时降低（< 0.05）盲肠中Erysipelatoclostridiaceae、Sutterellaceae、Fusobacteriaceae、Campylobacteraceae、Ⅳ和Ⅴ的丰度，这与Haugh单位、卵黄n-6/n-3 PUFA比率、血清SOD和TNF-α密切相关。此外，RP还改变了盲肠微生物群的代谢功能，提高了丁酸合成酶的丰度，包括赖氨酸2,3-氨基变构酶、β-赖氨酸5,6-氨基变构酶和3-氧代酸CoA-转移酶。总之，0.3% 的 RP 有可能通过部分调节血清抗氧化剂状态、空肠屏障功能以及盲肠微生物群结构和代谢物来提高鸡蛋质量，这表明 RP 可被视为一种有前途的饲料添加剂，可促进后期蛋鸡的生产性能。
{"title":"Rosemary leaf powder improves egg quality, antioxidant status, gut barrier function, and cecal microbiota and metabolites of late-phase laying hens","authors":"Lianhua Zhang, Junwei Ge, Fei Gao, Min Yang, Hui Li, Fei Xia, Hongtong Bai, Xiangshu Piao, Zhiying Sun, Lei Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to determine the effects of rosemary leaf powder (RP) on laying performance, egg quality, serum indices, gut barrier function, and cecal microbiota and metabolites of late-phase laying hens. A total of 84 “Jing Tint 6” laying hens at 65-week old were randomly divided into 2 groups and fed either a basal diet (CON) or a basal diet supplemented with 0.3% RP. Our study revealed that RP improved the Haugh unit and decreased yolk n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio of laying hens, increased serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), jejunal activities of SOD and catalase (CAT), and jejunal zonula occludens-1 () expression, as well as decreased serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and jejunal mRNA expression. RP markedly enhanced ( < 0.05) cecal abundances of Rikenellaceae, , and , tended to promote ( = 0.076) butyrate concentration, and reduced ( < 0.05) cecal abundances of Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Sutterellaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, Campylobacteraceae, , , and , which were closely linked with Haugh unit, yolk n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, serum SOD and TNF-α. In addition, RP altered the metabolic functions of cecal microbiota and enhanced the abundances of butyrate-synthesizing enzymes, including lysine 2,3-aminomutase, β-lysine 5,6-aminomutase, and 3-oxoacid CoA-transferase. Together, 0.3% RP has the potential to enhance egg quality by partially modulating serum antioxidant status, jejunal barrier function, and cecal microbiota structure and metabolites, indicating that RP could be considered a promising feed additive to promote the production performance of late-phase laying hens.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140182521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.011
Aghata E. Moreira da Silva, Arturo Macias Franco, Bradley S. Ferguson, Mozart A. Fonseca
This study aimed to understand how molecular mechanisms controlling water and urea metabolism at the finishing phase can be affected by previous plane of nutrition of crossbred Angus beef steers. Twenty-four ( 24) animals were randomly distributed into either a moderate (MP) or high plane of nutrition during the background phase for 85 d. Animals were then blocked by their previous plane and were moved onto a 105-d finishing phase in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The forage-finished group received only high-quality alfalfa hay, whereas the grain-fed group received a high grain diet (80% whole corn and 20% alfalfa hay). By the end of the finishing phase, animals were harvested and tissue samples from the rumen and kidney were collected. Changes in gene expression of aquaporins () -, -, -, -, , (kidney and rumen), (kidney only) and (rumen only), were assayed via real-time qPCR; rRNA was used as an endogenous control. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis was conducted. When animals were from MP, forage-finishing increased the relative abundance of ( < 0.05) ( < 0.05) ( < 0.05) and ( < 0.05) in the kidney when compared to grain-fed animals. In the rumen, for the MP group, was differentially expressed in both treatments at the finishing phase ( < 0.01), with forage-finished steers having the highest expression of . For the MP group, had a tendency of presenting a higher expression on grain-fed animals ( = 0.075). Overall, these results suggest that previous plane can impact expression of genes associated with water and urea metabolism during the finishing phase, namely and in the kidney, and and in the rumen. The greatest impact observed on gene expression changes of investigated genes at the finishing phase was reflective of animals backgrounded on the moderate previous plane.
{"title":"Influence of previous plane of nutrition on molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of urea and water metabolism related genes in the rumen and kidney of finishing crossbred Angus steers","authors":"Aghata E. Moreira da Silva, Arturo Macias Franco, Bradley S. Ferguson, Mozart A. Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to understand how molecular mechanisms controlling water and urea metabolism at the finishing phase can be affected by previous plane of nutrition of crossbred Angus beef steers. Twenty-four ( 24) animals were randomly distributed into either a moderate (MP) or high plane of nutrition during the background phase for 85 d. Animals were then blocked by their previous plane and were moved onto a 105-d finishing phase in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The forage-finished group received only high-quality alfalfa hay, whereas the grain-fed group received a high grain diet (80% whole corn and 20% alfalfa hay). By the end of the finishing phase, animals were harvested and tissue samples from the rumen and kidney were collected. Changes in gene expression of aquaporins () -, -, -, -, , (kidney and rumen), (kidney only) and (rumen only), were assayed via real-time qPCR; rRNA was used as an endogenous control. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis was conducted. When animals were from MP, forage-finishing increased the relative abundance of ( < 0.05) ( < 0.05) ( < 0.05) and ( < 0.05) in the kidney when compared to grain-fed animals. In the rumen, for the MP group, was differentially expressed in both treatments at the finishing phase ( < 0.01), with forage-finished steers having the highest expression of . For the MP group, had a tendency of presenting a higher expression on grain-fed animals ( = 0.075). Overall, these results suggest that previous plane can impact expression of genes associated with water and urea metabolism during the finishing phase, namely and in the kidney, and and in the rumen. The greatest impact observed on gene expression changes of investigated genes at the finishing phase was reflective of animals backgrounded on the moderate previous plane.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140182514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.009
Mehdi Toghyani, Shemil Macelline, Juliano C. de Paula Dorigam, Peter V. Chrystal, Peter H. Selle, Sonia Y. Liu
The current feeding study was designed to validate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles (EAAP) established based on linear broken-line (LBL) and quadratic broken-line (QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik (AMINOHen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production (PP, 20 to 44 weeks), and post peak production (post PP, 44 to 75 weeks). The EAAP based on LBL models on average had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA (Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and Val), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. The EAAP based on AMINOHen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0% (PP) and 95.0% (post PP). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass (59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; < 0.05). Diets had no significant effect on feed intake and body weight ( > 0.05). The highest FCR during PP ( = 0.067) and post PP ( < 0.05) was recorded for the birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in this study support an above average egg production rate. However, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.
{"title":"Assessment of four different dietary amino acid profiles recommended for ISA Brown layer hens: a validation study","authors":"Mehdi Toghyani, Shemil Macelline, Juliano C. de Paula Dorigam, Peter V. Chrystal, Peter H. Selle, Sonia Y. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"The current feeding study was designed to validate the two dietary essential amino acid profiles (EAAP) established based on linear broken-line (LBL) and quadratic broken-line (QBL) models, in a previous study, against Evonik (AMINOHen) and breeder recommendations for ISA Brown layers for peak production (PP, 20 to 44 weeks), and post peak production (post PP, 44 to 75 weeks). The EAAP based on LBL models on average had 19.5% and 26.0% lower digestible AA (Lys, Met + Cys, Thr, Trp, Ile and Val), than the EAAP based on QBL models for PP and post PP, respectively. The EAAP based on AMINOHen and breeder recommendation had lower digestible AA than QBL, and higher EAAP than LBL models for both production phases. At 20 weeks of age 224 ISA Brown layer hens were weighed and randomly allocated to individual battery cages. Each of the four diets was replicated 8 times with 7 birds per replicate. Egg production was recorded daily, and egg weights were measured at the end of each week. Feed consumption was measured at the end of each period. The egg production rate was not significantly affected by the diets and remained at around 98.0% (PP) and 95.0% (post PP). Birds fed diets based on LBL recommendation consistently laid smaller eggs, resulting in a lower egg mass (59.8 vs. 62.0 g egg/hen per day during PP, and 60.3 vs. 63.0 g egg/hen per day during post PP; < 0.05). Diets had no significant effect on feed intake and body weight ( > 0.05). The highest FCR during PP ( = 0.067) and post PP ( < 0.05) was recorded for the birds offered diets based on LBL recommendation. In conclusion, all four EAAP tested in this study support an above average egg production rate. However, the EAAP based on LBL models may potentially decrease the input feed cost per kilogram of eggs but are not set to optimise FCR and maximise egg mass.","PeriodicalId":8184,"journal":{"name":"Animal Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140182538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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