The present paper aims at examining the extent to which Moroccan cinema could establish a diasporic visual discourse that cements national identity and contests the impact of westernization on migrants. Moreover, through the analysis the way in which independent identities are constructed in the host land, the article tries to incorporate a feminist discourse to highlight the role of the female subject in retrieving its own agency by challenging patriarchal oppression. Therefore, we argue that Mohammed Ismail’s feature-length film Ici et là (Here and There) has partially succeeded in creating a space for its diasporic subjects to build up their own independent identities beyond the scope of westernization and patriarchy.
本文旨在研究摩洛哥电影在多大程度上可以建立一种流散的视觉话语，巩固民族认同，并质疑西方化对移民的影响。此外，本文试图通过对主体性身份建构方式的分析，结合女性主义话语，强调女性主体通过挑战男权压迫来找回自身能人的作用。因此，我们认为穆罕默德·伊斯梅尔的长片《Here and There》在一定程度上成功地为其流散的主体创造了一个空间，让他们在西方化和父权制的范围之外建立自己的独立身份。
{"title":"Diasporic and Gendered Identities in Moroccan Transnational Cinema: Mohammed Ismail’s Ici et là (Here and There)","authors":"Mouhcine El-Hajjami, Souad Slaoui","doi":"10.21523/GCJ2.18020104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21523/GCJ2.18020104","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims at examining the extent to which Moroccan cinema could establish a diasporic visual discourse that cements national identity and contests the impact of westernization on migrants. Moreover, through the analysis the way in which independent identities are constructed in the host land, the article tries to incorporate a feminist discourse to highlight the role of the female subject in retrieving its own agency by challenging patriarchal oppression. Therefore, we argue that Mohammed Ismail’s feature-length film Ici et là (Here and There) has partially succeeded in creating a space for its diasporic subjects to build up their own independent identities beyond the scope of westernization and patriarchy.","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76308051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moroccan women, like others in different parts of the world, contribute to the education of generations and the transmission of the oral heritage through tales, poems and proverbs riddles. They also uphold the physical heritage such as clothes, textile and jewellry. Since the intangible and oral heritage in Morocco varies from one area to another, focus will be put on the Imilchil area, where the festival of marriage is held. Women in this region play a key role in preserving the Amazigh cultural heritage. They are educators and models that guide the coming generations and reinforce their identity.
{"title":"Women’s preservation of Oral Culture in Imilchil: The Festival of Marriage as a Case Study","authors":"Siham Fadil","doi":"10.21523/GCJ2.18020103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21523/GCJ2.18020103","url":null,"abstract":"Moroccan women, like others in different parts of the world, contribute to the education of generations and the transmission of the oral heritage through tales, poems and proverbs riddles. They also uphold the physical heritage such as clothes, textile and jewellry. Since the intangible and oral heritage in Morocco varies from one area to another, focus will be put on the Imilchil area, where the festival of marriage is held. Women in this region play a key role in preserving the Amazigh cultural heritage. They are educators and models that guide the coming generations and reinforce their identity.","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86096834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present research paper is an attempt to provide a comprehensive account of the female characters in Joseph Conrad’s well-known novella Heart of Darkness. The real interest of this study lies in what Conrad has to say about female characters, conduct and also the way in which he projects them. Thus, I have here attempted to examine the female characters in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, to set these characters against their male counterparts, and so, to allow an increased awareness of the depiction of female characters as submissive, dominated by men, often deceived by others and with lack of their own identity. Clearly, it would be little short of a marathon task to do the study of all Conrad’s major fictions with feministic perspective, and so, this study limits its concern to his masterpiece novella such as Heart of Darkness
{"title":"The Women Characters in Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness","authors":"S. Gadekar","doi":"10.21523/GCJ2.18020102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21523/GCJ2.18020102","url":null,"abstract":"The present research paper is an attempt to provide a comprehensive account of the female characters in Joseph Conrad’s well-known novella Heart of Darkness. The real interest of this study lies in what Conrad has to say about female characters, conduct and also the way in which he projects them.\u0000\u0000 Thus, I have here attempted to examine the female characters in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, to set these characters against their male counterparts, and so, to allow an increased awareness of the depiction of female characters as submissive, dominated by men, often deceived by others and with lack of their own identity. Clearly, it would be little short of a marathon task to do the study of all Conrad’s major fictions with feministic perspective, and so, this study limits its concern to his masterpiece novella such as Heart of Darkness","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78260317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the story of the last female drifters in Iceland from the voices of women who remembered them. It examines the advantages of the woman-on-woman oral history interview when obtaining women’s perspectives on women’s history. An examination of women’s narrative techniques suggests that women’s narrative style is often consistent with a conversational style; and therefore it is important to construct a space in woman-on-woman oral history interviews that carries a sense of place for a conversation. It also examines the woman-on-woman oral history interview as a continuation of women’s oral tradition in Iceland, especially an oral tradition from medieval Iceland; called a narrative dance (ice. sagnadans). Lastly, it examines the shared features of the Icelandic #Metoo event stories and the Icelandic narrative dances, in relation to woman-on-woman oral history interviews.
{"title":"Drifting: Feminist Oral History and the Study of the Last Female Drifters in Iceland","authors":"Dalrún J. Eygerðardóttir","doi":"10.21523/GCJ2.18020101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21523/GCJ2.18020101","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the story of the last female drifters in Iceland from the voices of women who remembered them. It examines the advantages of the woman-on-woman oral history interview when obtaining women’s perspectives on women’s history. An examination of women’s narrative techniques suggests that women’s narrative style is often consistent with a conversational style; and therefore it is important to construct a space in woman-on-woman oral history interviews that carries a sense of place for a conversation. It also examines the woman-on-woman oral history interview as a continuation of women’s oral tradition in Iceland, especially an oral tradition from medieval Iceland; called a narrative dance (ice. sagnadans). Lastly, it examines the shared features of the Icelandic #Metoo event stories and the Icelandic narrative dances, in relation to woman-on-woman oral history interviews.","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85795626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Doing Time on the Outside: Deconstructing the Benevolent Community Madonna Maidment Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006; 188 pp. The 1990s and the early days of the new millennium seem to have ushered in an era in which women's incarceration became a key focus for criminological scholarship. In Canada alone, we saw the publication of An Ideal Prison (Hannah-Moffat and Shaw, 2000), Imprisoning Our Sisters (Hayman, 2006), and Punishment in Disguise (Hannah-Moffat, 2001). The timing comes as no surprise to those who saw the video-taped images of women being abused by prison staff at Kingston's federal Prison for Women. It was, in part, these tapes and the subsequent public outcry and public inquiry that motivated both penal reform for women, and increased feminist scholarship in the field. The subsequent rhetoric of reform promised healing and empowerment. Yet as the volumes noted above have argued, the reality has been dramatically different. Maidment's Doing Time on the Outside is similarly critical of the reform agenda. In fact, Maidment develops the argument that women offenders are subject to decidedly disempowering strategies of formal and informal social control outside the prison as well as in. In fact, their pathways to and from the prison gates are characterized by Maidment as inherently bound up with their experiences of transcarceration. Far from being a "benevolent jailer," the Canadian women's penal system is largely self-perpetuating. Following Foucault, Maidment sets herself the task of closely examining the disciplinary control of "criminalized" women inside and outside formal institutions of social control. She is concerned with the ways in which legal, medical, and "psy"-entific professions conspire to survey and constrain the options of women, especially once they have left the prison. In large part, this is accomplished through the creation of what Maidment refers to as "patterns of dependency, medicalization, and infantilization." The related processes of informal social control, especially at the local level, are often counterproductive, reproducing rather than reducing women's criminality. In contrast, Maidment finds that women fare better if they are encouraged to rely on informal networks. That is, interpersonal support networks appear to be far more conducive to successful community reintegration than any formalized or state mechanisms of social control. Maidment comes to these conclusions on the basis of her analysis of two data sources. The first really provides context for the second. This was a database of demographic data on all women sentenced to prison in Newfoundland and Labrador from 1990 to 2000 (n=359). The second, qualitative piece derives from her intensive interviews with 22 women, each of whom had more than four convictions. Consequently, the voices of these women enliven the pages of the text. Having set the stage with the usual reviews of relevant theoretical, methodological and substantive literatu
{"title":"Doing Time on the Outside: Deconstructing the Benevolent Community","authors":"Barbara Perry","doi":"10.5860/choice.44-6541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-6541","url":null,"abstract":"Doing Time on the Outside: Deconstructing the Benevolent Community Madonna Maidment Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2006; 188 pp. The 1990s and the early days of the new millennium seem to have ushered in an era in which women's incarceration became a key focus for criminological scholarship. In Canada alone, we saw the publication of An Ideal Prison (Hannah-Moffat and Shaw, 2000), Imprisoning Our Sisters (Hayman, 2006), and Punishment in Disguise (Hannah-Moffat, 2001). The timing comes as no surprise to those who saw the video-taped images of women being abused by prison staff at Kingston's federal Prison for Women. It was, in part, these tapes and the subsequent public outcry and public inquiry that motivated both penal reform for women, and increased feminist scholarship in the field. The subsequent rhetoric of reform promised healing and empowerment. Yet as the volumes noted above have argued, the reality has been dramatically different. Maidment's Doing Time on the Outside is similarly critical of the reform agenda. In fact, Maidment develops the argument that women offenders are subject to decidedly disempowering strategies of formal and informal social control outside the prison as well as in. In fact, their pathways to and from the prison gates are characterized by Maidment as inherently bound up with their experiences of transcarceration. Far from being a \"benevolent jailer,\" the Canadian women's penal system is largely self-perpetuating. Following Foucault, Maidment sets herself the task of closely examining the disciplinary control of \"criminalized\" women inside and outside formal institutions of social control. She is concerned with the ways in which legal, medical, and \"psy\"-entific professions conspire to survey and constrain the options of women, especially once they have left the prison. In large part, this is accomplished through the creation of what Maidment refers to as \"patterns of dependency, medicalization, and infantilization.\" The related processes of informal social control, especially at the local level, are often counterproductive, reproducing rather than reducing women's criminality. In contrast, Maidment finds that women fare better if they are encouraged to rely on informal networks. That is, interpersonal support networks appear to be far more conducive to successful community reintegration than any formalized or state mechanisms of social control. Maidment comes to these conclusions on the basis of her analysis of two data sources. The first really provides context for the second. This was a database of demographic data on all women sentenced to prison in Newfoundland and Labrador from 1990 to 2000 (n=359). The second, qualitative piece derives from her intensive interviews with 22 women, each of whom had more than four convictions. Consequently, the voices of these women enliven the pages of the text. Having set the stage with the usual reviews of relevant theoretical, methodological and substantive literatu","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"32 1","pages":"184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71116594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BECOMING BLACK: Creating Identity in the African Diaspora","authors":"M. Knight","doi":"10.5860/choice.42-0639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.42-0639","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"31 1","pages":"133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71102606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-03-22DOI: 10.1163/9789004441620_023
H. Bannerji
This paper discusses the violence against women and the genocide or "ethnic cleansing" of Muslim populations employed or encouraged by the State in India to uphold a Hindu way of life. It looks particularly at the massacres in Gujarat in 2002 and explores connections to nation-building by demographics. Various levels of government were complicit in the riots and murders demonstrating the role of national and international bodies in upholding ethnic nationalist hegemonies. (authors)
{"title":"Demography and Democracy: Reflections on Violence against Women in Genocide or Ethnic Cleansing","authors":"H. Bannerji","doi":"10.1163/9789004441620_023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004441620_023","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the violence against women and the genocide or \"ethnic cleansing\" of Muslim populations employed or encouraged by the State in India to uphold a Hindu way of life. It looks particularly at the massacres in Gujarat in 2002 and explores connections to nation-building by demographics. Various levels of government were complicit in the riots and murders demonstrating the role of national and international bodies in upholding ethnic nationalist hegemonies. (authors)","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"30 1","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64562386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NARRATIVES AT WORK: Women, Men, Unionization, and the Fashioning of Identities Linda K. Cullum St. John's: Institute of Social and Economic Research, 2003; 383 pp. How is it that we construct our identities when we are telling stories about our past? As qualitative researchers, what assumptions do we make about what and how people tell us about their lives? Narratives at Work: Women, Men, Unionization and the Fashioning of Identities by Linda Cullum is a carefully detailed exploration of these questions through an investigation into how gender, race and class were (re)produced in the Job Brothers fish and blueberry processing factory in St. John's, Newfoundland. This accessible book is an excellent resource for feminist qualitative researchers. The initial goal of Cullum's research was to recover "the story" of the formation of the Ladies' Cold Storage Workers Union (LCSWU) in 1948, the first all-woman union in Newfoundland. As the author began interviewing the workers ("the narrators") about the union, she was struck by the wide variety of responses, both between their stories and within individual accounts of the work at Job Brothers. The stories that the narrators told did not neatly fit into coherent themes. Some women told stories that showed the LCSWU to be a significant part of their work experience while other women could not recall anything about the union at all. Other women told stories that revealed a shifting, sometimes contradictory, experience of the union. As a result, Cullum shifted her focus to documenting and analyzing the production of meaning and identity formation. To investigate these emerging issues from the interviews, she adopted a feminist poststructuralist theoretical framework where "language is not privileged as a transparent tool, reflecting social reality and giving unmediated access to a "real", fixed and knowable world" (p. 28). The purpose of this research was not to discover the "truth" about work processes at Job Brothers or the formation of the union. Rather, it was an exploration of how identities and social relations are actively created in and through discourse. Cullum's approach was to make the data analysis process transparent to the reader. At the beginning of the book, Cullum remarks that data analysis is "seldom clearly explicated in published studies" (p. 23). Using the setting of the fish and blueberry processing plant, Cullum explicitly names, discusses and highlights the process of data analysis. She addresses difficulties such as locating people to interview, dealing with people who were unwilling to be interviewed, and interpreting interview data. …
{"title":"NARRATIVES AT WORK: Women, Men, Unionization, and the Fashioning of Identities","authors":"Linda K. Cullum, Bonnie Slade","doi":"10.2307/25149513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/25149513","url":null,"abstract":"NARRATIVES AT WORK: Women, Men, Unionization, and the Fashioning of Identities Linda K. Cullum St. John's: Institute of Social and Economic Research, 2003; 383 pp. How is it that we construct our identities when we are telling stories about our past? As qualitative researchers, what assumptions do we make about what and how people tell us about their lives? Narratives at Work: Women, Men, Unionization and the Fashioning of Identities by Linda Cullum is a carefully detailed exploration of these questions through an investigation into how gender, race and class were (re)produced in the Job Brothers fish and blueberry processing factory in St. John's, Newfoundland. This accessible book is an excellent resource for feminist qualitative researchers. The initial goal of Cullum's research was to recover \"the story\" of the formation of the Ladies' Cold Storage Workers Union (LCSWU) in 1948, the first all-woman union in Newfoundland. As the author began interviewing the workers (\"the narrators\") about the union, she was struck by the wide variety of responses, both between their stories and within individual accounts of the work at Job Brothers. The stories that the narrators told did not neatly fit into coherent themes. Some women told stories that showed the LCSWU to be a significant part of their work experience while other women could not recall anything about the union at all. Other women told stories that revealed a shifting, sometimes contradictory, experience of the union. As a result, Cullum shifted her focus to documenting and analyzing the production of meaning and identity formation. To investigate these emerging issues from the interviews, she adopted a feminist poststructuralist theoretical framework where \"language is not privileged as a transparent tool, reflecting social reality and giving unmediated access to a \"real\", fixed and knowable world\" (p. 28). The purpose of this research was not to discover the \"truth\" about work processes at Job Brothers or the formation of the union. Rather, it was an exploration of how identities and social relations are actively created in and through discourse. Cullum's approach was to make the data analysis process transparent to the reader. At the beginning of the book, Cullum remarks that data analysis is \"seldom clearly explicated in published studies\" (p. 23). Using the setting of the fish and blueberry processing plant, Cullum explicitly names, discusses and highlights the process of data analysis. She addresses difficulties such as locating people to interview, dealing with people who were unwilling to be interviewed, and interpreting interview data. …","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"38 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/25149513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68818808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruth WoodfieldCambridge, UK/New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000; 209 pp.Reviewed by Barbara CrowCommunications StudiesYork UniversityToronto, OntarioWhy haven't we seen more research on computer scientists who are women? Feminist research on computers, computer science and digital technology has focussed either on women's methods of communication and representation and/or on women's working conditions in the global economy. Overall, despite widespread claims that computers, digital technology and its attendant "new economy" will be liberating, in the basic research, much less the feminist research, analyzing its effects on women has been scarce. Thankfully, Ruth Woodfield's book, Women, Work and Computing, begins to move into this space.Woodfield's study begins with a review of the various hypotheses surrounding women's participation in the field of computer science. She highlights two of these hypotheses. The first argues that men/masculinity have colonized this field in recognition of its economic benefits and accompanying powers. The second concerns "the symbolic returns computers offer when taken up as signifiers of certain crucial aspects of modern masculinity. High-tech culture...operates in the self-same way that other areas of science and technology have served masculinities"(p. 25). Despite these hypotheses, Woodfield argues for another set of expectations regarding women's increased participation in computer science: that the culture surrounding the development of computing and its attendant culture needs skills that have been traditionally defined as "feminine," and that the industry needs a "hybrid worker" (p. 35). A "hybrid worker" is ideally someone who can integrate both computer literacy and communication skills. In order to assess this hypothesis, Woodfield selects a unique research and development unit of a high-tech workplace to examine women's and men's paid work relations as software and hardware developers in a progressive UK computing firm, Softech.Softech is located outside London and employs 126 individuals in the Research and Development unit. Woodfield spent 18 months there, and had unprecedented access to the staff and company materials. This particular company has been very successful in not following standard business practices and prides itself for thinking "outside of the box." Softech's corporate goals and conduct range from "attract[ing] and retain[ing] high-quality staff," "progress and business innovation are achieved through respect for the individual," and "the company fosters a climate in which the initiative[s] and talents of the staff can flourish" (p. …
英国剑桥/纽约:剑桥大学出版社，2000;约克大学通信研究，多伦多，安大略为什么我们没有看到更多关于女性计算机科学家的研究?计算机、计算机科学和数字技术领域的女权主义研究要么关注女性的沟通和表达方式，要么关注女性在全球经济中的工作条件。总的来说，尽管人们普遍认为计算机、数字技术及其伴随的“新经济”将带来解放，但在基础研究中，更不用说在女权主义研究中，对其对女性影响的分析却很少。值得庆幸的是，露丝·伍德菲尔德(Ruth Woodfield)的书《女性、工作和计算机》(Women, Work and Computing)开始进入这个领域。伍德菲尔德的研究首先回顾了围绕女性参与计算机科学领域的各种假设。她强调了其中两个假设。第一种观点认为，男性/男子气概已经殖民了这一领域，以承认其经济利益和随之而来的权力。第二个问题是“当电脑被用作现代男性气概某些关键方面的能指时，它所提供的象征性回报”。高科技文化……其运作方式与其他科学和技术领域为男性服务的方式相同。25)。尽管有这些假设，伍德菲尔德还是提出了另一组关于女性越来越多地参与计算机科学的期望:围绕计算机发展的文化及其伴随的文化需要传统上被定义为“女性化”的技能，并且该行业需要“混合型工人”(第35页)。理想的“混合型员工”是既能掌握计算机知识又能掌握沟通技巧的人。为了评估这一假设，伍德菲尔德选择了一个高科技工作场所的独特研发单位，在一家进步的英国计算机公司Softech中，研究了作为软件和硬件开发人员的女性和男性的有偿工作关系。Softech位于伦敦郊外，研发部门有126名员工。伍德菲尔德在那里待了18个月，前所未有地接触到了员工和公司资料。这家特殊的公司在不遵循标准的商业惯例方面非常成功，并以“跳出框框”的思维而自豪。软科的企业目标和行为包括“吸引和留住高素质的员工”，“通过尊重个人来实现进步和业务创新”，以及“公司营造一种氛围，使员工的主动性和才能得以发挥”(. ...页)
{"title":"Women, Work and Computing","authors":"Ruth Woodfield, Barbara Crow","doi":"10.2307/3089577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3089577","url":null,"abstract":"Ruth WoodfieldCambridge, UK/New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000; 209 pp.Reviewed by Barbara CrowCommunications StudiesYork UniversityToronto, OntarioWhy haven't we seen more research on computer scientists who are women? Feminist research on computers, computer science and digital technology has focussed either on women's methods of communication and representation and/or on women's working conditions in the global economy. Overall, despite widespread claims that computers, digital technology and its attendant \"new economy\" will be liberating, in the basic research, much less the feminist research, analyzing its effects on women has been scarce. Thankfully, Ruth Woodfield's book, Women, Work and Computing, begins to move into this space.Woodfield's study begins with a review of the various hypotheses surrounding women's participation in the field of computer science. She highlights two of these hypotheses. The first argues that men/masculinity have colonized this field in recognition of its economic benefits and accompanying powers. The second concerns \"the symbolic returns computers offer when taken up as signifiers of certain crucial aspects of modern masculinity. High-tech culture...operates in the self-same way that other areas of science and technology have served masculinities\"(p. 25). Despite these hypotheses, Woodfield argues for another set of expectations regarding women's increased participation in computer science: that the culture surrounding the development of computing and its attendant culture needs skills that have been traditionally defined as \"feminine,\" and that the industry needs a \"hybrid worker\" (p. 35). A \"hybrid worker\" is ideally someone who can integrate both computer literacy and communication skills. In order to assess this hypothesis, Woodfield selects a unique research and development unit of a high-tech workplace to examine women's and men's paid work relations as software and hardware developers in a progressive UK computing firm, Softech.Softech is located outside London and employs 126 individuals in the Research and Development unit. Woodfield spent 18 months there, and had unprecedented access to the staff and company materials. This particular company has been very successful in not following standard business practices and prides itself for thinking \"outside of the box.\" Softech's corporate goals and conduct range from \"attract[ing] and retain[ing] high-quality staff,\" \"progress and business innovation are achieved through respect for the individual,\" and \"the company fosters a climate in which the initiative[s] and talents of the staff can flourish\" (p. …","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"30 1","pages":"158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3089577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68734031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In .Punishment in Disguise., Kelly Hannah-Moffat presents a look at some current forms of penal governance in Canadian federal women's prisons. Hannah-Moffat uses women's imprisonment to theorize the complexity of penal power and to show how the meaning and content of women's penal governance changes over time, how penal reform strategies intersect and evolve into complex patterns of governing, how governing is always gendered and racialized, and how expert, non-expert, and hybrid forms of power and knowledge inform penal strategies. The author posits that although there has been a series of distinct phases in the imprisonment of women, the prison system itself, given its primary functions of custody and punishment, is consistent in thwarting attempts at progressive reform. While each distinct phase has its own corresponding ideology and discourse, the individual discourses have internal complexities and contradictions, which have not been adequately recognized in the general literature on penology. Avoiding universal and reductionist claims about women's oppression, Hannah-Moffat argues that relations of power are complex and fractured and that there is a need to explore the specific elements of institutional power relations. Backed by solid research, .Punishment in Disguise. makes a strong contribution to criminology and feminist theory by providing an alternative approach to analysing the governance of women by other women and by the state.
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