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A Geo-Medical Study of Low Back Pain Associated With Risk Factors Reported among Female School Teachers of Srinagar District, Jammu and Kashmir, India 印度查谟和克什米尔斯利那加地区女学校教师腰痛与危险因素的地理医学研究
Aisha Dev, M. Ganaie, Ishtiaq A. Mayer, Harmeet Singh, Afshan Nabi
Low Back Pain (LBP) is considered one of the most frequently reported causes of visits to healthcare establishments. In India, the prevalence of LBP is alarming with approximately 60% of people suffering from LBP. It has been observed that most people have experienced back discomfort at least once in their lives. Globally, LBP features amongst work-related disorders as a frequently prevailing issue in occupational settings. In the Indian scenario, the prevalence of LBP is generally found to be gender-specific. Females are reported to suffer more from LBP than males in the same working environment. Recent research suggests that school teachers exhibit a higher prevalence of LBP issues. Therefore, the present study focuses on enquiring about the occurrence of LBP and understanding the associated risk factors among female teachers. Simple random sampling is used to identify schools in 5 urban units of the Srinagar district. Binary logistic regression is employed to identify the risk factors, both at the workplace and at home. Married females (58.33 %) complained of LBP more than unmarried ones. At the workplace, prolonged standing (40%) was the most common self-reported risk factor for LBP. In general, prolonged standing, teaching hours, and mental health were found to be the three statistically significant risk factors contributing to LBP at the workplace. Amongst all the activities at home, domestic chores carried out by females (married and unmarried both) were the highest self-reported risk factor (78%), married women at 82.14% and unmarried women at 75.9%. The same was found statistically significant along with the additional factor being professional work done at home. The study establishes the need for a comprehensive strategy and preventive interventions in lowering the prevalence of LBP disability, especially among teachers, given the immense role they play in shaping our society.
腰痛(LBP)被认为是访问医疗机构的最常见的报告原因之一。在印度,腰痛的患病率令人震惊,大约60%的人患有腰痛。据观察,大多数人一生中至少经历过一次背部不适。在全球范围内,腰痛是与工作相关的疾病之一,是职业环境中常见的问题。在印度的情况下,通常发现腰痛的患病率是性别特异性的。据报道,在相同的工作环境中,女性比男性更容易患下腰痛。最近的研究表明,学校教师表现出更高的LBP问题患病率。因此,本研究的重点是调查女教师腰痛的发生情况,了解其相关危险因素。采用简单随机抽样来确定斯利那加地区5个城市单位的学校。采用二元逻辑回归来确定工作场所和家庭的危险因素。已婚女性(58.33%)比未婚女性更常抱怨腰痛。在工作场所,长时间站立(40%)是腰痛最常见的自我报告风险因素。总的来说,长时间站立、教学时间和心理健康被发现是导致工作场所腰痛的三个具有统计学意义的危险因素。在所有家庭活动中,女性(已婚和未婚)从事的家务劳动是自我报告的最高风险因素(78%),已婚妇女占82.14%,未婚妇女占75.9%。在统计上也发现了同样的显著性,另外一个因素是在家完成专业工作。鉴于教师在塑造我们的社会中扮演着巨大的角色,该研究确定了需要一个全面的策略和预防性干预措施来降低LBP残疾的患病率,特别是在教师中。
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引用次数: 0
A Postmodern Theorization of Islamic Feminism: Constructing Alternative Discourses of Difference and Plurality 伊斯兰女性主义的后现代理论化:建构差异性与多元性的另类话语
Manal Dao-Sabah
This article aims at studying how Islamic feminism has enriched and pluralized feminist research through underscoring its particularity and ability to address the Muslim woman’s quest for equality based on the Islamic referentiality and away from the Universalist feminist discourse. Thus, this paper argues that Islamic feminists draw their agency first from devising female-inclusive hermeneutics of the Islamic foundational texts which enables them to deconstruct the canonized dominant religious patriarchal discourses and second from manifesting the ability to depart from the mainstream Western feminism. I use the postmodernism ‒especially the features of the waning of affect and the weakening of the role of public history‒ to explore Islamic feminism’s heterogeneous alternative approaches to the sacred texts and the Muslim woman’s empowerment. This paper finds out that Islamic feminism is itself endowed with plurality and difference as it utilizes diversified approaches.
本文旨在研究伊斯兰女权主义如何通过强调其特殊性和能力来丰富和多元化女权主义研究,以伊斯兰的参考性为基础,远离普遍主义的女权主义话语,解决穆斯林妇女对平等的追求。因此,本文认为,伊斯兰女权主义者首先从设计伊斯兰基础文本的女性包容性解释学中获得她们的代理,这使她们能够解构被册封的占主导地位的宗教父权话语,其次从表现出脱离主流西方女权主义的能力中获得代理。我利用后现代主义——尤其是情感的减弱和公共历史角色的弱化——来探索伊斯兰女权主义对神圣文本和穆斯林妇女赋权的异质替代方法。本文发现,伊斯兰女性主义由于运用了多元化的途径,本身就具有多元性和差异性。
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引用次数: 0
Eroticizing Femininity: Women as Objects of the Male Gaze in Abdelkader Lagtaâ’s A Love Affair in Casablanca 色情化的女性特质:在阿卜杜勒卡迪尔·拉格塔<e:2>的《卡萨布兰卡的爱情》中女性作为男性凝视的对象
Mouhcine El-Hajjami
This article aims to interrogate the portrayal of the female body and the sexual politics of the male gaze in ‘Abdelkader Lagtaâ’s A Love Affair in Casablanca’. It argues that the cinematic discourse that contests patriarchal hegemony through liberating the female body objectifies and fragments women’s identity. Hence, the erotic representation of the women characters in Lagtaâ’s film empowers patriarchal hegemony by gratifying male heterosexual desires. Therefore, this article analyzes and examines the film’s text and iconography to examine how Lagtaâ contradicts his liberal attitudes vis-à-vis the emancipation of women from the suppressive sways of patriarchy. Additionally, his commercial film approach stimulates the pleasure in looking and reinforces the subjugation of women. Therefore, although the film director has tried to give the main female character a central role within the film narrative, he could not go beyond the representational politics of defamation against femininity and gender identity.
本文旨在探讨《卡萨布兰卡的爱情》中女性身体的塑造和男性凝视的性政治。认为通过解放女性身体来对抗男权霸权的电影话语是对女性身份的物化和碎片化。因此,lagta电影中女性角色的色情表现通过满足男性异性恋欲望而赋予了父权霸权。因此,本文分析和考察了电影的文本和图像,以考察lagta如何与他对-à-vis妇女从父权制的压迫中解放出来的自由主义态度相矛盾。此外,他的商业电影手法刺激了观看的乐趣,并加强了对女性的征服。因此,虽然电影导演试图让女主角在电影叙事中占据中心地位,但他无法超越对女性气质和性别认同的诽谤的代表性政治。
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引用次数: 0
Education, Illiteracy and Women in Rural Morocco: Case Study of Taounate Province 摩洛哥农村的教育、文盲和妇女:陶纳特省个案研究
Latifa HAFDI IDRISSI
In an attempt to shed light on the general situation of rural women and girls, this article makes a part of an investigation carried out in a rural area of Morocco. The survey revolves around studying of the situation of rural women and girls in the province of Taounate. It has been built on fieldwork that was accomplished in three villages of the province. The study looks through the reasons why illiteracy is still at its height amongst females in these areas, despite various literacy campaigns conducted in the province; remarkably after the launching of the National Initiative for Human Development (NIHD) on the 18th of May 2005. Actually, there is a multitude of reasons leading to girls’ non-schooling in rural zones. It has been demonstrated that poverty, often declared to be behind this issue, should not be seen the main reason but other factors.
为了阐明农村妇女和女孩的一般情况,本文是在摩洛哥农村地区进行的一项调查的一部分。这项调查围绕着对陶纳特省农村妇女和女童状况的研究展开。它是在该省三个村庄完成的实地工作的基础上建立起来的。该研究分析了这些地区的女性文盲率居高不下的原因,尽管该省开展了各种扫盲运动;特别是在2005年5月18日启动国家人类发展倡议(NIHD)之后。事实上,导致农村女孩不上学的原因有很多。事实证明,经常被认为是造成这一问题的原因的贫穷,不应被视为主要原因,而应被视为其他因素。
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引用次数: 1
Orientalizing Arab Migrant Women: Faten and Reema as Sexual Fantasies in Laila Lalami’s Hope and Other Dangerous Pursuits and Susan Muaddi Darraj’s The Inheritance of Exile 阿拉伯移民妇女的东方化:在莱拉·拉拉米的《希望与其他危险的追求》和苏珊·穆阿迪·达拉杰的《流亡的继承》中,Faten和Reema是性幻想
Rachid Lamghari
The orientalist discourse is characterized by the discursive conceptualization of an uncivilized and sexualized east. Eastern women are portrayed as sexual objects and fantasies whose purpose is the satisfaction and obedience of the brown men. This discursive representation has affected the Westerner’s perception of migrant women as the novels suggest. This article probes the sexualizing and objectifying of Arab migrant women as a result of their ideological representation by the orientalists in the context of diaspora. Faten in Hope and Other Dangerous Pursuits as a Moroccan female migrant in Spain and Reema in The Inheritance of Exile as an American of Arab descent are perceived by the Spanish customer and American boyfriend respectively as harem and sexual objects who can fulfill their fantasies. The agency Lalami and Darraj associate with their female protagonists does however dismantle the fixed representation of orientalism as Faten and Reema are given voice to rewrite the discursive narratives and to present alternative representations of Arab female migrants as being heterogeneous and independent individuals with freedom and control over their choices and decisions. The two studied novels as postcolonial diasporic literature disrupts and debunks the discursive orientalist discourse on Arab women.
东方主义话语的特点是对一个未开化和性化的东方的话语概念化。东方女性被描绘成性对象和性幻想,其目的是满足和服从棕色男人。正如小说所暗示的那样,这种话语表现影响了西方人对移民妇女的看法。本文探讨了东方学家在散居背景下对阿拉伯移民妇女的意识形态再现所导致的性化和物化。在《希望与其他危险的追求》中,法特恩作为一名摩洛哥女性移民到西班牙,而在《流亡的继承》中,Reema作为一名阿拉伯裔美国人,分别被西班牙顾客和美国男友视为后嗣和性对象,可以满足他们的幻想。然而,Lalami和Darraj与她们的女性主人公联系在一起的机构确实拆除了东方主义的固定代表,因为Faten和Reema被赋予了重写话语叙事的声音,并呈现了阿拉伯女性移民的另一种代表,作为异类和独立的个体,拥有自由和控制自己的选择和决定。这两位作家将小说视为后殖民流散文学,它们颠覆并揭露了关于阿拉伯女性的东方主义话语。
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引用次数: 0
Feminist Daughters with Military Fathers: The Forgotten Legacy of Rural Berber Men 有军人父亲的女权主义女儿:柏柏尔农村男人被遗忘的遗产
Bochra Laghssais
The book under review ‘Feminist Daughters with Military Fathers: The Forgotten Legacy of Rural Berber Men’ by Fatima Sadiqi is a tribute to the author’s military father and his service to the Moroccan French and Moroccan military. The book also covers various themes such as military sociology, gender and culture throughout five chapters such as in chapter one about a biography of sadiqi’s Mouhamd ou Lahcen (around 1919-2005) a rural, illiterate, self-made Berber man who served in the French army before joining the Moroccan army after independence in 1956. Chapter two is dedicated to the sociology of the military. Chapter three offers an understanding of the intersection between gender and the military and also highlights the important role of Moroccan women in the national struggle for independence. Chapter four examines the nature of the Moroccan Military institution and its history. Chapter five contains life stories and experiences of twenty-five Moroccan Feminist leaders in various fields. Journalists, university professors, medical doctors, and writers that are of Sadiqi’s generation who have similar backgrounds being “daughter of military fathers” and “often share rural background”.
法蒂玛·萨迪奇(Fatima Sadiqi)的书《与军人父亲在一起的女权主义女儿:柏柏尔农村男人被遗忘的遗产》(Feminist Daughters with Military Fathers: The Forgotten of Rural Berber Men)是对作者的军人父亲以及他为摩洛哥、法国和摩洛哥军队服务的致敬。这本书还涵盖了军事社会学、性别和文化等各种主题,共分五章,比如第一章是关于萨迪奇的穆罕默德·欧·拉辛(1919-2005年左右)的传记。拉辛是一名农村文盲,白手起家的柏柏尔人,1956年摩洛哥独立后加入了摩洛哥军队,之前曾在法国军队服役。第二章专门讨论军事社会学。第三章提供了对性别与军事之间的交集的理解,并强调了摩洛哥妇女在争取民族独立的斗争中的重要作用。第四章考察了摩洛哥军事机构的性质及其历史。第五章是25位摩洛哥女性主义领袖在不同领域的生活故事和经历。记者、大学教授、医生和作家都是Sadiqi的同代人,他们有着相似的背景,都是“军人父亲的女儿”和“经常分享农村背景”。
{"title":"Feminist Daughters with Military Fathers: The Forgotten Legacy of Rural Berber Men","authors":"Bochra Laghssais","doi":"10.21523/gcj2.22060105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21523/gcj2.22060105","url":null,"abstract":"The book under review ‘Feminist Daughters with Military Fathers: The Forgotten Legacy of Rural Berber Men’ by Fatima Sadiqi is a tribute to the author’s military father and his service to the Moroccan French and Moroccan military. The book also covers various themes such as military sociology, gender and culture throughout five chapters such as in chapter one about a biography of sadiqi’s Mouhamd ou Lahcen (around 1919-2005) a rural, illiterate, self-made Berber man who served in the French army before joining the Moroccan army after independence in 1956. Chapter two is dedicated to the sociology of the military. Chapter three offers an understanding of the intersection between gender and the military and also highlights the important role of Moroccan women in the national struggle for independence. Chapter four examines the nature of the Moroccan Military institution and its history. Chapter five contains life stories and experiences of twenty-five Moroccan Feminist leaders in various fields. Journalists, university professors, medical doctors, and writers that are of Sadiqi’s generation who have similar backgrounds being “daughter of military fathers” and “often share rural background”.","PeriodicalId":82477,"journal":{"name":"Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75572569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“A Whiff Like the Effect of Butterflies at the End of the Earth”1 : Esthetics of Linguistic Discourse in the Poems of Arab Poetesses as Mirrors of Liberation and Influence “一种像蝴蝶在地球尽头的效果”1:阿拉伯女诗人诗歌中的语言话语美学作为解放和影响的镜子
Aida Fahmawi Watad
Many female Arab writers have chosen poetry as the most efficient and esthetically most gratifying medium for expressing the discourse of liberation and influence that they are leading. The present paper discusses the new poetic devices adopted by various women poets, from the use of shocking titles to the creation of unusual devices for communication between reader and poem. In this study, we focus on three poems by three women poets and compare the role that verbal esthetics play in promoting the concept of liberation and influence in them. The first poem is ‘Taḥaddin’ (Challenge) by the Algerian poet Aḥlām Mustaghāminī (b. 1942). In it, language appears as an instrument for a discourse of liberation in face of great challenges: politics, society, the writer herself. The poet uses such traditional devices as harmonizing intertexuality and functional rhyme to construct her vision. The Iraqi poet Wafā Abd al-Razzāq (b. 1952) in her ‘Waqfāt’ (Pauses) takes symbols out of their usual context and deprives them of their evocative power in the reader’s mind, enabling her to use them to create images of her own vision of women composers of poetry. Maysūn Ṣaqr (b. 1958) of the United Arab Emirates expresses redemption through the act of writing by using meta-linguistic esthetic constructions such as écart, contrasting intertextuality and enjambement that shatter the meaning. All three poems use devices that are similar to those used by male Arab poets in modern times, the poetesses have succeeded in giving these devices a feminine coat unique to them. The difference lies in the mode of their use: 1) clearly hearing the feminine first person, 2) allusions to children’s voices, masks and stories, and 3) biographical tales whose protagonists are women, all of which are rarely to be found in the writings of male poets.
许多阿拉伯女性作家选择诗歌作为最有效的,美学上最令人满意的媒介来表达她们所领导的解放话语和影响力。本文探讨了历代女诗人在诗歌创作中所采用的新诗手段,从令人震惊的标题的使用到不同寻常的读者与诗歌交流手段的创造。本文以三位女诗人的三首诗为研究对象,比较语言美学对解放观念的推动作用和影响。第一首诗是阿尔及利亚诗人Aḥlām Mustaghāminī(生于1942年)的“Taḥaddin”(挑战)。在这本书中,面对政治、社会和作家自身的巨大挑战,语言作为一种解放话语的工具出现。诗人运用调和互文性和功能韵等传统手法来建构她的视觉。伊拉克诗人瓦瓦伊·阿布德al-Razzāq(生于1952年)在她的《Waqfāt》(停顿)中把符号从它们通常的语境中剥离出来,剥夺了它们在读者心中的唤起力,使她能够用它们来创造她自己对女性诗歌作曲家的看法。阿拉伯联合酋长国的Maysūn Ṣaqr (b. 1958)通过使用元语言的美学结构,如,对比互文性和束缚等,粉碎了意义,通过写作行为表达了救赎。这三首诗都使用了类似于现代阿拉伯男性诗人使用的手法,这些女诗人成功地为这些手法披上了一层独特的女性外衣。区别在于它们的使用方式:1)清晰地听到女性的第一人称;2)对儿童声音、面具和故事的典故;3)以女性为主角的传记故事,所有这些在男性诗人的作品中都很少发现。
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引用次数: 0
Insights on the Practice of Hysterectomy among the Women Sugarcane Cutters in Maharashtra (India) 印度马哈拉施特拉邦甘蔗女工子宫切除术的实践体会
Saroj Shinde, Bal Rakshase
An issue of hysterectomy among the women sugarcane cutters in Maharashtra, India, was on the board of discussion in the year 2019. Women migrate every year to the sugar belt to harvest the sugarcane. There are different arguments and questions about this evil practice of hysterectomy. The present paper highlights the possible reasons for hysterectomies among women sugarcane cutters by analyzing the experiences of women with hysterectomies. It also illuminates the nature of work, ignorance of sugar factories, and health services towards the unique needs of women sugarcane cutters after their migration. This paper argues that the unfavorable circumstances in sugarcane cutting make women look after hysterectomy as an option to get rid of the pain during menstruation and work without interruption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for sugar factories and public health services to recognize their responsibilities towards this population group to stop the evil practice of removing the uterus.
2019年,印度马哈拉施特拉邦(Maharashtra)甘蔗切割女工的子宫切除问题被提上了讨论委员会。妇女们每年都迁徙到甘蔗带收割甘蔗。关于子宫切除术这种邪恶的做法有不同的争论和质疑。本文通过对甘蔗切割女工子宫切除经验的分析,重点分析了子宫切除的可能原因。它还阐明了工作的性质、对制糖厂的无知以及针对移徙后妇女甘蔗切割工人的独特需求的保健服务。本文认为,甘蔗采伐的不利环境,使妇女将子宫切除作为一种摆脱经期疼痛和不间断工作的选择。因此,糖厂和公共卫生部门迫切需要认识到它们对这一人口群体的责任,以制止摘除子宫的邪恶做法。
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引用次数: 1
Economic Perspectives on Violence Against Women During COVID-19 Crisis: A Case Study of Bihar 2019冠状病毒病危机期间暴力侵害妇女行为的经济学视角:以比哈尔邦为例
P. Tripathi, P. Dwivedi, Sheo Rama, Shreya Sharma
The present study is an attempt to underline the economic aspects responsible for the rise in the cases of domestic violence against women especially in during COVID-19 crisis. The issue of domestic violence, especially in India has mostly been studied from a social and cultural perspective. There are several researchers who have highlighted the ill impact on women’s health (mental and physical) due to the obnoxious treatment they are subjected to at home. However, there has been not much focus on empirical work to study economic dimensions of domestic violence. The study aims to uncover the plausible economic causes and the probable economic consequences of domestic abuse against women in Bihar during the Covid-19 health crisis in 2020-2021.
本研究旨在强调经济方面导致针对妇女的家庭暴力案件增加,特别是在2019冠状病毒病危机期间。家庭暴力问题,特别是在印度,大多是从社会和文化的角度来研究的。有几位研究人员强调,由于她们在家中受到令人讨厌的待遇,对妇女的健康(精神和身体)产生了不良影响。然而,对家庭暴力的经济维度进行实证研究的工作并不多见。该研究旨在揭示2020-2021年2019冠状病毒病健康危机期间比哈尔邦妇女遭受家庭虐待的合理经济原因和可能的经济后果。
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引用次数: 0
Muslim Marriages in Accra, Ghana: A Perspective on Minority/Majority Relations, Gender, and Social Mobility 加纳阿克拉的穆斯林婚姻:少数/多数关系、性别和社会流动的视角
Fulera Issaka-Toure
Muslims in Ghana form a significant minority of nearly eighteen percent of the total population of over twenty-five million people. Out of this number exists a small minority of Shi’i Muslims among the dominant Sunni group. This article considers marriage practices between the minority Shi’i and majority Sunni groups with relevance to gender and social mobility. Relying on field data gathered between 2014 and 2020 through interviews, informal conversations as well as the usage of an informant, the article demonstrates how the minority situates itself in relation to the majority group with respect to marriage as a social practice. The article argues that the minority negotiates its space within the context of the majority with respect to continuing and sustaining some traditions while placing some other practices into a contextual perspective. Furthermore, the article contends that mobility takes place in the lives of both men and women; however, Muslim men have some advantage over Muslim women.
穆斯林在加纳占少数,占总人口2500多万的近18%。在这些人中,在占主导地位的逊尼派群体中存在着一小部分什叶派穆斯林。本文考虑少数派什叶派和多数派逊尼派之间的婚姻习俗与性别和社会流动性的关系。根据2014年至2020年期间通过访谈、非正式谈话以及线人的使用收集的实地数据,本文展示了少数群体如何将自己定位于与多数群体有关的婚姻作为一种社会实践。这篇文章认为,少数人在多数人的背景下协商自己的空间,以继续和维持一些传统,同时将其他一些做法置于上下文视角中。此外,文章认为流动性在男性和女性的生活中都存在;然而,穆斯林男性比穆斯林女性有一些优势。
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引用次数: 0
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Resources for feminist research : RFR = Documentation sur la recherche feministe : DRF
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