Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

The 22nd International Congress of Nutrition (ICN) was organized under the auspices of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS) and was celebrated Japan, December 6-11, 2022. The IUNS-ICN is a four-yearly meeting that has been held since 1946. The 2022 IUNS- ICN edition has been conjointly organized by the Japan society of Nutrition and Food Science, The Japanese Society of Nutrition and Dietetics and the IUNS Council with the integrative collaboration of the Organizing, Scientific and Executive Committees under the motto "The Power of Nutrition: for the smiles of 10 billion people". The aim of this IUNS 22nd ICN was to promote the global exchange of knowledge in Nutritional Sciences and to encourage communications well as capacity building. The scientific program comprised 2 Opening Lectures, 8 Plenary Lectures, 32 Special Lectures, 8 Special Symposia, 124 Symposia and 2 Panel Discussions and 1 Closing Lecture. The congress focused on every aspect of nutrition issues, going through a wide variety of topics, which were dealt with from different perspectives in order to enrich our attendees' points of view. Let us mention the tracks of the developed program: Advances in Nutrition Research, Nutrients and Nutritional Assessment, Nutrition Through Life Course, Nutrition and Management of Diseases, Food Culture Practices and Nutrition Education, Public Health Nutrition and Environment, Functional Foods and Bioactive Compounds, Agriculture, Food Science and Safety, Additional Global Nutritional The main goal was to offer a high-level scientific meeting focused on addressing the key aspects of nutrition in a multicultural environment, from state-of-the-art reviews to cutting edge nutritional science information. Sessions are planned to deliver latest investigations and outcomes concerning the impact of nutrition on homeostasis and body metabolism, on dietary intake and nutritional status of the population and the individual for precision nutrition as well on the role of dietary prescriptions in disease management and prevention. Translational research orientated to design and implement strategies and approaches to change dietary behaviors and to develop policies, as well as aspects related to public health issues, Nutrition Education and Climate Change, or Food and Agriculture for Health Maintenance, were included in the program. Eight plenary sessions framed the program with eminent speakers covering all health aspects in the life cycle with integrative views on food security. The present supplement accounts for 1798 abstracts from 97 countries, including the summaries of more than 500 selected guest speakers participating in the scientific symposia.

The following document is dedicated to compiling the abstracts of the communications and lectures of the FINUT 2022 Conference. The document comprises 111 abstracts of the guest speakers participating in the scientific symposia and special lectures and more than 230 abstracts for oral and poster communications, representing more than 20 countries. FINUT Conferences seek to open a place for contrasted science shared by the Ibero-American region, a necessary space to open opportunities and to display the research work done in Food and Nutrition. The main objective of the FINUT 2022 Conference is to create a space for the exchange and discussion of ideas related to the main challenges of Food and Nutrition in Iberoamerica, in order to offer solutions aimed at improving the health status of populations, taking into account the impact of social inequalities in the region. The scientific program of the Conference includes 40 parallel symposia, 5 breakfasts with the experts, and 11 special lectures. In this second edition the Conference focused on 4 topics: • Healthy Nutrition in the Life Cycle and Clinical Nutrition • Nutritional Epidemiology and Public Health Challenges in Iberoamerica • Safe, Healthy, Sustainable, and Social Food • Methods and Tools in Nutrition The entity organizing the Conference is the Ibero-American Nutrition Foundation (FINUT) which was established in 2011. FINUT is a non-profit and financially self-supporting entity; our vision is to promote research and training, identify problems of public interest and provide scientific answers; and involve all stakeholders in our cause. We work throughout the year in many scientific virtual activities with a large number of beneficiaries and the FINUT Conferences give us the opportunity to meet them personally. We wish to thank the Organizing, Scientific, and Local Committees for the enthusiasm and commitment dedicated to this conference, our sponsors for trusting us again, and take the opportunity we offer them to contact the most valuable part of our event, the delegates; professionals, academics, clinicians, researchers, and students in the areas of Food, Nutrition, and Health, to whom we also extend our most sincere gratitude. ¡See you at FINUT 2024!

Introduction: Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) is a highly expressed adipokine in adults with obesity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical significance of THBS1in children with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and determine the effect of metformin on THBS1 expression in dietary-induced obese (DIO) mice.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 78 obese children and 35 nonobese children. Anthropometric parameters, clinical data, and circulating THBS1 levels were measured. The expression of THBS1 was detected in the serum and liver tissue from diet-induced obese mice (C57BL/6) with or without metformin treatment.

Results: Higher THBS1 levels were observed in children with NAFLD and higher SDS-BMI. Individuals in the higher THBS1 quartile had a higher prevalence of hypo-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between THBS1 and NAFLD, as well as between hip circumference and leptin levels. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that THBS1 was a more sensitive predictor of NAFLD than leptin. Additionally, metformin ameliorated hepatic steatosis and decreased hepatic THBS1 expression in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.

Conclusions: Circulating THBS1 level may be a risk factor for NAFLD in obese children. Our findings provided a novel approach of metformin administration for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD. This study also confirmed that metformin decreased the expression of hepatic THBS in DIO mice.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation has also been linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogs (GLP-1RA) are clinically used to treat obesity, with known anti-inflammatory properties. How the GLP-1RA exenatide effects inflammation in adolescents with obesity is not fully investigated.

Methods: Forty-four patients were randomized to receive weekly subcutaneous injections with either 2 mg exenatide or placebo for 6 months. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the study, and 92 inflammatory proteins were measured.

Results: Following treatment with exenatide, 15 out of the 92 proteins were decreased, and one was increased. However, after adjustment for multiple testing, only IL-18Rα was significantly lowered following treatment.

Conclusions: Weekly injections with 2 mg of exenatide lowers circulating IL-18Rα in adolescents with obesity, which may be a potential link between exenatide and its anti-inflammatory effect in vivo. This contributes to exenatide's pharmaceutical potential as a treatment for obesity beyond weight control and glucose tolerance, and should be further studied mechanistically.