Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"The effects of exercise modality and dose on improving executive function in stroke patients: A systematic review and Bayesian network dose-response meta-analysis","authors":"Shaoqi Zheng ,&nbsp;Qiuxue Pan ,&nbsp;Liping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This Bayesian network meta-analysis examined exercise effects on executive function in stroke patients, exploring dose-response relationships and comparing the efficacy of different modalities to identify the optimal rehabilitation protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus from inception to September 15, 2025. Twenty randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Study quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. A Bayesian random-effects network meta-regression model examined the nonlinear dose–response relationship between exercise dosage (in Metabolic Equivalent of Task-minutes, MET-mins) and executive function, with heterogeneity, publication bias, and model robustness evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis demonstrated a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between weekly exercise dose and improvements in executive function, with the peak effect occurring at approximately 1000 MET-minutes per week (mean effect size = 0.65, 95 % credible interval: 0.34–1.00). Among different exercise modalities, exercise combined with cognitive training showed the most favorable and consistent association across a broad weekly dose range (approximately 170–1000 MET-minutes). Multicomponent exercise exhibited apparent benefits only at higher weekly doses (around 890–1000 MET-minutes), though with greater statistical uncertainty, whereas other modalities did not demonstrate clear or consistent effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The association between exercise and executive function in stroke patients appears to follow an optimal weekly dose (∼1000 MET-minutes) rather than a maximal one. Exercise combined with cognitive training provides synergistic, stable benefits within this range. These findings offer moderate-quality evidence to guide individualized rehabilitation that optimizes cognitive recovery and improves quality of life after stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From brain imaging phenotypes to vascular dementia subtypes: A comprehensive mendelian randomization study","authors":"Congai Chen ,&nbsp;Zehan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qinglin Liu ,&nbsp;Pinyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yiwen Deng ,&nbsp;Jingwei Mao ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vascular dementia (VaD) is a heterogeneous disorder with distinct subtypes, each exhibiting unique neuropathological profiles. Although neuroimaging studies have identified some subtype-specific structural brain alterations, a systematic investigation establishing causal relationships between imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and the development of specific VaD subtypes remains absent from current literature.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to assess causal relationships between 3,935 brain IDPs from UK Biobank neuroimaging and four VaD subtypes (multiple infarctions, subcortical, sudden onset, and mixed) from FinnGen. Significant findings from the primary inverse variance weighted analysis were validated using Bayesian Weighted MR (BWMR) and MR Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR-RAPS) methods to mitigate potential pleiotropy. Sensitivity analyses and reverse MR assessed robustness and directionality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Initial analyses identified highly significant causal associations for 33, 27, 25, and 30 brain IDPs with multiple infarctions, subcortical, sudden onset, and mixed VaD subtypes, respectively. Validation with BWMR and MR-RAPS confirmed 22, 17, 17, and 21 robustly causal IDPs for each subtype. Key findings included causal roles for gray matter volume/surface area changes in cognition-related regions specific to each subtype, as well as axonal and myelin damage with distinct anatomical localization in each subtype. Reverse MR found no evidence that any VaD subtype causally influenced the identified brain IDPs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study provides robust genetic evidence for distinct causal relationships between specific patterns of brain structural alterations and different VaD subtypes. These subtype-specific neuroimaging signatures highlight divergent neuroanatomical substrates underlying VaD heterogeneity and offer potential targets for developing diagnostic biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is there a compression of morbidity and does it vary across social strata among older European adults? A retrospective cohort study of two waves 15 years apart","authors":"Enrique Alonso-Perez ,&nbsp;Julie L O‘Sullivan ,&nbsp;Jan Paul Heisig ,&nbsp;Christoph U Correll ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen ,&nbsp;Henrik Rudolf ,&nbsp;Georg Fuellen ,&nbsp;Paul Gellert","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Compression of morbidity may be linked to belonging to particular social strata defined by intersections of age, gender, migration and occupation. Extending the approach by Crimmins and Beltrán-Sánchez, we investigated compression of morbidity, defined as reduced socially stratified prevalence of self-reported heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and functional limitations, using two samples 15 years apart.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data of eleven European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), comparing 2004 (<em>N</em> = 29,224) and 2019/2020 (<em>N</em> = 46,498) samples, to apply multilevel logistic regressions within an intersectional MAIHDA (Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy) framework.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Overall patterns did not show compression of morbidity in terms of lower prevalence after 15 years, but intersectional analyses revealed specific compression patterns. Certain strata showed reduced heart disease prevalence, with older men with migration background experiencing the strongest declines from initially high levels. However, no social stratum showed morbidity compression for stroke. Blue-collar low-skill men exhibited particularly increased cancer prevalence across waves. Among older men, diabetes prevalence increased substantially. Reductions in functional limitation prevalence emerged across waves for all female groups aged 70–79, and for blue-collar high-skill men.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Overall, we found that compression of morbidity was largely intersectionally stratified, evidencing the impact of social inequalities in healthy life expectancy. This calls for stratified preventive measures at public health level in the future.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>Einstein Foundation Berlin (EZ-2019–555–2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106118"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a modified phenoage for biological aging and chronic diseases in a chinese cohort","authors":"Jialiang Zheng ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Yumei Luo,&nbsp;Xing Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To address the original PhenoAge’s reliance on C-reactive protein (CRP)—a non-routine clinical biomarker—and enhance practical utility in routine healthcare settings, we developed a modified algorithm (PA-CRP) excluding CRP while retaining its core multi-omics integration framework, and further evaluated its associations with chronic diseases and lifestyle factors in a Chinese cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Both PA-CRP and its derivative PA-CRP_Advance (biological age minus chronological age) were first developed and validated for their validity based on the NHANES dataset. Subsequently, the algorithm was applied to a Chinese university-based cohort (<em>n</em> = 4295), with multivariable logistic and linear regression models (adjusted for key confounders) to assess associations with chronic conditions and lifestyle factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PA-CRP demonstrated strong validity in reflecting biological aging and predicting mortality. In the Chinese cohort, it was significantly associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and cataracts, while PA-CRP_Advance showed targeted links to hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia. Smoking was confirmed as a key driver of accelerated biological aging, and physical activity exhibited a non-linear protective effect; alcohol consumption showed no significant association.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PA-CRP is a valid, pragmatic tool for assessing biological aging and chronic disease risk in Chinese adults. Its exclusion of CRP enables broad application in routine clinical and public health contexts where CRP is unavailable, supporting its utility as a cross-population applicable biological aging metric.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic loneliness and incident chronic lung diseases in two prospective cohorts","authors":"Bo Yan ,&nbsp;Yuechang Li ,&nbsp;Haoyu Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Zhu ,&nbsp;Xudong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Loneliness has been recognized as an independent predictor of incident chronic lung diseases. However, previous studies only focused on baseline loneliness status, not taking into consideration the changes in loneliness status during follow-up. This study examined the association of chronic loneliness and incident chronic lung diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicohort study used data from the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), consisting of participants aged 45 years or older from China and participants aged 50 years or older from the US. Participants’ self-reported loneliness at baseline was treated as both a continuous variable and a dichotomous variable (low vs. High), and its change patterns were categorised as “stable low”, “low-high”, “high-low”, and “stable high”. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the risk of developing chronic lung diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>A total of 18,031 (HRS: 8636; CHARLS: 9395) individuals were included for loneliness change analyses. Compared with individuals assigned to “stable low” loneliness change status, significant increased risks of incident chronic lung diseases were observed among those belonging to “low-high”, “high-low” and “stable high” groups in both cohorts ([CHARLS] “low-high”, HR:1.46, 95 % CI:1.24–1.72; “high-low”, HR:1.19, 95 % CI:1.02–1.38; “stable high”, HR:1.60, 95 % CI:1.36–1.89; [HRS] “low-high”, HR:1.39, 95 % CI:1.05–1.84; “high-low”, HR:1.34, 95 % CI:1.03–1.75; “stable high”, HR:1.60, 95 % CI:1.20–2.15).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Chronic loneliness was associated with higher risks of incident chronic lung diseases. Recovery or relief from loneliness might play an important role in the prevention of chronic lung diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of multiple omics reveals key targets and cellular mechanisms for intervention in sarcopenia","authors":"Zhu Zhu ,&nbsp;Wenji Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao Bi ,&nbsp;Shaojun Ma ,&nbsp;Yue Shen ,&nbsp;Feng Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia, an age-related syndrome characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, presents a significant global health burden with limited therapeutic interventions. This study integrates genomic causality, multi-tissue omics, and cellular mediation analyses to identify and prioritize mechanistically grounded therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A multi-tiered analytical framework was applied, beginning with two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to infer causal relationships between 4907 plasma proteins (cis-pQTLs from 35,559 individuals) and sarcopenia traits in Pan-UK Biobank participants. Bayesian colocalization and transcriptomic validation in human sarcopenia muscle biopsies were employed to prioritize targets. Cellular mediation analysis quantified contributions of immune and stromal cell subtypes to protein-trait pathways using transcriptomic deconvolution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MR identified 1237 plasma proteins causally associated with sarcopenia traits, with six targets (HGFAC, GATM, HMOX2, F2, LMAN2L, HPGDS) validated through colocalization, transcriptomic expression, and sarcopenia-related dysregulation. Cellular mediation revealed immune mechanisms underlying HGFAC’s effects, with CD4+ regulatory T cells mediating 3.49 % of its impact on sarcopenia traits. Prothrombin exhibited muscle-protective effects independent of coagulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study establishes a causal map linking plasma proteins to sarcopenia through immune-stromal interactions. The integration of MR, multi-omics validation, and cellular mediation prioritizes six proteins as actionable targets, supporting repurposing of thrombin inhibitors and development of immunometabolic therapies. The framework bridges genomic causality with cellular pathophysiology, advancing precision strategies for age-related muscle decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between intrinsic capacity transitions and incident cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults","authors":"Shuanglong Hou ,&nbsp;Yi Pan ,&nbsp;Jing Luo ,&nbsp;Rui Liu ,&nbsp;Xueqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests that intrinsic capacity (IC) impairments are potential predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the impact of longitudinal IC transitions on CVD risk remain incompletely elucidated. This study investigates associations between short-term IC transitions and subsequent incident CVD to address this gap.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Seven biomarkers encompassing five IC domains were evaluated, and IC was categorized as high, moderate, and low levels based on total domain scores. IC transitions were evaluated using baseline and 2-year follow-up data. CVD was defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed heart disease or stroke. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate the associations between IC transitions and incident CVD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 5190 eligible participants, 1072 (20.7 %) developed incident CVD. Compared with stable high IC, participants with high baseline IC who declined to moderate (HR 1.34, 95 % CI 1.05–1.71) or low IC (HR 1.61, 95 % CI 1.16–2.22) exhibited elevated risks of incident CVD. Similarly, increased CVD risks were observed in participants who declined from high to moderate IC compared with those stable moderate IC (HR 1.32, 95 % CI 1.04–1.69). In contrast, participants with low baseline IC who improved to high IC showed decreased risks of incident CVD relative to those with stable low IC (HR 0.55, 95 % CI 0.38–0.76).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dynamic transitions in IC are associated with distinct CVD risks. IC decline is linked to a significantly elevated risk, whereas IC improvement correlates with a reduced risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal association between pulmonary function and incident cognitive decline : Results of the SONIC cohort study","authors":"Yuka Tachibana ,&nbsp;Keigo Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Mai Kabayama ,&nbsp;Michiko Kido ,&nbsp;Yuya Akagi ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Akasaka ,&nbsp;Yoshio Iwashima ,&nbsp;Saori Yasumoto ,&nbsp;Yukie Masui ,&nbsp;Kazunori Ikebe ,&nbsp;Takumi Hirata ,&nbsp;Yasumichi Arai ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Gondo ,&nbsp;Koichi Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Kei Kamide","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reduced pulmonary function may contribute to cognitive decline in older adults; however, few longitudinal studies adjust for frailty, lifestyle, and comorbidities. This study examined whether baseline spirometry predicts 3-year cognitive decline in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. Data were derived from the SONIC Study, a longitudinal cohort of older Japanese adults. This 3-year follow-up included community-dwelling adults in their 70 s and 80 s, stratified by age and sex. Baseline and follow-up assessed anthropometry, physical frailty indicators (grip strength and gait speed), cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Japanese version [MoCA-J]) and pulmonary function (percent vital capacity [%VC], percent forced vital capacity [%FVC], percent forced expiratory volume in one second [%FEV₁], forced expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity ratio [FEV₁/FVC], and percent peak expiratory flow [%PEF]). Associations with mild cognitive decline were examined using logistic regression, adjusted for comorbidities, health behaviors, and frailty. Most pulmonary function measures markedly decreased over 3 years, whereas the FEV₁/FVC ratio remained stable. MoCA-J scores markedly declined among adults in their 80 s but remained stable in those in their 70 s. Reduced %PEF was markedly associated with cognitive decline only in participants in their 70 s, in males and females. Additionally, reduced FEV₁/FVC ratio was associated with increased cognitive decline in females in their 70 s. No significant associations were found in participants in their 80 s. In older adults, declines in %PEF and FEV₁/FVC ratio increased cognitive decline in the 70 s age group, with sex differences noted. Simple pulmonary measures may help identify those at risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying multi-dimensional health clusters associated with high hospitalization burden among middle-aged and older adults in China: A 10-Year cohort study","authors":"Jiaman Liao ,&nbsp;Yaoting Su ,&nbsp;Xueliang Huang ,&nbsp;Yiheng Li ,&nbsp;Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Yiqiang Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify and characterize health subtypes among middle-aged and older adults in China, and test if individuals in high-burden subtypes experience greater hospitalization over time.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative survey of adults aged ≥45 years, covering five waves (2011–2020). K-means clustering was applied to seven baseline indicators—functional disability, chronic conditions, neuropsychological vulnerability composite (NVC), unhealthy behaviors, social resources composite (SRC), and prior-year hospitalization—to identify distinct health subtypes. The optimal number of clusters was determined using the elbow method and average silhouette width, and cluster stability was assessed via bootstrap resampling with the adjusted Rand index. Associations between the identified subtypes and subsequent hospitalization burden were examined using generalized estimating equation (GEE) models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis included 16,710 participants (mean age, 59.4 years; 51.2 % female). Two health subtypes were identified: high-burden (27.1 %) and low-burden (72.9 %). The high-burden group showed worse health across all indicators and had significantly higher hospitalization rates. GEE models showed that the low-burden group had fewer hospitalization days (β = –0.34; P &lt; .001) and lower costs (β = –2,336; P &lt; .001). Age and education were significant factors (P &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Greater functional disability, more chronic diseases, higher NVC, unhealthy behaviors, and lower SRC were significantly associated with a higher hospitalization burden. These findings underscore the importance of subtype-based stratification for designing targeted interventions in older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benefit of home-based virtual reality aerobic exercise combined with resistance training for reversing sarcopenia and reducing depression in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia: a randomized control trial","authors":"Kornanong Yuenyongchaiwat ,&nbsp;Chanakan Chitjamnogchai ,&nbsp;Natsinee Sermsinsaithong ,&nbsp;Wararat Tavonudomgit ,&nbsp;Lucksanaporn Mahawong ,&nbsp;Sasipa Buranapuntalug ,&nbsp;Preeyaphorn Songsorn ,&nbsp;Chusak Thanawattano","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2025.106108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia is a growing concern owing to an aging global population. Older people with depression are at risk for sarcopenia and vice versa. Although physical exercise is key in preventing and managing sarcopenia, virtual reality (VR)-based exercises have emerged as an engaging alternative that may also alleviate depressive symptoms and enhance quality of life in older adults. However, the effects of VR exercise on depression in individuals with sarcopenia who are at higher risk of both physical decline and psychological distress remain underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the benefits of home-based VR aerobic exercise combined with resistance training for reversing sarcopenia and depression in community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This blinded randomized controlled trial enrolled 46 community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia (37 females and 9 males); they were categorized into the home-based VR (<em>n</em> = 23) group receiving non-immersive VR aerobic exercise combined with a resistance program and the control group (CG) receiving self-care education (CG; <em>n</em> = 23). The VR program combined aerobic and resistance exercises, performed three times weekly for 12 weeks. Sarcopenia risk indicators, including gait speed, handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), and depression scores, were examined before and after the intervention. A two-way mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The VR group showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms (F(1,44)=51.80, <em>p</em>&lt; 0.001), SMI (F(1,44) =28.07, <em>p</em>&lt; 0.001), handgrip strength (F(1,44) = 66.74, <em>p</em>&lt; 0.001, np²=0.599), and gait speed (F(1,44)=0.67, <em>p</em>&lt; 0.001), whereas the CG showed reduced SMI (F(1,44) =7.55, <em>p</em>= 0.009) and handgrip strength F(1,44) =14.99, <em>p</em>&lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Home-based VR aerobic exercise combined with resistance training improves muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance and reduces depression in older adults with sarcopenia. Thus, it may be applied to effectively prevent or reverse sarcopenia and decrease depression among older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>The Thai Clinical Trials Registry is TCTR20231005004.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 106108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}