Archives of gerontology and geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal trajectories of general cognitive and daily functions in data-driven subtypes of MCI: A longitudinal cohort analysis of older adults","authors":"Xianxian Long ,&nbsp;Manqiong Yuan ,&nbsp;Zeyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Ya Fang ,&nbsp;Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To derive data-driven subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and characterize the complicated changes of general cognitive and daily functions over time in MCI subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 813 subjects diagnosed as MCI at baseline from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included. Data-driven MCI subtypes were derived from group-based multi-trajectory modeling (GBMTM) analyses using longitudinal measurement scores in the cognitive domains of visuospatial function, language, and executive function. General cognitive and daily functions were measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ), respectively, whose longitudinal trajectory changes were depicted by Linear mixed models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three MCI subtypes were derived, which were defined as “Cognitive decline group”, “Mild cognitive decline group” and “No cognitive decline group”. The “Mild cognitive decline group” had the highest percentage in the sample (46.2 %), followed by the “No cognitive decline group” (35.2 %). Patients in the “Cognitive decline group” had the highest mean age (74.69 years) at baseline, the highest APOE ε4 carriers (63.2 %), and the greatest dementia conversion rate (77.0 %). The changes in MMSE and FAQ score trajectories were fastest in the “Cognitive decline group” in the first 36 months and most slowly in the “No cognitive decline group”.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MCI individuals could be subdivided into more fine-grained cognitive subtypes, and identifying these distinct MCI subtypes and their different trajectories of cognitive decline may have important prognostic value for improving clinical course prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting delirium in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: A retrospective analysis of stress hyperglycemia ratio and its interactions with nutrition and inflammation","authors":"Jingxian Liao ,&nbsp;Chunhui Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaozhu Shen ,&nbsp;Lei Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) increases mortality risk in older patients, often complicated by delirium. Key risk factors include malnutrition and glucose metabolism disorders. This study examines the Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio (SHR) as a predictive marker for delirium in older CAP patients and its role in clinical risk management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, we analyzed patients aged 65 and older diagnosed with CAP at the Second People's Hospital of Lianyungang. Delirium was evaluated using the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) based on DSM-5 criteria. We assessed clinical data, including nutritional status, SHR, and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF). Statistical analyses including logistic regression, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, and mediation analyses were used to ascertain the predictive value of SHR and its interaction with other delirium risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average age of the cohort was 84.20 ± 5.15 years, with a delirium incidence of 19.68 % and a 28-day mortality rate of 11.16 %. Both SHR and IL-6 were significant risk factors for delirium, while higher MNA-SF scores were protective. An SHR of 1.12 or greater indicated an elevated risk of delirium. Combined assessments of SHR, IL-6, and MNA-SF enhanced predictive accuracy, achieving an AUC of 0.723. SHR and IL-6 independently and synergistically influenced the relationship between nutritional status and delirium onset.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SHR is a crucial risk factor for delirium in older CAP patients, interacting with nutritional and inflammatory markers. Integrating SHR with nutritional and inflammatory assessments can enhance early risk identification and improve clinical outcomes for this vulnerable group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide burden of antidiabetic drug-induced sarcopenia: An international pharmacovigilance study","authors":"Jaehyun Kong ,&nbsp;Seoyoung Park ,&nbsp;Tae Hyeon Kim ,&nbsp;Jae E. Lee ,&nbsp;Hanseul Cho ,&nbsp;Jiyeon Oh ,&nbsp;Sooji Lee ,&nbsp;Hyesu Jo ,&nbsp;Hayeon Lee ,&nbsp;Kyeongmin Lee ,&nbsp;Jaeyu Park ,&nbsp;Louis Jacob ,&nbsp;Damiano Pizzol ,&nbsp;Sang Youl Rhee ,&nbsp;Sunyoung Kim ,&nbsp;Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia is a condition that poses a significant risk in the older population, with diabetes identified as a risk factor. Recent evidence suggests that GLP-1 RA, commonly used as antidiabetic treatments, may potentially induce sarcopenia. This study aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and various antidiabetic drugs, including GLP-1 RAs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed reports from the World Health Organization international pharmacovigilance database, covering the period from 1967 to 2023 (total reports, <em>n</em> = 131,255,418). We analyzed the reported odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) to evaluate the association between sarcopenia and seven classes of antidiabetic drugs: DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, insulin, metformin, SGLT2 inhibitors, sulfonylureas, and thiazolidinediones.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reports of antidiabetic drugs-associated sarcopenia have gradually increased (<em>n</em> = 508; 258 males [50.79 %]). Overall, antidiabetic drugs showed significant associations with sarcopenia (ROR, 1.31 [95 % CI, 1.20–1.44]; IC, 0.38 [IC₀₂₅, 0.24]). Among the individual drug classes, SGLT2 inhibitors showed the highest association (ROR, 2.49 [95 % CI, 1.93–3.22]; IC, 1.30 [IC₀₂₅, 0.87]), followed by metformin (ROR, 1.86 [95 % CI, 1.43–2.41]; IC, 0.88 [IC₀₂₅, 0.44]), DPP-4 inhibitors (ROR, 1.67 [95 % CI, 1.17–2.38]; IC, 0.72 [IC₀₂₅, 0.12]), and insulin (ROR, 1.27 [95 % CI, 1.11–1.45]; IC, 0.34 [IC₀₂₅, 0.11]). Despite the high number of reports for GLP-1 RAs, no significant association with sarcopenia was observed (<em>n</em> = 93; ROR, 1.06 [95 % CI, 0.86–1.29]; IC, 0.08 [IC₀₂₅, -0.27]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Antidiabetic drugs showed significant associations with sarcopenia, with SGLT2 inhibitors exhibiting the strongest association. Notably, despite numerous reports, GLP-1 RAs did not show a significant association.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of mHealth in geriatric rehabilitation on health status: A systematic review","authors":"Loes Oostrik ,&nbsp;Marije Holstege ,&nbsp;Jorit Meesters ,&nbsp;Wilco Achterberg ,&nbsp;Eléonore F van Dam van Isselt","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Geriatric rehabilitation positively influences health outcomes in older adults after acute events. Integrating mobile health (mHealth) technologies with geriatric rehabilitation may further improve outcomes by increasing therapy time and independence, potentially enhancing functional recovery. Previous reviews have highlighted positive outcomes but also the need for further investigation of populations receiving geriatric rehabilitation.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our main objective was to assess the effects of mHealth applications on the health status of older adults after acute events. A secondary objective was to examine the structure and process elements reported in these studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic review, including studies from 2010 to January 2024. Studies were eligible if they involved older adults’ post-acute care and used mHealth interventions, measured health outcomes and compared intervention and control groups. The adjusted Donabedian Structure-Process-Outcome (SPO) framework was used to present reported intervention processes and structures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After initial and secondary screenings of the literature, a total of nine studies reporting 26 health outcomes were included. mHealth interventions ranged from mobile apps to wearables to web platforms. While most outcomes showed improvement in both the intervention and control groups, a majority favored the intervention groups. Reporting of integration into daily practice was minimal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While mHealth shows positive effects on health status in geriatric rehabilitation, the variability in outcomes and methodologies among studies, along with a generally high risk of bias, suggest cautious interpretation. Standardized measurement approaches and co-created interventions are needed to enhance successful uptake into blended care and keep geriatric rehabilitation accessible and affordable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent classes of sleep problems and subjective cognitive decline among middle-aged and older adults in the United States","authors":"Jing Huang ,&nbsp;Adam P. Spira ,&nbsp;Nancy A. Perrin ,&nbsp;Aisha Ellis ,&nbsp;Erh-Chi Hsu ,&nbsp;Christopher N. Kaufmann ,&nbsp;Junxin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Previous studies have linked sleep problems to subjective cognitive decline (SCD) using a variable-centered approach (e.g., adding sleep symptoms to form a score); however, sleep problems may cluster differently between individuals. Thus, employing a person-centered approach, we aimed to: 1) identify profiles of self-reported sleep problems among U.S. middle-aged and older adults; 2) examine the cross-sectional association between these classes and SCD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We studied 33,922 adults aged 45+ years from the 2017 U.S. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) with data on sleep problems, including short or long sleep duration, trouble falling or staying asleep, unintentionally falling asleep, snoring loudly, and observed apneas. Latent class analysis classified participants based on their responses to sleep items. We then used a subsample from Oregon, the only state that administered both sleep and SCD modules (<em>n</em> = 2,747), to examine the association between class membership and SCD using logistic regression, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified and labeled four classes: “Healthy Sleep” (48.0 %); “Primarily Apnea” (25.8 %); “Primarily Insomnia” (17.6 %); and “Comorbid Insomnia and Sleep Apnea (COMISA)” (8.6 %). In adjusted models, individuals in the “COMISA” class had almost twice the odds of SCD, compared to those in the “Healthy Sleep” class (OR=1.91, 95 % CI =1.15–3.15).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Compared to U.S. middle-aged and older adults with healthy sleep, those with COMISA were significantly more likely to report SCD, which is a risk factor for dementia. Studies are needed investigating whether sleep interventions delay cognitive decline in these individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of urate-lowering drugs with cognition and dementia: A Mendelian randomization and observational study","authors":"Cuilv Liang ,&nbsp;Yaping Chen ,&nbsp;Peihong Wang ,&nbsp;Yin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior studies have presented paradoxical results regarding the association of uric acid-lowering drugs (ULDs) therapy with cognition and dementia. We aimed to explore this correlation. In this observational study, we extracted and analyzed the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to investigate the association of ULDs with cognitive function and dementia. Two-simple Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses were conducted to evaluate the causal associations of ULDs for all common types of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). In the NHANES database, regardless of whether ULDs were included only or adjusted for covariates, the linear regression models did not find a correlation between ULDs and three cognitive tests (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). In the FAERS database, the dementia signal in ULDs lost significance after stepwise constraints (the lower limit of proportional reporting ratio lower than 1). In the two-sample MR analysis, allopurinol was associated with an increased risk of VD (OR = 123.747, <em>p</em> = 0.002), and a positive causal relationship was found between uricosuric drugs and AD (OR = 1.003, <em>p</em> = 0.003). However, the significance disappeared after adjusting for risk factors of dementia (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). This study indicates that ULDs may not be related to an increase or decrease risk of cognition function and dementia, including all common types of dementia (AD, VD, FTD, and DLB).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel plasma protein biomarkers: A time-dependent predictive model for Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Tianchi Zhuang ,&nbsp;Yingqi Yang ,&nbsp;Haili Ren ,&nbsp;Haoxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chang Gao ,&nbsp;Shen Chen ,&nbsp;Jiemiao Shen ,&nbsp;Minghui Ji ,&nbsp;Yan Cui ,&nbsp;Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105650","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The accurate prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for the efficient management of its progression. The objective of this research was to construct a new risk predictive model utilizing novel plasma protein biomarkers for predicting AD incidence in the future and analyze their potential biological correlation with AD incidence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A cohort of 440 participants aged 60 years and older from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) longitudinal cohort was utilized. The baseline plasma proteomics data was employed to conduct Cox regression, LASSO regression, and cross-validation to identify plasma protein signatures predictive of AD risk. Subsequently, a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model based on these signatures was constructed. The performance of the risk prediction model was evaluated using time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (t-ROC) curves and Kaplan-Meier curves. Additionally, we analyzed the correlations between protein signature expression in plasma and predicted AD risk, the time of AD onset, the expression of protein signatures in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the expression of CSF and plasma biomarkers, and APOE &lt;em&gt;ε4&lt;/em&gt; genotypes. Colocalization and Mendelian randomization analyses was conducted to investigate the association between protein features and AD risk. GEO database was utilized to analyze the differential expression of protein features in the blood and brain of AD patients.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We identified seven protein signatures (APOE, CGA, CRP, CCL26, CCL20, NRCAM, and PYY) that independently predicted AD incidence in the future. The risk prediction model demonstrated area under the ROC curve (AUC) values of 0.77, 0.76, and 0.77 for predicting AD incidence at 4, 6, and 8 years, respectively. Furthermore, the model remained stable in the range of the 3rd to the 12th year (ROC ≥ 0.74). The low-risk group, as defined by the model, exhibited a significantly later AD onset compared to the high-risk group (P &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, all protein signatures exhibited significant correlations with AD risk (P &lt; 0.001) and the time of AD onset (P &lt; 0.01). There was no strong correlation between the protein expression levels in plasma and CSF, as well as AD CSF biomarkers. APOE, CGA, and CRP exhibited significantly lower expression levels in APOE &lt;em&gt;ε4&lt;/em&gt; positive individuals (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, colocalization analysis reveals a significant association between AD and SNP loci in APOE. Mendelian randomization analysis shows a negative correlation between NRCAM and AD risk. Transcriptomic analysis indicates a significant downregulation of NRCAM and PYY in the peripheral blood of AD patients (P &lt; 0.01), while APOE, CGA, and NRCAM are significantly downregulated in the brains of AD patients (P &lt; 0.0001).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our research has successfully identified protein","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community-powered actions building a healthier future for aging populations","authors":"Liang-Kung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105652","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"128 ","pages":"Article 105652"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cohort comparison of vision and hearing in 75- and 80-year-old men and women born 28 years apart","authors":"Maija Välimaa ,&nbsp;Kaisa Koivunen ,&nbsp;Anne Viljanen ,&nbsp;Taina Rantanen ,&nbsp;Mikaela von Bonsdorff","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>We compared the vision and hearing of older men and women born 28 years apart. In addition, we explored factors explaining the possible cohort differences.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two independent cohorts of 75- and 80-year-old men and women were assessed as a part of the Evergreen study in 1989–1990 (<em>n</em> = 500) and the Evergreen II study in 2017–2018 (<em>n</em> = 726). Studies were conducted with similar protocols, and differences between cohorts were compared for distance visual acuity and hearing acuity. We also studied whether educational level and health factors (i.e. total cholesterol, blood pressure, BMI, and smoking status) underlie the possible cohort differences. Independent samples <em>t</em>-test, Pearson chi-squared test, and linear regression analyses were used as statistical analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Across age and sex groups, the later-born cohort had better visual acuity and a lower prevalence of visual impairment compared to the earlier-born cohort. In hearing, 75-year-old men in the later-born cohort had better hearing acuity, with average hearing level at 32 dB compared to 36 dB in the earlier-born cohort, and 80-year-old men had a lower prevalence of moderate or worse hearing loss (74 % vs. 54 %) than men in the earlier-born cohort. Similar differences were not observed for women. The cohort differences in distance visual acuity and hearing acuity attenuated when adjusting for education level.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Today older adults retain better vision longer than before, but cohort differences in hearing are less obvious. Differences between cohorts may be partly due to advances in education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring key factors influencing depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly adult population: A machine learning-based method","authors":"Thu Tran ,&nbsp;Yi Zhen Tan ,&nbsp;Sapphire Lin ,&nbsp;Fang Zhao ,&nbsp;Yee Sien Ng ,&nbsp;Dong Ma ,&nbsp;Jeonggil Ko ,&nbsp;Rajesh Balan","doi":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.archger.2024.105647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper aims to investigate the key factors, including demographics, socioeconomics, physical well-being, lifestyle, daily activities and loneliness that can impact depressive symptoms in the middle-aged and elderly population using machine learning techniques. By identifying the most important predictors of depressive symptoms through the analysis, the findings can have important implications for early depression detection and intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>For our cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 976 volunteers, with a specific focus on individuals aged 50 and above. Each participant was requested to provide their demographic, socioeconomic information and undergo several physical health tests. Additionally, they were asked to respond to questionnaires that assessed their mental well-being. Furthermore, participants were requested to maintain an activity log for a continuous 14-day period, starting from the day after they signed up. They had the option to use either a provided mobile application or paper to record their activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We evaluated multiple machine learning models to find the best-performing one. Subsequently, we conducted post-hoc analysis to extract the variable significance from the selected model to gain deeper insights into the factors influencing depression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Logistic Regression was chosen as it exhibited superior performance across other models, with AUC of 0.807 ± 0.038, accuracy of 0.798 ± 0.048, specificity of 0.795 ± 0.061, sensitivity of 0.819 ± 0.097, NPV of 0.972 ± 0.013 and PPV of 0.359 ± 0.064. The top influential predictors identified in the model included loneliness, health indicator (i.e. frailty, eyesight, functional mobility), time spent on activities (i.e. staying home, doing exercises and visiting friends) and perceived income adequacy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings have the potential to identify individuals at risk of depression and prioritize interventions based on the influential factors. The amount of time dedicated to daily activities emerges as a significant indicator of depression risk among middle-aged and elderly individuals, along with loneliness, physical health indicators and perceived income adequacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8306,"journal":{"name":"Archives of gerontology and geriatrics","volume":"129 ","pages":"Article 105647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}