Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.179734.1104
Haidy E. Michel, Naglaa Gamal, M. Tadros
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas; its incidence rate is increasing worldwide; it is around 34 cases per 100,000 persons /year. It may range from mild to severe cases and may be associated with morbidity and mortality mainly due to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Till now, there is no specific therapy for the disease and the treatment of AP is mainly supportive. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms included in its pathogenesis are not fully clear. However, it may include oxidative stress and inflammatory response, including critical mediators, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and high-mobility group box protein1 (HMGB1). Thus, there is a pressing need for continuous search in this era to clarify different pathogenesis and the development of new treatment options for AP, also understanding the disease. While research on the human pancreas remains challenging, animal models of AP may help to elucidate the disease pathophysiology & to discover new target options for the development of new therapies. This review aims to revise several aspects related to AP diagnosis and management and to summarize different animal models of AP.
{"title":"Mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis and management of acute pancreatitis","authors":"Haidy E. Michel, Naglaa Gamal, M. Tadros","doi":"10.21608/aps.2023.179734.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2023.179734.1104","url":null,"abstract":"Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas; its incidence rate is increasing worldwide; it is around 34 cases per 100,000 persons /year. It may range from mild to severe cases and may be associated with morbidity and mortality mainly due to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Till now, there is no specific therapy for the disease and the treatment of AP is mainly supportive. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms included in its pathogenesis are not fully clear. However, it may include oxidative stress and inflammatory response, including critical mediators, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and high-mobility group box protein1 (HMGB1). Thus, there is a pressing need for continuous search in this era to clarify different pathogenesis and the development of new treatment options for AP, also understanding the disease. While research on the human pancreas remains challenging, animal models of AP may help to elucidate the disease pathophysiology & to discover new target options for the development of new therapies. This review aims to revise several aspects related to AP diagnosis and management and to summarize different animal models of AP.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90607477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.148701.1094
Sameh F. Nakhla, Basma Albehery, Sana Shawky, Salwa Lotfi, M. Kotb, E. El-Bassiouni, Eman El-Abd
Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7- & 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10 -4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10 -4 mg/mg) 14-days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups ( p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control ( p = 0.014), irradiated ( p = 0.020), and ectoine ( p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.
{"title":"Pre-irradiation effects of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity in female Swiss albino mice model","authors":"Sameh F. Nakhla, Basma Albehery, Sana Shawky, Salwa Lotfi, M. Kotb, E. El-Bassiouni, Eman El-Abd","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.148701.1094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.148701.1094","url":null,"abstract":"Ectoine is a compatible solute that acts as a natural protectant. In the mice model, a single post-irradiation ectoine dose showed protective effects by modulating both inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways. The effect of ectoine has never been tested on mice cardiac tissue, thus the current study aimed to explore the pre-irradiation effect(s) of ectoine on radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. Forty female Swiss albino mice (17.6-23.1 g); controls (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline), ectoine groups injected with 20 mg/kg of ectoine for ten days), irradiated groups (injected intraperitoneally for ten days with 0.2 mL saline then received six Gy whole body x-irradiation single dose), ectoine irradiated groups (injected with ectoine for ten days then irradiated). Animals were sacrificed on days seven, and 14 (five animals each). Hearts were examined for histological changes and immune-stained for Bax. Ectoine concentration in hearts was measured by HPLC. Serum cardiac troponin T, Total antioxidant capacity, and apoptosis-inducing factor were evaluated by mice with ready-to-use ELISA kits. Heart histological changes were documented in 40% of the 7- & 14-days post-irradiation. Ectoine concentrations (0.63 x 10 -4 mg/mg of heart weight) were higher in ectoine groups than ectoine irradiated groups (0.011 x 10 -4 mg/mg) 14-days post-treatment. Serum troponin T significantly differed between the 14 days groups ( p = 0.032). Apoptosis inducible factor significantly increased in ectoine irradiated group (at 14 days) than those of control ( p = 0.014), irradiated ( p = 0.020), and ectoine ( p = 0.033) groups. Bax showed strong to moderate immunostaining in ectoine and irradiated groups. In conclusion, Ectoine has pre-irradiation partial protective effects on heart cytotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86062808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.154272.1097
S. Hussein, M. Tolba, Haidy E. Michel, S. Azab
The global morbidity and mortality caused by neurological disorders are significant. Neurodegenerative disorders are anticipated to rise as the population ages because they typically manifest in mid-to-late life. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2050 two billion individuals would be 60 or older. So there is an emerging need for neuroprotective agents derived from natural sources with favorable efficacy and high safety profile. One of these natural agents is biochanin A(BIO-A), an isoflavone belonging to phytoestrogens, mainly found in red clover, soy, and chickpea, commercially available tablets. It has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, Estrogen-like, glucose and lipid metabolism modulatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. BIO-A was proven to be promising when investigated in multiple models of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, brain injury, depression, anxiety, and glioblastoma. This review focuses on the possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the neuroprotective effects of BIO-A in various neurological disorders.
{"title":"Insights into the neuroprotective properties of Biochanin-A","authors":"S. Hussein, M. Tolba, Haidy E. Michel, S. Azab","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.154272.1097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.154272.1097","url":null,"abstract":"The global morbidity and mortality caused by neurological disorders are significant. Neurodegenerative disorders are anticipated to rise as the population ages because they typically manifest in mid-to-late life. The World Health Organization predicts that by 2050 two billion individuals would be 60 or older. So there is an emerging need for neuroprotective agents derived from natural sources with favorable efficacy and high safety profile. One of these natural agents is biochanin A(BIO-A), an isoflavone belonging to phytoestrogens, mainly found in red clover, soy, and chickpea, commercially available tablets. It has a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, antimicrobial, Estrogen-like, glucose and lipid metabolism modulatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. BIO-A was proven to be promising when investigated in multiple models of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, brain injury, depression, anxiety, and glioblastoma. This review focuses on the possible molecular mechanisms responsible for the neuroprotective effects of BIO-A in various neurological disorders.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.166621.1099
Yosr Abou Sedira, L. E. El Wakeel, Mervat Mostafa Omran, I. Sidhom, S. Shouman
Colistin has been reintroduced to clinical practice after the emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative (MDR-GN) and the failure of other antibiotics. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic data in the pediatric population are scarce. This study aimed to highlight the pharmacokinetics of 2 colistin doses, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg/day, in febrile neutropenia pediatric cancer patients regarding patient outcomes. In a prospective, comparative study, patients suffering from MDR-GN infection were randomly recruited to receive either 2.5 or 5 mg/kg/day colistin doses. The demographic, microbiological, and treatment outcomes were collected before and after treatment. Colistin levels were determined using HPLC/MS/MS. Peak, trough, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC 24 ), and the ratio of AUC 24 to the minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC 24 /MIC) were assessed. Clinical cure was achieved in 14 (77.8%) cases in the Low-Dose (LD) group vs. 13 (81.3%) in the High-Dose (HD) group. Four (25%) patients vs. 4 (33.3%) in the LD and HD group (P= 0.69) attained an optimal plasma AUC 24 /MIC, respectively, while the therapeutic level of colistin was reached in all patients in the LD group compared to 14/16 (87.5%) in the HD group. Microbiological eradication was achieved in 93.8% and 91.6% of patients in the LD and HD groups, respectively. However, the median time to clearance was significantly lower in the LD group, 4 days vs. 7 days in the HD group (P= 0.022). In conclusion, the current study suggests that LD may be as efficacious and safe as HD in treating MDR-GN infection. However, LD colistin was associated with a shorter clearance time than HD colistin.
{"title":"Colistin Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Cancer Patients in Egypt","authors":"Yosr Abou Sedira, L. E. El Wakeel, Mervat Mostafa Omran, I. Sidhom, S. Shouman","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.166621.1099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.166621.1099","url":null,"abstract":"Colistin has been reintroduced to clinical practice after the emergence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative (MDR-GN) and the failure of other antibiotics. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic data in the pediatric population are scarce. This study aimed to highlight the pharmacokinetics of 2 colistin doses, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg/day, in febrile neutropenia pediatric cancer patients regarding patient outcomes. In a prospective, comparative study, patients suffering from MDR-GN infection were randomly recruited to receive either 2.5 or 5 mg/kg/day colistin doses. The demographic, microbiological, and treatment outcomes were collected before and after treatment. Colistin levels were determined using HPLC/MS/MS. Peak, trough, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC 24 ), and the ratio of AUC 24 to the minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC 24 /MIC) were assessed. Clinical cure was achieved in 14 (77.8%) cases in the Low-Dose (LD) group vs. 13 (81.3%) in the High-Dose (HD) group. Four (25%) patients vs. 4 (33.3%) in the LD and HD group (P= 0.69) attained an optimal plasma AUC 24 /MIC, respectively, while the therapeutic level of colistin was reached in all patients in the LD group compared to 14/16 (87.5%) in the HD group. Microbiological eradication was achieved in 93.8% and 91.6% of patients in the LD and HD groups, respectively. However, the median time to clearance was significantly lower in the LD group, 4 days vs. 7 days in the HD group (P= 0.022). In conclusion, the current study suggests that LD may be as efficacious and safe as HD in treating MDR-GN infection. However, LD colistin was associated with a shorter clearance time than HD colistin.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82085924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.189971.1106
Marina Barakat, S. Wahdan, A. Awad, Ebtehal El-Demerdash Zaki
{"title":"Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs: Pharmacokinetics and Drug-Drug Interactions","authors":"Marina Barakat, S. Wahdan, A. Awad, Ebtehal El-Demerdash Zaki","doi":"10.21608/aps.2023.189971.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2023.189971.1106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79499278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.130440.1087
Nourhan O. Abu-Thuraya, Lamia Elwakeel, Mohamed O. Elghoemi, Alia Abdelfattah
{"title":"Empirical-colistin inhalation improves ventilatory parameters and severity scoring in VAP caused by Gram-negative bacteria","authors":"Nourhan O. Abu-Thuraya, Lamia Elwakeel, Mohamed O. Elghoemi, Alia Abdelfattah","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.130440.1087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.130440.1087","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75096466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.121464.1081
S. Hatem, Nada ElHoffy, Reham S. Elezaby, M. Nasr, Amany Osama, S. Elkheshen
{"title":"Optimization of the colloidal properties of chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating alpha-arbutin","authors":"S. Hatem, Nada ElHoffy, Reham S. Elezaby, M. Nasr, Amany Osama, S. Elkheshen","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.121464.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.121464.1081","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83720031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.129734.1085
Dina M. Bahgat, Haidy A. Gad, E. Elsayed, O. Eldahshan, A. Singab
Genus Cestrum L. belonging to family Solanaceae comprises from 250 to 300 species of flowering plants native to warm temperate to tropical regions of America. Shrubs of Cestrum L. species are known as Jessamines due to their highly fragrant flowers. They are planted not only for their ornamental uses but also for their valuable and diverse medicinal effects. In many African, Asian and American countries, folk medicine practitioners used different Cestrum L. species for their important ethno-pharmacological effects and diverse biological properties. In the last decades, fifty-two saponins, mainly of steroidal nucleus, have been isolated form certain Cestrum L. species and are responsible for numerous important biological activities e.g. cytotoxic, spermicidal, anti-microbial and pesticidal activities. In this updated review till 2022, we highlighted the pharmacological importance of those steroidal saponins, their biosynthetic pathway and the relation between the chemical structure and biological activity.
{"title":"Biologically Active Saponins of Genus Cestrum L.: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Dina M. Bahgat, Haidy A. Gad, E. Elsayed, O. Eldahshan, A. Singab","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.129734.1085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.129734.1085","url":null,"abstract":"Genus Cestrum L. belonging to family Solanaceae comprises from 250 to 300 species of flowering plants native to warm temperate to tropical regions of America. Shrubs of Cestrum L. species are known as Jessamines due to their highly fragrant flowers. They are planted not only for their ornamental uses but also for their valuable and diverse medicinal effects. In many African, Asian and American countries, folk medicine practitioners used different Cestrum L. species for their important ethno-pharmacological effects and diverse biological properties. In the last decades, fifty-two saponins, mainly of steroidal nucleus, have been isolated form certain Cestrum L. species and are responsible for numerous important biological activities e.g. cytotoxic, spermicidal, anti-microbial and pesticidal activities. In this updated review till 2022, we highlighted the pharmacological importance of those steroidal saponins, their biosynthetic pathway and the relation between the chemical structure and biological activity.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83259927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.108801.1075
Ahmed E. Sobaih, Lobna Abd El Aziz, Nancy Nassif
In the current study, a simple, reliable, and quantitative HPLC analytical method was designed to determine Hexamidine Di isethionate (HEX), Chlorhexidine Digluconate (CHX), and p-chlorocresol (CSOL) in various dosage forms including mouthwash and intimate douche in addition to chlorhexidine determination in spiked human saliva. HEX, CHX, and CSOL were determined in colored aqueous formulations without any sample pre-treatment or extraction steps. The proposed method showed linearity over a concentration range of 0.10 to 25.00 µg/mL of pure HEX, 2.00 to 30.00 µg/mL of pure CHX, and 0.10 to 30.00 µg/mL of pure CSOL and a detection limit of 0.02 µg/mL, 0.47 µg/mL & 0.03 µg/mL for HEX, CHX, and CSOL; respectively. The recoveries for Cyteal ® were 100.43 %±1.70, 99.06 %±0.69 & 98.74 %±1.06 for HEX, CHX, and CSOL; respectively, whereas, for Hexitol ® recovery was 100.79 %±1.57 for CHX. Furthermore, the proposed method has been employed to detect CHX in spiked human saliva with a recovery of 101.69%±1.38.
{"title":"HPLC Method for Determination of Chlorhexidine in Pharmaceutical Formulations alone and in presence of Hexamidine and p-chlorocresol, and in Spiked Human Saliva","authors":"Ahmed E. Sobaih, Lobna Abd El Aziz, Nancy Nassif","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.108801.1075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.108801.1075","url":null,"abstract":"In the current study, a simple, reliable, and quantitative HPLC analytical method was designed to determine Hexamidine Di isethionate (HEX), Chlorhexidine Digluconate (CHX), and p-chlorocresol (CSOL) in various dosage forms including mouthwash and intimate douche in addition to chlorhexidine determination in spiked human saliva. HEX, CHX, and CSOL were determined in colored aqueous formulations without any sample pre-treatment or extraction steps. The proposed method showed linearity over a concentration range of 0.10 to 25.00 µg/mL of pure HEX, 2.00 to 30.00 µg/mL of pure CHX, and 0.10 to 30.00 µg/mL of pure CSOL and a detection limit of 0.02 µg/mL, 0.47 µg/mL & 0.03 µg/mL for HEX, CHX, and CSOL; respectively. The recoveries for Cyteal ® were 100.43 %±1.70, 99.06 %±0.69 & 98.74 %±1.06 for HEX, CHX, and CSOL; respectively, whereas, for Hexitol ® recovery was 100.79 %±1.57 for CHX. Furthermore, the proposed method has been employed to detect CHX in spiked human saliva with a recovery of 101.69%±1.38.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84615690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.128953.1084
Masarra M. Sakr, Ghadir S. El-Housseiny, Noha M. Elsayed
The hierarchy of the quorum-sensing system plays a crucial role in Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa virulence and the production of important industrial bacterial products like rhamnolipids and proteases. In this study, the effect of adding exogenous acyl-homoserine lactone synthetic signal to the premature culture of P. aeruginosa on the production of protease and rhamnolipids was investigated. At the early exponential phase, induction of rhamnolipid production showed a more rapid response than protease production. Prediction of the 3D structure of the acyltransferase RhlA enzyme, which is the first key enzyme in rhamnolipid synthesis, was then done using the I-Tasser program to investigate the possible protein structure that might influence the response to N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) presence. With a good C-score, 3D modeling showed RhlA to have AHL binding pocket where ten ligand binding site residues were elucidated in the protein. Multiple sequence alignment revealed low homology with LuxR proteins. Although conserved residues were depicted from the alignment, they were different from the ligand-binding residues suggesting that AHL binds to RhlA with a different mechanism than LuxR proteins. After further bioinformatics analysis, we found that RhlA binds to AHL in a mechanism similar to the lactonase enzyme. In conclusion, the in silico domain and protein alignment analysis revealed an AHL binding site in the RhlA enzyme protein structure.
{"title":"Effect of adding exogenous acyl homoserine lactone signal to Pseudomonas aeruginosa premature culture and prediction of signal binding domain in Rhamnolipids RhlA enzyme","authors":"Masarra M. Sakr, Ghadir S. El-Housseiny, Noha M. Elsayed","doi":"10.21608/aps.2022.128953.1084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2022.128953.1084","url":null,"abstract":"The hierarchy of the quorum-sensing system plays a crucial role in Pseudomonas (P.) aeruginosa virulence and the production of important industrial bacterial products like rhamnolipids and proteases. In this study, the effect of adding exogenous acyl-homoserine lactone synthetic signal to the premature culture of P. aeruginosa on the production of protease and rhamnolipids was investigated. At the early exponential phase, induction of rhamnolipid production showed a more rapid response than protease production. Prediction of the 3D structure of the acyltransferase RhlA enzyme, which is the first key enzyme in rhamnolipid synthesis, was then done using the I-Tasser program to investigate the possible protein structure that might influence the response to N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) presence. With a good C-score, 3D modeling showed RhlA to have AHL binding pocket where ten ligand binding site residues were elucidated in the protein. Multiple sequence alignment revealed low homology with LuxR proteins. Although conserved residues were depicted from the alignment, they were different from the ligand-binding residues suggesting that AHL binds to RhlA with a different mechanism than LuxR proteins. After further bioinformatics analysis, we found that RhlA binds to AHL in a mechanism similar to the lactonase enzyme. In conclusion, the in silico domain and protein alignment analysis revealed an AHL binding site in the RhlA enzyme protein structure.","PeriodicalId":8314,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80760913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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