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The Association between ATP-Binding Cassette C2 (ABCC2) Transporter Genetic Polymorphism and Peripheral Neuropathy in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients Receiving Oxaliplatin. 接受奥沙利铂治疗的胃肠道癌症患者的 ATP 结合盒 C2 (ABCC2) 转运体基因多态性与周围神经病变之间的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.254995.1153
Sara Abdel Aziz, Diaa Eldin Sherif, Nagwa Sabri, May Shawki
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ATP-binding cassette C2 (ABCC2) gene increased intracellular oxaliplatin accumulation in the dorsal root ganglia may result in an increased risk of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OXAIPN). The present study aims to study the association between the SNPs rs1885301 G>A, rs4148396 C>T, and rs3740066 C>T in the ABCC2 gene and the incidence of OXAIPN in gastrointestinal cancer patients. The study was a prospective cohort study carried out at the Clinical Oncology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Eligible patients received FOLFOX6 and FOLFIRINOX for 8-12 cycles. The SNPs assessment was performed using Real-time PCR using the Rotor gene Q (QIAGEN ® ) system. The patients were followed up with each cycle to assess the incidence and severity of OXAIPN and other common toxicities including diarrhea, vomiting, and neutropenia. One hundred and twenty patients were included in the study. The minor allele frequency for the SNPs rs1885301 G>A, rs4148396 C>T, and rs3740066 C>T were 0.4-0.2, and 0.3 respectively. The current study showed no association between the three SNPs and the incidence and grade of OXAIPN with less than 50% of the participants reporting grade III and IV peripheral neuropathy. A significant association was found between rs4148396 C>T and the occurrence of neutropenia where TT haplotype showed a significantly higher incidence of neutropenia compared to CC + CT. In conclusion, no association was found between the SNPs and the occurrence of PN, diarrhea, and vomiting. There was only a significant difference in the incidence grades of neutropenia among haplotypes of rs4148396 C>T.
ATP结合盒C2(ABCC2)基因中的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)增加了细胞内奥沙利铂在背根神经节中的蓄积,可能导致奥沙利铂诱导的周围神经病变(OXAIPN)风险增加。本研究旨在探讨 ABCC2 基因中的 SNPs rs1885301 G>A、rs4148396 C>T 和 rs3740066 C>T 与胃肠道癌症患者 OXAIPN 发病率之间的关联。该研究是一项前瞻性队列研究,在艾因夏姆斯大学医院临床肿瘤科进行。符合条件的患者接受了 8-12 个周期的 FOLFOX6 和 FOLFIRINOX 治疗。SNPs 评估采用 Rotor gene Q (QIAGEN ® ) 实时 PCR 系统进行。每个周期对患者进行随访,以评估 OXAIPN 及其他常见毒性反应(包括腹泻、呕吐和中性粒细胞减少症)的发生率和严重程度。研究共纳入了 120 名患者。SNP rs1885301 G>A、rs4148396 C>T和rs3740066 C>T的小等位基因频率分别为0.4-0.2和0.3。目前的研究显示,这三个 SNP 与 OXAIPN 的发病率和等级没有关系,只有不到 50% 的参与者报告了 III 级和 IV 级周围神经病变。研究发现,rs4148396 C>T 与中性粒细胞减少症的发生有明显关联,其中 TT 单倍型与 CC + CT 相比,中性粒细胞减少症的发生率明显更高。总之,SNPs 与中性粒细胞减少症、腹泻和呕吐的发生没有关联。只有在 rs4148396 C>T 的单倍型中,中性粒细胞减少症的发病率等级有明显差异。
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引用次数: 0
Pathophysiology of depression: inflammation and its relation with oxidative stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 抑郁症的病理生理学:炎症及其与氧化应激和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的关系
Pub Date : 2024-02-18 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2024.249632.1143
Engy Nady, M. El-Derany, Haidy Michel, E. El-demerdash
Depression is well-known to be a widespread, disabling mental disorder. Despite the many theories that have been put forth to explain the underlying pathophysiology of depression, the exact pathophysiology remains uncertain. In this review, we aim to summarize pathophysiological pathways and experimental animal models for depression, focusing mainly on inflammatory pathways. Stress is a well-known predisposing factor for depression. So, we aim to demonstrate the link between stress and inflammation in depression pathophysiology, highlighting the role of microglia activation, the release of proinflammatory cytokines, and the production of neurotoxic metabolites. We also aim to show the link between inflammation and the disturbance of serotonin, which is also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and norepinephrine (NE) levels in the brain. Activated microglia produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which further enhances the inflammatory response. Additionally, we aim to illustrate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity that occurs as a result of stressful conditions and the consequent resistance of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), leading to the failure of glucocorticoids to suppress inflammation. We also aim to demonstrate experimental animal models of depression that are based on psychological stress, such as the maternal separation model and the social defeat stress (SDS) model, as well as reviewing the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation-based model. We also aim to briefly review the widely used chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model.
众所周知,抑郁症是一种广泛存在的致残性精神障碍。尽管人们提出了许多理论来解释抑郁症的潜在病理生理学,但确切的病理生理学仍然不确定。在这篇综述中,我们旨在总结抑郁症的病理生理学途径和实验动物模型,主要侧重于炎症途径。压力是众所周知的抑郁症易感因素。因此,我们旨在证明压力和炎症在抑郁症病理生理学中的联系,强调小胶质细胞激活、促炎细胞因子释放和神经毒性代谢产物产生的作用。我们还旨在说明炎症与大脑中血清素(又称 5- 羟色胺(5-HT))和去甲肾上腺素(NE)水平紊乱之间的联系。活化的小胶质细胞会产生活性氧(ROS),从而进一步加剧炎症反应。此外,我们还旨在说明应激条件下下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴的亢进,以及随之而来的糖皮质激素受体(GRs)的抵抗,导致糖皮质激素无法抑制炎症。我们还旨在展示基于心理应激的抑郁症实验动物模型,如母体分离模型和社会挫败应激(SDS)模型,并回顾基于脂多糖(LPS)的炎症模型。我们还将简要回顾广泛使用的慢性不可预测轻度应激(CUMS)模型。
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引用次数: 0
Chemotherapy and cognitive function: comprehensive review on methotrexate‐induced chemobrain 化疗与认知功能:甲氨蝶呤诱导的化疗脑综合评述
Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.243591.1140
Nadine Sabry, Haidy Michel, Esther Menze
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引用次数: 0
Penetration enhancer containing vesicles for dermal and transdermal drug delivery. A review. 用于皮肤和透皮给药的含渗透增强剂的囊泡。综述。
Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.246357.1141
Fatma Sarhan, Riham Elgogary, Manal Yassin, Mahmoud Soliman
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引用次数: 0
Serum NLRP3 and S1P as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Female Metastatic and Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients 血清 NLRP3 和 S1P 作为女性转移性和非转移性乳腺癌患者的潜在诊断和预后生物标记物
Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.226758.1130
Amany Kamal, Anas Soltan, Reham A. El-Shemy, Hala El-Mesallamy
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引用次数: 0
Advancements in Skin Aging Treatment: Exploring Antioxidants and Nanoparticles for Enhanced Skin Permeation 皮肤老化治疗的进展:探索抗氧化剂和纳米粒子以增强皮肤渗透性
Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.250333.1146
Raghda Elsisi, Dina Helal, George Mekhail, Dalia Abou Hussein, Amany Osama
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引用次数: 0
Lignin from a disposable by-product to a repository of value-added compounds 木质素从一次性副产品转化为增值化合物储存库
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.229635.1132
Sarah Milad, Sarra Saleh, Mohammad Aboulwafa, Nadia Hassouna
Across the planet, lignin is widely distributed as one of the most pervasive polymers in existence. It naturally exists as an inherent component of the plant’s structure. In the paper industry, kraft lignin (KL) disposal in large amounts as a waste by-product may potentially result in toxicity to aquatic ecosystems. We can get more value from this plentiful polymer and convert it to value-added products instead of its disposal. Several methods have been described to degrade lignin. These procedures are frequently severe and harmful to the environment. Out of them, biological methods are eco-friendly, ensure consistent production, and cause lower toxicity to the environment. Due to their extensive environmental adaptability and easy genetic engineering, numerous ligninolytic bacteria have been found and studied for lignin use. This includes biodegradation and valorization of lignin into commercial compounds such as fuels, phenolic compounds, ferulic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), and vanillin. Besides, ligninolytic enzymes produced from several microorganisms have tremendous applications in other industrial fields including textile dye effluent decolorization and bioremediation. This review elucidates the current approaches to lignin degradation. We give an overview of the recent research on the discovery and application of bacterial ligninolytic enzymes and their various optimization strategies. This article also includes the new applications for the utilization of lignin as an economical and alternative-resource material either in the medical field or through biological conversion to value-added products and highlights future perspectives for the improvement of the lignin biodegradation process.
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引用次数: 0
Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship TLR-4在神经炎症中的作用:对COVID-19关系的提示
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.231700.1133
Salma Elshafey, Dalia El-Khouly, Esther Menze, Mariane Tadros
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. Within the central nervous system, microglia express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) abundantly, which prompts the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, and NO that are considered essential components of neuroinflammation. The emergence of neurological complications in patients with COVID-19 has spurred investigations into the potential involvement of TLR-4. Particularly intriguing is its contribution to the cytokine storms triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 infections. This comprehensive review investigates TLR-4-induced neuroinflammation, focusing on its potential connection to cognitive decline and neurological symptoms triggered by COVID-19. By unraveling the intricate mechanisms by which TLR-4 mediates neuroinflammation, this review aims to shed light on its possible role in the context of COVID-19. Understanding the implications of TLR-4 activation could pave the way for targeted interventions to alleviate the cognitive and neurological impacts of COVID-19. As the world seeks to comprehend the far-reaching effects of the pandemic, grasping the nuances of TLR-4-associated neuroinflammation stands as a crucial step in addressing the challenges posed by cognitive decline and neurological manifestations in patients with COVID-19.
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引用次数: 0
Pyridazine Based Compounds with PARP-1 Inhibitory Activity 具有PARP-1抑制活性的吡嗪类化合物
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.224318.1127
maiy Jaballah, Norhan Abdelrahman, Ahmed Al-Karmalawy, Khaled Abouzid
Pyridazine-based compounds have been identified as potent PARP1 inhibitors. The PARP is an enzyme family essential for many cellular activities such as the Repair of DNA, apoptosis, and genomic stability, also known as poly (ADP-ribose) synthetases and poly (ADP-ribose) transferases. PARP1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability. The inhibition of PARP1 has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of various cancers, especially those with defects in DNA repair pathways. An array of Diazine-based-containing compounds was recognized as redoubtable PARP1 inhibitors, including Olaparib, and Talazoparib. These compounds have manifested successful results in clinical studies, exhibiting their benefit in various cancer therapies, including ovarian, breast, and pancreatic cancers. In the following review, we will highlight some of the most recent Pyridazine-based compounds and their role in the development of tacit PAPR1 inhibitors.
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Novel 4-Oxo-4H-chromen-Hydroxamic Acid Derivative Targeting Selected HDAC Isoforms 靶向HDAC亚型的新型4-氧- 4h -铬-羟肟酸衍生物的鉴定
Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.21608/aps.2023.226661.1128
Rosaline Ashraf, Mai Adel, Rabah Serya, Khaled Abouzid
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) represent a well-known class of compounds that exhibit potential therapeutic efficacy in a variety of diseases, particularly cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. This article discusses the development of compound 6 as a new HDAC inhibitor. It was designed based on the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the previously reported HDAC inhibitors and the molecular modeling studies. Compound 6 was synthesized, and its structure was verified using different spectroscopic methods. It was biologically evaluated to assess its inhibitory activity against different HDAC isoforms, including HDAC1, 6, and 8. The results showed moderate inhibition against HDAC 1 and HDAC 8 over HDAC 6. It was also evaluated for its antineoplastic activity against the NCI 60 cancer cell line panel. The results revealed inhibitory activity against both the UO-31 renal cancer cell line and the BT-549 breast cancer cell line. Moreover, the Molecular modeling studies revealed a favorable binding affinity for the HDAC8 active site. These results suggest that compound 6 can be considered a promising candidate for the development of new selective class I HDACIs in the future.
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Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University
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