Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-04-24DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2199799
Andrew T Ton, Sarah P Carter, Rebecca Leitner, Lori A Zoellner, Natalie Mizik, Mark A Reger
Objective: In the evidence-based suicide prevention intervention, Caring Letters, healthcare providers send brief, caring messages to patients following psychiatric inpatient care, a time of elevated suicide risk. However, recent studies with military populations have found mixed results. An adaptation of Caring Letters employed a peer framework in which veterans from the community wrote brief caring messages to veterans discharging from psychiatric inpatient treatment after a suicidal crisis.
Methods: The present study utilized content analysis to assess 90 caring messages generated by 15 peer veterans recruited from veteran service organizations (e.g., American Legion).
Results: Three themes emerged: (1) Shared Military Service, (2) Care, and (3) Overcoming Adversity. Peer-generated content varied in how the coded themes were expressed in the messages.
Conclusion: These veteran-to-veteran caring messages may bolster belongingness, social support, and destigmatize mental health struggles, and have the potential to augment existing Caring Letters effects and interventions.
{"title":"Peer-Written Caring Letters for Veterans after a Suicidal Crisis.","authors":"Andrew T Ton, Sarah P Carter, Rebecca Leitner, Lori A Zoellner, Natalie Mizik, Mark A Reger","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199799","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In the evidence-based suicide prevention intervention, Caring Letters, healthcare providers send brief, caring messages to patients following psychiatric inpatient care, a time of elevated suicide risk. However, recent studies with military populations have found mixed results. An adaptation of Caring Letters employed a peer framework in which veterans from the community wrote brief caring messages to veterans discharging from psychiatric inpatient treatment after a suicidal crisis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study utilized content analysis to assess 90 caring messages generated by 15 peer veterans recruited from veteran service organizations (e.g., American Legion).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes emerged: (1) Shared Military Service, (2) Care, and (3) Overcoming Adversity. Peer-generated content varied in how the coded themes were expressed in the messages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These veteran-to-veteran caring messages may bolster belongingness, social support, and destigmatize mental health struggles, and have the potential to augment existing Caring Letters effects and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9759175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2199803
Lei Chai
Objectives: The present study asks: Is disability associated with suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults in Canada? And if so, do cultural resources-as measured by cultural identity affect, cultural group belonging, cultural engagement, and cultural exploration-modify this association?
Methods: Data were from a nationally representative sample of First Nations peoples living off-reserve, Métis, and Inuit across Canada-the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (N = 16,125). A series of weighted logistic regression models were performed.
Results: Indigenous adults with disabilities were significantly more likely than those without disabilities to report suicidal ideation, even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and physical and mental health conditions. At the same time, people with multiple disabilities were at greater risk for suicidal ideation, with the largest association among those with five or more disabilities. Furthermore, the detrimental association between disability status and suicidal ideation attenuated among those who reported cultural group belonging. In a similar vein, the buffering role of cultural group belonging was also observed in the association between the number of disabilities and suicidal ideation.
Conclusions: This study provides compelling evidence that disability is a risk factor for suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults and that cultural group belonging plays a stress-buffering role in this relationship.
{"title":"Disability and Suicidal Ideation among Indigenous Adults in Canada: Cultural Resources as Contingencies.","authors":"Lei Chai","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199803","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study asks: Is disability associated with suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults in Canada? And if so, do cultural resources-as measured by cultural identity affect, cultural group belonging, cultural engagement, and cultural exploration-modify this association?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from a nationally representative sample of First Nations peoples living off-reserve, Métis, and Inuit across Canada-the 2017 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (<i>N</i> = 16,125). A series of weighted logistic regression models were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Indigenous adults with disabilities were significantly more likely than those without disabilities to report suicidal ideation, even after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and physical and mental health conditions. At the same time, people with multiple disabilities were at greater risk for suicidal ideation, with the largest association among those with five or more disabilities. Furthermore, the detrimental association between disability status and suicidal ideation attenuated among those who reported cultural group belonging. In a similar vein, the buffering role of cultural group belonging was also observed in the association between the number of disabilities and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides compelling evidence that disability is a risk factor for suicidal ideation among Indigenous adults and that cultural group belonging plays a stress-buffering role in this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9283415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The purpose of this study was to clarify changes over time in suicidal tendencies among crisis hotline service users in Japan before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: We analyzed telephone consultation data from January 2017 to June 2021 held by Inochi No Denwa, a leading organization providing a telephone crisis hotline in Japan. The number of monthly consultations by gender and the monthly counts of consultations identified by counselors as suicidal were collected, and we calculated trends over time in the proportion of suicidal calls by month using Joinpoint regression analysis.
Results: The results indicated that the use of telephone crisis hotlines by suicidal callers increased significantly in Japan during the second wave of the pandemic in June to October 2020. These trends were also observed for both male and female users, although the increase began 1 month earlier for females than for males.
Conclusion: Previous studies reported that mental health deteriorated and suicide risk increased significantly during the second wave of COVID-19 in Japan. These trends are consistent with the present findings, suggesting increased use of the crisis hotline by individuals at high suicide risk.
{"title":"Use of Telephone Crisis Hotline by Callers with Suicidality in Japan during the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Yotaro Katsumata, Hitoshi Hachisuka, Nobuko Sago, Yasuo Shimizu, Kikuo Oikawa, Shigeo Horii, Seiji Kimata","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199807","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to clarify changes over time in suicidal tendencies among crisis hotline service users in Japan before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed telephone consultation data from January 2017 to June 2021 held by Inochi No Denwa, a leading organization providing a telephone crisis hotline in Japan. The number of monthly consultations by gender and the monthly counts of consultations identified by counselors as suicidal were collected, and we calculated trends over time in the proportion of suicidal calls by month using Joinpoint regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the use of telephone crisis hotlines by suicidal callers increased significantly in Japan during the second wave of the pandemic in June to October 2020. These trends were also observed for both male and female users, although the increase began 1 month earlier for females than for males.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Previous studies reported that mental health deteriorated and suicide risk increased significantly during the second wave of COVID-19 in Japan. These trends are consistent with the present findings, suggesting increased use of the crisis hotline by individuals at high suicide risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9642678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-04-19DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2199798
Kimberly D Gomes, Tyler L Collette, Michael Schlenk, Jason Judkins, Israel Sanchez-Cardona, Bianca Channer, Patricia Ross, George Fredrick, Brian A Moore
Objective: Trauma and stressor-related behavioral health conditions are prevalent in military populations and have become a major public health concern in recent years. Individuals who commonly report suicidal ideation often have comorbid mental health diagnoses (i.e., posttraumatic stress disorder; PTSD). However, the mechanisms associated with stress, suicidal ideation, and PTSD are unclear.
Method: The present study examined the moderating role of dysfunctional and recovery cognitions between (i) PTSD and suicidal ideation, and (ii) stress and suicidal ideation in two distinct samples. Sample 1 was composed of civilians and military personnel (N = 322). Sample 2 was composed of (N = 377) student service members and veterans (SSM/Vs).
Results: In Study 1, we found that low recovery cognitions at higher and moderate levels of PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with increased suicidal ideation. High dysfunctional cognitions were significantly associated with suicidal ideation at higher levels of PTSD symptoms. In Study 2, we found no differences in any level of recovery cognitions at low and moderate stress levels with suicidal ideation. Higher levels of stress were associated with high dysfunctional cognitions and suicidal ideation.
Conclusion: Promoting higher levels of recovery cognitions and reducing dysfunctional cognitions are important in addressing stress, suicidal ideation, and comorbid conditions such as PTSD. Future research should focus on examining the clinical utility of the Dispositional Recovery and Dysfunction Inventory (DRDI) in other populations (i.e., firefighters and paramedics). This could contribute to efforts of suicide prevention and the promotion of the well-being of individuals experiencing suicidal ideation.
{"title":"Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Suicidal ideation, and Stress: The Moderating Role of Dysfunctional and Recovery Cognitions.","authors":"Kimberly D Gomes, Tyler L Collette, Michael Schlenk, Jason Judkins, Israel Sanchez-Cardona, Bianca Channer, Patricia Ross, George Fredrick, Brian A Moore","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199798","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2199798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Trauma and stressor-related behavioral health conditions are prevalent in military populations and have become a major public health concern in recent years. Individuals who commonly report suicidal ideation often have comorbid mental health diagnoses (i.e., posttraumatic stress disorder; PTSD). However, the mechanisms associated with stress, suicidal ideation, and PTSD are unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The present study examined the moderating role of dysfunctional and recovery cognitions between (i) PTSD and suicidal ideation, and (ii) stress and suicidal ideation in two distinct samples. Sample 1 was composed of civilians and military personnel (<i>N</i> = 322). Sample 2 was composed of (<i>N</i> = 377) student service members and veterans (SSM/Vs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Study 1, we found that low recovery cognitions at higher and moderate levels of PTSD symptoms were significantly associated with increased suicidal ideation. High dysfunctional cognitions were significantly associated with suicidal ideation at higher levels of PTSD symptoms. In Study 2, we found no differences in any level of recovery cognitions at low and moderate stress levels with suicidal ideation. Higher levels of stress were associated with high dysfunctional cognitions and suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Promoting higher levels of recovery cognitions and reducing dysfunctional cognitions are important in addressing stress, suicidal ideation, and comorbid conditions such as PTSD. Future research should focus on examining the clinical utility of the Dispositional Recovery and Dysfunction Inventory (DRDI) in other populations (i.e., firefighters and paramedics). This could contribute to efforts of suicide prevention and the promotion of the well-being of individuals experiencing suicidal ideation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9752318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-03-30DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2192765
Katherine M Schafer, Thomas E Joiner
Previous suicide attempts, psychopathology symptoms, and pain significantly increase risk of suicide, a leading cause of death. It is possible that patients across these three groups exhibit key differences that could provide insights into unique interventions for suicide-related outcomes. Data were collected using a standardized form at 432 emergency departments (EDs; 14,018 participants [females, n = 8,042; 57.4%; males, n = 5,976; 42.6%]). We conducted a series of ANOVAs to investigate if patients presenting for (1) suicide attempts (n = 33; 0.2%), (2) psychopathology symptoms (n = 1,104; 7.9%), or (3) pain (n = 12,881; 91.9%) varied across a variety of healthcare-relevant variables. Findings indicated that patients presenting with suicide attempts were seen with more urgency (F[2,12054] = 66.41, p < .001) and were more likely to be admitted to hospitalization (F[2,14015] = 187.296, p < .001), observation unit overall (F[2,14015] = 78.572, p < .001), or transferred to another hospital (F[2,14015] = 406.568, p < .001); they also required longer visits (F [2, 12054] = 66.41, p < .001) as compared to patients with psychopathology symptoms or pain. Notably, potentially important similarities between groups emerged: groups did not differ across leaving without medical screening, leaving against medical advice, or contact with healthcare providers in the long-term (i.e., twelve months) or short-term (i.e., 72 hours) preceding ED admission. These findings in particular indicate that there could be ample time (1) prior to admission to intervene and (2) during care in EDs to connect patients to goal-oriented, time-limited evidence based psychotherapies at a time when they may be particularly willing to engage in care.
自杀未遂、精神病理症状和疼痛会显著增加自杀风险,而自杀是导致死亡的主要原因。这三类患者可能会表现出关键的差异,从而为针对自杀相关结果的独特干预措施提供启示。我们在 432 个急诊科(EDs;14018 名参与者[女性,n = 8042;57.4%;男性,n = 5976;42.6%])使用标准化表格收集了数据。我们进行了一系列方差分析,以研究因以下原因就诊的患者是否存在差异:(1)自杀未遂(33 人;0.2%);(2)精神病理症状(1104 人;7.9%);或(3)疼痛(12881 人;91.9%)。研究结果表明,自杀未遂患者的就诊时间更紧迫(F[2,12054] = 66.41, p F[2,14015] = 187.296, p F[2,14015] = 78.572, p F[2,14015] = 406.568, p F [2, 12054] = 66.41, p
{"title":"A Comparison of Patients Presenting with Suicide Attempts, Psychopathology Symptoms, or Pain within Emergency Departments.","authors":"Katherine M Schafer, Thomas E Joiner","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2192765","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2192765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous suicide attempts, psychopathology symptoms, and pain significantly increase risk of suicide, a leading cause of death. It is possible that patients across these three groups exhibit key differences that could provide insights into unique interventions for suicide-related outcomes. Data were collected using a standardized form at 432 emergency departments (EDs; 14,018 participants [females, <i>n</i> = 8,042; 57.4%; males, <i>n</i> = 5,976; 42.6%]). We conducted a series of ANOVAs to investigate if patients presenting for (1) suicide attempts (<i>n</i> = 33; 0.2%), (2) psychopathology symptoms (<i>n</i> = 1,104; 7.9%), or (3) pain (<i>n</i> = 12,881; 91.9%) varied across a variety of healthcare-relevant variables. Findings indicated that patients presenting with suicide attempts were seen with more urgency (<i>F</i>[2,12054] = 66.41, <i>p</i> < .001) and were more likely to be admitted to hospitalization (<i>F</i>[2,14015] = 187.296, <i>p</i> < .001), observation unit overall (<i>F</i>[2,14015] = 78.572, <i>p</i> < .001), or transferred to another hospital (<i>F</i>[2,14015] = 406.568, <i>p</i> < .001); they also required longer visits (<i>F</i> [2, 12054] = 66.41, <i>p</i> < .001) as compared to patients with psychopathology symptoms or pain. Notably, potentially important similarities between groups emerged: groups did not differ across leaving without medical screening, leaving against medical advice, or contact with healthcare providers in the long-term (i.e., twelve months) or short-term (i.e., 72 hours) preceding ED admission. These findings in particular indicate that there could be ample time (1) prior to admission to intervene and (2) during care in EDs to connect patients to goal-oriented, time-limited evidence based psychotherapies at a time when they may be particularly willing to engage in care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9557519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-06-11DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2220757
İbrahim Sönmez
Background: Suicide continues to be one of the main causes of death among adults in the U.S. Research showed an association between sexual identity-attraction discordance (IAD) and adverse health outcomes, including suicidal ideation.
Methods: We sought to determine whether sexual IAD is associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), namely suicidal thoughts, plans, and suicide attempts, in the past year. We examined data from adults participating in the most recent six waves (2015-2020) of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
Results: Men who report sexual identity-attraction discordance were at greater risk of reporting suicidal thoughts (aOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.24-6.00) and plans (aOR = 5.71, 95% CI: 3.32-9.81) in the past year. Stratified by sexual identity, results showed that gay (aOR = 5.92, 95% CI: 1.54-22.7) and bisexual men (aOR = 4.38, 95% CI: 2.17-8.83) had higher odds of reporting suicide plans and heterosexual (aOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.06-6.68), gay (aOR = 7.05, 95% CI: 1.88-26.4), and bisexual men (aOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 4.37-22.9) had higher odds of suicide attempts when compared to men with concordant sexual identity-attraction. We found that bisexual women who report sexual identity-attraction discordance had less odds of reporting suicidal thoughts (aOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21-0.63) and suicide plans (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89) than women with concordant sexual identity-attraction. Among bisexual-identified males, those who experience sexual identity-attraction discordance were at greater risk for past-year suicidal thoughts (aOR = 3.82, 95% CI: 2.12-6.91) and suicide attempts (aOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 2.13-13.1) when compared to bisexual men with concordant sexual identity-attraction.
Conclusion: Sexual IAD is associated with SITB and particularly concerning results emerged concerning bisexual-identified men.
{"title":"How Does Sexual Identity-Attraction Discordance Influence Suicide Risk? A Study on Male and Female Adults in the U.S.","authors":"İbrahim Sönmez","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2220757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2220757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide continues to be one of the main causes of death among adults in the U.S. Research showed an association between sexual identity-attraction discordance (IAD) and adverse health outcomes, including suicidal ideation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We sought to determine whether sexual IAD is associated with self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs), namely suicidal thoughts, plans, and suicide attempts, in the past year. We examined data from adults participating in the most recent six waves (2015-2020) of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Men who report sexual identity-attraction discordance were at greater risk of reporting suicidal thoughts (aOR = 3.67, 95% CI: 2.24-6.00) and plans (aOR = 5.71, 95% CI: 3.32-9.81) in the past year. Stratified by sexual identity, results showed that gay (aOR = 5.92, 95% CI: 1.54-22.7) and bisexual men (aOR = 4.38, 95% CI: 2.17-8.83) had higher odds of reporting suicide plans and heterosexual (aOR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.06-6.68), gay (aOR = 7.05, 95% CI: 1.88-26.4), and bisexual men (aOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 4.37-22.9) had higher odds of suicide attempts when compared to men with concordant sexual identity-attraction. We found that bisexual women who report sexual identity-attraction discordance had less odds of reporting suicidal thoughts (aOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.21-0.63) and suicide plans (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89) than women with concordant sexual identity-attraction. Among bisexual-identified males, those who experience sexual identity-attraction discordance were at greater risk for past-year suicidal thoughts (aOR = 3.82, 95% CI: 2.12-6.91) and suicide attempts (aOR = 5.30, 95% CI: 2.13-13.1) when compared to bisexual men with concordant sexual identity-attraction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sexual IAD is associated with SITB and particularly concerning results emerged concerning bisexual-identified men.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9612357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2200795
Eric B Elbogen, Robert C Graziano, Gillian LaRue, Alicia J Cohen, Dina Hooshyar, H Ryan Wagner, Jack Tsai
Objective: Research examining social determinants of suicide risk in veterans suggests a potential link between food insecurity and subsequent suicidal ideation in military veterans. The objective of this study is to investigate, if and how, food insecurity predicts subsequent suicidal ideation in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of veterans.
Methods: A national longitudinal survey was analyzed of participants randomly drawn from over one million U.S. military service members who served after September 11, 2001. N = 1,090 veterans provided two waves of data one year apart (79% retention rate); the final sample was representative of post-9/11 veterans in all 50 states and all military branches.
Results: Veterans with food insecurity had nearly four times higher suicidal ideation one year later compared to veterans not reporting food insecurity (39% vs 10%). In multivariable analyses controlling for demographic, military, and clinical covariates, food insecurity (OR = 2.37, p =.0165) predicted suicidal ideation one year later, as did mental health disorders (OR = 2.12, p = .0097). Veterans with both food insecurity and mental health disorders had a more than nine-fold increase in predicted probability of suicidal ideation in the subsequent year compared to veterans with neither food insecurity nor mental health disorders (48.5% vs. 5.5%).
Conclusion: These findings identify food insecurity as an independent risk marker for suicidal ideation in military veterans in addition to mental disorders. Food insecurity is both an indicator of and an intervention point for subsequent suicide risk. Regularly assessing for food insecurity, and intervening accordingly, can provide upstream opportunities to reduce odds of suicide among veterans.
目的:研究退伍军人自杀风险的社会决定因素,表明退伍军人食物不安全与随后的自杀意念之间存在潜在联系。本研究的目的是调查,如果以及如何,粮食不安全预测随后的自杀意念在全国代表性的退伍军人纵向调查。方法:一项全国性的纵向调查分析了从2001年9月11日之后服役的100多万美国军人中随机抽取的参与者。N = 1090名退伍军人相隔一年提供两波数据(79%留存率);最后的样本代表了所有50个州和所有军事部门的9/11后退伍军人。结果:一年后,有食物不安全的退伍军人的自杀意念几乎是没有食物不安全的退伍军人的四倍(39%对10%)。在控制人口统计学、军事和临床协变量的多变量分析中,食品不安全(OR = 2.37, p = 0.0165)预测一年后的自杀意念,精神健康障碍(OR = 2.12, p = 0.0097)也是如此。与既没有食物不安全和精神健康障碍的退伍军人相比,有食物不安全和精神健康障碍的退伍军人在接下来的一年里自杀意念的预测概率增加了9倍多(48.5%对5.5%)。结论:这些发现表明,除了精神障碍外,食物不安全是退伍军人自杀意念的独立风险标志。粮食不安全既是随后自杀风险的一个指标,也是一个干预点。定期评估粮食不安全状况并进行相应干预,可以为降低退伍军人自杀的几率提供上游机会。食物不安全的退伍军人有更高的自杀意念风险。患有精神疾病的退伍军人在一年后产生自杀念头的几率更高。粮食不安全加上精神健康障碍导致自杀意念大幅增加。
{"title":"Food Insecurity and Suicidal Ideation: Results from a National Longitudinal Study of Military Veterans.","authors":"Eric B Elbogen, Robert C Graziano, Gillian LaRue, Alicia J Cohen, Dina Hooshyar, H Ryan Wagner, Jack Tsai","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2200795","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2200795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research examining social determinants of suicide risk in veterans suggests a potential link between food insecurity and subsequent suicidal ideation in military veterans. The objective of this study is to investigate, if and how, food insecurity predicts subsequent suicidal ideation in a nationally representative longitudinal survey of veterans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A national longitudinal survey was analyzed of participants randomly drawn from over one million U.S. military service members who served after September 11, 2001. N = 1,090 veterans provided two waves of data one year apart (79% retention rate); the final sample was representative of post-9/11 veterans in all 50 states and all military branches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Veterans with food insecurity had nearly four times higher suicidal ideation one year later compared to veterans not reporting food insecurity (39% vs 10%). In multivariable analyses controlling for demographic, military, and clinical covariates, food insecurity (OR = 2.37, <i>p</i> =.0165) predicted suicidal ideation one year later, as did mental health disorders (OR = 2.12, <i>p</i> = .0097). Veterans with both food insecurity and mental health disorders had a more than nine-fold increase in predicted probability of suicidal ideation in the subsequent year compared to veterans with neither food insecurity nor mental health disorders (48.5% vs. 5.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings identify food insecurity as an independent risk marker for suicidal ideation in military veterans in addition to mental disorders. Food insecurity is both an indicator of and an intervention point for subsequent suicide risk. Regularly assessing for food insecurity, and intervening accordingly, can provide upstream opportunities to reduce odds of suicide among veterans.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10636240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10376544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-04-04DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2190367
G Gorraiz, G Porta, D L McMakin, B D Kennard, A B Douaihy, C Biernesser, A A Foxwell, K Wolfe, T Goldstein, D A Brent
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify baseline demographic and clinical factors associated with higher scores on the Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (RFL-A) at baseline and over follow-up.
Method: Using data from a pilot clinical trial of a brief intervention for suicidal youth transitioning from inpatient to outpatient, we identified univariate associations of baseline characteristics with RFL-A and used regression to identify the most parsimonious subset of these variables. Finally, we examined to what extent changes in these characteristics over time were related to changes in RFL-A.
Results: Univariate analyses found that better external functional emotion regulation and social support were associated with higher RFL-A scores; more self-reported depression, internal dysfunctional emotion regulation, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and distress tolerance were associated with lower RFL-A scores. Multiple linear regression identified internal dysfunctional emotion regulation and external functional emotion regulation as the most parsimonious set of characteristics associated with RFL-A. Improvement in internal emotion regulation, sleep, and depression were related to improvements in RFL-A over time.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that emotion regulation-specifically maladaptive internal strategies and use of external resources-is strongly associated with RFL-A. Improvements in internal emotion regulation (r = 0.57), sleep (r = -0.45), and depression (r = -0.34) were related to increases in RFL-A.
{"title":"Factors Associated With Reasons for Living Among Suicidal Adolescents.","authors":"G Gorraiz, G Porta, D L McMakin, B D Kennard, A B Douaihy, C Biernesser, A A Foxwell, K Wolfe, T Goldstein, D A Brent","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2190367","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2190367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify baseline demographic and clinical factors associated with higher scores on the Reasons for Living Inventory for Adolescents (RFL-A) at baseline and over follow-up.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using data from a pilot clinical trial of a brief intervention for suicidal youth transitioning from inpatient to outpatient, we identified univariate associations of baseline characteristics with RFL-A and used regression to identify the most parsimonious subset of these variables. Finally, we examined to what extent changes in these characteristics over time were related to changes in RFL-A.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analyses found that better external functional emotion regulation and social support were associated with higher RFL-A scores; more self-reported depression, internal dysfunctional emotion regulation, sleep disturbance, anxiety, and distress tolerance were associated with lower RFL-A scores. Multiple linear regression identified internal dysfunctional emotion regulation and external functional emotion regulation as the most parsimonious set of characteristics associated with RFL-A. Improvement in internal emotion regulation, sleep, and depression were related to improvements in RFL-A over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that emotion regulation-specifically maladaptive internal strategies and use of external resources-is strongly associated with RFL-A. Improvements in internal emotion regulation (<i>r</i> = 0.57), sleep (<i>r</i> = -0.45), and depression (<i>r</i> = -0.34) were related to increases in RFL-A.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10548347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9242606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2192753
Michael D Anestis
Firearms account for approximately half of all suicide deaths within the United States each year. Recently, Lane and Kleck published pieces reporting conflicting results regarding the relationship between firearm access and suicide rates. In this commentary, I aim to contextualize the findings within the broader literature and to provide clarity for readers aiming to navigate the findings of the two studies. Ultimately, I conclude that the results of Lane more accurately represent the nature of the relationship and align with the extant literature on the topic.
{"title":"Firearm Access and Suicide Rates: An Unambiguously Robust Association.","authors":"Michael D Anestis","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2192753","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2192753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Firearms account for approximately half of all suicide deaths within the United States each year. Recently, Lane and Kleck published pieces reporting conflicting results regarding the relationship between firearm access and suicide rates. In this commentary, I aim to contextualize the findings within the broader literature and to provide clarity for readers aiming to navigate the findings of the two studies. Ultimately, I conclude that the results of Lane more accurately represent the nature of the relationship and align with the extant literature on the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2023-03-29DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2190781
Natalie M Reily, Samantha Tang, Philip J Batterham, Bani Aadam, Brian Draper, Fiona Shand, Jin Han, Angela Nicholas, Helen Christensen
Objective: Men are less likely than women to engage with formal mental health services for suicidality. We describe the sources of support, barriers to service use, and coping strategies of men with past-year suicidal ideation who are not receiving formal mental health services.
Method: Australian men experiencing past-year suicidal ideation who also did not receive formal mental health services within the past year (n = 176) completed a survey that assessed help-seeking behaviors, coping strategies and styles, use of general services, barriers to service use, and individual-level characteristics. Analyses included descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses.
Results: The most common type of support was self-help resources, and self-reliance was the most common barrier to formal mental health service use. Most participants had seen a GP for non-mental-health-related reasons in the past year. Men who did not seek any help for their suicidality experienced lower instrumental barriers and perceived need for support, and lower levels of certain coping styles. Limitations included a cross-sectional design and small sample size.
Conclusion: The current study provides insight into the help-seeking experiences of men with past-year suicidality and not receiving formal mental health services. The findings suggest it may be helpful to improve the linkage between online and informal sources of support and evidence-based interventions.
{"title":"Help-Seeking and Barriers to Service Use amongst Men with Past-Year Suicidal Ideation and not in Contact with Mental Health Services.","authors":"Natalie M Reily, Samantha Tang, Philip J Batterham, Bani Aadam, Brian Draper, Fiona Shand, Jin Han, Angela Nicholas, Helen Christensen","doi":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2190781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13811118.2023.2190781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Men are less likely than women to engage with formal mental health services for suicidality. We describe the sources of support, barriers to service use, and coping strategies of men with past-year suicidal ideation who are not receiving formal mental health services.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Australian men experiencing past-year suicidal ideation who also did not receive formal mental health services within the past year (<i>n</i> = 176) completed a survey that assessed help-seeking behaviors, coping strategies and styles, use of general services, barriers to service use, and individual-level characteristics. Analyses included descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common type of support was self-help resources, and self-reliance was the most common barrier to formal mental health service use. Most participants had seen a GP for non-mental-health-related reasons in the past year. Men who did not seek any help for their suicidality experienced lower instrumental barriers and perceived need for support, and lower levels of certain coping styles. Limitations included a cross-sectional design and small sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study provides insight into the help-seeking experiences of men with past-year suicidality and not receiving formal mental health services. The findings suggest it may be helpful to improve the linkage between online and informal sources of support and evidence-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8325,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Suicide Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9567982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}