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Reviving the interference: Framework and proof-of-principle for the anomalous gluon self-interaction in the SMEFT 恢复干涉:SMEFT中异常胶子自相互作用的框架和原理证明
Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.103.095009
C. Degrande, Matteo Maltoni
Interferences are not positive-definite and therefore they can change sign over the phase space. If the contributions of the regions where the interference is positive and negative nearly cancel each other, interference effects are hard to measure. In this paper, we propose a method to quantify the ability of an observable to separate an interference positive and negative contributions and therefore to revive the interference effects in measurements. We apply this method to the anomalous gluon operator in the SMEFT for which the interference suppression is well-known. We show that we can get contraints on its coefficient, using the interference only, similar to those obtained by including the square of the new physics amplitude.
干扰不是正定的,因此它们可以在相空间中改变符号。如果干扰为正和负的区域的贡献几乎相互抵消,则干扰效应很难测量。在本文中,我们提出了一种方法来量化可观察到的分离干扰正贡献和负贡献的能力,从而恢复测量中的干扰效应。我们将该方法应用于smft中具有干扰抑制特性的反常胶子算子。我们表明,我们可以得到对其系数的约束,仅使用干涉,类似于通过包含新的物理振幅的平方所得到的约束。
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引用次数: 2
Production of $nu_{tau}$ neutrinos and ${overline nu}_{tau}$ antineutrinos - elaborate calculation for a fixed target experiment SHiP $nu_{tau}$中微子和${overline nu}_{tau}$反中微子的产生——固定目标实验船的详细计算
Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.22323/1.390.0161
R. Maciuła
We discuss cross sections for $nu_{tau}$ and ${overline nu}_{tau}$ production from the direct $D_s^{pm} to nu_{tau}/{overline nu}_{tau}$ and chain $D_s^{pm} to tau^+/tau^- to nu_{tau}/{overline nu}_{tau}$ decays in $p!+^{96}!mathrm{Mo}$ scattering with proton beam $E_{mathrm{lab}}$ = 400 GeV textit{i.e.} at $sqrt{s}_{NN}$ = 27.4 GeV. In our calculations we include $D_s^{pm}$ from charm fragmentation $c to D_s^{+}$ and $bar c to D_s^-$ as well as those from subleading fragmentation of strange quarks/antiquarks $s to D_s^-$ and $bar s to D_s^+$. The different contributions to $D_s^{pm}$ and $nu_{tau} / {overline nu}_{tau}$ production rates are shown explicitly. Estimates of a number of observed $nu_{tau} / overline{nu}_{tau}$ in the $nu_{tau} / overline{nu}_{tau} +^{208}!mathrm{Pb}$ reaction, with 2m long target are given.
我们讨论了在质子束$E_{mathrm{lab}}$ = 400 GeVtextit{即}$sqrt{s}_{NN}$ = 27.4 GeV的$p!+^{96}!mathrm{Mo}$散射下,直接$D_s^{pm} to nu_{tau}/{overline nu}_{tau}$和链$D_s^{pm} to tau^+/tau^- to nu_{tau}/{overline nu}_{tau}$衰变产生$nu_{tau}$和${overline nu}_{tau}$的截面。在我们的计算中,我们包括了符号化碎片$c to D_s^{+}$和$bar c to D_s^-$的$D_s^{pm}$,以及奇异夸克/反夸克子碎片$s to D_s^-$和$bar s to D_s^+$的。对$D_s^{pm}$和$nu_{tau} / {overline nu}_{tau}$生产率的不同贡献被明确地显示出来。给出了在目标长度为2米的$nu_{tau} / overline{nu}_{tau} +^{208}!mathrm{Pb}$反应中所观察到的$nu_{tau} / overline{nu}_{tau}$数的估计。
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引用次数: 0
Thermomagnetic properties of QCD QCD的热磁特性
Pub Date : 2020-12-11 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.014025
C. P. Hofmann
We explore the low-energy regime of quantum chromodynamics subjected to an external magnetic field by deriving the two-loop representations for the entropy density and the magnetization within chiral perturbation theory (CHPT). At fixed temperature, the entropy density drops when the magnetic field becomes stronger. The magnetization induced at finite temperature is negative in the entire parameter region accessible by CHPT. We also point out that the enhancement of the finite-temperature part in the quark condensate is correlated with the decrease of the entropy density.
我们通过推导手性微扰理论(CHPT)中熵密度和磁化强度的双环表示,探讨了受外磁场影响的量子色动力学的低能态。在一定温度下,磁场越强,熵密度越小。在有限温度下,CHPT可到达的整个参数区域的磁化强度为负。我们还指出,夸克凝聚体中有限温度部分的增强与熵密度的减小有关。
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引用次数: 3
Using dipole processes to constrain the flavour of four-fermion effective interactions 利用偶极子过程约束四费米子有效相互作用的性质
Pub Date : 2020-12-10 DOI: 10.22323/1.390.0434
L. V. Silva, S. Jager, K. Leslie
Dipole interactions encode a rich variety of phenomena, such as radiative decays and electric dipole moments in both quark and lepton sectors, which probe physics beyond the Standard Model up to very high energy scales; due to renormalization, non-dipole operators mix into dipole ones, thus possibly generating observable effects that can be investigated by those same phenomena. I consider four-fermion contact interactions for which the leading order mixing into dipoles happens at two-loops (i.e., when one-loop effects vanish) and for which this mixing can avoid small Yukawa couplings, and then explore the phenomenological consequences for flavour and $ mathbf{CP} $ violation coming from New Physics.
偶极相互作用编码了丰富多样的现象,例如夸克和轻子扇区中的辐射衰减和电偶极矩,它们探测超出标准模型的物理,直至非常高的能量尺度;由于重整化,非偶极子算符混合到偶极子算符中,从而可能产生可观察到的效应,这些效应可以用相同的现象来研究。我考虑了四费米子接触相互作用,其中第一阶混合成偶极子发生在双环(即,当单环效应消失时),并且这种混合可以避免小汤川耦合,然后探索来自新物理的味道和$ mathbf{CP} $违反的现象学后果。
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引用次数: 2
Role of nuclear gluon distribution on particle production in heavy ion collisions 核子胶子分布对重离子碰撞中粒子产生的作用
Pub Date : 2020-12-10 DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.034025
L. Moriggi, G. M. Peccini, M. Machado
The transverse momentum spectra of hadrons is calculated from the unintegrated gluon distribution (UGD) within the $k_T$-factorization framework at small $x$. Starting from $pp$ collisions, the modification caused by the nuclear medium is incorporated in the UGD at high energies, which is related to the nuclear shadowing phenomenon. Moreover, we consider that particle production from minijet decaying is not enough to explain the $p_T$ spectra in $AA$ collisions due to collective phenomena that take place after the hard collision. The Boltzmann-Gibbs Blast Wave (BGBW) distribution is utilized in order to evaluate the distribution of particle production in equilibrium. Data from ALICE collaboration for $PbPb$ collisions at $sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV are analyzed and the nuclear modification factor for pion production is computed.
从k_T分解框架内的未积分胶子分布(UGD)计算了小$x$时强子的横向动量谱。从$pp$碰撞开始,核介质引起的修正被纳入高能的UGD中,这与核阴影现象有关。此外,我们认为,由于硬碰撞后发生的集体现象,微小射流衰变产生的粒子不足以解释AA碰撞中的p_T光谱。利用玻尔兹曼-吉布斯爆炸波(BGBW)分布来评价平衡状态下粒子产生的分布。对ALICE在$sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV下的$PbPb$碰撞数据进行了分析,并计算了产生介子的核修饰因子。
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引用次数: 1
A generalized approach to study low as well as high pT regime of transverse momentum spectra 横向动量谱低、高铂区研究的一种广义方法
Pub Date : 2020-12-10 DOI: 10.22323/1.390.0579
Rohit Gupta, S. Jena
A good understanding of the transverse momentum $(p_T)$ spectra is pivotal in the study of QCD matter created during the heavy-ion collision. Considering the difference in the underlying particle production mechanism, $p_T$ spectra can be divided into two distinct regions. Low-$p_T$ region corresponds to particle produced in soft-processes whereas particles produced in hard processes dominate the high-$p_T$ regime of the spectra. We will discuss a unified formalism to explain both low as well as high-$p_T$ region of the transverse momentum spectra in a consistent manner. This unified formalism is based on the generalisation of non-extensive statistical mechanics using the Pearson distribution. This generalised formalism also gives a strong insight into the study of elliptic flow in heavy-ion collision.
在研究重离子碰撞过程中产生的QCD物质时,对横向动量$(p_T)$谱的理解至关重要。考虑到底层粒子产生机制的差异,$p_T$光谱可以分为两个不同的区域。低$p_T$区域对应于软过程产生的粒子,而硬过程产生的粒子主导光谱的高$p_T$区域。我们将讨论一个统一的形式,以一致的方式解释横向动量谱的低和高- p_T区域。这种统一的形式是基于使用皮尔逊分布的非广泛统计力学的推广。这种广义形式也为重离子碰撞中椭圆流的研究提供了强有力的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Off-shell Higgs Couplings in $H^*to ZZto ellellnunu$ $H^*到$ ZZ到$ ellellnunu$的离壳希格斯耦合
Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136329
D. Gonccalves, T. Han, Sze Ching Iris Leung, Han Qin
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引用次数: 15
UNDERSTANDING THE f0(980) AND a0(980) MASSES AS WELL AS THEIR WIDTHS 了解f0(980)和a0(980)质量以及它们的宽度
Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1142/9789811238406_0020
E. Beveren, G. Rupp
The low and approximately equal masses of the scalar mesons $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$, as well as their relatively small decay widths, are impossible to understand in terms of standard $P$-wave quark-antiquark states. Here, these mesons are studied in a unitarised quark-meson model, together with the other light isoscalar scalar $f_0(500)$, as members of a complete scalar nonet below about 1 GeV. They are shown to be dynamical states generated by a combination of quark-confinement and strong-decay interactions, resulting in a large breaking of $SU(3)_{rm flavour}$ symmetry. This is illustrated with several pole trajectories in the complex-energy plane as a function of the model's decay coupling constant. Also, experimental evidence is presented of a still much lighter scalar boson called $E(38)$, which may correspond to a novel kind of mesons predicted by V. N. Gribov, as an observable manifestation of a condensate of light quarks.
标量介子$f_0(980)$和$a_0(980)$的低质量和近似相等的质量,以及它们相对较小的衰变宽度,是不可能用标准的$P$波夸克-反夸克态来理解的。在这里,这些介子在一个统一的夸克-介子模型中被研究,与其他光等标量标量$f_0(500)$一起,作为小于1 GeV的完整标量nonet的成员。它们被证明是由夸克约束和强衰变相互作用的组合产生的动态状态,导致$SU(3)_{rm味}$对称性的大破坏。这是用复能量平面上的几个极点轨迹作为模型衰减耦合常数的函数来说明的。此外,实验证据还显示了一种更轻的标量玻色子E(38),它可能对应于V. N. Gribov预测的一种新型介子,作为轻夸克凝聚的可观测表现。
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引用次数: 0
Inhomogeneous confining-deconfining phases in rotating plasmas 旋转等离子体中的非均匀约束-定义相
Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.103.054027
M. Chernodub
We discuss the effects of rotation on confining properties of gauge theories focusing on compact electrodynamics in two spatial dimensions as an analytically tractable model. We show that at finite temperature, the rotation leads to a deconfining transition starting from a certain distance from the rotation axis. A uniformly rotating confining system possesses, in addition to the usual confinement and deconfinement phases, a mixed inhomogeneous phase which hosts spatially separated confinement and deconfinement regions. The phase diagram thus has two different deconfining temperatures. The first deconfining temperature can be made arbitrarily low by sufficiently rapid rotation while the second deconfining temperature is largely unaffected by the rotation. Implications of our results for the phase diagram of QCD are presented. We point out that uniformly rotating quark-gluon plasma should therefore experience an inverse hadronization effect when the hadronization starts from the core of the rotating plasma rather than from its boundary.
我们讨论了旋转对规范理论的约束性质的影响,重点是紧致电动力学在两个空间维度作为一个解析可处理的模型。我们表明,在有限温度下,旋转导致从离旋转轴一定距离开始的定义转变。一个均匀旋转的约束体系除了具有通常的约束相和约束相外,还具有一个混合的非均匀相,其中包含空间分离的约束区和约束区。相图因此有两个不同的定义温度。通过足够快的旋转可以使第一定义温度任意低,而第二定义温度在很大程度上不受旋转的影响。我们的研究结果对QCD的相图有重要意义。我们指出,当强子化从旋转等离子体的核心而不是边界开始时,均匀旋转的夸克-胶子等离子体应该经历逆强子化效应。
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引用次数: 33
Observing the Minkowskian dynamics of the pion on the null-plane 零平面上介子的闵可夫斯基动力学观察
Pub Date : 2020-12-09 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.014002
W. de Paula, E. Ydrefors, J. H. Alvarenga Nogueira, T. Frederico, G. Salmè
A dynamical model is applied to the study of the pion valence light-front wave function, obtained from the actual solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation in Minkowski space, resorting to the Nakanishi integral representation. The kernel is simplified to a ladder approximation containing constituent quarks, an effective massive gluon exchange, and the scale of the extended quark-gluon interaction vertex. These three input parameters carry the infrared scale {Lambda}QCD and are fine-tuned to reproduce the pion weak decay constant, within a range suggested by lattice calculations. Besides f{pi}, we present and discuss other interesting quantities on the null-plane, like: (i) the valence probability, (ii) the dynamical functions depending upon the longitudinal or the transverse components of the light-front (LF) momentum, represented by LF-momentum distributions and distribution amplitudes, and (iii) the probability densities both in the LF-momentum space and the 3D space given by the Cartesian product of the covariant Ioffe-time and transverse coordinates, in order to perform an analysis of the dynamical features in a complementary way. The proposed analysis of the Minkowskian dynamics inside the pion, though carried out at the initial stage, qualifies the Nakanishi integral representation as an appealing effective tool, with still unexplored potentialities to be exploited for addressing correlations between dynamics and observable properties.
应用动力学模型研究了介子价光前波函数,该函数由Minkowski空间中Bethe-Salpeter方程的实际解得到,采用Nakanishi积分表示。将核简化为包含组成夸克、有效的大质量胶子交换和扩展的夸克-胶子相互作用顶点尺度的阶梯近似。这三个输入参数携带红外尺度{Lambda} QCD,并在晶格计算建议的范围内进行微调以再现介子弱衰变常数。除了f {pi}之外,我们还提出并讨论了零平面上其他有趣的量,如:(i)价态概率,(ii)依赖于光锋(LF)动量的纵向或横向分量的动力函数,由LF动量分布和分布幅值表示,以及(iii)由协变时间和横向坐标的笛卡尔积给出的LF动量空间和三维空间中的概率密度,以便以互补的方式对动力学特征进行分析。提出的对介子内部闵可夫斯基动力学的分析,虽然是在初始阶段进行的,但使Nakanishi积分表示成为一种吸引人的有效工具,在处理动力学和可观察性质之间的相关性方面仍有未开发的潜力。
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引用次数: 16
期刊
arXiv: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
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