Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-79-84
V. М. Kolomiets, A. L. Kovalenko, E. P. Pavlenko, A. Petrov, E. Talikova
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on the psycho-emotional state and adherence to treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of remaxol inclusion in the accompanying therapy regimens.Material and methods. The data from 326 patients (252 men and 74 women) with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary were analyzed; the average age of patients was 41.3±1.6 years. A low level of adherence to treatment, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of grade I hepatotoxicity were revealed in patients receiving a course of etiotropic therapy in the main group (N=72). In this regard, in addition to the psychological support for the main course of treatment, accompanying therapy was prescribed: remaxol 400 ml intravenous drip every other day (course No. 5), after-wards — 1 time a week (course No. 4). Patients in the comparison group (N=254) received standard treatment. In addition to the standard examination, the cytokine profile (the level of IL-1β, 4, 6), TNF-α and IFN-γ) was determined in dynamics according to the indications in patients. The level of adherence to the treatment was also determined in dynamics through testing according to the original methodology.Results. The study revealed that the inclusion of remaxol in the treatment regimens facilitated more pronounced positive dynamics in clinical and laboratory data compared with the standard regimen: a decrease in signs of hepatotoxicosis and a tendency towards improvement in cytokine profile parameters. This contributed to maintaining the etiotropic therapy regimen and improving the well-being of patients, which, in turn, increased the level of adherence and therefore the effectiveness of treatment in patients.Conclusions. The combination of positive effects of remaxol use in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis contributes to an increase in their psycho-emotional state and thereby increases adherence to treatment and its effectiveness.
{"title":"Predictors of the Effectiveness of Psychological Support in Addition to the Base Treatment in Pulmonary Tuberculosis","authors":"V. М. Kolomiets, A. L. Kovalenko, E. P. Pavlenko, A. Petrov, E. Talikova","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-79-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-79-84","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the effect on the psycho-emotional state and adherence to treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis of remaxol inclusion in the accompanying therapy regimens.Material and methods. The data from 326 patients (252 men and 74 women) with various forms of pulmonary tuberculosis treated at the Regional Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary were analyzed; the average age of patients was 41.3±1.6 years. A low level of adherence to treatment, as well as clinical and laboratory signs of grade I hepatotoxicity were revealed in patients receiving a course of etiotropic therapy in the main group (N=72). In this regard, in addition to the psychological support for the main course of treatment, accompanying therapy was prescribed: remaxol 400 ml intravenous drip every other day (course No. 5), after-wards — 1 time a week (course No. 4). Patients in the comparison group (N=254) received standard treatment. In addition to the standard examination, the cytokine profile (the level of IL-1β, 4, 6), TNF-α and IFN-γ) was determined in dynamics according to the indications in patients. The level of adherence to the treatment was also determined in dynamics through testing according to the original methodology.Results. The study revealed that the inclusion of remaxol in the treatment regimens facilitated more pronounced positive dynamics in clinical and laboratory data compared with the standard regimen: a decrease in signs of hepatotoxicosis and a tendency towards improvement in cytokine profile parameters. This contributed to maintaining the etiotropic therapy regimen and improving the well-being of patients, which, in turn, increased the level of adherence and therefore the effectiveness of treatment in patients.Conclusions. The combination of positive effects of remaxol use in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis contributes to an increase in their psycho-emotional state and thereby increases adherence to treatment and its effectiveness. ","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-93-101
A. A. Khryanin
The review article discusses current trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial and protozoal sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Antimicrobial resistance in STIs has increased significantly in recent decades due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, fueled by population migration and the high incidence of STIs worldwide. While emerging cephalosporin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae are one of the most pressing problems in the world, other pathogenic STIs that are resistant to antibiotics, such as Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis, are increasingly being reported. The emergence of multidrugresistant strains of bacterial STIs is of particular concern for researchers. The emerging global crisis in STI treatment is the result of neglect and inattention to repeated warnings from researchers about the emergence of STI strains resistant to the existing antibiotics, as well as shifting priorities in the pharmaceutical industry, which limited the development of new antibiotics. The current antimicrobial portfolio does not provide cause for optimism, as it contains few new antibiotics, and most developments are in the early stages of clinical trials. Experts have suggested that the failure of existing STI treatment regimens is largely inevitable and have called for the creation of entirely new classes of antimicrobial drugs that would take decades to develop. Currently, there are several promising alternative strategies for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant STIs. The use of phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, and hydrolytic enzymes are particularly promising directions.
这篇综述文章讨论了细菌和原生动物性传播感染（STI）中抗生素耐药性的当前趋势。近几十年来，由于抗生素的过度使用和滥用，以及全球人口迁移和性传播疾病的高发病率，性传播疾病中的抗生素耐药性显著增加。新出现的对头孢菌素耐药的淋病奈瑟菌株是全球最紧迫的问题之一，而其他对抗生素耐药的病原体性传播感染，如生殖器支原体和沙眼衣原体，也有越来越多的报道。研究人员尤其关注细菌性 STI 耐多药菌株的出现。性传播感染治疗领域新出现的全球性危机，是由于研究人员对出现对现有抗生素具有抗药性的性传播感染菌株的一再警告置若罔闻，以及制药业优先事项的改变限制了新抗生素的开发。目前的抗菌药物组合不容乐观，因为其中几乎没有新的抗生素，而且大多数研发成果还处于临床试验的早期阶段。专家们认为，现有性传播感染治疗方案的失败在很大程度上是不可避免的，并呼吁开发全新类别的抗菌药物，而这需要数十年的时间。目前，有几种治疗耐抗生素性传播感染的替代策略很有前景。噬菌体疗法、抗菌肽和水解酶的使用是特别有前景的方向。
{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance in Sexually Transmitted Infections: Current Trends","authors":"A. A. Khryanin","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-93-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-93-101","url":null,"abstract":"The review article discusses current trends in antibiotic resistance in bacterial and protozoal sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Antimicrobial resistance in STIs has increased significantly in recent decades due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics, fueled by population migration and the high incidence of STIs worldwide. While emerging cephalosporin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae are one of the most pressing problems in the world, other pathogenic STIs that are resistant to antibiotics, such as Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis, are increasingly being reported. The emergence of multidrugresistant strains of bacterial STIs is of particular concern for researchers. The emerging global crisis in STI treatment is the result of neglect and inattention to repeated warnings from researchers about the emergence of STI strains resistant to the existing antibiotics, as well as shifting priorities in the pharmaceutical industry, which limited the development of new antibiotics. The current antimicrobial portfolio does not provide cause for optimism, as it contains few new antibiotics, and most developments are in the early stages of clinical trials. Experts have suggested that the failure of existing STI treatment regimens is largely inevitable and have called for the creation of entirely new classes of antimicrobial drugs that would take decades to develop. Currently, there are several promising alternative strategies for the treatment of antibiotic-resistant STIs. The use of phage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, and hydrolytic enzymes are particularly promising directions.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-63-71
K. V. Zhdanov, О. V. Maltsev, K. Kasyanenko, K. Kozlov, V. Sukachev, N. I. Lvov, V. V. Sharabhanov
Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of Riamilovir in patients diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection using several dosage regimens of the drug.Material and Methods. The clinical efficacy and safety of Riamilovir were evaluated based on the results of a study, that included 150 patients in three comparative groups, 50 patients each. The research groups received etiotropic antiviral therapy with 1 capsule (250 mg) of Riamilovir 3 times per day for 5 days in the first group; in the second group, patients received Riamilovir off-label — 1 capsule (250 mg) 5 times per day for 5 days; and the third group included 50 patients who received only pathogenetic treatment.Results. As a result of the study, Riamilovir demonstrated a high safety profile regardless of the dosage regimen; no adverse events were registered. It was shown that Riamilovir use, regardless of the dosage regimen, led to a statistically significant reduction in the duration of inpatient treatment. It should be noted that the shortest periods of hospitalization were observed in patients who received the studied drug at increased daily dosages. Riamilovir was found to reduce the duration and severity of general infectious signs of the disease, while complete elimination of ARVI pathogens occurred by the 6th day of hospitalization; the shortest total duration of fever and a number of respiratory tract syndromes was registered among patients receiving Riamilovir at a daily dose of 1250 mg for 5 days.Conclusion. The etiotropic antiviral drug Riamilovir has shown clinical efficacy when used in both treatment regimens in patients with acute respiratory viral infections, as well as a good safety profile.
{"title":"New Approaches to Etiotropic Therapy of ARVI Patients with Riamilovir","authors":"K. V. Zhdanov, О. V. Maltsev, K. Kasyanenko, K. Kozlov, V. Sukachev, N. I. Lvov, V. V. Sharabhanov","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-63-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-63-71","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the efficacy and safety of Riamilovir in patients diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection using several dosage regimens of the drug.Material and Methods. The clinical efficacy and safety of Riamilovir were evaluated based on the results of a study, that included 150 patients in three comparative groups, 50 patients each. The research groups received etiotropic antiviral therapy with 1 capsule (250 mg) of Riamilovir 3 times per day for 5 days in the first group; in the second group, patients received Riamilovir off-label — 1 capsule (250 mg) 5 times per day for 5 days; and the third group included 50 patients who received only pathogenetic treatment.Results. As a result of the study, Riamilovir demonstrated a high safety profile regardless of the dosage regimen; no adverse events were registered. It was shown that Riamilovir use, regardless of the dosage regimen, led to a statistically significant reduction in the duration of inpatient treatment. It should be noted that the shortest periods of hospitalization were observed in patients who received the studied drug at increased daily dosages. Riamilovir was found to reduce the duration and severity of general infectious signs of the disease, while complete elimination of ARVI pathogens occurred by the 6th day of hospitalization; the shortest total duration of fever and a number of respiratory tract syndromes was registered among patients receiving Riamilovir at a daily dose of 1250 mg for 5 days.Conclusion. The etiotropic antiviral drug Riamilovir has shown clinical efficacy when used in both treatment regimens in patients with acute respiratory viral infections, as well as a good safety profile. ","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2022-67-9-10-72-78
S. D. Mitrokhin, A. V. Aleshkin, A. A. Galitskiy, A. S. Shkoda
A significant increase in sales of antibacterial drugs in pharmacies and their purchases by medical institutions of the Russian Healthcare System was observed against the background of the past pandemic of a novel coronavirus infection in Russia. Microbiological monitoring that was carried out at City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov (Moscow) in 2020–2021, revealed a pressing problem — primarily gram-negative bacteria, with a predominance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, were isolated from patients with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). As shown by pharmacoeconomic studies conducted by the authors, the cost of one course of targeted antibacterial therapy for HAI in this case could increase by 6–12 times compared to a similar course of therapy in the absence of both MDR strains and XDR strains of hospital pathogens. In order to achieve a reduction in the cost of antibacterial therapy developed and used by the authors, in addition to the development of effective antibacterial therapy regimens for HAIs caused by MDR/XDR pathogens, another study was carried out as a continuation of the work on creating and improving biotherapy regimens for HAIs, namely the development of personalized phage therapy regimens for patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by MDR bacterial strains. Based on the data obtained, the concept of a personalized approach to phage therapy of various nosological forms of HAIs caused by hospital-acquired MDR pathogens in patients of a multidisciplinary hospital was proposed and tested. As a result of this approach, the effectiveness of phage therapy for various nosological forms of HAIs caused by MDR and XDR strains of hospital pathogens in City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov increased by 30%, and the effectiveness of the initial antibiotic regimen was 70%. The economic effect of the combination of antibiotic therapy and phage therapy («booster therapy») amounted to 3,000,000 rubles, compared with the use of antibiotics alone in the treatment of patients with HAIs caused by MDR/XDR strains of hospital pathogens.
在俄罗斯新型冠状病毒感染大流行的背景下，药店的抗菌药物销售量和俄罗斯医疗系统医疗机构的抗菌药物采购量都出现了大幅增长。以Л.А. 沃罗霍夫命名的第 67 市临床医院进行了微生物监测。2020-2021 年，以 L. A. Vorokhobov（莫斯科）命名的第 67 市临床医院进行的微生物监测发现了一个紧迫的问题--从医疗相关感染（HAIs）患者中分离出的细菌主要是革兰氏阴性菌，其中耐多药（MDR）菌株占多数。作者进行的药物经济学研究表明，在这种情况下，针对 HAI 的抗菌治疗一个疗程的费用可能会比在医院病原体中没有 MDR 菌株和 XDR 菌株的情况下类似疗程的费用增加 6-12 倍。为了降低作者开发和使用的抗菌疗法的成本，除了为 MDR/XDR 病原体引起的 HAI 开发有效的抗菌疗法方案外，还开展了另一项研究，作为创建和改进 HAI 生物疗法方案工作的延续，即为 MDR 菌株引起的医院获得性肺炎患者开发个性化的噬菌体疗法方案。根据所获得的数据，提出并测试了针对一家多学科医院患者中由医院获得的 MDR 病原体引起的各种 HAI 的个性化噬菌体疗法概念。由于采用了这种方法，噬菌体疗法对以Л.А. 沃罗赫命名的第67市临床医院中由医院病原体的MDR和XDR菌株引起的各种HAI的治疗效果显著。Vorokhobov 命名的第 67 市临床医院的噬菌体疗法对 MDR 和 XDR 医院病原体菌株引起的各种 HAI 的疗效提高了 30%，而初始抗生素方案的疗效为 70%。与单独使用抗生素治疗由医院病原体的 MDR/XDR 菌株引起的 HAIs 患者相比，抗生素疗法和噬菌体疗法（"强化疗法"）的组合产生了 300 万卢布的经济效益。
{"title":"Present Strategy and Tactics of Antibacterial Therapy for Hospital Infections: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"S. D. Mitrokhin, A. V. Aleshkin, A. A. Galitskiy, A. S. Shkoda","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2022-67-9-10-72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2022-67-9-10-72-78","url":null,"abstract":"A significant increase in sales of antibacterial drugs in pharmacies and their purchases by medical institutions of the Russian Healthcare System was observed against the background of the past pandemic of a novel coronavirus infection in Russia. Microbiological monitoring that was carried out at City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov (Moscow) in 2020–2021, revealed a pressing problem — primarily gram-negative bacteria, with a predominance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, were isolated from patients with healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). As shown by pharmacoeconomic studies conducted by the authors, the cost of one course of targeted antibacterial therapy for HAI in this case could increase by 6–12 times compared to a similar course of therapy in the absence of both MDR strains and XDR strains of hospital pathogens. In order to achieve a reduction in the cost of antibacterial therapy developed and used by the authors, in addition to the development of effective antibacterial therapy regimens for HAIs caused by MDR/XDR pathogens, another study was carried out as a continuation of the work on creating and improving biotherapy regimens for HAIs, namely the development of personalized phage therapy regimens for patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by MDR bacterial strains. Based on the data obtained, the concept of a personalized approach to phage therapy of various nosological forms of HAIs caused by hospital-acquired MDR pathogens in patients of a multidisciplinary hospital was proposed and tested. As a result of this approach, the effectiveness of phage therapy for various nosological forms of HAIs caused by MDR and XDR strains of hospital pathogens in City Clinical Hospital No. 67 named after. L. A. Vorokhobov increased by 30%, and the effectiveness of the initial antibiotic regimen was 70%. The economic effect of the combination of antibiotic therapy and phage therapy («booster therapy») amounted to 3,000,000 rubles, compared with the use of antibiotics alone in the treatment of patients with HAIs caused by MDR/XDR strains of hospital pathogens.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-58-62
G. N. Genatullina
The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage on a model of a skin wound infected with Staphylococcus aureus. The study of antimicrobial activity was carried out in vivo by experimental modeling of a skin wound infected with S.aureus in the interscapular region in nonlinear male rats. All manipulations with animals were performed in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documentation overseeing the management of laboratory animals and work with them. The results obtained indicate the pronounced antimicrobial activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage in conditions of wound infection when applied externally, which is confirmed by a decrease in the degree of bacterial contamination of wound discharge, as well as a decrease in inflammatory phenomena, both at the local level in the form of a decrease in hyperemia, and generalized in the form of a decrease in C-reactive protein levels, total leukocyte count, as well as a decrease in the leukocyte inflammatory index. The identified antimicrobial effect is comparable to the external use of an antiseptic drug — a solution of chlorhexidine digluconate 0.05%, however, when assessing microbial contamination, it was found that the bacteriophage exhibits more pronounced antibacterial activity. Thus, the staphylococcal bacteriophage showed pronounced antimicrobial activity in a model of a skin wound infected with S.aureus, confirmed by a decrease in the number of colonies of the microorganism in the wound discharge, as well as a decrease in the severity of inflammation.
本研究的目的是研究噬菌体对受金黄色葡萄球菌感染的皮肤伤口模型的抗菌活性。抗菌活性的研究是通过在非线性雄性大鼠肩胛间区建立感染了金黄色葡萄球菌的皮肤伤口模型进行的。对动物的所有操作都是按照实验室动物管理和工作监管文件的要求进行的。研究结果表明，噬菌体葡萄球菌在伤口感染情况下外用具有明显的抗菌活性，伤口分泌物的细菌污染程度降低以及炎症现象减少证实了这一点，局部的炎症现象以充血减少的形式出现，而全身的炎症现象则以 C 反应蛋白水平、白细胞总数以及白细胞炎症指数降低的形式出现。已确定的抗菌效果可与外用消毒药物--0.05% 的洗必泰葡萄糖酸溶液相媲美，但在评估微生物污染时，发现噬菌体表现出更明显的抗菌活性。因此，在金黄色葡萄球菌感染的皮肤伤口模型中，噬菌体表现出了明显的抗菌活性，伤口分泌物中微生物菌落数量的减少以及炎症严重程度的减轻都证实了这一点。
{"title":"Study of the Antimicrobial Activity of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage on a Model of an Infected Skin Wound","authors":"G. N. Genatullina","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-58-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-58-62","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage on a model of a skin wound infected with Staphylococcus aureus. The study of antimicrobial activity was carried out in vivo by experimental modeling of a skin wound infected with S.aureus in the interscapular region in nonlinear male rats. All manipulations with animals were performed in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documentation overseeing the management of laboratory animals and work with them. The results obtained indicate the pronounced antimicrobial activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage in conditions of wound infection when applied externally, which is confirmed by a decrease in the degree of bacterial contamination of wound discharge, as well as a decrease in inflammatory phenomena, both at the local level in the form of a decrease in hyperemia, and generalized in the form of a decrease in C-reactive protein levels, total leukocyte count, as well as a decrease in the leukocyte inflammatory index. The identified antimicrobial effect is comparable to the external use of an antiseptic drug — a solution of chlorhexidine digluconate 0.05%, however, when assessing microbial contamination, it was found that the bacteriophage exhibits more pronounced antibacterial activity. Thus, the staphylococcal bacteriophage showed pronounced antimicrobial activity in a model of a skin wound infected with S.aureus, confirmed by a decrease in the number of colonies of the microorganism in the wound discharge, as well as a decrease in the severity of inflammation.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-46-57
V. Zarubaev, A. Garshinina, Y. L. Esaulkova, M. G. Mihalskij, V. S. Smirnov, T. A. Kudryavtseva, S. Petlenko, V. A. Zaplutanov
Introduction. Due to the ability of the influenza virus to mutate, it is necessary to constantly search for new drugs with preventive and direct antiviral effects.The aim of the study is to investigate the protective antiviral properties of the drug Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, on a model of lethal influenza pneumonia in laboratory animals.Material and methods. White mature mice were selected for the experiment on the antiviral activity of the tested drug samples against H1N1 influenza virus; the mice were divided into the following groups (30 animals each): two negative control groups; two groups receiving Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray (before and after infection); one group of animals received Tamiflu®, and one received Hexoral®. The mortality of animals with influenza pneumonia was assessed; histological and morphometric analyses were also carried out.Results and discussion. The morphological picture of the lungs of animals correlated with their protective activity when analyzing the survival of animals. The normalization of tissue structure was pronounced the most in the group of animals infected with the virus, pre-incubated with Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, and in the group receiving Tamiflu®. Moreover, the viral load in the lungs was lower by 1.5 and 1.2 orders of magnitude in the group receiving Thymogen®, dosed nasal spray, compared to the negative control group (the 3rd and the 6th days of the experiment, respectively), which corresponds to a decrease in the intensity of viral reproduction by 31.6 and 15.8 times
{"title":"Study of the Protective Activity of Thymogen® Dosed Nasal Spray on a Model of Experimental Influenza Pneumonia in Laboratory Animals","authors":"V. Zarubaev, A. Garshinina, Y. L. Esaulkova, M. G. Mihalskij, V. S. Smirnov, T. A. Kudryavtseva, S. Petlenko, V. A. Zaplutanov","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-46-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-46-57","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Due to the ability of the influenza virus to mutate, it is necessary to constantly search for new drugs with preventive and direct antiviral effects.The aim of the study is to investigate the protective antiviral properties of the drug Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, on a model of lethal influenza pneumonia in laboratory animals.Material and methods. White mature mice were selected for the experiment on the antiviral activity of the tested drug samples against H1N1 influenza virus; the mice were divided into the following groups (30 animals each): two negative control groups; two groups receiving Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray (before and after infection); one group of animals received Tamiflu®, and one received Hexoral®. The mortality of animals with influenza pneumonia was assessed; histological and morphometric analyses were also carried out.Results and discussion. The morphological picture of the lungs of animals correlated with their protective activity when analyzing the survival of animals. The normalization of tissue structure was pronounced the most in the group of animals infected with the virus, pre-incubated with Thymogen®, a dosed nasal spray, and in the group receiving Tamiflu®. Moreover, the viral load in the lungs was lower by 1.5 and 1.2 orders of magnitude in the group receiving Thymogen®, dosed nasal spray, compared to the negative control group (the 3rd and the 6th days of the experiment, respectively), which corresponds to a decrease in the intensity of viral reproduction by 31.6 and 15.8 times","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139618297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-85-92
A. S. Zmitrukevich, A. E. Mamedova
Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Insufficient attention is paid to the cardiotoxic potential of the drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19.Aim. A brief report on the effect of the drugs commonly used in the treatment of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system.Discussion. Various medications have been used to treat COVID-19. Some of the most common drugs include hydroxychloroquine, remdesvir, favipiravir, fluoroquinolones, interferon-α2b, glucocorticoids, molnupiravir, and ritonavir/nirmatrelvir. Most medications can cause changes in the cardiovascular system, especially in the QT interval.Conclusions. Physicians should take into account the cardiotoxic potential of all medications used in the treatment of COVID-19. Therapists and general practitioners should be aware of cardiovascular risks in the management of patients with COVID-19, as well as the prophylactic medical examinations of the population.
{"title":"Cardiotoxic Drugs Used in the Treatment of COVID-19","authors":"A. S. Zmitrukevich, A. E. Mamedova","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-85-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-85-92","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Insufficient attention is paid to the cardiotoxic potential of the drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19.Aim. A brief report on the effect of the drugs commonly used in the treatment of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular system.Discussion. Various medications have been used to treat COVID-19. Some of the most common drugs include hydroxychloroquine, remdesvir, favipiravir, fluoroquinolones, interferon-α2b, glucocorticoids, molnupiravir, and ritonavir/nirmatrelvir. Most medications can cause changes in the cardiovascular system, especially in the QT interval.Conclusions. Physicians should take into account the cardiotoxic potential of all medications used in the treatment of COVID-19. Therapists and general practitioners should be aware of cardiovascular risks in the management of patients with COVID-19, as well as the prophylactic medical examinations of the population.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139619859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-12-19
E. V. Makarevich, M. Protsenko, O. Mazurkov, E. Filippova, N. Mazurkova
Background. To date, virologists have identified more than 25,000 influenza virus А serotypes, and their number will increase in the future. Therefore, the development of new antiviral drugs will always be relevant.The aim of the study is to obtain and test the chemical composition and antiviral activity of the lichen Cetraria islandica extracts against the influenza A virus.Material and methods. Samples of lichen Cetraria islandica (aqueous and ethanol extracts) were tested for toxic properties and antiviral activity against influenza A virus in MDCK cell culture.Results. Samples of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cetraria islandica were obtained; their chemical composition was described. In MDCK cell culture, the extracts exhibited antiviral activity against human influenza virus А/H3N2 and avian influenza virus А/H5N1. When studying the mechanism of action of Cetraria islandica extracts, it was noted that Cetraria islandica samples possess pronounced antiviral properties against avian influenza A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) and human influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) at the stage of their adsorption and reproduction.Conclusions. Samples of Cetraria islandica have antiviral activity at the stage of adsorption and reproduction of influenza A virus in MDCK cell culture. The ethanol extract shows a higher antiviral efficacy compared to the aqueous extract.
{"title":"Experimental Medications Made with Сetraria islandica Showing Antiviral Activity against Influenza A Virus","authors":"E. V. Makarevich, M. Protsenko, O. Mazurkov, E. Filippova, N. Mazurkova","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-12-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-12-19","url":null,"abstract":"Background. To date, virologists have identified more than 25,000 influenza virus А serotypes, and their number will increase in the future. Therefore, the development of new antiviral drugs will always be relevant.The aim of the study is to obtain and test the chemical composition and antiviral activity of the lichen Cetraria islandica extracts against the influenza A virus.Material and methods. Samples of lichen Cetraria islandica (aqueous and ethanol extracts) were tested for toxic properties and antiviral activity against influenza A virus in MDCK cell culture.Results. Samples of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Cetraria islandica were obtained; their chemical composition was described. In MDCK cell culture, the extracts exhibited antiviral activity against human influenza virus А/H3N2 and avian influenza virus А/H5N1. When studying the mechanism of action of Cetraria islandica extracts, it was noted that Cetraria islandica samples possess pronounced antiviral properties against avian influenza A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) and human influenza A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) at the stage of their adsorption and reproduction.Conclusions. Samples of Cetraria islandica have antiviral activity at the stage of adsorption and reproduction of influenza A virus in MDCK cell culture. The ethanol extract shows a higher antiviral efficacy compared to the aqueous extract.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-5-11
E. Matosova, N. Besednova, M. I. Kusaikin, B. Andryukov, I. Makarenkova, M. Shchelkanov, I. Lyapun, M. Bynina, S. P. Ermakova, T. Zvyagintseva
Biofilms play a significant role in the existence of bacteria under adverse conditions and the pathogenesis of infections. They contribute to the creation of reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This determines the relevance of the search for biologically active substances that inhibit the formation of biofilms. In recent years, the objects of intensive study are fucoidans — sulfated polysaccharides from marine brown algae, which have a wide polyfunctional spectrum of action. Their influence on the formation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis biofilm in a dynamic model simulating the natural conditions of ecosystems of fucoidans belonging to different structural groups was investigated in this study. They are synthesized by brown algae: Fucus evanescens, Saccharina cichorioides, and Saccharina japonica. The fucoidan isolated from F.evanescens have showed the most pronounced antibiotic activity. The authors developed a new approach that allows obtaining stable results of multidirectional action of sulfated polysaccharides on the biofilm formation of Y.pseudotuberculosis.
{"title":"Antibiofilm Activity of Fukoidans Isolated from Brown Algae","authors":"E. Matosova, N. Besednova, M. I. Kusaikin, B. Andryukov, I. Makarenkova, M. Shchelkanov, I. Lyapun, M. Bynina, S. P. Ermakova, T. Zvyagintseva","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-5-11","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilms play a significant role in the existence of bacteria under adverse conditions and the pathogenesis of infections. They contribute to the creation of reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This determines the relevance of the search for biologically active substances that inhibit the formation of biofilms. In recent years, the objects of intensive study are fucoidans — sulfated polysaccharides from marine brown algae, which have a wide polyfunctional spectrum of action. Their influence on the formation of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis biofilm in a dynamic model simulating the natural conditions of ecosystems of fucoidans belonging to different structural groups was investigated in this study. They are synthesized by brown algae: Fucus evanescens, Saccharina cichorioides, and Saccharina japonica. The fucoidan isolated from F.evanescens have showed the most pronounced antibiotic activity. The authors developed a new approach that allows obtaining stable results of multidirectional action of sulfated polysaccharides on the biofilm formation of Y.pseudotuberculosis.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-20-24
A. G. Volkov, L. I. Kononova, V. P. Korobov, L. V. Volkova
Background. The study of new antimicrobial substances isolated from the living organism tissues is of particular importance for medicine and the biopharmaceutical industry. Leukocyte peptides can act as an alternative to traditional antibiotics to overcome the bacterial antibiotic resistance problem.Aim. Evaluation of molecular weight and biological activity of ultrasound-derived leukocyte peptides.Methods. Separation of leukocyte peptide complexes into particular fractions by reverse phase chromatography and evaluation of their antibacterial activity by serial dilution and diffusion methods.Results. Studies have shown that one peptide fraction with a molecular weight of 440–570 Da has pronounced antibacterial activity.Conclusion. The obtained experimental data testify to the high therapeutic potential of the leukocyte protein-peptide complex, which has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity.
背景。研究从生物体组织中分离出来的新抗菌物质，对医学和生物制药工业具有特别重要的意义。白细胞肽可作为传统抗生素的替代品，克服细菌对抗生素的耐药性问题。评估超声提取的白细胞肽的分子量和生物活性。用反相色谱法将白细胞肽复合物分离成特定的馏分，并用连续稀释法和扩散法评估其抗菌活性。研究表明，分子量为 440-570 Da 的肽组分具有明显的抗菌活性。所获得的实验数据证明了白细胞蛋白肽复合物具有很高的治疗潜力，其抗菌活性范围很广。
{"title":"Study of Molecular Parameters and Antibacterial Activity of a Peptide Preparation Derived from Human Leukocytes","authors":"A. G. Volkov, L. I. Kononova, V. P. Korobov, L. V. Volkova","doi":"10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-20-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-9-10-20-24","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The study of new antimicrobial substances isolated from the living organism tissues is of particular importance for medicine and the biopharmaceutical industry. Leukocyte peptides can act as an alternative to traditional antibiotics to overcome the bacterial antibiotic resistance problem.Aim. Evaluation of molecular weight and biological activity of ultrasound-derived leukocyte peptides.Methods. Separation of leukocyte peptide complexes into particular fractions by reverse phase chromatography and evaluation of their antibacterial activity by serial dilution and diffusion methods.Results. Studies have shown that one peptide fraction with a molecular weight of 440–570 Da has pronounced antibacterial activity.Conclusion. The obtained experimental data testify to the high therapeutic potential of the leukocyte protein-peptide complex, which has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":8471,"journal":{"name":"Antibiotics and Chemotherapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139622902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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