Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118250
{"title":"Building Up an Internet of Things Based on the Mapping Between EPC and IPv6","authors":"","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75788801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/EARES4.EAP1118219
V. Okudoh, B. Okeleye, Ronny. M Ngwe, S. Ntwampe
In this study, assessment of the pathogenic bacteria reduction capacity of an anaerobic digester (AD) containing winery wastewater (WWW) was carried out. Samples were collected from a winery drainage system (influent) and a bioreactor after digestion (effluent) at the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Qualitative analysis was by means of pH, optical density (OD) and most probable number (MPN) techniques. The isolates were identified using biochemical and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Results showed an increase in pH from 6.71 to 6.97 with MPN index per 100 mL reduction of presumptive coliforms from >1,100 to 313.3 after digestion at 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. A 3 log removal efficiency (99.9%) of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Azomonas spp. and Aeromonas hydrophila was achieved after 30 days retention time in the bio-digester. The significant reduction of these surrogate pathogens during the process of biogas production is of importance to mitigate against environmental health concerns. Keywords—Anaerobic digestion, biogas, methanogens, pathogen reduction
{"title":"Assessment of Pathogen Reduction Potential of an Anaerobic Digester containing Winery Wastewater","authors":"V. Okudoh, B. Okeleye, Ronny. M Ngwe, S. Ntwampe","doi":"10.17758/EARES4.EAP1118219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/EARES4.EAP1118219","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, assessment of the pathogenic bacteria reduction capacity of an anaerobic digester (AD) containing winery wastewater (WWW) was carried out. Samples were collected from a winery drainage system (influent) and a bioreactor after digestion (effluent) at the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), Stellenbosch, South Africa. Qualitative analysis was by means of pH, optical density (OD) and most probable number (MPN) techniques. The isolates were identified using biochemical and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Results showed an increase in pH from 6.71 to 6.97 with MPN index per 100 mL reduction of presumptive coliforms from >1,100 to 313.3 after digestion at 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively. A 3 log removal efficiency (99.9%) of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Azomonas spp. and Aeromonas hydrophila was achieved after 30 days retention time in the bio-digester. The significant reduction of these surrogate pathogens during the process of biogas production is of importance to mitigate against environmental health concerns. Keywords—Anaerobic digestion, biogas, methanogens, pathogen reduction","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81611206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118230
E. Fosso-Kankeu, R. Weideman, Dumisane Moyakhe, Q. Campbell, F. Waanders
Coal mining operations produce large amounts of tailings which contains heavy metals. Heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) can cause environmental problems. The adsorption capacities of biochars produced from spent coffee beans and brewery waste were explored for the removal of Cd from single and multi-component solutions. The biochars were prepared by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and characterized by scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR). The developed adsorbents were utilized in batches of pre-treated and untreated biochar for the removal of Cd metal ions. The pre-treatment was done through surface impregnation with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The pseudo second order kinetic model was suitable in this study to predict the adsorption capacity of the pre-treated and untreated biochar; it was found that the pretreatment of biochar with SDS contributed to increase its adsorption capacity from 4.824 to 10.672. The pre-treated and untreated biochar can be used for the treatment wastewater contaminated with Cd. Keywords— Adsorption, biochar, coal tailing, cadmium, surface impregnation
{"title":"Adsorption of Metal Ions from Fine Coal Tailings Dump Waste Water using Bio-char","authors":"E. Fosso-Kankeu, R. Weideman, Dumisane Moyakhe, Q. Campbell, F. Waanders","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118230","url":null,"abstract":"Coal mining operations produce large amounts of tailings which contains heavy metals. Heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd) can cause environmental problems. The adsorption capacities of biochars produced from spent coffee beans and brewery waste were explored for the removal of Cd from single and multi-component solutions. The biochars were prepared by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and characterized by scanning electron microscope analysis (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR). The developed adsorbents were utilized in batches of pre-treated and untreated biochar for the removal of Cd metal ions. The pre-treatment was done through surface impregnation with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The pseudo second order kinetic model was suitable in this study to predict the adsorption capacity of the pre-treated and untreated biochar; it was found that the pretreatment of biochar with SDS contributed to increase its adsorption capacity from 4.824 to 10.672. The pre-treated and untreated biochar can be used for the treatment wastewater contaminated with Cd. Keywords— Adsorption, biochar, coal tailing, cadmium, surface impregnation","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81966207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118263
D. Bartlett, R. Venter, S. Marx
— The effect that 6 different biomass feedstocks have on biochar was investigated. The biochar was produced through hydrothermal liquefaction at temperatures of 260 ˚ C and 300 ˚ C. The effect of temperature was also investigated. It was discovered that lower temperatures produce more biochar, but higher temperatures ensure a biochar with properties better suited to be used as catalyst support. The feedstocks did cause the properties to vary and thus it was found that feedstocks with higher fractions of cellulose and lignin will yield larger surface areas, pore volumes and calorific values. The results proved that biochar can compete and eventually replace traditional heterogeneous catalyst.
{"title":"Effect of Biomass Feedstock Composition on Biochar Properties Produced Through Hydrothermal Liquefaction","authors":"D. Bartlett, R. Venter, S. Marx","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118263","url":null,"abstract":"— The effect that 6 different biomass feedstocks have on biochar was investigated. The biochar was produced through hydrothermal liquefaction at temperatures of 260 ˚ C and 300 ˚ C. The effect of temperature was also investigated. It was discovered that lower temperatures produce more biochar, but higher temperatures ensure a biochar with properties better suited to be used as catalyst support. The feedstocks did cause the properties to vary and thus it was found that feedstocks with higher fractions of cellulose and lignin will yield larger surface areas, pore volumes and calorific values. The results proved that biochar can compete and eventually replace traditional heterogeneous catalyst.","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89461896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118245
Nthambeleni Mukwevho, E. Fosso-Kankeu, F. Waanders, J. Bunt, D. Bruyn
Wastewater treatment challenges faced by conventional methods have necessitated the need for alternative/complementary methods that are environmentally benign and efficient especially toward recalcitrant organic pollutants. In this regard, ZnO/SnO2 composite photocatalysts were synthesized using sol-gel method and employed in the photocatalytic degradation of Phenanthrene, benzo(a)pyrene and naphthalene, typical PAH’s in water solution. The photocatalyst material was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the properties of the nanocomposite. The photocatalytic degradation activities of these nanocomposites towards phenanthrene, naphthalene and Benzo(a)pyrene were then investigated by measuring the effects irradiation time. In addition, the first-order kinetic model was used to determine the rate constant for the degradation reaction. The photocatalytic degradation data exhibited a trend fitting the pseudo first-order kinetics as defined by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, which allowed prediction of the faster degradation rate by the ZnO/SnO2 nanohybrid (NH). Keywords: Photocatalyst, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, composite
{"title":"Sol-gel Preparations of ZnO/SnO2 Composite Photocatalysts Applied for the Degradation of PAH’s under Visible Light","authors":"Nthambeleni Mukwevho, E. Fosso-Kankeu, F. Waanders, J. Bunt, D. Bruyn","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118245","url":null,"abstract":"Wastewater treatment challenges faced by conventional methods have necessitated the need for alternative/complementary methods that are environmentally benign and efficient especially toward recalcitrant organic pollutants. In this regard, ZnO/SnO2 composite photocatalysts were synthesized using sol-gel method and employed in the photocatalytic degradation of Phenanthrene, benzo(a)pyrene and naphthalene, typical PAH’s in water solution. The photocatalyst material was characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the properties of the nanocomposite. The photocatalytic degradation activities of these nanocomposites towards phenanthrene, naphthalene and Benzo(a)pyrene were then investigated by measuring the effects irradiation time. In addition, the first-order kinetic model was used to determine the rate constant for the degradation reaction. The photocatalytic degradation data exhibited a trend fitting the pseudo first-order kinetics as defined by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, which allowed prediction of the faster degradation rate by the ZnO/SnO2 nanohybrid (NH). Keywords: Photocatalyst, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, composite","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77815939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118407
{"title":"The Influence of Women in the New Testament on Christian Women in Pentecostal Churches Towards Evangelism in Kano State","authors":"","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80528530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118225
Z. Easton, F. Waanders, E. Fosso-Kankeu
For environmental and aesthetic purposes it has become essential that mine dump rocks either blend into the environment or be used in the production of other products. Lately, there has been a constant need to produce more durable road and construction material and to develop an alternative for granite countertops and flooring. For the visibility of road surface material and the aesthetic aspect of countertops, the colouring of mine dump rocks was considered. A cost effective and environmentally friendly process was suggested to colour mine dump rocks. In this study different colouring agents for three mine dumping rocks, dolomite, quartzite and dolerite, were investigated. The aim was to create lasting colours that have a high wear resistance to weather conditions. Coloured dolomite can be used as road and construction material, coloured quartzite as countertops while coloured dolerite can serve as a replacement for road surfaces. Keywords— Dolerite, Dolomite, Mine dump rocks, Quartzite, Rock colouring
{"title":"Colouring of Dolomite, Quartzite and Dolerite Mine Dump Rocks","authors":"Z. Easton, F. Waanders, E. Fosso-Kankeu","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118225","url":null,"abstract":"For environmental and aesthetic purposes it has become essential that mine dump rocks either blend into the environment or be used in the production of other products. Lately, there has been a constant need to produce more durable road and construction material and to develop an alternative for granite countertops and flooring. For the visibility of road surface material and the aesthetic aspect of countertops, the colouring of mine dump rocks was considered. A cost effective and environmentally friendly process was suggested to colour mine dump rocks. In this study different colouring agents for three mine dumping rocks, dolomite, quartzite and dolerite, were investigated. The aim was to create lasting colours that have a high wear resistance to weather conditions. Coloured dolomite can be used as road and construction material, coloured quartzite as countertops while coloured dolerite can serve as a replacement for road surfaces. Keywords— Dolerite, Dolomite, Mine dump rocks, Quartzite, Rock colouring","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78967788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118451
{"title":"Competence Practices on Contemporary Business Education: Teaching & Learning","authors":"","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74605633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-19DOI: 10.17758/eares4.eap1118447
{"title":"Project Management Software Use and Influence on Project Success","authors":"","doi":"10.17758/eares4.eap1118447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17758/eares4.eap1118447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8495,"journal":{"name":"ASETH-18,ACABES-18 & EBHSSS-18 Nov. 19-20 2018 Cape Town (South Africa)","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77257345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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