Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.5325/mediterraneanstu.28.2.0300
{"title":"Brief Itineraries of MSA Post-Tours","authors":"","doi":"10.5325/mediterraneanstu.28.2.0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.28.2.0300","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70867873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-03DOI: 10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0210
Gina Marie Breen
abstract:Albert Camus was born in Mondovi, Algeria, in 1913 to white European settlers of French and Spanish origin. Hence, Camus and his parents belonged to the pied-noir community, a term commonly used to refer to Europeans who settled in Algeria during the French colonial occupation. While Camus chose Algeria as the setting for four of his literary texts, this article focuses on Camus’s first novel, L’Étranger, written during World War II and published in 1942, and his unfinished, posthumous, semiautobiographical novel Le Premier Homme, written during Algeria’s War of Independence and published in 1994, because they both discuss the French Algerian pied-noir community. I argue that this distinction allows them to best convey the evolution of Camus’s pied-noir identity. Through an analysis of these novels, I examine the ambivalence of Camus’s representations of French Algeria. Though his writing has left an ambivalent legacy, I contend that Camus mythologizes the past and present primarily through his piednoir origins. His poverty and loss are consolidated in his negative prognosis for Algeria’s future, a prognosis that is often mistrustful of Algerian independence. Often his pied-noir upbringing and experiences with poverty and marginality put in question the very possibility of an all-inclusive nation, rendering him incapable of imagining a hybrid community of French and Algerians living together. These works convey the complexity of Camus’s identities, and foreground his attempt and ultimate failure to navigate his past and access memories. In the end, these novels offer us a nuanced exploration of pied-noir marginality.
阿尔伯特·加缪1913年出生于阿尔及利亚蒙多维，父母是法国和西班牙血统的欧洲白人定居者。因此，加缪和他的父母属于黑社会，这个词通常用来指在法国殖民占领期间定居在阿尔及利亚的欧洲人。虽然加缪选择了阿尔及利亚作为他的四部文学文本的背景，但本文重点关注加缪的第一部小说《L’Étranger》，这部小说写在第二次世界大战期间，于1942年出版，以及他未完成的、死后的、半自传体的小说《Le Premier Homme》，这本小说写在阿尔及利亚独立战争期间，于1994年出版，因为他们都在讨论法阿混血儿群体。我认为，这种区别使他们能够最好地传达加缪黑色花衣身份的演变。通过对这些小说的分析，我考察了加缪对法属阿尔及利亚的描写中的矛盾心理。尽管加缪的作品留下了矛盾的遗产，但我认为加缪主要通过他的黑色起源来神话过去和现在。他的贫困和损失在他对阿尔及利亚未来的负面预测中得到了巩固，这种预测往往不信任阿尔及利亚的独立。他那黑色的成长经历以及贫困和边缘化的经历常常让人质疑一个包容各方的国家的可能性，使他无法想象一个由法国人和阿尔及利亚人共同生活的混合社区。这些作品传达了加缪身份的复杂性，并预示了他试图驾驭自己的过去和获取记忆的最终失败。最后，这些小说为我们提供了一个细致入微的探索黑色边缘。
{"title":"Neither Algerian, nor French: Albert Camus’s Pied-Noir Identity","authors":"Gina Marie Breen","doi":"10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0210","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Albert Camus was born in Mondovi, Algeria, in 1913 to white European settlers of French and Spanish origin. Hence, Camus and his parents belonged to the pied-noir community, a term commonly used to refer to Europeans who settled in Algeria during the French colonial occupation. While Camus chose Algeria as the setting for four of his literary texts, this article focuses on Camus’s first novel, L’Étranger, written during World War II and published in 1942, and his unfinished, posthumous, semiautobiographical novel Le Premier Homme, written during Algeria’s War of Independence and published in 1994, because they both discuss the French Algerian pied-noir community. I argue that this distinction allows them to best convey the evolution of Camus’s pied-noir identity. Through an analysis of these novels, I examine the ambivalence of Camus’s representations of French Algeria. Though his writing has left an ambivalent legacy, I contend that Camus mythologizes the past and present primarily through his piednoir origins. His poverty and loss are consolidated in his negative prognosis for Algeria’s future, a prognosis that is often mistrustful of Algerian independence. Often his pied-noir upbringing and experiences with poverty and marginality put in question the very possibility of an all-inclusive nation, rendering him incapable of imagining a hybrid community of French and Algerians living together. These works convey the complexity of Camus’s identities, and foreground his attempt and ultimate failure to navigate his past and access memories. In the end, these novels offer us a nuanced exploration of pied-noir marginality.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"210 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45996531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-03DOI: 10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0152
M. Byrd
abstract:In Plato’s Republic, Socrates contrasts dianoetic reasoning to dialectic, his preferred method of inquiry and demonstration. Though dianoetic is unable to yield knowledge, when practiced correctly it may serve as a “prelude” to dialectic. Socrates adopts the dianoetic method in his use of the city/soul analogy to investigate justice and its effects on the soul in Books 2–4 and 8–9. Significantly, conclusions from these arguments have had great influence on interpreters of Plato’s political and moral philosophy in the Republic. Here, I argue that the dianoetic status of Socrates’ investigation has implications for how we should read the dialogue: Socrates’ conclusions should be considered not as stopping points but as road signs in guiding us to the dialectical path. I support this thesis by (1) explaining dianoetic reasoning and contrasting its correct and incorrect use, (2) drawing parallels between the correct use of dianoetic reasoning and Socrates’ use of the city/soul analogy in the Republic, and (3) showing how this dianoetic investigation may serve as a prelude to dialectic for the reader.
{"title":"Dianoetic Education in Plato’s Republic","authors":"M. Byrd","doi":"10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0152","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:In Plato’s Republic, Socrates contrasts dianoetic reasoning to dialectic, his preferred method of inquiry and demonstration. Though dianoetic is unable to yield knowledge, when practiced correctly it may serve as a “prelude” to dialectic. Socrates adopts the dianoetic method in his use of the city/soul analogy to investigate justice and its effects on the soul in Books 2–4 and 8–9. Significantly, conclusions from these arguments have had great influence on interpreters of Plato’s political and moral philosophy in the Republic. Here, I argue that the dianoetic status of Socrates’ investigation has implications for how we should read the dialogue: Socrates’ conclusions should be considered not as stopping points but as road signs in guiding us to the dialectical path. I support this thesis by (1) explaining dianoetic reasoning and contrasting its correct and incorrect use, (2) drawing parallels between the correct use of dianoetic reasoning and Socrates’ use of the city/soul analogy in the Republic, and (3) showing how this dianoetic investigation may serve as a prelude to dialectic for the reader.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"152 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41454073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-03DOI: 10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0124
Rislow
abstract:In fifteenth-century Genoa, the illustrious Doria family sought to augment their neighborhood with at least nine soprapporte, a lintel relief type particular to the Ligurian region. Adorned with Genoese and Doria patron saints and framed by the family’s coats of arms, these overdoor sculptures acted as both protective devices and also as promotional place markers visible to the frequent processions and celebrations along the public streets and piazza they faced. This essay posits that the Doria used soprapporte to not only endorse a unified Genoa but also to advance their individual family agenda on an international stage.
{"title":"Sculpting Public Presence in Early Modern Genoa: Overdoor Imagery in the Doria Family Neighborhood","authors":"Rislow","doi":"10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0124","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:In fifteenth-century Genoa, the illustrious Doria family sought to augment their neighborhood with at least nine soprapporte, a lintel relief type particular to the Ligurian region. Adorned with Genoese and Doria patron saints and framed by the family’s coats of arms, these overdoor sculptures acted as both protective devices and also as promotional place markers visible to the frequent processions and celebrations along the public streets and piazza they faced. This essay posits that the Doria used soprapporte to not only endorse a unified Genoa but also to advance their individual family agenda on an international stage.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"124 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44512914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-03DOI: 10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0182
N. Miller
abstract:Throughout the twelfth century, a number of Arabic-speaking Muslims produced poetry in the court of the Normans of Sicily. This article examines literary figures active under Roger II in the context of their interlocutors, professional colleagues, and other contemporaries around the western Mediterranean and North Africa. It argues that, in this context, most of the Sicilian Arab literary figures were only secondarily poets, their primary role being within a chancery or other administrative milieu, and that they continued to assert an undiminished Islamic identity, although living under Christian rule. This identity is mirrored in the intertextual play on topoi (maʿānī) found in Sicilian Arabic poetry, which was heavily engaged with cultural activity around the Mediterranean.
{"title":"Muslim Poets under a Christian King: An Intertextual Reevaluation of Sicilian Arabic Literature under Roger II (1112–54) (Part I)","authors":"N. Miller","doi":"10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/mediterraneanstu.27.2.0182","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:Throughout the twelfth century, a number of Arabic-speaking Muslims produced poetry in the court of the Normans of Sicily. This article examines literary figures active under Roger II in the context of their interlocutors, professional colleagues, and other contemporaries around the western Mediterranean and North Africa. It argues that, in this context, most of the Sicilian Arab literary figures were only secondarily poets, their primary role being within a chancery or other administrative milieu, and that they continued to assert an undiminished Islamic identity, although living under Christian rule. This identity is mirrored in the intertextual play on topoi (maʿānī) found in Sicilian Arabic poetry, which was heavily engaged with cultural activity around the Mediterranean.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"182 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47362058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-11DOI: 10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0036
Jane-Heloise Nancarrow
abstract:From 1225 to 1250, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, built or renovated at least seventy defensive structures in the southern Italian province of Apulia. These buildings blended Roman, Islamic, or Byzantine elements with newer Gothic architecture; however, many of these architectural traits had already been adapted by the Norman lords of southern Italy in the preceding two centuries. Thus we must consider Frederick's originality in light of this less studied trend in the existing Romanesque canon. Frederick's replication of Norman architectural practices was based on the fact that they previously been used as a tool of empire, and it echoes his reuse of Roman remains. This article considers several aspects of Frederick's architectural program, including topographical layout and geographical positioning, his appropriation of Roman and Norman remains, and his adoption of classical and Norman artistic and engineering practices as nuanced processes of architectural spoliation and innovation.
{"title":"Normanitas and Memorial Traditions in the Apulian Architecture of Emperor Frederick II","authors":"Jane-Heloise Nancarrow","doi":"10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0036","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:From 1225 to 1250, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, built or renovated at least seventy defensive structures in the southern Italian province of Apulia. These buildings blended Roman, Islamic, or Byzantine elements with newer Gothic architecture; however, many of these architectural traits had already been adapted by the Norman lords of southern Italy in the preceding two centuries. Thus we must consider Frederick's originality in light of this less studied trend in the existing Romanesque canon. Frederick's replication of Norman architectural practices was based on the fact that they previously been used as a tool of empire, and it echoes his reuse of Roman remains. This article considers several aspects of Frederick's architectural program, including topographical layout and geographical positioning, his appropriation of Roman and Norman remains, and his adoption of classical and Norman artistic and engineering practices as nuanced processes of architectural spoliation and innovation.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"36 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41452421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-11DOI: 10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0063
D. Kagay
abstract:This article focuses on the development of war theory during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and how it affected the practical ruling philosophy of one Iberian king—Pere III of Aragon (r. 1336–87). Though familiar with the many warfare manuals of his era, Pere was directly influenced by the religious work of his uncle, Prince Pere d'Aragó (1305–81) and the chivalric autobiography of his great-great grandfather, Jaume I (r. 1214–76). King Pere III used these works to better understand war and to try to improve his own performance as both king and commander, both of which avocations he thought and wrote about in great detail.
{"title":"The Theory and Practice of War and Government Practiced by King Pere III \"the Ceremonious\" of Aragon (1336–87)","authors":"D. Kagay","doi":"10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0063","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:This article focuses on the development of war theory during the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and how it affected the practical ruling philosophy of one Iberian king—Pere III of Aragon (r. 1336–87). Though familiar with the many warfare manuals of his era, Pere was directly influenced by the religious work of his uncle, Prince Pere d'Aragó (1305–81) and the chivalric autobiography of his great-great grandfather, Jaume I (r. 1214–76). King Pere III used these works to better understand war and to try to improve his own performance as both king and commander, both of which avocations he thought and wrote about in great detail.","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"63 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43353798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-11DOI: 10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0001
S. Davies
abstract:The debated term "Mediterranean" has been variously understood as a modern construct, a "politics of knowledge," and/or a zone of community or conflict. This article argues that such polyvalence can be traced back to the second century BCE. During this period, and in Polybius' Histories, a teleological understanding of world power was evolving, one that labeled Rome as an inevitably superior focal point of a Mediterranean-centered "oikoumenē." Geographic determinism combined with a language of cultural capital to weave a new map of the "inhabited world," according to which "global" time and space unified along the spine of an "Our Sea."
{"title":"Weaving a Map of \"Global\" Empire: The Second-Century BCE Origins of Mediterraneanism","authors":"S. Davies","doi":"10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/MEDITERRANEANSTU.27.1.0001","url":null,"abstract":"abstract:The debated term \"Mediterranean\" has been variously understood as a modern construct, a \"politics of knowledge,\" and/or a zone of community or conflict. This article argues that such polyvalence can be traced back to the second century BCE. During this period, and in Polybius' Histories, a teleological understanding of world power was evolving, one that labeled Rome as an inevitably superior focal point of a Mediterranean-centered \"oikoumenē.\" Geographic determinism combined with a language of cultural capital to weave a new map of the \"inhabited world,\" according to which \"global\" time and space unified along the spine of an \"Our Sea.\"","PeriodicalId":85059,"journal":{"name":"Korea & world affairs","volume":"27 1","pages":"1 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44607514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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