Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51071
Saheli Das, Afshan Jabeen
Clobazam, an aromatic antiepileptic drugs and its active metabolite desmethylclobazam, has high affinity and agonistic activity on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors resulting in suppression of abnormal and excessive activity of neurons. The reported incidence of maculopapular rash with Clobazam is <1%. A 13-year-old male with a diagnosis of febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome developed a generalized erythematous maculopapular rash the next day following the introduction of Clobazam. Following this event, Clobazam was stopped and reintroduced after 17 days. However, the rash did not appear after its reintroduction. It was observed that the patient was on Fluconazole when the rash appeared. Fluconazole being a strong CYP2C19 inhibitor, results in an increased level of active metabolite, desmethylclobazam, which probably could have caused the rash. According to the World Health Organization, Uppsala Monitoring Centre Criteria, causality assessment was found to be probable. Adverse drug reaction was recorded and reported.
{"title":"A RARE ADVERSE EFFECT OF CLOBAZAM INDUCED RASH IN A CHILD WITH FIRES (FEBRILE INFECTION WITH REFRACTORY EPILEPSY SYNDROME)","authors":"Saheli Das, Afshan Jabeen","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51071","url":null,"abstract":"Clobazam, an aromatic antiepileptic drugs and its active metabolite desmethylclobazam, has high affinity and agonistic activity on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors resulting in suppression of abnormal and excessive activity of neurons. The reported incidence of maculopapular rash with Clobazam is <1%. A 13-year-old male with a diagnosis of febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome developed a generalized erythematous maculopapular rash the next day following the introduction of Clobazam. Following this event, Clobazam was stopped and reintroduced after 17 days. However, the rash did not appear after its reintroduction. It was observed that the patient was on Fluconazole when the rash appeared. Fluconazole being a strong CYP2C19 inhibitor, results in an increased level of active metabolite, desmethylclobazam, which probably could have caused the rash. According to the World Health Organization, Uppsala Monitoring Centre Criteria, causality assessment was found to be probable. Adverse drug reaction was recorded and reported.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The present study was conducted as an attempt to determine a correlation between the transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) and the gestational age (GA) as determined by the last menstrual period (LMP) and other sonographic parameters such as biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) in healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy between the 15th week of gestation to term, to derive normogram for estimating the GA of the fetus from ultrasonographically measured transverse cerebellar diameter. Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1040 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy between the 15th week of gestation to term. Correlation between the GA by LMP with GA by other ultrasound parameters was done using Karl Pearson’s correlation(r). Results: This study demonstrated that throughout 15–40 weeks, TCD showed a strong correlation with clinical GA with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.967 and a statistically significant correlation. Correlation coefficients between TCD and BPD, TCD and HC, TCD and AC, and TCD and FL being 0.987, 0.987, 0.986, and 0.988, respectively, indicated statistically significant and very strong correlation. Normogram of TCD showed that there was a linear relationship between cerebellar growth and gestational age. Conclusion: TCD can be used as a reliable parameter for the determination of GA.
{"title":"CORRELATION BETWEEN FETAL BIOMETRY AND FETAL TRANSVERSE CEREBELLAR DIAMETER IN DETERMINATION OF GESTATIONAL AGE FROM THE 15TH WEEK OF GESTATION TO TERM IN HEALTHY WOMEN WITH UNCOMPLICATED PREGNANCY","authors":"Amanjeet Kaur, Amita Kumari, Yadav Suman, Kaur Parasdeep","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.49441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.49441","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The present study was conducted as an attempt to determine a correlation between the transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) and the gestational age (GA) as determined by the last menstrual period (LMP) and other sonographic parameters such as biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL) in healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy between the 15th week of gestation to term, to derive normogram for estimating the GA of the fetus from ultrasonographically measured transverse cerebellar diameter.\u0000Methods: This prospective study was conducted on 1040 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy between the 15th week of gestation to term. Correlation between the GA by LMP with GA by other ultrasound parameters was done using Karl Pearson’s correlation(r).\u0000Results: This study demonstrated that throughout 15–40 weeks, TCD showed a strong correlation with clinical GA with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.967 and a statistically significant correlation. Correlation coefficients between TCD and BPD, TCD and HC, TCD and AC, and TCD and FL being 0.987, 0.987, 0.986, and 0.988, respectively, indicated statistically significant and very strong correlation. Normogram of TCD showed that there was a linear relationship between cerebellar growth and gestational age.\u0000Conclusion: TCD can be used as a reliable parameter for the determination of GA.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50514
Narendra Pentu, S. M, R. T
Flavonoids, present in plants, constitute a varied group of naturally occurring compounds well-known for their potential positive effects on health. These molecules present in fruits, vegetables, and beverages such as tea exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other bioactive properties that contribute to their positive impact on human health. In addition, flavonoids act as antioxidants, helping plants combat oxidative stress. Some flavonoids also participate in ultraviolet protection, defense against pathogens, and modulation of plant-microbe interactions. Flavonoids have a different subclass of flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. The term “bioavailability” describes how well the body absorbs and uses flavonoids, a broad class of plant-based chemicals. The chemical structure of flavonoids, the matrix of foods they are eaten interactions with other dietary components influence their bioavailability. This metabolism can lead to the formation of various metabolites, impacting the compounds’ bioactivity. Understanding these aspects is crucial for unlocking the full potential of flavonoids in promoting health and preventing diseases. Patents on flavonoids serve as legal protections for innovations related to these plant compounds. Companies and researchers seek patents to safeguard novel methods of extraction, synthesis, and applications ensuring exclusivity for a specified period. This exclusivity incentivizes investment in research and development, promoting the exploration of flavonoids for pharmaceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics. Ultimately, these legal protections encourage advancements in understanding and harnessing the diverse benefits of flavonoids across various industries.
{"title":"FLAVANOIDS: AN ERA OF NUTRACEUTICALS TURNING IN TO MEDICINAL AGENTS","authors":"Narendra Pentu, S. M, R. T","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50514","url":null,"abstract":"Flavonoids, present in plants, constitute a varied group of naturally occurring compounds well-known for their potential positive effects on health. These molecules present in fruits, vegetables, and beverages such as tea exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other bioactive properties that contribute to their positive impact on human health. In addition, flavonoids act as antioxidants, helping plants combat oxidative stress. Some flavonoids also participate in ultraviolet protection, defense against pathogens, and modulation of plant-microbe interactions. Flavonoids have a different subclass of flavones, flavonols, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, and isoflavones. The term “bioavailability” describes how well the body absorbs and uses flavonoids, a broad class of plant-based chemicals. The chemical structure of flavonoids, the matrix of foods they are eaten interactions with other dietary components influence their bioavailability. This metabolism can lead to the formation of various metabolites, impacting the compounds’ bioactivity. Understanding these aspects is crucial for unlocking the full potential of flavonoids in promoting health and preventing diseases. Patents on flavonoids serve as legal protections for innovations related to these plant compounds. Companies and researchers seek patents to safeguard novel methods of extraction, synthesis, and applications ensuring exclusivity for a specified period. This exclusivity incentivizes investment in research and development, promoting the exploration of flavonoids for pharmaceuticals, food additives, and cosmetics. Ultimately, these legal protections encourage advancements in understanding and harnessing the diverse benefits of flavonoids across various industries.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Objectives of our study were (1) to study and compare obstetric outcome in women with oligohydramnios, borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI), and normal AFI in terms of (a) type of labor (spontaneous/induced) and (b) mode of delivery-C-section or vaginal delivery and (2) to study and compare perinatal outcome in women with oligohydramnios, borderline AFI, and normal AFI in terms of (a) prematurity, (b) APGAR score at 1 and 5 min, (c) fetal distress, (d) low birth weight, (e) weight for gestational age, (f) neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, (g) cause of NICU admission, and (h) neonatal deaths. Methods: This prospective and comparative study was conducted in Rajindra Hospital Patiala, over a period of 1 year. Women with ≥34 weeks POG were subjected to ultrasonography. They were then divided into following three groups of 50 women each depending upon AFI: Group A – oligohydramnios (AFI <5 cm), Group B – borderline AFI (AFI 5–8 cm), and Group C – normal AFI (AFI >8–25 cm). Patients were followed up to 40 weeks POG or till delivery occurred or decision for C-section was taken. Results: Perinatal outcome was adversely affected by decrease in AFI in terms of increase in rate of preterm delivery, small for gestational age babies, low birth weight babies, and neonatal deaths. Conclusion: Measurement of AFI is an important tool for prediction of adverse neonatal outcome
{"title":"EVALUATION OF MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOME IN WOMEN WITH BORDERLINE AFI AND OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS IN THIRD TRIMESTER: A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY","authors":"ARSHDEEP KAUR, MANJIT KAUR MOHI, PUNEET GAMBHIR, MANJEET KAUR, GURTEJ SINGH","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50677","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Objectives of our study were (1) to study and compare obstetric outcome in women with oligohydramnios, borderline amniotic fluid index (AFI), and normal AFI in terms of (a) type of labor (spontaneous/induced) and (b) mode of delivery-C-section or vaginal delivery and (2) to study and compare perinatal outcome in women with oligohydramnios, borderline AFI, and normal AFI in terms of (a) prematurity, (b) APGAR score at 1 and 5 min, (c) fetal distress, (d) low birth weight, (e) weight for gestational age, (f) neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, (g) cause of NICU admission, and (h) neonatal deaths.\u0000Methods: This prospective and comparative study was conducted in Rajindra Hospital Patiala, over a period of 1 year. Women with ≥34 weeks POG were subjected to ultrasonography. They were then divided into following three groups of 50 women each depending upon AFI: Group A – oligohydramnios (AFI <5 cm), Group B – borderline AFI (AFI 5–8 cm), and Group C – normal AFI (AFI >8–25 cm). Patients were followed up to 40 weeks POG or till delivery occurred or decision for C-section was taken.\u0000Results: Perinatal outcome was adversely affected by decrease in AFI in terms of increase in rate of preterm delivery, small for gestational age babies, low birth weight babies, and neonatal deaths.\u0000Conclusion: Measurement of AFI is an important tool for prediction of adverse neonatal outcome","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141370660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50959
Kavindra Borgaonkar, Ranjit Patil
Objectives: Competency-based medical education (CBME) is an outcome-based teaching method in which gain the knowledge of competencies for early clinical exposure. Case-based learning (CBL) is one of the approaches of CBME which makes learning more effective and interesting. In this backdrop, the present study was conducted to compare the outcome of CBL and the traditional method of teaching in the biochemistry curriculum. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 MBBS 1st year students and was divided into two groups, Group A (n=65) was allocated to CBL, and Group B (n=65) underwent a traditional teaching module. The pre- and post-test scores were compared between the groups and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The students were exposed to two lectures and for lecture 1 the post-test scores were significantly higher in CBL as compared traditional learning module (55.42±10.72 vs. 51.32±9.43; p=0.02). Similarly in lecture 2, the post-test scores were significantly higher in CBL as compared traditional learning module (58.87±10.76 vs. 53.12±8.28; p=0.01). Conclusion: CBL is a remarkable and efficient method for teaching biochemistry and it was positively perceived by students.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF CASE-BASED LEARNING AND TRADITIONAL TEACHING TO EVALUATE LEARNING AND ACADEMIC OUTCOME OF FIRST-YEAR MBBS STUDENTS IN BIOCHEMISTRY CURRICULUM","authors":"Kavindra Borgaonkar, Ranjit Patil","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50959","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Competency-based medical education (CBME) is an outcome-based teaching method in which gain the knowledge of competencies for early clinical exposure. Case-based learning (CBL) is one of the approaches of CBME which makes learning more effective and interesting. In this backdrop, the present study was conducted to compare the outcome of CBL and the traditional method of teaching in the biochemistry curriculum.\u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 MBBS 1st year students and was divided into two groups, Group A (n=65) was allocated to CBL, and Group B (n=65) underwent a traditional teaching module. The pre- and post-test scores were compared between the groups and p<0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: The students were exposed to two lectures and for lecture 1 the post-test scores were significantly higher in CBL as compared traditional learning module (55.42±10.72 vs. 51.32±9.43; p=0.02). Similarly in lecture 2, the post-test scores were significantly higher in CBL as compared traditional learning module (58.87±10.76 vs. 53.12±8.28; p=0.01).\u0000Conclusion: CBL is a remarkable and efficient method for teaching biochemistry and it was positively perceived by students.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51395
Yugal Chandrakar, Ninjarao Evane, Akhilesh Yona
Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of Tanselone and Dexamethasone in TFESIs and provide guidance for their use, particularly for new pain specialists and postgraduate students. Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted, enrolling 100 patients with spinal pain syndromes randomized to receive either Tanselone or Dexamethasone in TFESIs. Pain intensity scores and functional outcomes were assessed at baseline and follow-up intervals (11). Adverse events related to TFESIs were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed to compare outcomes between the two groups. Results: Tanselone demonstrated superior efficacy in pain relief and functional improvement compared to Dexamethasone, with patients in the Tanselone group experiencing greater reductions in pain intensity scores and improvements in functional outcomes at all follow-up intervals. However, concerns were raised regarding the potential risk of vascular complications associated with Tanselone’s particulate nature. For new pain specialists and postgraduate students, Dexamethasone may be considered a safer alternative to minimize the risk of complications associated with TFESIs (11). A difference which was significant statistically in the Pain intensity score questionnaire (3.73±1.15 in group T, 6.55±0.51 in group Dx) and Oswestry disability index (18.67±7.13 in group T, 35.83±5.10 in group Dx) was found in both but was more in Tanselone group. Conclusion: By comparing Tanselone and dexamethasone for epidural injection, for the duration of analgesia of pain in lumbar radiculopathy, injection of Tanselone has been found to be more effective than injection of dexamethasone through transforaminal route. Clinicians should weigh the potential benefits of Tanselone’s efficacy against its perceived risks and consider using Dexamethasone, especially for novice practitioners, to minimize the risk of complications and ensure procedural safety in patients with spinal pain syndromes.
{"title":"A STUDY ON TRANSFORAMINAL BLOCK COMPARISON OF TANSELONE AND DEXAMETHASONE","authors":"Yugal Chandrakar, Ninjarao Evane, Akhilesh Yona","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51395","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of Tanselone and Dexamethasone in TFESIs and provide guidance for their use, particularly for new pain specialists and postgraduate students.\u0000Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted, enrolling 100 patients with spinal pain syndromes randomized to receive either Tanselone or Dexamethasone in TFESIs. Pain intensity scores and functional outcomes were assessed at baseline and follow-up intervals (11). Adverse events related to TFESIs were monitored. Statistical analysis was performed to compare outcomes between the two groups.\u0000Results: Tanselone demonstrated superior efficacy in pain relief and functional improvement compared to Dexamethasone, with patients in the Tanselone group experiencing greater reductions in pain intensity scores and improvements in functional outcomes at all follow-up intervals. However, concerns were raised regarding the potential risk of vascular complications associated with Tanselone’s particulate nature. For new pain specialists and postgraduate students, Dexamethasone may be considered a safer alternative to minimize the risk of complications associated with TFESIs (11). A difference which was significant statistically in the Pain intensity score questionnaire (3.73±1.15 in group T, 6.55±0.51 in group Dx) and Oswestry disability index (18.67±7.13 in group T, 35.83±5.10 in group Dx) was found in both but was more in Tanselone group.\u0000Conclusion: By comparing Tanselone and dexamethasone for epidural injection, for the duration of analgesia of pain in lumbar radiculopathy, injection of Tanselone has been found to be more effective than injection of dexamethasone through transforaminal route. Clinicians should weigh the potential benefits of Tanselone’s efficacy against its perceived risks and consider using Dexamethasone, especially for novice practitioners, to minimize the risk of complications and ensure procedural safety in patients with spinal pain syndromes.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141374549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50679
Ruchika tripathi, Uday prabhakar, Rajaram yadav
Objective: The present study aims at measuring the impact of the disease on the quality of life (QoL) of the patients and its relation to the number of relapses in the disease course and the socio-economic status (SES) of the patients. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study that was undertaken for a period of 6 months. A total of 100 patients aged 16 or more were enrolled with clinically and microscopically proven dermatophytosis of the skin and evaluated for impact on QoL using the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire. A modified BG Prasad scale was used for assessing the SES of the study subjects. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test to determine the impact of dermatophytosis on QoL, and the correlation of DLQI scores with the number of relapses and SES of the patients was also assessed. Results: The majority of patients (80%) reported to have a moderate to very large impact on QoL due to tinea. The DLQI was found to be significantly associated with the number of relapses (p=0.023). However, no significant association was seen with socioeconomic class (p=0.670). Conclusion: Superficial dermatophytosis has a large effect on the QoL of the patients, and it impacts their lives adversely, leading to psychological and social problems.
研究目的本研究旨在测量疾病对患者生活质量（QoL）的影响及其与病程中复发次数和患者社会经济地位（SES）的关系：该研究是一项横断面研究，为期 6 个月。共招募了 100 名年龄在 16 岁或以上、经临床和显微镜检查证实患有皮肤真菌病的患者，并使用皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）问卷对其生活质量的影响进行了评估。在评估研究对象的社会经济地位时，使用了改良的 BG Prasad 量表。采用 t 检验法进行统计分析，以确定皮肤癣菌病对 QoL 的影响，同时还评估了 DLQI 分数与复发次数和患者 SES 的相关性：结果：大多数患者（80%）表示，皮癣对他们的 QoL 有中度到非常大的影响。研究发现，DLQI 与复发次数有显著相关性（p=0.023）。但与社会经济阶层无明显关系（p=0.670）：结论：表皮真菌病对患者的 QoL 有很大影响，对他们的生活造成不利影响，导致心理和社会问题。
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF SUPERFICIAL DERMATOPHYTOSIS ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN A RURAL POPULATION: A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY","authors":"Ruchika tripathi, Uday prabhakar, Rajaram yadav","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50679","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims at measuring the impact of the disease on the quality of life (QoL) of the patients and its relation to the number of relapses in the disease course and the socio-economic status (SES) of the patients.\u0000Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study that was undertaken for a period of 6 months. A total of 100 patients aged 16 or more were enrolled with clinically and microscopically proven dermatophytosis of the skin and evaluated for impact on QoL using the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire. A modified BG Prasad scale was used for assessing the SES of the study subjects. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test to determine the impact of dermatophytosis on QoL, and the correlation of DLQI scores with the number of relapses and SES of the patients was also assessed.\u0000Results: The majority of patients (80%) reported to have a moderate to very large impact on QoL due to tinea. The DLQI was found to be significantly associated with the number of relapses (p=0.023). However, no significant association was seen with socioeconomic class (p=0.670).\u0000Conclusion: Superficial dermatophytosis has a large effect on the QoL of the patients, and it impacts their lives adversely, leading to psychological and social problems.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51265
Bhawna Parmar, V. Som, Aditi Dubey
Objectives: The objectives are to study the clinical course and outcomes of Zone I retinopathy of prematurity and also to study the indication of management and the factors affecting the choice of treatment modality. Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology. All the neonates having Zone I retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at presentation according to the International Classification of ROP classification were included in the study after obtaining permission from the institutional ethics committee and consent from parents. Results: In the present study, 526 neonates were screened and ROP was detected in 131 neonates with an incidence of 24.90%. Out of those 131, Zone I ROP was detected in 50 neonates, giving an incidence of 9.50%. Conclusion: In our study, Type 1 ROP has a variable course with 47.61% who initially had mild-looking disease developed Type 1 ROP requiring treatment. Hence, a proper timely follow-up is also important in these patients, we cannot exclude the probability of ROP based on the first examination, because when they are present, they are very preterm so vascularization is only until Zone I.
研究目的目的：研究 I 区早产儿视网膜病变的临床过程和结果，并研究治疗指征和影响治疗方式选择的因素：本研究是在眼科部进行的一项前瞻性观察研究。所有根据国际早产儿视网膜病变分类法（International Classification of ROP）发病时患有I区早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）的新生儿，在获得机构伦理委员会的许可和家长的同意后，均被纳入研究范围：本研究共筛查了 526 名新生儿，发现 131 名新生儿患有早产儿视网膜病变，发生率为 24.90%。在这 131 名新生儿中，50 名新生儿被检测出 I 区 ROP，发生率为 9.50%：结论：在我们的研究中，1 型 ROP 的病程多变，47.61% 的新生儿最初病情较轻，但后来发展为需要治疗的 1 型 ROP。因此，对这些患者进行适当、及时的随访也很重要，我们不能根据第一次检查就排除患上 ROP 的可能性，因为当他们出现 ROP 时，他们还非常早产，所以血管形成只到 I 区。
{"title":"EVALUATION OF CLINICAL COURSE AND OUTCOMES IN ZONE I RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN A TERTIARY CARE INSTITUTE","authors":"Bhawna Parmar, V. Som, Aditi Dubey","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.51265","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives are to study the clinical course and outcomes of Zone I retinopathy of prematurity and also to study the indication of management and the factors affecting the choice of treatment modality.\u0000Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology. All the neonates having Zone I retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at presentation according to the International Classification of ROP classification were included in the study after obtaining permission from the institutional ethics committee and consent from parents.\u0000Results: In the present study, 526 neonates were screened and ROP was detected in 131 neonates with an incidence of 24.90%. Out of those 131, Zone I ROP was detected in 50 neonates, giving an incidence of 9.50%.\u0000Conclusion: In our study, Type 1 ROP has a variable course with 47.61% who initially had mild-looking disease developed Type 1 ROP requiring treatment. Hence, a proper timely follow-up is also important in these patients, we cannot exclude the probability of ROP based on the first examination, because when they are present, they are very preterm so vascularization is only until Zone I.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is about 5–10% of all pregnancies [1]. Pre-eclampsia alone or superimposed on chronic hypertension is the most threatening. This study is done to evaluate the levels of serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D and Calcium in normal antenatal patients and patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and their effects on perinatal and maternal outcome. Hence, that timely intervention can prevent adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes. Methods: The present prospective observational study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India from May 2018 to April 2019. The study was conducted on 80 antenatal patients. Patients were divided into two groups with 40 patients in each group. Group I included patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and Group II included normal antenatal patients. Serum levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D were evaluated in both groups. Adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes were assessed in relation to the serum levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and normal antenatal patients. Categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. The analysis of continuous variable was done by ANOVA. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel. p≤0.05 is taken as statistically significant. Results: The mean value of serum Vitamin D level in Group I was 22.30±6.11 ng/ml and 36.68±9.34 ng/ml in Group II giving p=0.016 which was highly significant. In Group I, mean calcium levels were 8.58±0.63 mg/dl and 9.27±0.40 mg/dl in Group II giving p=0.018 which was highly significant. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was −0.753 for serum Vitamin D and systolic blood pressure (BP) and the same for serum Vitamin D and diastolic BP with p=0.001 which was highly significant. The Pearson correlation coefficient was −0.537, −0.514 for serum calcium and systolic BP and serum calcium and diastolic BP, respectively, giving p=0.001. Conclusion: Serum levels of 25 (OH) Vitamin D and calcium have a significant relationship with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Low levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D cause an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and supplementation of these reduces the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Hence, their supplementation can be used as a possible intervention strategy in preventing one of the most common causes of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality around the world.
目的：妊娠期高血压疾病的发病率约占所有妊娠的 5-10%[1]。单纯子痫前期或合并慢性高血压的子痫前期威胁最大。本研究旨在评估正常产前患者和妊娠高血压患者血清 25 (OH) 维生素 D 和钙的水平及其对围产期和孕产妇结局的影响。因此，及时干预可预防围产期和孕产妇不良结局的发生：本前瞻性观察研究于 2018 年 5 月至 2019 年 4 月在印度旁遮普省帕蒂亚拉市政府医学院和拉金德拉医院妇产科进行。研究对象为 80 名产前患者。患者分为两组，每组 40 人。第一组包括妊娠高血压患者，第二组包括正常产前患者。对两组患者的血清钙和 25 (OH) 维生素 D 水平进行了评估。根据妊娠诱发高血压患者和正常产前患者血清中钙和 25 (OH) 维生素 D 的水平，对围产期和孕产妇的不良结局进行了评估。分类变量采用卡方检验（Chi-square test）和费雪精确检验（Fisher's exact test）进行分析。连续变量的分析采用方差分析。数据使用 SPSS 22 版和 Microsoft Excel 进行分析，P≤0.05 为差异有统计学意义：第一组血清维生素 D 平均值为 22.30±6.11 ng/ml，第二组为 36.68±9.34 ng/ml，P=0.016，差异有显著性。第一组的平均血钙水平为 8.58±0.63 mg/dl，第二组为 9.27±0.40 mg/dl，P=0.018，差异有显著性。血清维生素 D 与收缩压的皮尔逊相关系数为-0.753，血清维生素 D 与舒张压的皮尔逊相关系数也为-0.753，P=0.001，差异有非常显著性。血清钙与收缩压、血清钙与舒张压的皮尔逊相关系数分别为-0.537、-0.514，P=0.001：血清中 25 (OH) 维生素 D 和钙的水平与妊娠高血压有显著关系。低水平的钙和 25 (OH) 维生素 D 会增加妊娠诱发高血压的风险，而补充这两种物质可降低妊娠诱发高血压的发生率。因此，补充这些物质可作为一种可能的干预策略，以预防围产期和孕产妇发病率和死亡率的最常见原因之一。
{"title":"SERUM 25 (OH) VITAMIN D AND CALCIUM LEVELS AND ADVERSE MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION","authors":"Monika, Shelly Khillan, Rama Garg, Parneet Kaur, JASVIR SINGH","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50510","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is about 5–10% of all pregnancies [1]. Pre-eclampsia alone or superimposed on chronic hypertension is the most threatening. This study is done to evaluate the levels of serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D and Calcium in normal antenatal patients and patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and their effects on perinatal and maternal outcome. Hence, that timely intervention can prevent adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes.\u0000Methods: The present prospective observational study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India from May 2018 to April 2019. The study was conducted on 80 antenatal patients. Patients were divided into two groups with 40 patients in each group. Group I included patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and Group II included normal antenatal patients. Serum levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D were evaluated in both groups. Adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes were assessed in relation to the serum levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension and normal antenatal patients. Categorical variables were analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. The analysis of continuous variable was done by ANOVA. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel. p≤0.05 is taken as statistically significant.\u0000Results: The mean value of serum Vitamin D level in Group I was 22.30±6.11 ng/ml and 36.68±9.34 ng/ml in Group II giving p=0.016 which was highly significant. In Group I, mean calcium levels were 8.58±0.63 mg/dl and 9.27±0.40 mg/dl in Group II giving p=0.018 which was highly significant. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was −0.753 for serum Vitamin D and systolic blood pressure (BP) and the same for serum Vitamin D and diastolic BP with p=0.001 which was highly significant. The Pearson correlation coefficient was −0.537, −0.514 for serum calcium and systolic BP and serum calcium and diastolic BP, respectively, giving p=0.001.\u0000Conclusion: Serum levels of 25 (OH) Vitamin D and calcium have a significant relationship with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Low levels of calcium and 25 (OH) Vitamin D cause an increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and supplementation of these reduces the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Hence, their supplementation can be used as a possible intervention strategy in preventing one of the most common causes of perinatal and maternal morbidity and mortality around the world.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Self-medication (SM) is common in India. It is of greater significance when practiced by medical students as they going to be medical practitioners in the future. This study was conducted to assess the pattern of SM practices, perceptions, and attitudes among students pursuing 2nd-year professional MBBS in a tertiary medical college in the year 2019. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional one based on a questionnaire. It was conducted among the 2nd-year undergraduate (MBBS) medical students in a tertiary care medical college in West Bengal, India. Results: Out of 199 students approached, 198 consented to the study and filled in the supplied study questionnaire. Thirteen incomplete questionnaires were excluded and the remaining 185 were analyzed. It was found that 81.6% (151/185) respondents practiced SM. The most common ailments for seeking SM were fever 66.2% (100/151), followed by cough cold, and sore throat 55.0% (84/151), diarrhea/nausea, and vomiting 40.4% (61/151). The most common drug used for SM was paracetamol 73.51% (111/151), followed by H1 antihistaminics and proton pump inhibitors. A small percentage of students used topical preparations of steroids, analgesics, antibiotics, and antifungals as well. Among the common reasons for seeking SM, 72.2% (109/151) felt that their illness was mild and 57% (86/151) preferred it as they had prior experience. Conclusion: Our study showed that SM is commonly practiced among the students of this institution. Therefore, medical teachers need to try even more to generate adequate awareness among the students about inherent risks of SM.
目的：自我药疗（SM）在印度很常见。由于医学生将来会成为执业医师，因此自我药疗对他们来说意义重大。本研究旨在评估 2019 年一所高等医学院校医学学士专业二年级学生的自我药疗实践模式、认知和态度：本研究是一项基于问卷调查的横断面研究。研究对象为印度西孟加拉邦一所高等医学院校医学本科二年级（MBBS）学生：在所接触的 199 名学生中，有 198 名学生同意参加研究并填写了提供的研究问卷。13 份不完整的问卷被排除在外，其余 185 份问卷进行了分析。结果发现，81.6%（151/185）的受访者有 SM 的习惯。寻求 SM 的最常见疾病是发烧 66.2%（100/151），其次是咳嗽、感冒和喉咙痛 55.0%（84/151），腹泻/恶心和呕吐 40.4%（61/151）。最常见的 SM 药物是扑热息痛 73.51%（111/151），其次是 H1 抗组胺药和质子泵抑制剂。还有一小部分学生使用类固醇外用制剂、镇痛药、抗生素和抗真菌药。在寻求 SM 的常见原因中，72.2%（109/151）的学生认为他们的病情较轻，57%（86/151）的学生认为他们以前有过经验，因此更倾向于 SM：我们的研究表明，该院校的学生普遍采用 SM。因此，医学教师需要更加努力，让学生充分认识到 SM 的内在风险。
{"title":"A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON SELF-MEDICATION PRACTICES, PERCEPTION, AND ATTITUDES OF UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS AT A GOVERNMENT TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN EASTERN INDIA","authors":"Kushal Banerjee, Manasi Basu Banerjee, Abhishek Ghosh","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i6.50827","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Self-medication (SM) is common in India. It is of greater significance when practiced by medical students as they going to be medical practitioners in the future. This study was conducted to assess the pattern of SM practices, perceptions, and attitudes among students pursuing 2nd-year professional MBBS in a tertiary medical college in the year 2019.\u0000Methods: This study was a cross-sectional one based on a questionnaire. It was conducted among the 2nd-year undergraduate (MBBS) medical students in a tertiary care medical college in West Bengal, India.\u0000Results: Out of 199 students approached, 198 consented to the study and filled in the supplied study questionnaire. Thirteen incomplete questionnaires were excluded and the remaining 185 were analyzed. It was found that 81.6% (151/185) respondents practiced SM. The most common ailments for seeking SM were fever 66.2% (100/151), followed by cough cold, and sore throat 55.0% (84/151), diarrhea/nausea, and vomiting 40.4% (61/151). The most common drug used for SM was paracetamol 73.51% (111/151), followed by H1 antihistaminics and proton pump inhibitors. A small percentage of students used topical preparations of steroids, analgesics, antibiotics, and antifungals as well. Among the common reasons for seeking SM, 72.2% (109/151) felt that their illness was mild and 57% (86/151) preferred it as they had prior experience.\u0000Conclusion: Our study showed that SM is commonly practiced among the students of this institution. Therefore, medical teachers need to try even more to generate adequate awareness among the students about inherent risks of SM.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：