Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50864
Gompa Mohana, Diksha Preethi, Panchbhai
Objectives: The objectives of the study are (1) to evaluate the demography of herpes simplex keratitis and (2) to determine the incidence of various forms of herpes simplex keratitis. In developing countries, bacterial and fungal keratitis are the most common cause of keratitis. Hence, the epidemiology of herpes simplex keratitis is not well studied. The present study aims to study the epidemiology of herpes simplex keratitis. Methods: It is a prospective study of herpes keratitis patients at a tertiary care center. The study was conducted on 50 patients who presented in the tertiary care center from January 1, 2021, to August 30, 2021. Detailed history, slit-lamp examination, fluorescein staining, corneal sensations, and other needful investigations were carried out. The diagnosis was made clinically. Results: Males (60%) were affected more than females (40%). Most of the patients were between the ages of 30 and 50. The order of most common presentation is epithelial keratitis (60%), stromal keratitis (34%), endotheliitis (4%), and mixed stromal and epithelial keratitis (2%). The majority of the patients had mild visual impairment (60%). Conclusion: Herpes simplex keratitis presented mostly in the 3rd–5th decade. In comparison to females, it is more common among males. The order of presentation observed was epithelial keratitis followed by stromal keratitis followed by endotheliitis followed by mixed stromal and epithelial keratitis. The majority of the patients presented with mild visual impairment.
{"title":"HERPES SIMPLEX KERATITIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: A CLINICAL PRESENTATION","authors":"Gompa Mohana, Diksha Preethi, Panchbhai","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50864","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of the study are (1) to evaluate the demography of herpes simplex keratitis and (2) to determine the incidence of various forms of herpes simplex keratitis. In developing countries, bacterial and fungal keratitis are the most common cause of keratitis. Hence, the epidemiology of herpes simplex keratitis is not well studied. The present study aims to study the epidemiology of herpes simplex keratitis.\u0000Methods: It is a prospective study of herpes keratitis patients at a tertiary care center. The study was conducted on 50 patients who presented in the tertiary care center from January 1, 2021, to August 30, 2021. Detailed history, slit-lamp examination, fluorescein staining, corneal sensations, and other needful investigations were carried out. The diagnosis was made clinically.\u0000Results: Males (60%) were affected more than females (40%). Most of the patients were between the ages of 30 and 50. The order of most common presentation is epithelial keratitis (60%), stromal keratitis (34%), endotheliitis (4%), and mixed stromal and epithelial keratitis (2%). The majority of the patients had mild visual impairment (60%).\u0000Conclusion: Herpes simplex keratitis presented mostly in the 3rd–5th decade. In comparison to females, it is more common among males. The order of presentation observed was epithelial keratitis followed by stromal keratitis followed by endotheliitis followed by mixed stromal and epithelial keratitis. The majority of the patients presented with mild visual impairment.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Key markers of injury processes in acute knee trauma are bone bruises, which are detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images and signal loss on T1-weighted imaging. However, due to its restricted availability and lengthy acquisition times, particularly in emergency situations, MRI is not often employed in knee trauma cases. A viable substitute is dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with virtual non-calcium (VNCa) techniques, which improves bone marrow edema (BME) visibility and allows for greater material distinction. This study uses MRI as the reference standard to assess the diagnostic performance of third-generation DECT and VNCa methods for detecting BME in acute knee injuries. Methods: This prospective observational study involved 40 patients with acute knee trauma who had both MRI and DECT between July 2019 and July 2021 at Kovai Medical Center and Hospital in Coimbatore. Individuals who were pregnant had a history of knee injuries or were above the age of 18 were eliminated, as were those who had an MRI or CT contraindication. Siemens Healthcare’s Somatom Force, a third-generation 192-slice dual-source CT scanner, was used for DECT imaging, while Philips Ingenia 1.5T was used for MRI. Image analysis used SPSS version 27.0 for statistical analysis to determine whether BME was present in MRI and DECT images. Results: The study participants had a mean age of 47±16 years, predominantly male (72.5%). DECT demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.15% and a specificity of 96.70% for detecting BME compared to MRI. The diagnostic accuracy was notably high in the lateral femoral condyle (sensitivity and specificity of 93.33%) and the lateral tibial condyle (sensitivity and specificity of 86.36%). Overall, DECT identified 59 out of 69 MRI-positive regions, reflecting its robustness in detecting true positives and true negatives in acute trauma settings. Conclusion: Third-generation DECT with VNCa techniques is a highly effective imaging modality for detecting edema of the bone marrow in acute knee trauma, offering high diagnostic accuracy comparable to MRI. It is ability to provide clear visual differentiation and rapid acquisition makes it a valuable alternative, particularly in emergency settings where MRI is unavailable or contraindicated. DECT’s shorter reconstruction time and high reliability can optimize workflow and improve patient outcomes, underscoring its potential role in early diagnosis and management of knee trauma.
{"title":"ROLE OF DUAL-ENERGY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN THE EMERGENCY DIAGNOSIS OF KNEE BONE MARROW EDEMA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING","authors":"Geethanjali Sundaram, Seetharaman Cannane, Tapas Kumar Sahu, Jeevithan Shanmugam, Pankaj Mehta","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51942","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Key markers of injury processes in acute knee trauma are bone bruises, which are detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images and signal loss on T1-weighted imaging. However, due to its restricted availability and lengthy acquisition times, particularly in emergency situations, MRI is not often employed in knee trauma cases. A viable substitute is dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with virtual non-calcium (VNCa) techniques, which improves bone marrow edema (BME) visibility and allows for greater material distinction. This study uses MRI as the reference standard to assess the diagnostic performance of third-generation DECT and VNCa methods for detecting BME in acute knee injuries.\u0000 Methods: This prospective observational study involved 40 patients with acute knee trauma who had both MRI and DECT between July 2019 and July 2021 at Kovai Medical Center and Hospital in Coimbatore. Individuals who were pregnant had a history of knee injuries or were above the age of 18 were eliminated, as were those who had an MRI or CT contraindication. Siemens Healthcare’s Somatom Force, a third-generation 192-slice dual-source CT scanner, was used for DECT imaging, while Philips Ingenia 1.5T was used for MRI. Image analysis used SPSS version 27.0 for statistical analysis to determine whether BME was present in MRI and DECT images.\u0000Results: The study participants had a mean age of 47±16 years, predominantly male (72.5%). DECT demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.15% and a specificity of 96.70% for detecting BME compared to MRI. The diagnostic accuracy was notably high in the lateral femoral condyle (sensitivity and specificity of 93.33%) and the lateral tibial condyle (sensitivity and specificity of 86.36%). Overall, DECT identified 59 out of 69 MRI-positive regions, reflecting its robustness in detecting true positives and true negatives in acute trauma settings.\u0000Conclusion: Third-generation DECT with VNCa techniques is a highly effective imaging modality for detecting edema of the bone marrow in acute knee trauma, offering high diagnostic accuracy comparable to MRI. It is ability to provide clear visual differentiation and rapid acquisition makes it a valuable alternative, particularly in emergency settings where MRI is unavailable or contraindicated. DECT’s shorter reconstruction time and high reliability can optimize workflow and improve patient outcomes, underscoring its potential role in early diagnosis and management of knee trauma.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: This study was conducted to show the variation in total protein content of therapeutic immunoglobulin batches after the addition of free amino acids. Methods: A total of 10 different batches of therapeutic human normal immunoglobulin from five different manufacturers were taken. The total protein content in these samples was determined by both Kjeldahl and Biuret methods. The total protein in these samples was also determined by both methods after the addition of 0.3 M glycine, 0.3 M arginine, and 0.3 M histidine separately. Results: In neat samples, both methods quantified similar total protein content. However, both methods showed different protein contents where amino acids such as glycine, arginine, or histidine have been added. The total protein content by the Kjeldahl method in the samples added with glycine, arginine, or histidine was found higher as compared to the Biuret method. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the manufacturers of therapeutic immunoglobulin should replace amino acid stabilizers with nonnitrogenous stabilizer because the Kjeldahl method recommended in various pharmacopeias is based on the detection of total nitrogen. Therefore, the addition of any nitrogenous stabilizer will be quantified as protein and results may be out of specification when minimum and maximum limits are prescribed in the pharmacopeia.
研究目的本研究旨在显示添加游离氨基酸后各批次治疗用免疫球蛋白总蛋白含量的变化：方法：从 5 家不同的生产商共抽取了 10 个不同批次的治疗用人用正常免疫球蛋白。采用凯氏定氮法和比氏定氮法测定这些样品中的总蛋白质含量。在分别加入 0.3 M 甘氨酸、0.3 M 精氨酸和 0.3 M 组氨酸后，也用这两种方法测定了这些样品中的总蛋白含量：结果：在纯净样品中，两种方法测定的总蛋白质含量相似。结果：在纯样品中，两种方法定量的蛋白质总含量相似，但在添加甘氨酸、精氨酸或组氨酸等氨基酸后，两种方法显示的蛋白质含量不同。凯氏定氮法测定的添加了甘氨酸、精氨酸或组氨酸的样品中的总蛋白质含量高于毕氏定氮法：我们的研究表明，治疗用免疫球蛋白生产商应该用非含氮稳定剂取代氨基酸稳定剂，因为各种药典推荐的凯氏定氮法都是以检测总氮为基础的。因此，添加任何含氮稳定剂都会被定量为蛋白质，结果可能与药典规定的最低和最高限值不符。
{"title":"EFFECT OF AMINO ACID ADDITION AS STABILIZERS ON TOTAL PROTEIN CONTENT OF INTRAVENOUS THERAPEUTIC HUMAN NORMAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN","authors":"Manoj Kumar, Pratap Singh, Aprajita Singh, Tara Chand, Anoop Kumar, Meena Kumari","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50708","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study was conducted to show the variation in total protein content of therapeutic immunoglobulin batches after the addition of free amino acids.\u0000Methods: A total of 10 different batches of therapeutic human normal immunoglobulin from five different manufacturers were taken. The total protein content in these samples was determined by both Kjeldahl and Biuret methods. The total protein in these samples was also determined by both methods after the addition of 0.3 M glycine, 0.3 M arginine, and 0.3 M histidine separately.\u0000Results: In neat samples, both methods quantified similar total protein content. However, both methods showed different protein contents where amino acids such as glycine, arginine, or histidine have been added. The total protein content by the Kjeldahl method in the samples added with glycine, arginine, or histidine was found higher as compared to the Biuret method.\u0000Conclusion: Our study suggests that the manufacturers of therapeutic immunoglobulin should replace amino acid stabilizers with nonnitrogenous stabilizer because the Kjeldahl method recommended in various pharmacopeias is based on the detection of total nitrogen. Therefore, the addition of any nitrogenous stabilizer will be quantified as protein and results may be out of specification when minimum and maximum limits are prescribed in the pharmacopeia.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has an important role in the treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of mammography in response assessment of NACT in patients with LABC and its correlation with histopathological reports. Methods: Eighty patients with LABC underwent clinical examination and mammography at first. Then, after receiving three cycles of NACT, mammography and clinical examination were done again to evaluate the response to NACT. Patients with at least a partial response underwent radical surgery. Then, we correlate the findings of histopathological reports with that of post-NACT mammography findings. Results: After three cycles of NACT, mammography detected complete response (CR) in 20% (n=28) patients and partial response (PR) in 70% (n=48) patients. Clinical examination overestimated the CR to be 45% and underestimated PR to be 50%. Histopathological examination (HPE) showed complete pathological response in 25 specimens and in rest 51 cases HPE revealed residual tumor. Mammography overestimated the pathological complete response by 4% (three patients). Conclusion: It can be said that mammography can be used as an effective imaging tool for response assessment after NACT, especially in resource-limited setups.
目的：新辅助化疗（NACT）在局部晚期乳腺癌（LABC）的治疗中发挥着重要作用。在这项研究中，我们分析了乳腺X光检查在评估LABC患者对新辅助化疗反应中的有效性及其与组织病理学报告的相关性：方法：80 名 LABC 患者首先接受临床检查和乳腺 X 光检查。然后，在接受三个周期的 NACT 治疗后，再次进行乳房 X 光检查和临床检查，以评估对 NACT 的反应。至少有部分反应的患者接受根治手术。然后，我们将组织病理学报告结果与NACT后的乳腺X光检查结果进行对比：结果：经过三个周期的 NACT 治疗后，20%（28 例）的患者通过乳腺 X 射线检查发现了完全反应（CR），70%（48 例）的患者通过乳腺 X 射线检查发现了部分反应（PR）。临床检查高估了 45% 的 CR，低估了 50% 的 PR。组织病理学检查（HPE）显示，25 例标本的病理反应为完全反应，其余 51 例标本的病理反应为肿瘤残留。乳腺 X 线照相术高估了 4% 的病理完全反应（3 例患者）：可以说，乳腺X光检查可作为一种有效的成像工具，用于NACT术后反应评估，尤其是在资源有限的情况下。
{"title":"ROLE OF MAMMOGRAPHY IN RESPONSE ASSESSMENT FOLLOWING NEO-ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN LOCALLY ADVANCED BREAST CARCINOMA: EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER","authors":"Bidyut Biswas, MD Asif Ali, Shatanik Mondal, Linkon Biswas","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51012","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has an important role in the treatment of locally advanced breast carcinoma (LABC). In this study, we analyzed the efficacy of mammography in response assessment of NACT in patients with LABC and its correlation with histopathological reports.\u0000Methods: Eighty patients with LABC underwent clinical examination and mammography at first. Then, after receiving three cycles of NACT, mammography and clinical examination were done again to evaluate the response to NACT. Patients with at least a partial response underwent radical surgery. Then, we correlate the findings of histopathological reports with that of post-NACT mammography findings.\u0000Results: After three cycles of NACT, mammography detected complete response (CR) in 20% (n=28) patients and partial response (PR) in 70% (n=48) patients. Clinical examination overestimated the CR to be 45% and underestimated PR to be 50%. Histopathological examination (HPE) showed complete pathological response in 25 specimens and in rest 51 cases HPE revealed residual tumor. Mammography overestimated the pathological complete response by 4% (three patients).\u0000Conclusion: It can be said that mammography can be used as an effective imaging tool for response assessment after NACT, especially in resource-limited setups.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51039
Rhea Vinod Nair, K. S
Drug discovery remains a complex and time-consuming process, often hindered by inefficiencies and high failure rates. Biomarkers, measurable indicators of biological processes, have emerged as powerful tools to revolutionize this landscape. This article explores the multifaceted role of biomarkers throughout the drug discovery, from target identification and drug development to clinical trials and patient stratification. We highlight how biomarkers enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms, facilitate the selection of promising drug candidates, and enable objective assessment of drug efficacy and safety. Furthermore, the integration of biomarkers with companion diagnostics allows for personalized medicine approaches, tailoring treatment options to individual patient needs. We discuss the various types of biomarkers employed in drug discovery, including genomic, proteomic, and imaging biomarkers, while acknowledging the challenges associated with their validation and regulatory approval. In conclusion, the strategic utilization of biomarkers holds immense potential to streamline drug discovery, accelerate development timelines, and ultimately bring safer and more effective therapies to patients.
{"title":"REVOLUTIONIZING DRUG DISCOVERY: UTILIZING BIOMARKERS FOR PRECISION MEDICINE AND TARGETED THERAPIES","authors":"Rhea Vinod Nair, K. S","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51039","url":null,"abstract":"Drug discovery remains a complex and time-consuming process, often hindered by inefficiencies and high failure rates. Biomarkers, measurable indicators of biological processes, have emerged as powerful tools to revolutionize this landscape. This article explores the multifaceted role of biomarkers throughout the drug discovery, from target identification and drug development to clinical trials and patient stratification. We highlight how biomarkers enhance our understanding of disease mechanisms, facilitate the selection of promising drug candidates, and enable objective assessment of drug efficacy and safety. Furthermore, the integration of biomarkers with companion diagnostics allows for personalized medicine approaches, tailoring treatment options to individual patient needs. We discuss the various types of biomarkers employed in drug discovery, including genomic, proteomic, and imaging biomarkers, while acknowledging the challenges associated with their validation and regulatory approval. In conclusion, the strategic utilization of biomarkers holds immense potential to streamline drug discovery, accelerate development timelines, and ultimately bring safer and more effective therapies to patients.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50787
Ruchika Tripathi, Uday Prabhakar, Rajaram Yadav
Objectives: Acne vulgaris affects a large majority of adolescents, often extending into adulthood. The aim of the study was to determine its impact on the quality of life (QoL). Methods: This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study, conducted on 60 patients, who attended the dermatology outpatient department and were diagnosed with acne vulgaris by the physician. The severity of lesions was assessed using the global acne grading system, and QoL was assessed using the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done to assess any possible association between DLQI with severity and sequelae of acne vulgaris. Results: The mean DLQI score was 5.46. There was a significant association between DLQI and severity of acne grade (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant impact of acne on QoL, and hence, a holistic approach is required to treat it.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF ACNE VULGARIS ON QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG RURAL PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"Ruchika Tripathi, Uday Prabhakar, Rajaram Yadav","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50787","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Acne vulgaris affects a large majority of adolescents, often extending into adulthood. The aim of the study was to determine its impact on the quality of life (QoL).\u0000Methods: This was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study, conducted on 60 patients, who attended the dermatology outpatient department and were diagnosed with acne vulgaris by the physician. The severity of lesions was assessed using the global acne grading system, and QoL was assessed using the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done to assess any possible association between DLQI with severity and sequelae of acne vulgaris.\u0000Results: The mean DLQI score was 5.46. There was a significant association between DLQI and severity of acne grade (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: There is a significant impact of acne on QoL, and hence, a holistic approach is required to treat it.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50922
Dr. Nayan Gavli, Jeenal Mistry, Anita Sinha, B. Divakar, Parul Vadgama
Objectives: Overall goal: To observe and compare the effect of antitubercular and antidiabetic therapy on patients of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus as comorbidity. To study the effect of antidiabetic therapy on treatment outcome of tuberculosis. To study the effect of antitubercular drugs on glycemic control of patients of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus Methods: A total of 134 patients of tuberculosis with and without diabetes mellitus were approached for enrollment in this prospective observational cohort study as per NTEP guidelines. Effects of antitubercular therapy on antidiabetes drugs and vice versa during this study were observed and noted. A comparison of outcomes between two groups of patients of tuberculosis with diabetes and tuberculosis without diabetes was done according to outcome parameters. Results: Mortality was found in patients on ATT+ADD nearly 11.94% (n=8) as compared to patients on ATT only 2.98% (n=2). Delayed sputum conversion with higher sputum positive rate (1+) among patients on ATT+ADD (23.89%) and mean HbA1c value at the end of the continuous phase (CP) was 6.7±1.07 among patients on ATT+ADD. Conclusion: The patients on ATT+ADD have higher sputum positivity rates and poor treatment outcomes as compared to patients on ATT alone. Poor glycemic control in patients receiving ATT+ADD unfavorably leads to poor compliance with antitubercular therapy.
{"title":"AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE OUTCOME OF ANTITUBERCULAR AND ANTIDIABETIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF TUBERCULOSIS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AS COMORBIDITY","authors":"Dr. Nayan Gavli, Jeenal Mistry, Anita Sinha, B. Divakar, Parul Vadgama","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50922","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Overall goal: To observe and compare the effect of antitubercular and antidiabetic therapy on patients of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus as comorbidity. To study the effect of antidiabetic therapy on treatment outcome of tuberculosis. To study the effect of antitubercular drugs on glycemic control of patients of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus\u0000Methods: A total of 134 patients of tuberculosis with and without diabetes mellitus were approached for enrollment in this prospective observational cohort study as per NTEP guidelines. Effects of antitubercular therapy on antidiabetes drugs and vice versa during this study were observed and noted. A comparison of outcomes between two groups of patients of tuberculosis with diabetes and tuberculosis without diabetes was done according to outcome parameters.\u0000Results: Mortality was found in patients on ATT+ADD nearly 11.94% (n=8) as compared to patients on ATT only 2.98% (n=2). Delayed sputum conversion with higher sputum positive rate (1+) among patients on ATT+ADD (23.89%) and mean HbA1c value at the end of the continuous phase (CP) was 6.7±1.07 among patients on ATT+ADD.\u0000Conclusion: The patients on ATT+ADD have higher sputum positivity rates and poor treatment outcomes as compared to patients on ATT alone. Poor glycemic control in patients receiving ATT+ADD unfavorably leads to poor compliance with antitubercular therapy.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50836
Uday Prabhakar, Ruchika Tripathi, Rajaram Yadav
Objective: The objective was to study the clinical profile, prognostic factors, and outcomes of heat stroke in a rural population. Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study. A total of 20 consecutive patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heat stroke were included in the study over a period of 2 months from May 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023. The baseline clinical and laboratory parameters were then studied and compared between the subjects that survived and those that did not. Results: The mean age of patients was 58.8 years (standard deviation [SD]=10.4), and the mean body temperature on admission was 104.5°F (SD=0.910). Eighty percent of patients had non-exertional cause of heat stroke, whereas 20% had an exertional cause. The overall survival rate among hospitalized patients was 40%. In the multivariate analysis, serum creatinine, serum urea, serum sodium, and saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) at admission independently predicted mortality. Age, sex, body temperature, systolic blood pressure, blood sugar level, and platelet count at admission were not associated with mortality. Conclusion: Heat stroke has a high hospital mortality rate. Serum sodium, serum creatinine, serum urea, and SpO2 at presentation are independent predictors of hospital mortality. Body temperature is not associated with mortality.
{"title":"THE ASSESSMENT OF CLINICAL PROFILE AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS AMONG PATIENTS OF HEAT STROKE IN A RURAL POPULATION: A CASE SERIES","authors":"Uday Prabhakar, Ruchika Tripathi, Rajaram Yadav","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50836","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective was to study the clinical profile, prognostic factors, and outcomes of heat stroke in a rural population.\u0000Methods: This was a prospective, single-center, observational study. A total of 20 consecutive patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of heat stroke were included in the study over a period of 2 months from May 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023. The baseline clinical and laboratory parameters were then studied and compared between the subjects that survived and those that did not.\u0000Results: The mean age of patients was 58.8 years (standard deviation [SD]=10.4), and the mean body temperature on admission was 104.5°F (SD=0.910). Eighty percent of patients had non-exertional cause of heat stroke, whereas 20% had an exertional cause. The overall survival rate among hospitalized patients was 40%. In the multivariate analysis, serum creatinine, serum urea, serum sodium, and saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) at admission independently predicted mortality. Age, sex, body temperature, systolic blood pressure, blood sugar level, and platelet count at admission were not associated with mortality.\u0000Conclusion: Heat stroke has a high hospital mortality rate. Serum sodium, serum creatinine, serum urea, and SpO2 at presentation are independent predictors of hospital mortality. Body temperature is not associated with mortality.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50807
Inderpreet Kaur, Purnima Jindal, R. Ahi, Jaswant Kaur
Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an associated conditions that together rise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study’s hypothesis was to assess the prevalence of the Mets and its associated factors among the North Indian population. Methods: The prevalence of the MetS was estimated to be two hundred patients who visited the hospital of Guru Nanak Dev, Sri Amritsar. Following variables such as body mass index, waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were done. Results: The prospective observational study revealed that the prevalence of the MetS was higher in women than men, based on the International Diabetes Federation definition (female-55% and male-45%). MetS was more prevalent in the study of patients with age >60 years. A strong association was found between the above parameters (p<0.05) with the Mets. Conclusion: Amid the Mets driving the twin global pandemic of CVD and T2DM. There is a medical and economic imperative to identify those individuals with the Mets, so that interventions and treatment may prevent T2DM with CVD.
{"title":"TO COMPARE THE METABOLIC SYNDROME AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS WITH THE NORMAL HEALTHY POPULATION","authors":"Inderpreet Kaur, Purnima Jindal, R. Ahi, Jaswant Kaur","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.50807","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an associated conditions that together rise the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study’s hypothesis was to assess the prevalence of the Mets and its associated factors among the North Indian population.\u0000Methods: The prevalence of the MetS was estimated to be two hundred patients who visited the hospital of Guru Nanak Dev, Sri Amritsar. Following variables such as body mass index, waist circumference, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose were done.\u0000Results: The prospective observational study revealed that the prevalence of the MetS was higher in women than men, based on the International Diabetes Federation definition (female-55% and male-45%). MetS was more prevalent in the study of patients with age >60 years. A strong association was found between the above parameters (p<0.05) with the Mets.\u0000Conclusion: Amid the Mets driving the twin global pandemic of CVD and T2DM. There is a medical and economic imperative to identify those individuals with the Mets, so that interventions and treatment may prevent T2DM with CVD.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141671695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51169
M. Hassan, R. Al-yasiry, A. M. K. AL-TUMA, Zainab Hayder Jaber Alkufaishi
Objective: About 10-15% of sub-fertility cases facing the clinicians in the reproductive clinics remains unexplained. Opinions regarding the optimal treatment plan for them exhibit a wide differences among fertility specialists. This study aims to assess the outcome of ICSI and predictors success in couples with unexplained sub-fertility. Methods: Sixty six sub-fertile couples with unexplained infertility were included. ICSI was done for all. They divided into 2 groups pregnant and non-pregnant. They were followed up retrospectively to evaluate the predictors of ICSI treatment success and results were compared between them. Results: Chemical pregnancy was rate 42.2%. Pregnant females were significantly : younger with a mean age of 26.7±4.2 vs 28.6±3.6, lower BMI of 27.6± 4.9 vs 30.2± 4.9, lower cycle day 2 LH level 2.3 ±0.99 vs 2.9±0.94 and had a slightly thinner endometirum 3.3± 0.68 vs 3.9 ±1.1 than non-pregnant ones. Females of both groups exhibited no significant difference regarding the response to controlled ovarian stimulation, the mean total number of retrieved and mature oocytes were comparable, the only exception is the mean total number of immature oocytes which was significantly lower in the pregnant females 0.85± 1.1 vs 30.2± 4.9 in non-pregnant with no significant difference regarding fertilization rate, total number of embryos, cleavage rate and embryos’ quality. Conclusion: Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection has the ability, within certain limits, to bypass the obstacles of natural pregnancy failure in couples with unexplained sub-fertility and should be considered for those couples as early as possible before female partner get older.
{"title":"PREDICTORS OF INTRA CYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION SUCCESS IN COUPLES WITH UNEXPLAINED SUB-FERTILITY","authors":"M. Hassan, R. Al-yasiry, A. M. K. AL-TUMA, Zainab Hayder Jaber Alkufaishi","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024v17i7.51169","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: About 10-15% of sub-fertility cases facing the clinicians in the reproductive clinics remains unexplained. Opinions regarding the optimal treatment plan for them exhibit a wide differences among fertility specialists. This study aims to assess the outcome of ICSI and predictors success in couples with unexplained sub-fertility.\u0000Methods: Sixty six sub-fertile couples with unexplained infertility were included. ICSI was done for all. They divided into 2 groups pregnant and non-pregnant. They were followed up retrospectively to evaluate the predictors of ICSI treatment success and results were compared between them.\u0000Results: Chemical pregnancy was rate 42.2%. Pregnant females were significantly : younger with a mean age of 26.7±4.2 vs 28.6±3.6, lower BMI of 27.6± 4.9 vs 30.2± 4.9, lower cycle day 2 LH level 2.3 ±0.99 vs 2.9±0.94 and had a slightly thinner endometirum 3.3± 0.68 vs 3.9 ±1.1 than non-pregnant ones. Females of both groups exhibited no significant difference regarding the response to controlled ovarian stimulation, the mean total number of retrieved and mature oocytes were comparable, the only exception is the mean total number of immature oocytes which was significantly lower in the pregnant females 0.85± 1.1 vs 30.2± 4.9 in non-pregnant with no significant difference regarding fertilization rate, total number of embryos, cleavage rate and embryos’ quality.\u0000Conclusion: Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection has the ability, within certain limits, to bypass the obstacles of natural pregnancy failure in couples with unexplained sub-fertility and should be considered for those couples as early as possible before female partner get older.","PeriodicalId":8528,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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