Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Protective Roles of Aqueous Seed Extract of Sour-Sop (Annona muricata) in Cerebellum Following Cadmium-induced Neurotoxicity of Adult Wistar Rats","authors":"Fakunle P. B., Ehiremen Samuel, Odubela Kayode, B. Kehinde","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1243","url":null,"abstract":"Cadmium, a deleterious heavy metal that pervades the environment, has the potential to accumulate in the body and cause health complications. In the domain of traditional medicine, medicinal plants have been employed to combat the toxicity of heavy metals and treating of many diseases in traditional medicine. \u0000Aim: To access the protective impact of Annona muricata seed extract on cadmium-triggered neurotoxicity in the cerebellum of albino wistarrat. \u0000Place of Study: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State between June 2022 and June 2023 \u0000METHODOLOGY: After a period of 14 days of acclimatization, 40 healthy male wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups, group1(2ml/kg of distilled water), group2 cadmium only(2g/kg SC), group3 (2g/kg cadmium + 100mg/kg extract of Annona muricata) and group4(2g/kg cadmium + 200mg/kg extract of Annona muricata) The rats were subjected to cadmium subcutaneously followed by the oral administration of aqueous seed extract of Annona Muricata for fifteen consecutive days. \u0000Results: The impact of the extract on antioxidant enzymes activities of the cerebellum, cerebellar weight, as well as the histology of the cerebellum were scrutinized. The data revealed that the aqueous seed extract of Annona muricata, in a dose-dependent manner, augmented the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P=0.005) and catalase (CAT) (P=0.027) in contrast to the cadmium-only group. The relative weight of the cerebellum exhibited a significant increasein the treated groups compared to the cadmium-only group. \u0000The histology of the cerebellum delineated pathological changes arising from the exposure to cadmium, while Annona muricata brought about regenerative changes. \u0000Conclusion:  In summary, the study posits that owing to the presence of phytochemicals in Annona muricata aqueous seed extract, it was efficacious in mitigating the neurotoxicity induced by cadmium in the cerebellum of male rats.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"92 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139440177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Birth Weight and Third-trimester Maternal Vitamins A, C, and E Levels","authors":"G. Joseph, O. T. Oyediran, Rashidat Abidemi Oladiti, A. Iyanda","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1242","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Deficiencies of micronutrients (especially vitamins C, A, and E) during intra-uterine life have been linked with the possibility of increased risk of some diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes) in adulthood. \u0000Aims: Therefore, it becomes expedient that persistent and vigorous attention be paid to maternal vitamin status during gestation. \u0000Methodology: This is a cross-sectional comparative study carried out at maternity centres in Osogbo Local Government. Forty women who were at least 29 weeks of gestation and 40 apparently healthy women, age-matched, non-pregnant constituted the test and control groups respectively. Blood was obtained through an ante-cubital vein, centrifuged and used for vitamin estimations (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). Birth weight and neonatal mortality ratio were the birth outcomes that were obtained. Data analysis was by Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. P≤0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Results: Serum status of vitamins A (2.68±3.88 µg/dL); C (0.95±0.44 mg/dL); and E (0.67±0.04 mg/dL) were significantly lower at third trimester compared with the corresponding values of 6.98±1.26 µg/dL; 2.99±0.11 mg/dL; and 1.66±0.08 mg/dL among non-pregnant control. There were significant adverse pregnancy outcomes as signified by 10% stillbirths. In addition, low birth weight (1.5-2.4 kg) was observed among approximately 50% of the babies but no correlation was observed except between vitamins C and E. \u0000Conclusions: The results of this study revealed that among Nigerian pregnant women, there are risks of abnormal birth outcomes and low levels of vitamin A, C, and E. Aside depletions in vitamin C and E, the results of the study (r= .376; p= .020) suggest possible metabolic interaction between both.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Stability and TLC Fingerprinting of the Artemether Component in Artemether-Lumefantrine Combination Suspension Formulations Available in Nigeria Pharmaceutical Market","authors":"B. Ebeshi, Samuel J. Bunu, Chika L. Egemba, Edebi N Vaikosen, A. Kashimawo","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4241","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Artemether is the main component of the artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), used in the management of malaria infection caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Hence, its stability and conformation to pharmacopeia standards are necessary for use. The study aimed to review the first-order derivative spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of artemether and its derivatives in pure and combined formulations, and their stability profiles, then develop a simple, precise, and fast technique for their rapid physicochemical analysis. Methodology: Thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) Fingerprinting principles were used in the analysis. Artemether and its derivatives were spotted on the TLC chromatograms after adding 25 mL of the suspension to a mixture of 100 mL of distilled water and 4 mL of NaOH, extracting the mixture with 60 mL of dichloromethane (DCM), drying, and sonicating the residue with 20 mL of the solvent. It was centrifuged, and the clear supernatant was spotted on the TLC plates. Results: The color test results revealed the presence of the artemether compound in the reference standard as well as the six brands of suspensions (A, B, C, D, E, and F) utilized in the study. Artemether melting point was obtained between 86 - 89 °C; within the International Pharmacopeia specified range. The chromatograms of Artemether and derivatives showed Rf values of 0.25 (impurity A), 0.3 (artenimol impurity B), 0.35 (impurity C), 0.4 (α-artemether: impurity D), and 0.55 (artemether). Conclusion: The devised method can be applied to the routine quality control analysis of artemether-lumefantrine suspension in addition to existing analytical techniques.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Medication Complexity in the Elderly: A Critical Assessment of Adherence Implications","authors":"Pavan Kumar Yanamadala, Nandini Palivela, Aleena Roy, Hemalatha Yarra, Jessi Peruri, Rupa Lavanya Gogulamanda, Priyanka Kandregula, Minisha Nalli","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4240","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic illnesses often affect grown-ups over 60 years of age, leading to inadequate and impecunious medication adherence, which increases the risk of bleakness, hospitalization, and mortality, despite the irrefutably factual benefits of certain medications.\u0000Aim and Objectives: To appraise the degree of drug intricacy in older patients with chronic diseases and to break down the factors impacting drug adherence among them.\u0000Methodology: A 10-month study involving 676 patients was carried out at the general medicine department of a tertiary hospital. Information was gathered for the study using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) and the Medicine Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI).\u0000Results: A sample size of 676 on the whole, with 393 male patients surmounting 283 female patients. The level of intricacy was higher for the larger part of prescriptions. On the off chance that around 645 patients were prescribed more than 5 drugs. The greater part of the populace has shown good adherence (59%), trailed by moderate adherence (23%), and ultimately low adherence (18%). The intricacy of the prescription was recognized as the essential driver of non-adherence in 314 patients, and upon analyzing the responses from MRCI and MMAS scores, it was found that 156 patients on less complicated regimens exhibited moderate and 399 patients had great adherence among the total populace.\u0000Conclusion: To further develop drug adherence in more seasoned adults, doctors ought to consider medicine class numbers, high-risk prescriptions, and multi-layered systems, including age-related, natural, and social variables.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"88 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139005599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute and Sub-chronic Toxicity Evaluation of the Ethanolic Extract of Coula edulis B., (Olacaceae) Stem Bark","authors":"Eric Beyegue, J. Youovop, G. R. Takuissu, Nadine Essola Ndoue, Florine Essouman Mbappe, Ferdinand Edou, B. Azantsa, J. Ngondi, J. Oben","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4239","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Coula edulis Baill., (Olacaceae) is a non-lignified forest product not well known and widely used in sub-Saharan Africa as a phytomedicine or food additive. However, the toxicity of this plant remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety of the ethanolic extract of C. edulis stem bark (CEE). \u0000Study Design:  Pharmacological study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaounde 1 (Cameroon), between June 2018 and July 2022. \u0000Methodology: Studies on the assessment of acute and subchronic toxicity were carried out by guidelines 423 of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Subacute toxicity of the sample was assessed over 28 days using repeated doses by OECD Guideline 407. \u0000Results: No cases of death and clinical signs of toxicity were observed in the treated rats, suggesting that the LD50 of C. edulis ethanolic extract is greater than 2000 mg/kg bw. Regarding the subacute toxicity study, the administration of CEE also did not result in any changes in the course of body weight. Only a significant decrease in the relative weight of the ovaries in females at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg was observed. In males and females, CEE did not affect lipid profile markers or transaminase levels (AST, ALT). In addition, a small but non-significant (p> 0.05) increase in creatinine was observed without kidney dysfunction. In males, CEE induced an increase in mean corpuscular volume number at 600 mg/kg, while at the same time, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration decreased at the 300 mg/kg dose. In females, a significant increase in the number of monocytes, red blood cells, and hemoglobin level were observed. No difference in the levels of urea, glucose, and lipid markers was observed nor histological changes in the organs studied. \u0000Conclusion: As would be expected, exposure to CEE did not cause significant toxic effects in treated rats. Therefore, this plant extract can be safely recommended for therapeutic use.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"125 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138599230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Regimen for Acute Viral Rhinitis in Patients with a History of Rhinitis Medicamentosa","authors":"Denis Mak Chi","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4237","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this research is to study the efficacy of intranasal administration of 0.9% saline solution in patients with acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa. Materials and Methods: The study included 96 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa. All patients were equally randomized to two groups. In both groups, patients were treated according to the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps with nasal decongestants (oxymetazoline), but in Group 2, the treatment regimen was supplemented with topical use of 0.9% saline solution. Local TNF-α and IL-1β levels were determined in all patients on Days 1, 5, and 10. In addition, on the next day after oxymetazoline withdrawal, a Nasal airway resistance was measured in all patients using active posterior rhinomanometry. Results: The duration of rhinorrhea and nasal congestion and, respectively, the duration of oxymetazoline administration significantly differed between the groups (p<0.001) and was 7.9±1.1 days for Group 1 and 4.7±0.9 days for Group 2. In general, the dynamics of changes in local TNF-α and IL-1β levels in both groups was similar. Throughout the study, there was a progressive decrease in both inflammatory mediators, with faster changes occurring in Group 2. A strong positive correlation (rs=0.89; p<0.001) between TNF-α and IL-1β levels was established. According to the results of active posterior rhinomanometry on the day following oxymetazoline withdrawal, Nasal airway resistance was significantly higher in Group 1 (p<0.001), which indicates the presence of difficulty breathing in patients of this group. In addition, patient examination showed that manifestations of Rhinitis medicamentosa occurred in 3 (6.25%) patients of Group 1 and in 17 (35.42%) patients of Group 2. Differences between the groups were significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of topical nasal decongestants, in particular oxymetazoline, in patients with acute viral rhinitis and a history of Rhinitis medicamentosa for more than 7 days has a potential risk of development of a recurrence of Rhinitis medicamentosa. Supplementing the treatment regimen for acute viral rhinitis with the topical use of 0.9% saline solution reduces the duration of treatment and the use of topical decongestants, and therefore prevents the recurrence of Rhinitis medicamentosa.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Potential of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Cola lateritia Fruit Parts","authors":"F. E. Ebouel, Kevin Fabrice Paul Mandeng, Evrard Medjo Kouopestchop, Joelle Ornella Tseno Tchuenkam, Foura Woumdi, Françoise Ntentie, Ann-Mary Mbong, Mélanie Ngondam, Jean Marie Gabriel Medoua","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4238","url":null,"abstract":"Generalities: Cola lateritia (C. lateritia) is an under-valorized (neglected and unutilized) plant traditionally used in certain Cameroonian villages as medicine to manage certain diseases. The present work aimed to assess the phytochemical composition and the antioxidant potential of different parts of C. lateritia fruits. Methods: The fresh fruits of C. lateritia were purchased in October 2022 at Mfoundi-Market (Yaoundé 5, Centre Region of Cameroon), washed, sliced, dried, and powdered before being extracted with distilled water for the aqueous extract (AE) and ethanol/distilled water (70:30, v/v) for the hydro ethanolic extract (HEE). The bioactive compounds (polyphenols, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids) of the different extracts of fruit were quantified using standard methods. The Antioxidant potential of the different extracts was assessed using various methods [scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP)]. Results: The results indicated that the different extracts of C. lateritia fruit contain phytochemicals [polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids]. The AE of the skin (AE-sCLf) presented the highest contents (590.33 µg CaE/g DM, 191.73 µg QE/g DM and 945.33 µg  SaE/g DM) for polyphenols, flavonoids and saponins respectively while, the AE of pulp  (AE-PCLf) showed the highest content in alkaloids (121.59 µg QiE/g DM). The lowest tannin content was also reported in the AE of pulp (2.02 µg CaE/g DM). The extracts of C. lateritia exhibited a good radical scavenging activity of DPPH (with an inhibition percentage of 74.084 and 69.40% respectively for HEE-SCLf and AE-sCLf at 4 mg/mL). It’s reducing power towards molybdate and iron was concentration-dependent with values ranging from 0.116 to 2.393 μg AAE/g DM for TAC and from 0.0015 to 0.0032 μg AAE/g DM for FRAP, respectively. The highest iron-reducing activity of 941.410 µg AAE/g DM was observed with AE-sCLf at 4 mg/mL. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a strong positive correlation between Bioactive and antioxidant activities. Conclusion: The C. lateritia fruit extracts (AE and HEE) contain various bioactive compounds, which exhibit good antioxidant activities through different mechanisms. It suggests C. lateritia as a potential nutritious food as well as functional food useful for the prevention of management of cardiometabolic diseases.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139263949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of Salmonella enterica &amp; Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Development on Glass Tube by Plant Extracts","authors":"Md. Sultan Mahmud, Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Md. Nazmul Islam, Sadia Islam, Sajib Kumar Saha, Md. Taijul Islam, Anny Khatun, Silva Adhikari","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4236","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study is to evaluate anti-biofilm effect of the water soluble plant extracts such Coccinia grandis, Terminalia arjuna, Centella asiatica against Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Crude water soluble extracts of respective plants with different concentration was evaluated against biofilm adopting glass tube. Then washed with crystal violet dye and PBS buffer for observing the ring formation. Biofilm inhibition study revealed water soluble plant extracts inhibited biofilm formation. In our experiment we found that the plant extracts Coccinia grandis, Terminalia arjuna &amp; Centella asiatica gave excellent result for the reduction of biofilm of Salmonella enteric &amp; Staphylococcus aureus. Water soluble Coccinia grandis extract is very effective for biofilm reduction than alcoholic C. grandis extracts. We measured the antiplantonic effect of these extracts by including the extracts into the nutrient agar media that containing respective organism by creating the hole into the plate then observed the result after 24-hour incubation. We also measured minimum inhibition concentration of these extracts through spectrophotometer with the help of the nutrient broth media. Bacterial motality was tested in petri plates with semi-solid medium (LB+0.4% agar) containing plant extracts and culture were inoculated in the center of the plate. This research will be very beneficial for us to reduce the pathogenic S, aureus &amp; S. enterica biofilm by natural source especially plant extracts.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"16 2‐3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135346176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Push and Pull Factors in the Retention of Health Workers in a District in Ghana","authors":"Augustine Adomah-Afari, Ebenezer Arkoh Ameyaw","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4235","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess the push and pull factors associated with the retention of health workers in a district in Ghana.&#x0D; Study Design: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study using quantitative methods in the collection of data.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem District of the Central Region of Ghana in October 2022.&#x0D; Methodology: A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from 282 health workers who were consecutively selected from various health facilities in the study. The data collected was cleaned and analyzed using the statistical software STATA version 15. Descriptive statistics were presented in tables and graphs. A Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. The significance of association was set at P<0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. &#x0D; Results: Overall, 22.0% of the health workers intended to stay at their current organization. Logistic regression analysis predicted that age more than 35 years (AOR: 3.4, CI: 1.025 -11.283, P = .046) and sex - females (AOR: 0.56, CI: 0.016 - 0.223, P = .001) were significantly associated with retention. Institutional factors like lack of supervision of work (AOR: 0.508, CI: 0.176 – 1.472, P = .021), lack of in-service training (AOR:0.045, CI: 0.010 - 0.193, P = .001), inadequate management support (AOR: 0.288, CI: 0.109 – 0.764, P = .012), and poor career progression (AOR: 0.472, CI: 0.019 - 1.873, P = .028) significantly reduced the likelihood of staying. Community factors like the absence of family (AOR: 0.138, CI: 0.051 – 0.376, P = .001) and the absence of alternative jobs (AOR: 0.051, CI: 0.006 – 0.459, P = .008) also negatively predicted retention. &#x0D; Conclusion: Only a small proportion of health workers in the district intended to stay. Factors related to retention were predominantly organizational like career progression, management support, and incentives.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"31 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi Detector Computed Tomography and Ultrasound Evaluation of Neck Masses with Pathological Correlation","authors":"None Shyam S., None Parthasarathy K. R., None Vaishnavi R. S., None Prerana A. T., None Shahab Qadir B., Ajay Kumar, None Sachin T. D., Preetham Gowda","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2023/v12i4234","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Neck imaging has always been a diagnostic challenge. High-resolution sonography being inexpensive and safe has become the initial investigation of choice for neck pathologies; it provides information regarding the origin and extent of the lesion. Computed tomography (CT) has a unique capacity for displaying soft tissue, bone and airway details and provides critical anatomical information about lesions involving the neck. This study aims to determine the role of USG and CT in neck masses for pre-operative characterization based on location, extent, morphological characteristics and enhancement pattern and to compare USG and CT findings with histopathological diagnosis.&#x0D; Material and Methods: A total number of 60 adult patients with suspected neck masses were studied in the department of Radiodiagnosis, SSIMS&amp;RC, Davanagere and inputs from Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College, Bengaluru over a period of 24 months. Ultrasound was done using GE Voluson E6 machine &amp; Contrast enhanced CT was done using GE Revolution Multidetector CT scan machine. Post processing techniques (like volume rendered techniques) were applied wherever useful.&#x0D; Results: The findings on USG and CT were conclusive in nearly 90% of cases. Enhancement patterns and presence/absence of bony invasion were found to be more specific in differentiating benign/malignant nature.&#x0D; Conclusion: High-resolution sonography can be used as the first-line modality for evaluating cervical soft tissue masses, it helps the clinicians to characterize the lesion. Multi-detector computed tomography is a sensitive diagnostic tool for diagnosing neck masses and differentiating between benign and malignant lesions with high accuracy. The extent of pathology with local/ contiguous spread predicted by CT examination was conclusive. The overall findings suggest that MDCT and Ultrasound, when used in conjunction with pathological correlation, can be effective tools for accurately characterizing and diagnosing the neck masses.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135992891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}