Pub Date : 2022-11-11DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4203
B. Muhammad, S. Barau, M. Zaruwa, Rabiu M. Modibbo, Saidu B. Ibrahim
Introduction: Paraquat is a bipyridil herbicide commonly used in modern agriculture for weed and pest control. Paraquat poisoning usually occurs through direct ingestion for suicidal intent, causing mortality as a consequence to oxidative damage, inflammation and multi-organ failure. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the ameliorative potential of Cucurbita pepo fruit on paraqaut-induced oxidative damage, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Rats were orally administered paraquat (2 mg/kg b.w) with or without the fruit extract (500 mg/kg b.w) or resveratrol (3.57 mg/kg b.w) co-administration for 2 weeks. Results: We found C. pepo fruit extract significantly restored paraquat-induced oxidative damage, acute inflammation and hyperlipidemia. Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration was significantly abridged in paraquat treated group, while the concentration of GSH increases substantially across groups administered fruit extract and resveratrol. Furthermore, paraquat induced concomitant reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which was restored by the fruit extract and resveratrol. However, nitric oxide level demonstrated a substantial elevation in paraquat-treated group, but restored by both the fruit extract and resveratrol. Moreover, pumpkin fruit extract and resveratrol supplementation suppressed overproduction of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins and thus, alleviated paraquat-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, administration of C. pepo fruit extract and resveratrol ameliorated the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effect caused by paraquat. Conclusion: We conclude that C. pepo fruit extract and resveratrol administration ameliorated oxidative damage, acute inflammation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by paraquat ingestion.
{"title":"Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) Fruit Extract Attenuates Paraquat-induced Toxicity in Wister Rats","authors":"B. Muhammad, S. Barau, M. Zaruwa, Rabiu M. Modibbo, Saidu B. Ibrahim","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4203","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Paraquat is a bipyridil herbicide commonly used in modern agriculture for weed and pest control. Paraquat poisoning usually occurs through direct ingestion for suicidal intent, causing mortality as a consequence to oxidative damage, inflammation and multi-organ failure. \u0000Objectives: In this study, we investigated the ameliorative potential of Cucurbita pepo fruit on paraqaut-induced oxidative damage, inflammation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. \u0000Methods: Rats were orally administered paraquat (2 mg/kg b.w) with or without the fruit extract (500 mg/kg b.w) or resveratrol (3.57 mg/kg b.w) co-administration for 2 weeks. \u0000Results: We found C. pepo fruit extract significantly restored paraquat-induced oxidative damage, acute inflammation and hyperlipidemia. Reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration was significantly abridged in paraquat treated group, while the concentration of GSH increases substantially across groups administered fruit extract and resveratrol. Furthermore, paraquat induced concomitant reduction in the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which was restored by the fruit extract and resveratrol. However, nitric oxide level demonstrated a substantial elevation in paraquat-treated group, but restored by both the fruit extract and resveratrol. Moreover, pumpkin fruit extract and resveratrol supplementation suppressed overproduction of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins and thus, alleviated paraquat-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, administration of C. pepo fruit extract and resveratrol ameliorated the hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic effect caused by paraquat. \u0000Conclusion: We conclude that C. pepo fruit extract and resveratrol administration ameliorated oxidative damage, acute inflammation, hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by paraquat ingestion.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78172560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-08DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4202
Mohammad Saeed Sarwar, Ashraf Alakkad, H. A. Fawzy
Background: Ascariasis is a common helminthic disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract of human beings and is caused by the Ascaris lumbricoid worm. Most of the time, this parasite resides in the intestinal lumen, but it can occasionally travel to the biliary tract through the ampulla of Vater. The most serious and potentially fatal complication of intestinal ascariasis is biliary ascariasis, which can appear in different ways. Case Report: A non-diabetic, non-alcoholic female reported to the emergency department with a one-day history of abdominal pain and vomiting with worms. The pain began gradually with a score of 7/10 and rapidly deteriorated during the day, reaching 10/10 at the hospital presentation. The patient also had a significant medical history. Before papillotomy, she underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with the removal of one common bile duct (CBD) stone, but no stent was implanted. She had her laparoscopic cholecystectomy done as well. Laboratory examination revealed normal liver function tests and C-reactive protein. While abdominal ultrasound confirmed the presence of hepatic pericholangitis and on ultrasound imaging, the CBD was found to be enlarged approximately 7 mm in diameter and had a linear tubular structure with centre faint echogenicity and periphery tubularity. The ultimate diagnosis of the patient was cholangitis brought on by Ascaris lumbricoides. After the diagnosis, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed sphincterotomy with CBD dilation. The worm was extracted by grasping it with biopsy forceps and pulled out of the papilla using a balloon catheter. The length of the worm was 18 centimeters. Conclusion: Ascaris is the most frequently occurring disease that can cause biliary complications, such as cholangitis. This case report suggests that cholangitis caused by Ascaris lumbricoides can be successfully treated with the endoscopic approach, indicating that endoscopy could be a viable option to manage ascaris.
{"title":"Ascaris lumbricoides Infestation of Bile Ducts: Case Report","authors":"Mohammad Saeed Sarwar, Ashraf Alakkad, H. A. Fawzy","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4202","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ascariasis is a common helminthic disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract of human beings and is caused by the Ascaris lumbricoid worm. Most of the time, this parasite resides in the intestinal lumen, but it can occasionally travel to the biliary tract through the ampulla of Vater. The most serious and potentially fatal complication of intestinal ascariasis is biliary ascariasis, which can appear in different ways. \u0000Case Report: A non-diabetic, non-alcoholic female reported to the emergency department with a one-day history of abdominal pain and vomiting with worms. The pain began gradually with a score of 7/10 and rapidly deteriorated during the day, reaching 10/10 at the hospital presentation. The patient also had a significant medical history. Before papillotomy, she underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with the removal of one common bile duct (CBD) stone, but no stent was implanted. She had her laparoscopic cholecystectomy done as well. Laboratory examination revealed normal liver function tests and C-reactive protein. While abdominal ultrasound confirmed the presence of hepatic pericholangitis and on ultrasound imaging, the CBD was found to be enlarged approximately 7 mm in diameter and had a linear tubular structure with centre faint echogenicity and periphery tubularity. The ultimate diagnosis of the patient was cholangitis brought on by Ascaris lumbricoides. After the diagnosis, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed sphincterotomy with CBD dilation. The worm was extracted by grasping it with biopsy forceps and pulled out of the papilla using a balloon catheter. The length of the worm was 18 centimeters. \u0000Conclusion: Ascaris is the most frequently occurring disease that can cause biliary complications, such as cholangitis. This case report suggests that cholangitis caused by Ascaris lumbricoides can be successfully treated with the endoscopic approach, indicating that endoscopy could be a viable option to manage ascaris.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86411442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-18DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4201
I. Peter, I. Okolo, H. O. Uzoeto, C. I. Edemekong, M. Thompson, E. Chukwu, Ismaila Danjuma Mohammed, Idongesit Joseph Ubom, Ofonmbuk Victor Joseph, A. C. Nwuzo, Peace Oluchi Akpu, Ifeanyichukwu RomanusIroha
Background and Objectives: The biofilm-forming ability of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains have demonstrated the involvement of MRSA biofilm in antibiotic resistance, recalcitrant and persistent infections in humans. Despite a deeper understanding of the biofilm-forming ability of MRSAstrain, it is still essential to extend the research on the identification and antibiotic resistance profile of biofilm-forming MRSA causing infection among orthopedic wound patients. Methodology: A total of three hundred and thirty (303) patient-isolate of non-repeatable Staphylococcus aureus strains were obtained during the period of 2021 until 2022 from fracture and post-surgical orthopedic wound patients with wound duration >2months at the National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu (NOHE). S. aureus were identified using conventional microbiological cultures Technique followed by confirmation of MRSA strain through Brilliance MRSA 2 Agar. Antibiotic Susceptibility testing (AST) of biofilm-forming MRSA was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and the results were interpreted using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) zone diameter breakpoints. Multidrug Resistance (MDR) was determined for biofilm-forming MRSA. Result:Of the 303 isolate of S. aureus, MRSA strain accounted 86(28.4 %) and 78(25.7 %) from post-surgical wound and fracture wound respectively while biofilm forming MRSA was identified in 101(33.4%) MRSA strain consisting of high proportion 66(21.8 %) fromPost-surgical wound followed by fracture wound samples recording 35(11.6 %). Association between MRSA production and biofilm formation was considered statistically significant at P< .05. The proportion of biofilm-forming MRSA resistance to β-lactam accounted 71.4-100%, macrolide resistance recorded 65.7-92.4 %, lincosamideresistance 74.3-100 %, glycopeptide resistance proportion ranged from 62.8-100 % while low level of resistance to fluoroquinolones 19.7-42.9 % and Aminoglycoside 8.6-10.6 % was observed. Biofilm-forming MRSA isolate were MDR to one or more antibiotic antimicrobial agents in at least three categories withMDRIndex range ≥ 0.3 but majority of the isolate were 91.4% and 100% susceptible to Gentamicin and Imipenem. Conclusion: The invitro expression of biofilm formation among MRSA strain and their antibiotic resistance profile in this study makes them a potential threat and challenging pathogens with the ability to cause persistent infections in humans, especially among orthopedic wound patients. Thus the development of an antimicrobial stewardship program and regular detection of biofilm production is needed for timely intervention while judicious use of Imipenem and Gentamicin as a drug of choice for effective treatment of infection caused by biofilm-forming MRSA among orthopedic patients will avert the severity of infection. Further research of these sort should investigate the genotyping expression of a biofilm gene variant in other huma
{"title":"Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Biofilm-forming Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Causing Infection among Orthopedic Wound Patients","authors":"I. Peter, I. Okolo, H. O. Uzoeto, C. I. Edemekong, M. Thompson, E. Chukwu, Ismaila Danjuma Mohammed, Idongesit Joseph Ubom, Ofonmbuk Victor Joseph, A. C. Nwuzo, Peace Oluchi Akpu, Ifeanyichukwu RomanusIroha","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4201","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: The biofilm-forming ability of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains have demonstrated the involvement of MRSA biofilm in antibiotic resistance, recalcitrant and persistent infections in humans. Despite a deeper understanding of the biofilm-forming ability of MRSAstrain, it is still essential to extend the research on the identification and antibiotic resistance profile of biofilm-forming MRSA causing infection among orthopedic wound patients. \u0000Methodology: A total of three hundred and thirty (303) patient-isolate of non-repeatable Staphylococcus aureus strains were obtained during the period of 2021 until 2022 from fracture and post-surgical orthopedic wound patients with wound duration >2months at the National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu (NOHE). S. aureus were identified using conventional microbiological cultures Technique followed by confirmation of MRSA strain through Brilliance MRSA 2 Agar. Antibiotic Susceptibility testing (AST) of biofilm-forming MRSA was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and the results were interpreted using the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) zone diameter breakpoints. Multidrug Resistance (MDR) was determined for biofilm-forming MRSA. \u0000Result:Of the 303 isolate of S. aureus, MRSA strain accounted 86(28.4 %) and 78(25.7 %) from post-surgical wound and fracture wound respectively while biofilm forming MRSA was identified in 101(33.4%) MRSA strain consisting of high proportion 66(21.8 %) fromPost-surgical wound followed by fracture wound samples recording 35(11.6 %). Association between MRSA production and biofilm formation was considered statistically significant at P< .05. The proportion of biofilm-forming MRSA resistance to β-lactam accounted 71.4-100%, macrolide resistance recorded 65.7-92.4 %, lincosamideresistance 74.3-100 %, glycopeptide resistance proportion ranged from 62.8-100 % while low level of resistance to fluoroquinolones 19.7-42.9 % and Aminoglycoside 8.6-10.6 % was observed. Biofilm-forming MRSA isolate were MDR to one or more antibiotic antimicrobial agents in at least three categories withMDRIndex range ≥ 0.3 but majority of the isolate were 91.4% and 100% susceptible to Gentamicin and Imipenem. \u0000Conclusion: The invitro expression of biofilm formation among MRSA strain and their antibiotic resistance profile in this study makes them a potential threat and challenging pathogens with the ability to cause persistent infections in humans, especially among orthopedic wound patients. Thus the development of an antimicrobial stewardship program and regular detection of biofilm production is needed for timely intervention while judicious use of Imipenem and Gentamicin as a drug of choice for effective treatment of infection caused by biofilm-forming MRSA among orthopedic patients will avert the severity of infection. Further research of these sort should investigate the genotyping expression of a biofilm gene variant in other huma","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90599063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4200
I. Uduchi, J. Elo-Ilo, E. C. Ogbodo, Stella N. Kanu, Eric E. Okereke
It has been demonstrated that Vernonia amygdalina, often known as the bitter leaf, offers a range of medical benefits that can improve human health. This study was designed to investigatethe effects of V. amygdalina (VA) ethanolic leaf extracts on some haematological parameters in albino rats. A total of thirty - six albino rats fed with a commercial pelleted poultry grower’s mash- diet were used for this study and they were divided into six groups, each containing six rats. Groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 received 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of VA leaf extract three times a week at two-day intervals over a period of three weeks. Group 6 (control) received water only. The haematological parameters (red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell count (TWBC), platelet (PLT) count, and WBC differentials (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and mixed cells) were analyzed using three part full blood count autoanalyzer. The results showed that although the mean neutrophil count differed significantly (p<0.05) when compared between the groups studied, there was no statistically significant (p>0.05) difference in the mean levels of PCV, Hb, RBC, TWBC, platelet count, lymphocytes and mixed cell count when compared across and between the groups. This study revealed that Vernonia amygdalina had no negative effects on the haematological indicators studied.
{"title":"Effect of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Vernonia amygdalina on Haematological Parameters in Albino Rats","authors":"I. Uduchi, J. Elo-Ilo, E. C. Ogbodo, Stella N. Kanu, Eric E. Okereke","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4200","url":null,"abstract":"It has been demonstrated that Vernonia amygdalina, often known as the bitter leaf, offers a range of medical benefits that can improve human health. This study was designed to investigatethe effects of V. amygdalina (VA) ethanolic leaf extracts on some haematological parameters in albino rats. A total of thirty - six albino rats fed with a commercial pelleted poultry grower’s mash- diet were used for this study and they were divided into six groups, each containing six rats. Groups 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 received 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/kg body weight (bwt) of VA leaf extract three times a week at two-day intervals over a period of three weeks. Group 6 (control) received water only. The haematological parameters (red blood cell count (RBC), haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell count (TWBC), platelet (PLT) count, and WBC differentials (neutrophils, lymphocytes, and mixed cells) were analyzed using three part full blood count autoanalyzer. The results showed that although the mean neutrophil count differed significantly (p<0.05) when compared between the groups studied, there was no statistically significant (p>0.05) difference in the mean levels of PCV, Hb, RBC, TWBC, platelet count, lymphocytes and mixed cell count when compared across and between the groups. This study revealed that Vernonia amygdalina had no negative effects on the haematological indicators studied.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85527363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4199
O. N. Onyekachi, S. Orji, C. Ugwu, C. Igwenyi, C. Uche, I. Abali, M. U. Nwobodo, C. Iwuoha, N. Chika-Igwenyi, C. A. Onyeaghala, F. Agu, A. I. Airaodion
Background: Parkia biglobosa seed has been reported to possess hepatoperotective potential. Therefore, this study sought to investigate its ability in ameliorating KBrO3-induced hepatotoxicity. Methodology: P. biglobosa was extracted with soxhlet extractor with 95% ethanol as the solvent. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were acclimatized under laboratory conditions and were randomly grouped into A, B, C and D. Group A was given distilled water orally. Animals in groups B, C and D were administered 100 mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate, but groups C and D were also treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of P. biglobosa respectively. Both potassium bromate and P. biglobosa were freshly prepared on daily basis and administered to rats by oral gavage. After 28 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed under mild diethyl ether anaesthetization 24 hours after cessation of last treatment. Blood and liver tissue were collected. Results: The findings demonstrated that, when compared to the control group, KBrO3 caused a significant increase (P˂0.05) in ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, total bilirubin (TB), conjugated bilirubin (CB), and unconjugated bilirubin (UB) levels, but decreased total protein, albumin and globulin in the serum of animals. In the liver cells, KBrO3 reduced hepatic biomarkers. These perturbations were neutralized in the groups treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Conclusion: The result of the present study revealed that KBrO3 is hepatotoxic at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The result further suggests that P. biglobosa possesses hepatoprotective properties in rats in vivo. This study can be replicated in human trial.
{"title":"Hepatocellular Injury Ameliorated by a Common African Food, Parkia biglobosa","authors":"O. N. Onyekachi, S. Orji, C. Ugwu, C. Igwenyi, C. Uche, I. Abali, M. U. Nwobodo, C. Iwuoha, N. Chika-Igwenyi, C. A. Onyeaghala, F. Agu, A. I. Airaodion","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i4199","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parkia biglobosa seed has been reported to possess hepatoperotective potential. Therefore, this study sought to investigate its ability in ameliorating KBrO3-induced hepatotoxicity. \u0000Methodology: P. biglobosa was extracted with soxhlet extractor with 95% ethanol as the solvent. Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were acclimatized under laboratory conditions and were randomly grouped into A, B, C and D. Group A was given distilled water orally. Animals in groups B, C and D were administered 100 mg/kg body weight of potassium bromate, but groups C and D were also treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of P. biglobosa respectively. Both potassium bromate and P. biglobosa were freshly prepared on daily basis and administered to rats by oral gavage. After 28 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed under mild diethyl ether anaesthetization 24 hours after cessation of last treatment. Blood and liver tissue were collected. \u0000Results: The findings demonstrated that, when compared to the control group, KBrO3 caused a significant increase (P˂0.05) in ALT, AST, LDH, ALP, total bilirubin (TB), conjugated bilirubin (CB), and unconjugated bilirubin (UB) levels, but decreased total protein, albumin and globulin in the serum of animals. In the liver cells, KBrO3 reduced hepatic biomarkers. These perturbations were neutralized in the groups treated with 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The result of the present study revealed that KBrO3 is hepatotoxic at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. The result further suggests that P. biglobosa possesses hepatoprotective properties in rats in vivo. This study can be replicated in human trial.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90491419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-20DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430195
D. Das, N. Sinha, Shahina Akhter, Tahmina Sharmin, Sandip Kanungo
In Bangladesh, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has already resulted in 1.52 million cases of sickness and 26,794 deaths by 2021-09-09. As a result of hormonal and physiological shifts, pregnant women may be more vulnerable to life-threatening lung infections. During 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, scientists sought to thoroughly analyze the available literature on the link between SARS-CoV-2 infections and pregnancy. This study's primary objective was to evaluate the literature about the consequences of SARS-related CoV-2 on pregnancy. We have collected the data for this meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Scopus, Medline, the Cochrane database, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of all included papers. We used the PRISMA criteria to evaluate the abstracts of the published research articles. After ensuring data consistency, only sources and materials useful to the study's objectives were used. We have completed our review of the literature and have included 23 sarticles in our analysis.
{"title":"Pregnancy and COVID-19: A Systematic Review","authors":"D. Das, N. Sinha, Shahina Akhter, Tahmina Sharmin, Sandip Kanungo","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430195","url":null,"abstract":"In Bangladesh, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has already resulted in 1.52 million cases of sickness and 26,794 deaths by 2021-09-09. As a result of hormonal and physiological shifts, pregnant women may be more vulnerable to life-threatening lung infections. During 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, scientists sought to thoroughly analyze the available literature on the link between SARS-CoV-2 infections and pregnancy. This study's primary objective was to evaluate the literature about the consequences of SARS-related CoV-2 on pregnancy. We have collected the data for this meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Scopus, Medline, the Cochrane database, Google Scholar, and the reference lists of all included papers. We used the PRISMA criteria to evaluate the abstracts of the published research articles. After ensuring data consistency, only sources and materials useful to the study's objectives were used. We have completed our review of the literature and have included 23 sarticles in our analysis.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90598765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-19DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430194
H. M. A. Elghany, Zeinab A. El Swaify, Zeinab A. Abd Elhafez
This research was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 seasons, and the aim of the research was to study the effect of each of the different drying methods (drying in the shade, direct sunlight, electric ovens, and solar dryer) and the different storage periods (0, 2, 4 and 6 months) on the quality of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) for both variety cultivars Sabhia 17 Dark and Sabhia 17 Light. The results showed that the method of drying in the shade gave the best results for most of the characterizes studied for both varieties of the both seasons, and the results for the different storage times did not differ significantly between them, especially the calyxes content of the two varieties of TPC, DPPH% and TFC. On the other hand the chemical composition data of roselle observed about the light variety is rich in ascorbic acid, TFC and TPC, while the dark variety is rich in the total anthocyanin content (490 mg / 100g DWS).
{"title":"Effect of Different Drying Methods and Storage Time on Quality of Roselle Calyxes (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Plants","authors":"H. M. A. Elghany, Zeinab A. El Swaify, Zeinab A. Abd Elhafez","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i430194","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted during the 2018 and 2019 seasons, and the aim of the research was to study the effect of each of the different drying methods (drying in the shade, direct sunlight, electric ovens, and solar dryer) and the different storage periods (0, 2, 4 and 6 months) on the quality of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) for both variety cultivars Sabhia 17 Dark and Sabhia 17 Light. The results showed that the method of drying in the shade gave the best results for most of the characterizes studied for both varieties of the both seasons, and the results for the different storage times did not differ significantly between them, especially the calyxes content of the two varieties of TPC, DPPH% and TFC. On the other hand the chemical composition data of roselle observed about the light variety is rich in ascorbic acid, TFC and TPC, while the dark variety is rich in the total anthocyanin content (490 mg / 100g DWS).","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78426576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-13DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330193
N. Suvarchala Reddy V, M. Ganga Raju, M. Mamatha, S. Thakur
Aim: To evaluate anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum extract in Wistar Albino Rats. Methods: The whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum were collected and extracted with methanol by soxhlation. It was tested in Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hyperlipidemic rat models and antioxidant hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay. Results: Basic phytochemical tests resulted in the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phytosterols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. In rat models of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU), the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of a methanolic extract of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum was studied. MEGH (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment greatly decreased the enhanced serum lipids, restored the decreased HDL compared to disease group. Histopathological examinations showed recovery of the damaged liver cells in Propylthiouracil treated group. The extract's capacity to scavenge free radicals caused by hydrogen peroxide was also measured. Ascorbic acid served as the reference. The result demonstrates that the Gossypium herbaceum whole plant's methanolic extract has substantial antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties. Docking simulation was done to PDB protein of Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and Antoxidant and viewed in discover studio followed by Ramachandran plot. Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Gossypium herbaceum can be used for management of hyperlipidemia and possess antioxidant activities.
{"title":"Antihyperlipidemic Studies of Methanolic Extract of Gossypium herbaceum: An In silico and In vivo Approach","authors":"N. Suvarchala Reddy V, M. Ganga Raju, M. Mamatha, S. Thakur","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330193","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate anti-hyperlipidemic activity of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum extract in Wistar Albino Rats. \u0000Methods: The whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum were collected and extracted with methanol by soxhlation. It was tested in Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hyperlipidemic rat models and antioxidant hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay. \u0000Results: Basic phytochemical tests resulted in the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, phytosterols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins and phenolic compounds. In rat models of hyperlipidemia induced by Triton and Propylthiouracil (PTU), the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of a methanolic extract of the whole plant of Gossypium herbaceum was studied. MEGH (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) treatment greatly decreased the enhanced serum lipids, restored the decreased HDL compared to disease group. Histopathological examinations showed recovery of the damaged liver cells in Propylthiouracil treated group. The extract's capacity to scavenge free radicals caused by hydrogen peroxide was also measured. Ascorbic acid served as the reference. The result demonstrates that the Gossypium herbaceum whole plant's methanolic extract has substantial antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties. Docking simulation was done to PDB protein of Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and Antoxidant and viewed in discover studio followed by Ramachandran plot. \u0000Conclusion: Methanolic extract of Gossypium herbaceum can be used for management of hyperlipidemia and possess antioxidant activities.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76096569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The plants of Carica papaya are utilised for nutritional and therapeutic purposes. The phytochemical examination of the leaf extract of Carica papaya reveals all phytochemical elements, including saponin, flavonoid, glycoside, alkaloid, carbohydrates, tannins, and steroids. A systematic phytochemical analysis was used to check all extracts for the presence of phytochemical components. Free radical scavenging; wound healing; neuroprotection; diuretic; abortifacient; antifertility; anti-sickling; neuroprotective; diuretic; abortifacient; Antimicrobial properties of papaya seed extracts have been shown to be effective against B. cereus, S. faecalis, S. aureus, and a variety of bacterial pathogens. Anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanolic extract of Carica papaya L. leaf were investigated in rats with paw oedema. In order to create the extract, many solvents were used such as alcohol, methanol, and ethanol as well as aqueous extracts such as acetone and chloroform. The research indicates that the latex of papaya fruits exhibits substantial efficacy against Candida albicans. The well diffusion approach inhibits S. aureus more effectively than E. coli when using methanol extract. It has antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, wound-healing, and analgesic properties, among others. According to the findings of this investigation, when given in doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/ml, Carica papaya leaf extract had more antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides than Fusarium spp., Rhizopus stolonifer, and antibacterial activity than aqueous papaya leaf extract.
{"title":"Different Areas of Carica papaya Linn Display Antifungal and Antimicrobial Activity","authors":"Ram Vighne, Gaurav Mude, Chaitali Dangore, Mona Kapse, Sudarshan Behere","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330192","url":null,"abstract":"The plants of Carica papaya are utilised for nutritional and therapeutic purposes. The phytochemical examination of the leaf extract of Carica papaya reveals all phytochemical elements, including saponin, flavonoid, glycoside, alkaloid, carbohydrates, tannins, and steroids. A systematic phytochemical analysis was used to check all extracts for the presence of phytochemical components. Free radical scavenging; wound healing; neuroprotection; diuretic; abortifacient; antifertility; anti-sickling; neuroprotective; diuretic; abortifacient; Antimicrobial properties of papaya seed extracts have been shown to be effective against B. cereus, S. faecalis, S. aureus, and a variety of bacterial pathogens. Anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanolic extract of Carica papaya L. leaf were investigated in rats with paw oedema. In order to create the extract, many solvents were used such as alcohol, methanol, and ethanol as well as aqueous extracts such as acetone and chloroform. The research indicates that the latex of papaya fruits exhibits substantial efficacy against Candida albicans. The well diffusion approach inhibits S. aureus more effectively than E. coli when using methanol extract. It has antifungal, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, wound-healing, and analgesic properties, among others. According to the findings of this investigation, when given in doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/ml, Carica papaya leaf extract had more antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides than Fusarium spp., Rhizopus stolonifer, and antibacterial activity than aqueous papaya leaf extract.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75226330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330191
Ogoun Timipa Richard
Biochemical parameters are biomarkers used in evaluating the functionality of some bodily organs such as liver, kidneys and the heart. This study aimed at assessing the effects of Vino Gano Ginger And Herbal Liqueur on the Biochemical Parameters of the male Wistar rats. A total of 25 adult male Wistar rats weighing between 115.3 -248.6 g were used for experiment. They were divided into four groups [4 in each group] based on the body weight and different dosage of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur were administered to the rats of various groups. Nine [9] out the 24 was used to determine the Sub- acute test to basses toxicity and mortality using Lorke (1983) method. The animals were separated into four [4] groups; control and three treatment groups that received [5 ml/kg, 10 ml/kg and 15 ml/kg] of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liquor orally for 4 weeks. The experimental animals were weighed weekly and at the end of the 4th week, they were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for Biochemical Analysis. Results showed significant elevation in mean AST, ALT, ALP, Urea, Creatinine, Total Cholesterol and LDH of the Wistars treated with [5 ml/kg, 10 ml/kg and 15 ml/kg] of the Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur (p<0.05). A significant Total Protein reduction was recognized of the Wistar rats treated with Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur. There was slight increase in Albumin in the treatment group 1 [5 ml/kg] but reduction was recorded in treatment groups II and III [10 ml/kg and 15ml/kg]. In conclusion, continues intake of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur will pose reno-toxic effect, Myocardial infarction, Cholestasis, Sarcopenia, leukemia and other life treating conditions.
{"title":"Assessment of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur on the Biochemical Parameters of the Wistar Rats","authors":"Ogoun Timipa Richard","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2022/v11i330191","url":null,"abstract":"Biochemical parameters are biomarkers used in evaluating the functionality of some bodily organs such as liver, kidneys and the heart. This study aimed at assessing the effects of Vino Gano Ginger And Herbal Liqueur on the Biochemical Parameters of the male Wistar rats. A total of 25 adult male Wistar rats weighing between 115.3 -248.6 g were used for experiment. They were divided into four groups [4 in each group] based on the body weight and different dosage of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur were administered to the rats of various groups. Nine [9] out the 24 was used to determine the Sub- acute test to basses toxicity and mortality using Lorke (1983) method. \u0000The animals were separated into four [4] groups; control and three treatment groups that received [5 ml/kg, 10 ml/kg and 15 ml/kg] of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liquor orally for 4 weeks. The experimental animals were weighed weekly and at the end of the 4th week, they were sacrificed and blood samples were collected for Biochemical Analysis. Results showed significant elevation in mean AST, ALT, ALP, Urea, Creatinine, Total Cholesterol and LDH of the Wistars treated with [5 ml/kg, 10 ml/kg and 15 ml/kg] of the Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur (p<0.05). A significant Total Protein reduction was recognized of the Wistar rats treated with Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur. There was slight increase in Albumin in the treatment group 1 [5 ml/kg] but reduction was recorded in treatment groups II and III [10 ml/kg and 15ml/kg]. In conclusion, continues intake of Vino Gano Ginger and Herb Liqueur will pose reno-toxic effect, Myocardial infarction, Cholestasis, Sarcopenia, leukemia and other life treating conditions.","PeriodicalId":8536,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85925471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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