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MODERN ROMANIA ECONOMIC ISSUES. THE AGRICULTURAL EXPLOITATIONS. LIMITS AND VULNERABILITIES. 现代罗马尼亚经济问题。农业开发。限制和弱点。
Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0016
Doris-Louise Popescu
The current study aims to highlight the main deficiencies that defined the fundamental sector of the Romanian economy in the modern period, agriculture. In this case, we are witnessing a paradox, Romania s specialization in this traditional occupation, the majority rural population, the soil of an exceptional quality being only the elements of a not exploited to its true value potential. We therefore propose an analysis of the way of organization and operation of the agricultural holdings, both of the small and the large farming, emphasising the insufficiencies that characterized these holdings, contributing majorly to the lack of performance of this key economic sector.
目前的研究旨在强调在现代时期界定罗马尼亚经济基础部门农业的主要缺陷。在这种情况下,我们正在目睹一种矛盾,罗马尼亚在这一传统职业上的专业化,大多数农村人口,特殊品质的土壤只是未开发其真正价值潜力的要素。因此,我们建议对农业控股的组织和经营方式进行分析,包括小型和大型农业,强调这些控股的不足之处,主要是造成这一关键经济部门缺乏表现的原因。
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引用次数: 0
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ROMANIAN FOREIGN TRADE RESULTS IN THE YEAR 2021 2019冠状病毒病大流行对2021年罗马尼亚外贸结果的影响
Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0012
Wiegand Helmut Fleischer
he aim of the paper “The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Foreign Trade Results in the Year 2021” is to analyse the Romanian economy in the year 2021 from the prospect of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in order to quantify the impact of the health crisis on the economic activity and the volume of foreign trade. We will analyse the evolution of the FOB exports and CIF importants, the evolution of the FOB/CIF results and compare the actual figures with the figures from the previous year without influecences from the Corona pandemic. After that, we will make some recommendation in order to reduce the negative influences for the Romanian economy and to improve the trade result of Romania. In addition, we will present the general trends of economic evolution in the pandemic context and the opportunities that economic actors should take advantage of. The results of this analysis should be of real interest to decision-makers, investors, managers, students, the media, and other users in general.
“2019冠状病毒病大流行对2021年罗马尼亚外贸结果的影响”这篇论文的目的是从2019冠状病毒病大流行的影响前景出发,分析2021年罗马尼亚经济,以量化卫生危机对经济活动和对外贸易量的影响。我们将分析离岸价出口和到岸价重要性的演变,离岸价/到岸价结果的演变,并将实际数字与不受冠状病毒大流行影响的上一年数字进行比较。在此之后,我们将提出一些建议,以减少对罗马尼亚经济的负面影响,改善罗马尼亚的贸易结果。此外,我们将介绍大流行背景下经济演变的总体趋势以及经济行为体应利用的机会。这种分析的结果应该对决策者、投资者、管理人员、学生、媒体和其他一般用户真正感兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
CIRCULAR ECONOMY AND RELIGIOUS HERITAGE CONSERVATION: ADAPTIVE REUSE CHALLENGES 循环经济和宗教遗产保护:适应性再利用的挑战
Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0015
Maria-Irina Popescu, Daniela Staicu
Today, we seek to reduce the raw materials extracted and the volume of waste generated through circular economy practices. In this context, heritage buildings hold unique advantages, with multiple economic and environmental benefits. This paper presents the results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of challenges of repurposing sacred heritage places through adaptive reuse and aims to identify how circular economy practices are embodied within the process. The analysis of 23 papers and studies published in the past thirty years showcased challenges varying from materials reuse to support from the local community and users of the new purposed buildings. With insights into the challenges of circular economy strategies in adaptive reuse, a framework for circular economy practices in heritage buildings preservation can be developed.
今天,我们力求通过循环经济实践减少原材料的开采和产生的废物量。在这种背景下,遗产建筑具有独特的优势,具有多重的经济效益和环境效益。本文介绍了通过适应性再利用对神圣遗产重新利用的挑战进行定量和定性分析的结果,旨在确定循环经济实践如何在这一过程中体现出来。对过去三十年发表的23篇论文和研究的分析显示了从材料再利用到当地社区和新用途建筑用户的支持等各种挑战。通过对循环经济策略在适应性再利用中所面临挑战的深入了解,我们可以开发一个用于遗产建筑保护的循环经济实践框架。
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引用次数: 0
UNEXPECTED DIGITAL EXPERIMENT: CLOUD COMPUTING AS SOLUTION FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN A POST-PANDEMIC WORLD? 意外的数字实验:云计算作为后流行病世界的创业解决方案?
Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0019
E. Stoica, I. A. Bogoslov, M. Georgescu, A. Lungu
The recent events that have taken place globally, often characterized as facilitators of unexpected changes in almost all fields of activity, determined new key directions to be followed, the potential for their future support and development being also realized. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the entrepreneurial activity itself has undergone sudden shifts, conducted by the desire to survive in uncertain times. As a result, the main actors involved in the entrepreneurial processes have chosen either to focus on the existing business solutions expansion, or on the creation and adoption of new ones, both options offering, in fact, alternatives to the traditional business models. On the other hand, the national lockdowns have led to an intensive digital transformation, especially of the entrepreneurial field, but not only. In this regard, cloud computing became a certain direction of interest for practitioners. Hence, an unforeseen digital trial resulted. While the pandemic accelerated the migration to cloud as a solution to survive in a different market context, the question is how the entrepreneurs will perceive this option in a post-pandemic world? Undoubtedly, the implementation of future action decisions involves the detailed analysis of the potential benefits and of the relationship between the involved inputs and the expected outputs.Under these circumstances, the main aim of the present research is to highlight the significance of cloud computing during and post-pandemic, taking into consideration the entrepreneurial activity. In order to achieve the stated goal, both fundamental and empirical approaches were considered. The research results illustrate the discrepancies between the countries in terms of adopting cloud computing solutions for entrepreneurial activity, considering the evidence obtained during and post-pandemic. Additionally, the opportunities and challenges of cloud computing adoption were discussed.
最近在全球发生的事件往往被认为是促成几乎所有活动领域意想不到的变化的因素,这些事件确定了应遵循的新的关键方向,而且也实现了今后支持和发展这些方向的潜力。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,由于在不确定时期生存的愿望,创业活动本身发生了突然变化。因此,参与创业过程的主要参与者要么选择专注于现有业务解决方案的扩展,要么选择创建和采用新的解决方案,这两种选择实际上都提供了传统商业模式的替代方案。另一方面,全国范围内的封锁导致了密集的数字化转型,特别是在创业领域,但不仅如此。对此,云计算成为从业者感兴趣的一个方向。因此,一场意想不到的数字试验应运而生。虽然大流行加速了向云计算的迁移,将其作为在不同市场环境下生存的解决方案,但问题是,在大流行后的世界里,企业家将如何看待这一选择?毫无疑问,未来行动决定的执行涉及对潜在利益和所涉投入与预期产出之间关系的详细分析。在这种情况下,本研究的主要目的是在考虑到创业活动的情况下,突出大流行期间和之后云计算的重要性。为了达到既定的目标,考虑了基本方法和经验方法。考虑到大流行期间和之后获得的证据,研究结果说明了各国在为企业活动采用云计算解决方案方面的差异。此外,还讨论了采用云计算的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 0
THE COVID RECOVERY IS DIGITAL - THE SHORT-TERM IMPLICATIONS ON RECRUITMENT - CASE STUDY IN ROMANIA 新冠疫情的复苏是数字化的——对招聘的短期影响——罗马尼亚的案例研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0007
Diana IONEL TAMPU
The pandemic has brought changes in every aspect of life, both personally and professionally. The business environment is characterized by volatility, uncertainty, and constant change. The digital age identifies and accelerates the pace of change. In this context the current article presents the ways the companies changes their recruitments methods, because only being agile, flexible, adaptable and innovative in any crisis they can give birth to innovation! In terms of employment, the forecast for 2020-2021 was certainly uncertain. Adapting to change made all the difference and digitalization was the key to change.
这场大流行给个人和职业生活的各个方面带来了变化。商业环境的特点是不稳定、不确定和不断变化。数字时代识别并加速了变革的步伐。在此背景下,本文介绍了公司改变招聘方式的方法,因为只有在任何危机中保持敏捷,灵活,适应性和创新才能产生创新!在就业方面,2020-2021年的预测当然是不确定的。适应变化是最重要的,数字化是改变的关键。
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引用次数: 0
ENVIRONMENTAL FUND IN ROMANIA: HOW PUBLIC MONEY ARE SPEND FOR A “GREEN” NATIONAL TRANSPORT? 罗马尼亚的环境基金:公共资金如何用于“绿色”国家交通?
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0002
Liliana Barbu
Air pollution is a problem, both nationally and globally. Among the main causes of air pollution are the pollution caused by transport in general, respectively by road transport in particular. Under these conditions, the mass use of ecological means of transport becomes a national desideratum. The paper is an analysis of public programs conducted in Romania to support the development of a green transport system, available to the private sector and the public sector. The analysis includes seven programs financed from the Environmental Fund. These are grouped into three categories: programs for the renewal of vehicles in circulation, programs for the development of a green supply infrastructure and programs for the replacement of road transport with rail transport. The expected results consist in identifying the performing / non-performing programs and the factors that determine them.
空气污染是一个全国性和全球性的问题。空气污染的主要原因是一般运输造成的污染,特别是公路运输造成的污染。在这种情况下,大量使用生态交通工具成为国家的愿望。本文分析了罗马尼亚为支持绿色交通系统发展而开展的公共项目,该项目可供私营部门和公共部门使用。该分析包括由环境基金资助的七个项目。这些规划分为三类:流通车辆更新规划、绿色供应基础设施发展规划和以铁路运输替代公路运输规划。预期的结果包括确定正在执行/未执行的项目和决定它们的因素。
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引用次数: 0
GENERATIONAL PARTICULARITIES IN FINANCIAL BEHAVIOR. EXAMPLES FROM ROMANIA 金融行为的代际差异。罗马尼亚的例子
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0001
Paul-Gheorghe Băhnean, Nancy Diana Panța
Undoubtedly, financial behavior is a particularly complex one, which incorporates a multitude of factors. In order to have a better understanding of the motives that act upon the financial (and investment) behavior, numerous theorists have made efforts to explain what exactly (and how it) impacts decisions. Moving to the pool of investors, the aging rate of population is increasing at a dramatic rate in countries like the United States, or in regions such as Europe (implicitly in Romania). Due to this increase in the proportion of elderly people, it has become of interest to understand how these people can make rational financial decisions. Therefore, we aim to examine whether the elderly make more profitable investment choices as they acquire more knowledge and experience in the field of (stock) investments, or whether aging gives us the exact opposite, causing investing skills to deteriorate with age due to the adverse effects of cognitive aging etc.
毫无疑问,金融行为是一个特别复杂的行为,它包含了许多因素。为了更好地理解金融(和投资)行为的动机,许多理论家都在努力解释它究竟是什么(以及如何)影响决策。转移到投资者群体,人口老龄化率正在以惊人的速度增长,在像美国这样的国家,或者在像欧洲这样的地区(隐含在罗马尼亚)。由于老年人比例的增加,了解这些人如何做出理性的财务决策已成为人们感兴趣的问题。因此,我们的目的是研究老年人是否会因为在(股票)投资领域获得更多的知识和经验而做出更有利可图的投资选择,或者老龄化是否会给我们带来相反的结果,导致投资技能随着年龄的增长而恶化,因为认知老化等不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN TIMES OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC COVID-19大流行时期旅游业的可持续发展
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0008
R. Popșa
As a result of the pandemic and implicitly the travel restrictions imposed to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, several tourist trends have been identified, including preference for domestic tourism, travel packages with more flexible cancellation policies, features for safety and health, and finally the desire to travel sustainably and create a positive impact on local communities. In this context, the paper aims to analyse the need and opportunity of sustainable tourism development in times of Covid-19 pandemic.
由于大流行以及为限制SARS-CoV-2病毒传播而实施的隐性旅行限制,已经确定了几个旅游趋势,包括对国内旅游的偏好、取消政策更灵活的旅行套餐、安全和健康的特点,以及可持续旅行并对当地社区产生积极影响的愿望。在此背景下,本文旨在分析新冠肺炎大流行时期旅游业可持续发展的需求和机遇。
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引用次数: 0
THE PERCEIVED QUALITY OF SERVICES PROVIDED ON INDUSTRIAL PARK PLATFORMS 产业园区平台服务感知质量
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0006
D. Goldbach, Madalin-Nicolae Sarbu, O. Mateuţ
Today, which is characterized by economic growth, technological, environmental, and social change, it is hard to focus our business on goods and services that match social needs while being eco-friendly. There is no doubt that the urban environment provides numerous opportunities for relaxation and recreation; however, pollution (atmospheric and noise) in urban agglomerations produces states that are associated with a high mild discomfort. In this context, industrial parks seem to be solid business development alternatives. Thus, we conducted research in which we aimed to study the influence of the communication relationship between the industrial park management team (IP) on the line of perception of service quality. Concurrently, the research investigated the influence of communication with managerial staff at the company where the employee works on the employees perceptions of quality of services received in the IP.
在以经济增长、技术、环境和社会变化为特征的今天,我们很难将业务重点放在既符合社会需求又环保的商品和服务上。毫无疑问,城市环境提供了许多放松和娱乐的机会;然而,城市群的污染(大气和噪音)产生的状态与高度轻度不适有关。在这种背景下,工业园区似乎是坚实的商业发展选择。因此,我们进行了研究,旨在研究工业园区管理团队(IP)之间的沟通关系对服务质量感知的影响。同时,研究还调查了与员工所在公司的管理人员沟通对员工在IP中获得的服务质量的看法的影响。
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引用次数: 0
THE USE OF NEGATIVE PROBABILITIES IN ECONOMICS 负概率在经济学中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0005
Curca Sorin-Nicolae
The concept of „negative probability” has become one of interest in research. Initially developed in connection with physics (negative probabilities are important in the analysis of quantum phenomena), nowadays it has applications in many other scientific disciplines. Its main advantage is that it extends the classical probability theory, which involves values between 0 and 1, allowing negative or supraunitary values. From this point of view, negative probabilities are a useful tool that facilitates the calculation and makes analysis more flexible through models. This paper aims to present the theoretical framework, the principles in relation to which the use of negative probabilities in economics, in general, can be understood. The existing literature highlights that the negative probabilities are appropriate in the analysis of stochastic processes and, from this perspective, has developed applications especially in the field of finance. In this sense, negative probabilities are used in models such as the binomial CRR model (The Cox-Ross-Rubinstein Market Model), that evaluate the price of derivatives on the capital market, those that include hidden variable (non-observable) etc. In our analysis we describe these models and, based on them, we try to identify the features of the negative probabilities that can be used in the economic field. The research is a theoretical one, leading the way for new approaches in the direction of using negative probabilities in macroeconomic modelling.
“负概率”的概念已成为研究的热点之一。最初是在物理学中发展起来的(负概率在量子现象的分析中很重要),现在它在许多其他科学学科中都有应用。它的主要优点是它扩展了经典的概率论,它涉及0到1之间的值,允许负的或超酉的值。从这个角度来看,负概率是一个有用的工具,可以方便计算,并通过模型使分析更加灵活。本文旨在提出理论框架,一般来说,可以理解经济学中负概率的使用与之相关的原则。现有文献强调负概率在随机过程的分析中是合适的,并且从这个角度来看,已经开发了应用,特别是在金融领域。从这个意义上讲,负概率用于诸如二项CRR模型(Cox-Ross-Rubinstein市场模型)之类的模型,该模型用于评估资本市场上衍生品的价格,包括隐藏变量(不可观察)等。在我们的分析中,我们描述了这些模型,并在此基础上,我们试图确定可用于经济领域的负概率的特征。这项研究是一项理论研究,为在宏观经济建模中使用负概率的新方法开辟了道路。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista economica
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