Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2023-0017
Frăticiu Lucia Mariana, Mihăescu Liviu Nicolae
At the root of success in the tough competition, characterized by many unknowns which affect the way of business is conducted, is the quality of management. The universality of management is an undeniable reality, and its importance is all the more obvious as organizations become more complex. This study focuses on some of the most important variables that condition the quality of management. The variables are multiple, but the most important ones refer to the quality of human resources, which is reflected in personal skills and qualities, and the quality of decisions made within the management activity. The quality of the information is added to them, since they represent the "raw material" of the foundation, adoption and operationalization and follow-up of managerial decisions. Moreover, doing effective business today involves providing the right information at the right time to the right people. Also particular importance are the quality of the managerial tools used and last, but not least, the quality of the procedural and structural organization. Improving the quality of management implies, on the one hand, attracting and keeping talented and competent employees in the company, it being known that performance is an exclusive result of the quality of the human factor. On the other hand, the decision-making system in the management of the organization needs a priority treatment, given the importance of the decision which remains the biggest source of business risk. Regarding the managerial tools, it is recommended to promote modern management systems, methods and techniques adapted to the needs of each organization, but also to the managerial functions for which they are used. Fundamental importance are here: decision-making decentralization, avoiding high specialization at the job level that generates routine and reducing the extent to which organizations are based on strict rules.
{"title":"MANAGEMENT QUALITY AND ITS SIGNIFICANT VARIABLES","authors":"Frăticiu Lucia Mariana, Mihăescu Liviu Nicolae","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"At the root of success in the tough competition, characterized by many unknowns which affect the way of business is conducted, is the quality of management. The universality of management is an undeniable reality, and its importance is all the more obvious as organizations become more complex. This study focuses on some of the most important variables that condition the quality of management. The variables are multiple, but the most important ones refer to the quality of human resources, which is reflected in personal skills and qualities, and the quality of decisions made within the management activity. The quality of the information is added to them, since they represent the \"raw material\" of the foundation, adoption and operationalization and follow-up of managerial decisions. Moreover, doing effective business today involves providing the right information at the right time to the right people. Also particular importance are the quality of the managerial tools used and last, but not least, the quality of the procedural and structural organization. Improving the quality of management implies, on the one hand, attracting and keeping talented and competent employees in the company, it being known that performance is an exclusive result of the quality of the human factor. On the other hand, the decision-making system in the management of the organization needs a priority treatment, given the importance of the decision which remains the biggest source of business risk. Regarding the managerial tools, it is recommended to promote modern management systems, methods and techniques adapted to the needs of each organization, but also to the managerial functions for which they are used. Fundamental importance are here: decision-making decentralization, avoiding high specialization at the job level that generates routine and reducing the extent to which organizations are based on strict rules.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2023-0020
Vanya Lazarova
In this paper are considered the specifics of the manipulation of large objects in the database of an application - recording, storage, processing, transmission over the network. Some literature sources dealing with this topic will be reviewed and after that some specifics of working with large objects will be presented. The paper will also address the advantages of using large objects in application development. Some new software products that assist the storage of large objects will also be reviewed. Large Objects (LOBs) are a set of data types in Oracle DBMS, Microsoft SQL Server etc. LOBs are designed to store large amount of data. Large objects are for huge files such as an audio and video files. LOBs can support a maximum file size ranging from 2 GB to 8 GB. Large objects are suitable for storing semi-structured and unstructured data. Storing data in large objects allows data to be accessed and manipulated efficiently within an application. The data in the application s database, with the accumulation of many audio and video files, will at some point begin to meet the rules of big data, and its processing and storage must be carried out by specialized big data environments. The problems of transferring and storing large objects in specialized big data environments will be discussed. Data transfer between different environments will be addressed. The format and content of the data must be preserved, and this leads to the need to comply with several conditions, which will be considered.
{"title":"WORKING WITH LARGE OBJECTS IN APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT","authors":"Vanya Lazarova","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper are considered the specifics of the manipulation of large objects in the database of an application - recording, storage, processing, transmission over the network. Some literature sources dealing with this topic will be reviewed and after that some specifics of working with large objects will be presented. The paper will also address the advantages of using large objects in application development. Some new software products that assist the storage of large objects will also be reviewed. Large Objects (LOBs) are a set of data types in Oracle DBMS, Microsoft SQL Server etc. LOBs are designed to store large amount of data. Large objects are for huge files such as an audio and video files. LOBs can support a maximum file size ranging from 2 GB to 8 GB. Large objects are suitable for storing semi-structured and unstructured data. Storing data in large objects allows data to be accessed and manipulated efficiently within an application. The data in the application s database, with the accumulation of many audio and video files, will at some point begin to meet the rules of big data, and its processing and storage must be carried out by specialized big data environments. The problems of transferring and storing large objects in specialized big data environments will be discussed. Data transfer between different environments will be addressed. The format and content of the data must be preserved, and this leads to the need to comply with several conditions, which will be considered.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2023-0012
I. A. Bogoslov, E. Stoica, Mircea Radu Georgescu, A. Lungu
Over the last decades, gamification has become increasingly used, its benefits being also recognized by a large cluster of e-Commerce providers and consumers. By applying game mechanics and techniques to non-game contexts, gamification certainly has the potential to devise more compelling and enjoyable experiences for customers, motivating them to complete desired actions and behaviors. The current research aims to highlight the advantages, challenges, and future trends of gamification integration in e-Commerce, starting by emphasizing the interest on the analyzed topic from the scientific research perspective and subsequently offering a better understanding on the phenomenon evolution. However, in order to achieve the stated research objective, the process implied approaching three well-known and easy-to-understand analysis tools, namely the SWOT, VRIO and PESTLE instruments, applied from the company s perspective, relative to the general framework. Finally, the paper examines the future trends of gamification in e-Commerce, mainly considering the tech evolution, but also the different generations characteristics. Emerging technologies such as AI, AR/VR, wearables, IoT, blockchain, and others were mentioned as instruments that can be used to create even more immersive and personalized gamification experiences for customers. Overall, the present study demonstrates that gamification represents a long-term valuable strategy for e-Commerce platforms looking to increase customer engagement and loyalty. However, successful gamification requires careful planning, user testing, and ongoing optimization to ensure that it aligns with business goals and customer needs. The future of gamification in e-Commerce will be driven by emerging technologies that can create even more customer-shaped experiences, characterizing gamification as an essential stratagem for e-Commerce businesses aiming to stay ahead of the competition.
{"title":"GAMIFICATION IN E-COMMERCE: ADVANTAGES, CHALLENGES, AND FUTURE TRENDS","authors":"I. A. Bogoslov, E. Stoica, Mircea Radu Georgescu, A. Lungu","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decades, gamification has become increasingly used, its benefits being also recognized by a large cluster of e-Commerce providers and consumers. By applying game mechanics and techniques to non-game contexts, gamification certainly has the potential to devise more compelling and enjoyable experiences for customers, motivating them to complete desired actions and behaviors. The current research aims to highlight the advantages, challenges, and future trends of gamification integration in e-Commerce, starting by emphasizing the interest on the analyzed topic from the scientific research perspective and subsequently offering a better understanding on the phenomenon evolution. However, in order to achieve the stated research objective, the process implied approaching three well-known and easy-to-understand analysis tools, namely the SWOT, VRIO and PESTLE instruments, applied from the company s perspective, relative to the general framework. Finally, the paper examines the future trends of gamification in e-Commerce, mainly considering the tech evolution, but also the different generations characteristics. Emerging technologies such as AI, AR/VR, wearables, IoT, blockchain, and others were mentioned as instruments that can be used to create even more immersive and personalized gamification experiences for customers. Overall, the present study demonstrates that gamification represents a long-term valuable strategy for e-Commerce platforms looking to increase customer engagement and loyalty. However, successful gamification requires careful planning, user testing, and ongoing optimization to ensure that it aligns with business goals and customer needs. The future of gamification in e-Commerce will be driven by emerging technologies that can create even more customer-shaped experiences, characterizing gamification as an essential stratagem for e-Commerce businesses aiming to stay ahead of the competition.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0035
M. Krstić, G. Lapčević, Zorana Nikitović
Entrepreneurship is important for every economy as it encourages economic growth, self-employment and the creation of new jobs, as well as the development of innovations, all of which lead to social well-being. Entrepreneurship is a human activity of practical application of knowledge and skills with a high degree of manifestation of individual abilities. To succeed in establishing a new business entity, it is important to carry out specialized innovative start-up training aimed at preparing people who want to become entrepreneurs, including active entrepreneurs, and which is carried out in order to build their knowledge and skills necessary for starting and running a business. The mentioned programme can be implemented in a traditional way, through a software platform for innovative management, as well as through Google apps. This paper discusses the possibility of implementing an innovative start-up programme relying on Google apps, based on the practical realization of one such programme implemented by the authors working with the users of regional innovation start-up centers in Serbia.
{"title":"INNOVATIVE START-UP TRAINING PROGRAMME BASED ON GOOGLE APPS","authors":"M. Krstić, G. Lapčević, Zorana Nikitović","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Entrepreneurship is important for every economy as it encourages economic growth, self-employment and the creation of new jobs, as well as the development of innovations, all of which lead to social well-being. Entrepreneurship is a human activity of practical application of knowledge and skills with a high degree of manifestation of individual abilities. To succeed in establishing a new business entity, it is important to carry out specialized innovative start-up training aimed at preparing people who want to become entrepreneurs, including active entrepreneurs, and which is carried out in order to build their knowledge and skills necessary for starting and running a business. The mentioned programme can be implemented in a traditional way, through a software platform for innovative management, as well as through Google apps. This paper discusses the possibility of implementing an innovative start-up programme relying on Google apps, based on the practical realization of one such programme implemented by the authors working with the users of regional innovation start-up centers in Serbia.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90296123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The act of fraud has been practiced since ancient times and manifests itself in different ways. The aim of the study is to apply the Beneish score on Romanian firms and to identify which indicators are sensitive to the state of fraud. The sample was selected from the Bucharest Stock Exchange and consists of 66 companies traded on the main market for the years 2016-2021. The collected data were analyzed year-by-year and cross-sectional methods (panel data) using manually collected information extracted from financial statements downloaded from the Bucharest Stock Exchange. Based on this data, the Beneish score was calculated and then statistical tests were performed. Using the obtained results from the Beneish Score calculation, we were able to divide the companies into two groups. The obtained scores, clearly underlines the two states: fraud and non-fraud. The ones in the fraud state have a decreased score, while the companies with no likelihood of fraud risk have lower scores. To further investigate our results, we identified sensitive items in both states such as DSRI (Days Sales Receivable Index) and GMI (Gross Margin Index). In conclusion, several theories or hypotheses are offered to explain the underlying motivations for fraud appearance. Romanian companies listed on regulated markets can be classified into risk groups in terms of fraudulent financial statements by applying the Beneish score. The results of the present study are in the interests of the policy makers, management team, business analysist and as well for the general use.
{"title":"SELECTING INDICATORS OF PREDICTING FRAUD RISK. CASE STUDY FOR ROMANIAN BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Ioana Lavinia SAFTA (PLEȘA), Andrada-Ioana Sabău (Popa), S. Borlea, Anastasia Ciubotaru","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0039","url":null,"abstract":"The act of fraud has been practiced since ancient times and manifests itself in different ways. The aim of the study is to apply the Beneish score on Romanian firms and to identify which indicators are sensitive to the state of fraud. The sample was selected from the Bucharest Stock Exchange and consists of 66 companies traded on the main market for the years 2016-2021. The collected data were analyzed year-by-year and cross-sectional methods (panel data) using manually collected information extracted from financial statements downloaded from the Bucharest Stock Exchange. Based on this data, the Beneish score was calculated and then statistical tests were performed. Using the obtained results from the Beneish Score calculation, we were able to divide the companies into two groups. The obtained scores, clearly underlines the two states: fraud and non-fraud. The ones in the fraud state have a decreased score, while the companies with no likelihood of fraud risk have lower scores. To further investigate our results, we identified sensitive items in both states such as DSRI (Days Sales Receivable Index) and GMI (Gross Margin Index). In conclusion, several theories or hypotheses are offered to explain the underlying motivations for fraud appearance. Romanian companies listed on regulated markets can be classified into risk groups in terms of fraudulent financial statements by applying the Beneish score. The results of the present study are in the interests of the policy makers, management team, business analysist and as well for the general use.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85862188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0037
Ilinca Mărgărita, M. Radulescu, P. Lucian
Because of the financial crisis of 2007-2009 and of the Covid pandemic, the international trade was significantly hit in terms of export flows. The whole macroeconomic context was negatively impacted during those last crises. In this paper we aimed to analyse the correlations between the trends of macroeconomic variables during the last decade and the exports of the Central and Eastern European countries. The selected macroeconomic variables are those that are significantly related to the foreign trade, namely GDP growth, inflation, public debt, public deficit, interest rate and labour productivity. These variables display a high correlation with the foreign trade expressed as exports and imports. But the correlations are not the same for all CEE countries. During crises periods, these correlations often change and each country of this CEE region reacts differently to specific external shocks. Trade was significantly and negatively impacted by the last financial crisis and by Covid pandemic crisis, while economic growth rates, inflation rates, labour productivity public finances and interest rates have different trends in the CEE region according to specific conditions of each country and the measures adopted by the national authorities in time of crises. Based on the correlations between the trends of the macroeconomic variables and the developments of exports in this area, we can design some important policy recommendations for the economic policy which needs to be implemented in those countries to overcome these difficulties generated by the increasing commercial deficits during the last decade.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF MACROECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS ON EXPORTS OF THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES","authors":"Ilinca Mărgărita, M. Radulescu, P. Lucian","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the financial crisis of 2007-2009 and of the Covid pandemic, the international trade was significantly hit in terms of export flows. The whole macroeconomic context was negatively impacted during those last crises. In this paper we aimed to analyse the correlations between the trends of macroeconomic variables during the last decade and the exports of the Central and Eastern European countries. The selected macroeconomic variables are those that are significantly related to the foreign trade, namely GDP growth, inflation, public debt, public deficit, interest rate and labour productivity. These variables display a high correlation with the foreign trade expressed as exports and imports. But the correlations are not the same for all CEE countries. During crises periods, these correlations often change and each country of this CEE region reacts differently to specific external shocks. Trade was significantly and negatively impacted by the last financial crisis and by Covid pandemic crisis, while economic growth rates, inflation rates, labour productivity public finances and interest rates have different trends in the CEE region according to specific conditions of each country and the measures adopted by the national authorities in time of crises. Based on the correlations between the trends of the macroeconomic variables and the developments of exports in this area, we can design some important policy recommendations for the economic policy which needs to be implemented in those countries to overcome these difficulties generated by the increasing commercial deficits during the last decade.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79724073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0040
R. Șerbu, Adrian-Nicolae Iancu, E. Rotar
The increasing recognition by investors of the importance of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors in decision-making has led to a growing interconnection between sustainability and the financial market. The paper presents an engaging correlation between the ratio of two instruments, Gold Futures and Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (VIX), both associated with market sentiment and S&P 500 ESG Index from Chicago Board Options Exchange. The aim of the research is to find whether there is a precedence effect or predictive causality between the variables mentioned above and the goal is to help determine inflection points on S&P 500 ESG Index evolution more precisely and to see if changes in Gold Futures/VIX ratio, an indicator of changes in market sentiment can impact S&P 500 ESG Index, a market-cap-weighted index with broad coverage created to gauge the performance of securities that meet sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500. This ESG index aims to provide a comprehensive measure of sustainability-focused investment opportunities that are aligned with the broader market, enabling investors to diversify their portfolios while investing in sustainable companies. The methodology used to construct the index ensures that the industry group weights of the sustainability index are similar those of the S&P 500, allowing for easy comparisons between the two. Overall, this research explores the relations between market sentiments, indexes, and achieving sustainability objectives while also meeting investors financial goals.
{"title":"A POSSIBLE PREDICTIVE CAUSALITY BETWEEN THE NEW GLOBAL TREND, ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE (ESG) AND MARKET SENTIMENT THROUGH “GOLD FUTURES/VIX” RATIO","authors":"R. Șerbu, Adrian-Nicolae Iancu, E. Rotar","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing recognition by investors of the importance of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors in decision-making has led to a growing interconnection between sustainability and the financial market. The paper presents an engaging correlation between the ratio of two instruments, Gold Futures and Chicago Board Options Exchange Volatility Index (VIX), both associated with market sentiment and S&P 500 ESG Index from Chicago Board Options Exchange. The aim of the research is to find whether there is a precedence effect or predictive causality between the variables mentioned above and the goal is to help determine inflection points on S&P 500 ESG Index evolution more precisely and to see if changes in Gold Futures/VIX ratio, an indicator of changes in market sentiment can impact S&P 500 ESG Index, a market-cap-weighted index with broad coverage created to gauge the performance of securities that meet sustainability criteria, while maintaining similar overall industry group weights as the S&P 500. This ESG index aims to provide a comprehensive measure of sustainability-focused investment opportunities that are aligned with the broader market, enabling investors to diversify their portfolios while investing in sustainable companies. The methodology used to construct the index ensures that the industry group weights of the sustainability index are similar those of the S&P 500, allowing for easy comparisons between the two. Overall, this research explores the relations between market sentiments, indexes, and achieving sustainability objectives while also meeting investors financial goals.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90439183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0038
Ramona Orăștean, Raluca Sava, S. Mărginean
E-health represents an important tool for improving quality and accessibility of healthcare for citizens. The EU4Health is the core health policy for 2021-2027 in European Union and one key dimension in the implementation of this program is digitalisation. The purpose of our study is to show the differences and progress among the EU member states in e-health adoption and healthcare digitalisation. The premise of the research is that the indicators used in most available studies are relevant for the first stage of the e-health adoption, and there are many focused on specific areas or age groups. In this context, we aim to provide a deeper and broader image on e-health adoption and healthcare digitalisation in EU countries, by analysing 4 indicators for the period 2016-2022: seeking online information about health, making an appointment with a practitioner via a website, accessing personal health records online, using internet for other health services via a website or app instead of having to go to the hospital or visit a doctor. These were selected considering the literature and data availability. The conclusion is that internet use for health-related purposes lags the use for other personal services. Also, the internet use is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for accessing healthcare services online. Although the trends are similar, there are still significant differences among EU countries related to the e-health adoption, and catch-up national policies could be the answer to the main challenge - avoiding the digital divide in health services.
{"title":"MEASURING HEALTHCARE DIGITALISATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: TRENDS AND CHALLENGES","authors":"Ramona Orăștean, Raluca Sava, S. Mărginean","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0038","url":null,"abstract":"E-health represents an important tool for improving quality and accessibility of healthcare for citizens. The EU4Health is the core health policy for 2021-2027 in European Union and one key dimension in the implementation of this program is digitalisation. The purpose of our study is to show the differences and progress among the EU member states in e-health adoption and healthcare digitalisation. The premise of the research is that the indicators used in most available studies are relevant for the first stage of the e-health adoption, and there are many focused on specific areas or age groups. In this context, we aim to provide a deeper and broader image on e-health adoption and healthcare digitalisation in EU countries, by analysing 4 indicators for the period 2016-2022: seeking online information about health, making an appointment with a practitioner via a website, accessing personal health records online, using internet for other health services via a website or app instead of having to go to the hospital or visit a doctor. These were selected considering the literature and data availability. The conclusion is that internet use for health-related purposes lags the use for other personal services. Also, the internet use is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for accessing healthcare services online. Although the trends are similar, there are still significant differences among EU countries related to the e-health adoption, and catch-up national policies could be the answer to the main challenge - avoiding the digital divide in health services.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85728497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0036
Alexandra-Gabriela Marina
Research on the harmonization of financial reporting of SMEs worldwide is currently focusing on the global application of IFRS for SMEs as an alternative for the financial reporting of entities whose securities are not listed on a regulated market. Several principles of recognition and valuation of assets have been simplified as a result of revisions made to the entire set of IFRS standards in order to meet the specific demands of small and medium-sized entities (SMEs) in meeting the information needs of readers of financial statements. The proposed goal was reached through the application of the historical research methodology, which involved an examination of the background and development of the IASB s project on the financial reporting of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as subsequent events following the first and second revisions of the standard. Starting in 2000, when the first discussions about the need for a distinct standard for small and medium-sized entities emerged, to March 2021, when the feedback received following the second Request for Information for revision, the time period studied covered a number of significant events, taking into account that this provides a better understanding of the evolution of the IFRS standard for SMEs. Hence, three time periods were examined: the standard s pre-publication period (2000–2009), its first revision (2009–2015), and its second revision (2019-2021).
{"title":"IFRS FOR SMEs: EVOLUTION AND DISCUSSIONS","authors":"Alexandra-Gabriela Marina","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the harmonization of financial reporting of SMEs worldwide is currently focusing on the global application of IFRS for SMEs as an alternative for the financial reporting of entities whose securities are not listed on a regulated market. Several principles of recognition and valuation of assets have been simplified as a result of revisions made to the entire set of IFRS standards in order to meet the specific demands of small and medium-sized entities (SMEs) in meeting the information needs of readers of financial statements. The proposed goal was reached through the application of the historical research methodology, which involved an examination of the background and development of the IASB s project on the financial reporting of small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as subsequent events following the first and second revisions of the standard. Starting in 2000, when the first discussions about the need for a distinct standard for small and medium-sized entities emerged, to March 2021, when the feedback received following the second Request for Information for revision, the time period studied covered a number of significant events, taking into account that this provides a better understanding of the evolution of the IFRS standard for SMEs. Hence, three time periods were examined: the standard s pre-publication period (2000–2009), its first revision (2009–2015), and its second revision (2019-2021).","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86999044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.56043/reveco-2022-0032
Carmina Elena Constantinescu, L. Constantinescu, Camelia Dragomir, I. Tache
An integrated banking risk management system presupposes the existence and functionality of policies, procedures and tools designed to identify, assess and eliminate/assume the risk to which the banking institution is exposed. There is a set of specific operations and procedures that generate banking risk. In addition, banking companies have to deal with risks that are not specific to them. With the national and international expansion of electronic credit system, financial markets have become much more fragile, the degree of uncertainty has increased, adding to all this the multiplication of risks specific to the financial-banking system due to the pandemic crisis. Therefore, the most common cause of losses and insolvency of credit institutions is due to the difficulty of dealing with events that may occur but have not been foreseen, as is the case with the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we conducted a research targeting banking companies in the current crisis circumstances, analysing the issue of risk management in credit institutions. This approach is the basic pillar of this paper, which, in addition to the traditional aspects of banking management, also considers how the challenges and critical issues during crises become a test of competence for managers in order to overcome less predictable situations. The scientific approach undertaken focuses on the liquidity risk in credit institutions derived from studying the activity of the Cooperative Bank UNIREA Brașov. This paper concludes that, in the context of the global financial crisis and the pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, there have been major changes in the operating environment of the credit institutions and indicates a reassessment of the techniques and methods applied in banking management.
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