Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00020
L. Laxmi, H. Sulthana, T. Shirisha, B. Himaja
The present study was performed to evaluate the Antiulcer activity of Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves (MEAC) in Albino rats. Antiulcer activity of MEAC was investigated by using Ethanol induced gastric mucosal damage and Pylorous ligated gastric ulcers. Evaluation was done on both models comparing with reference standard Omeprazole (20mg/kg). The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer for pylorus ligation method were volume gastric secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. In vivo studies were carried on the plant extract and results were found that protection of the Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves against characteristic lesions may be due to both reduction in gastric acid secretion and gastric cycloprotein and this may be due to the presence of Flavanoids. In this study we observed that, Methanolic extract of leaves of Allium cepa (MEAC) provides significant antiulcer activity against gastric ulcers in rats. The result of MEAC showed significant reduction in the ulcer index, when compared to control. The antiulcer activity extract may be attributed to their flavanoids content and antioxidant property. These findings indicate that MEAC display potential antiulcerogenic activity.
{"title":"Gastroprotective Activity of Aerial Leaves of Allium cepa","authors":"L. Laxmi, H. Sulthana, T. Shirisha, B. Himaja","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00020","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was performed to evaluate the Antiulcer activity of Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves (MEAC) in Albino rats. Antiulcer activity of MEAC was investigated by using Ethanol induced gastric mucosal damage and Pylorous ligated gastric ulcers. Evaluation was done on both models comparing with reference standard Omeprazole (20mg/kg). The parameters taken to assess anti-ulcer for pylorus ligation method were volume gastric secretion, pH, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. In vivo studies were carried on the plant extract and results were found that protection of the Methanolic extract of Allium cepa leaves against characteristic lesions may be due to both reduction in gastric acid secretion and gastric cycloprotein and this may be due to the presence of Flavanoids. In this study we observed that, Methanolic extract of leaves of Allium cepa (MEAC) provides significant antiulcer activity against gastric ulcers in rats. The result of MEAC showed significant reduction in the ulcer index, when compared to control. The antiulcer activity extract may be attributed to their flavanoids content and antioxidant property. These findings indicate that MEAC display potential antiulcerogenic activity.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83444549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00029
M. Allaoui, O. Rahim, B. Labed, Ibtissem Bellaoueur, Bochra Benabed
Green corrosion inhibitors are biodegradable and free of heavy metals. Some research groups have reported the successful use of naturally occurring substances to inhibit the corrosion of metals in acidic and alkaline environments. Among the various eco-friendly inhibitors, plant extracts are becoming more and more popular. In this study, the inhibitive and adsorption properties of the flower extract of Rumex viscarius L. as corrosion inhibitors of the carbon steel XC70 in the 1N; HCl and H2SO4 medium were investigated using the weight loss method of monitoring corrosion. The significance of the corrosion inhibition in the 1N; HCl and H2SO4 medium has been discussed. The corrosion rate was found to decrease with an increase in the concentration of both inhibitors in an acidic medium. But the corrosion rates were observed to be increased in the presence of inhibitors in an HCl medium. The maximum inhibition efficiency in H2SO4 and HCl was found to be 95.58 and 91.58% with 12.5% (v/v) concentrations of the inhibitor, respectively. The adsorption mechanism between the extract and the carbon steel substrate is found to obey Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. We also studied the impact of temperature on the corrosion, with non-attendance and attendance the optimum concentration in the temperature range from 265 to 353 K.
{"title":"Comparison of Inhibition and Adsorption of a Flower extract of Rumex vesicarius L. on the Corrosion of carbon steel in acid media 1 N; HCl and H2SO4","authors":"M. Allaoui, O. Rahim, B. Labed, Ibtissem Bellaoueur, Bochra Benabed","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00029","url":null,"abstract":"Green corrosion inhibitors are biodegradable and free of heavy metals. Some research groups have reported the successful use of naturally occurring substances to inhibit the corrosion of metals in acidic and alkaline environments. Among the various eco-friendly inhibitors, plant extracts are becoming more and more popular. In this study, the inhibitive and adsorption properties of the flower extract of Rumex viscarius L. as corrosion inhibitors of the carbon steel XC70 in the 1N; HCl and H2SO4 medium were investigated using the weight loss method of monitoring corrosion. The significance of the corrosion inhibition in the 1N; HCl and H2SO4 medium has been discussed. The corrosion rate was found to decrease with an increase in the concentration of both inhibitors in an acidic medium. But the corrosion rates were observed to be increased in the presence of inhibitors in an HCl medium. The maximum inhibition efficiency in H2SO4 and HCl was found to be 95.58 and 91.58% with 12.5% (v/v) concentrations of the inhibitor, respectively. The adsorption mechanism between the extract and the carbon steel substrate is found to obey Langmuir and Temkin isotherms. We also studied the impact of temperature on the corrosion, with non-attendance and attendance the optimum concentration in the temperature range from 265 to 353 K.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85909366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00024
C. Marimuthu, J. Murugan, Sruthi Sukumar, Ahamadabdul Quadir Buhari Khaleel
The main objective of this study relates to simple and economic process with stepwise enzymes treatment for the cost effective production of ethanol from Bagasse waste and Egg albumin waste. Sugarcane Bagasse waste was selected as inexpensive cellulosic feed stock, which has the general composition of 40-45% cellulose, 28-10% hemicellulose, and 19-21% lignin. Removal of lignin, tannin, to lose the bagasse fiber matrix by chemical treatment and stage wise addition of neutral and acid cellulose to facilitate release of reducing sugars by enzymatic treatment. Apparently the production of inexpensive sterile organic nitrogen from egg albumin waste with neutral protease and peptidase by enzymatic process. The obtained C: N was mixed in the ratio of 3:1used for the cost effective production of Ethanol from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Further this study includes the unhydrolysed part of Bagasse processing for the production of insoluble cellulose fiber as dietary supplement. 50 % reducing sugars recovered from Sugarcane Bagasse by chemical-enzyme coupled treatment and 90 % free amino acids recovered from albumin protein by enzyme treatment. 3:1 ratio of Carbohydrate: Nitrogen mixed in definite proportion inoculated with yeast enhances the conversion of ethanol to 79g/L yield on batch mode.
{"title":"Shake Flask Studies on Ethanol Production from Hydrolyze Bagasse and Egg Albumin Waste by using Enzymes and Chemicals","authors":"C. Marimuthu, J. Murugan, Sruthi Sukumar, Ahamadabdul Quadir Buhari Khaleel","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00024","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study relates to simple and economic process with stepwise enzymes treatment for the cost effective production of ethanol from Bagasse waste and Egg albumin waste. Sugarcane Bagasse waste was selected as inexpensive cellulosic feed stock, which has the general composition of 40-45% cellulose, 28-10% hemicellulose, and 19-21% lignin. Removal of lignin, tannin, to lose the bagasse fiber matrix by chemical treatment and stage wise addition of neutral and acid cellulose to facilitate release of reducing sugars by enzymatic treatment. Apparently the production of inexpensive sterile organic nitrogen from egg albumin waste with neutral protease and peptidase by enzymatic process. The obtained C: N was mixed in the ratio of 3:1used for the cost effective production of Ethanol from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Further this study includes the unhydrolysed part of Bagasse processing for the production of insoluble cellulose fiber as dietary supplement. 50 % reducing sugars recovered from Sugarcane Bagasse by chemical-enzyme coupled treatment and 90 % free amino acids recovered from albumin protein by enzyme treatment. 3:1 ratio of Carbohydrate: Nitrogen mixed in definite proportion inoculated with yeast enhances the conversion of ethanol to 79g/L yield on batch mode.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86037361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00027
Manoharreddy Epuru, Ravinder Reddy V, Nagarjuna Reddy P, Kishore Ravada, J. Kashanna, V. V. N. Kishore Pilli
Background: This study was designed for the estimation of escitalopram oxalte and atazanavir sulphate in the experimental tablet formulation. The separation was performed at 210 nm by using Inertsil ODS 3V (250 * 4.6 mm, 5.0 m) column and acetonitrile/phosphate buffer (pH =3.55) as the eluent under isocratic elution conditions at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Results: Escitalopram oxalate and atazanavir sulphate peaks were eluted at 2.636 and 3.319 minutes and no interference was observed in the diluent blank at the respective retention times, indicating that the developed method was specific and selective. A linear relationship was found for escitalopram oxalte (2.5 - 15 µg mL-1) and atazanavir sulphate (30 - 150.0 µg mL-1), with coefficient of regression greater than 0.999. Based on the RSD values (< 2.0%) and recovery results (> 98%), the developed method is accurate. At room temperature and in the refrigerated conditions, standard and sample solutions of escitalopram oxalate and atazanavir sulphate have been found to be stable for 48 hours. Conclusion: The established method is linear, precise, accurate, specific, and robust in the studied concentration range. Accordingly, the proposed method can be applied to the analysis of experimental tablet formulations as well as bulk drug samples.
{"title":"RP-HPLC Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Estimation of Escitalopram Oxalate and Atazanavir Sulphate in Bulk and Dosage Form","authors":"Manoharreddy Epuru, Ravinder Reddy V, Nagarjuna Reddy P, Kishore Ravada, J. Kashanna, V. V. N. Kishore Pilli","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00027","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study was designed for the estimation of escitalopram oxalte and atazanavir sulphate in the experimental tablet formulation. The separation was performed at 210 nm by using Inertsil ODS 3V (250 * 4.6 mm, 5.0 m) column and acetonitrile/phosphate buffer (pH =3.55) as the eluent under isocratic elution conditions at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. \u0000Results: Escitalopram oxalate and atazanavir sulphate peaks were eluted at 2.636 and 3.319 minutes and no interference was observed in the diluent blank at the respective retention times, indicating that the developed method was specific and selective. A linear relationship was found for escitalopram oxalte (2.5 - 15 µg mL-1) and atazanavir sulphate (30 - 150.0 µg mL-1), with coefficient of regression greater than 0.999. Based on the RSD values (< 2.0%) and recovery results (> 98%), the developed method is accurate. At room temperature and in the refrigerated conditions, standard and sample solutions of escitalopram oxalate and atazanavir sulphate have been found to be stable for 48 hours. \u0000Conclusion: The established method is linear, precise, accurate, specific, and robust in the studied concentration range. Accordingly, the proposed method can be applied to the analysis of experimental tablet formulations as well as bulk drug samples.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81787779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00026
A. K. Singh
The acid catalyzed hydrolysis of butyl formate in presence of 0.1N-HCI in water and the presence of water-DMSO mixture containing up to 30-70% (v/v) was studied over the temperature ranging from 20-400C. The rate of reaction decreases with decrease of water content of the solvent mixture and reached minima at about 70% of organic solvent. The number of water molecule associated with activated complex was showing decrease in trend with increase of temperature, is an indication of change in mechanism from unimolecular to bimolecular in reaction media. The parameters of thermodynamic activation were also calculated and discussed in terms of solvent effect with help of plots of ΔH* versus ΔS*, the isokinetic temperature was calculated and found to be greater than 300.
{"title":"Water-DMSO Co–Solvent effect and kinetics of acid catalyzed Hydrolysis of butyl formate and Influence on Activation Parameters","authors":"A. K. Singh","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00026","url":null,"abstract":"The acid catalyzed hydrolysis of butyl formate in presence of 0.1N-HCI in water and the presence of water-DMSO mixture containing up to 30-70% (v/v) was studied over the temperature ranging from 20-400C. The rate of reaction decreases with decrease of water content of the solvent mixture and reached minima at about 70% of organic solvent. The number of water molecule associated with activated complex was showing decrease in trend with increase of temperature, is an indication of change in mechanism from unimolecular to bimolecular in reaction media. The parameters of thermodynamic activation were also calculated and discussed in terms of solvent effect with help of plots of ΔH* versus ΔS*, the isokinetic temperature was calculated and found to be greater than 300.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74008227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00017
Sujit S. Mathakari, Vikas B Suryawanshi, Sambhaji S. Bhande, Sushil R. Mathapati
The adsorption of Sudan-III dye on various low-cost, natural west adsorbents have been studied. We have examine adsorption of Sudan-III dye with varying concentration on natural west, biomass adsorbents like rice husk, soya husk, chana (green vatana) husk and groundnut husk for fixed time adopting well known soaking method. The data obtained was studied using Freundich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The study was extended and prepared solutions were screened for PH metric and UV study. The considerable effort has been taken to minimize the toxic content using the natural waste.
{"title":"Groundnut Husk: An Operative, Natural Waste and Low Cost Adsorbents for Sudan III Dye","authors":"Sujit S. Mathakari, Vikas B Suryawanshi, Sambhaji S. Bhande, Sushil R. Mathapati","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00017","url":null,"abstract":"The adsorption of Sudan-III dye on various low-cost, natural west adsorbents have been studied. We have examine adsorption of Sudan-III dye with varying concentration on natural west, biomass adsorbents like rice husk, soya husk, chana (green vatana) husk and groundnut husk for fixed time adopting well known soaking method. The data obtained was studied using Freundich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The study was extended and prepared solutions were screened for PH metric and UV study. The considerable effort has been taken to minimize the toxic content using the natural waste.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80095327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00025
Rele Rajan V., T. Prathamesh P.
Simple sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have developed for the estimation of molnupiravir in pharmaceutical dosage form. The methods are based on the formation of coloured complexes by the drug with reagents like bromophenol blue, solochrome dark blue and bromocresol green in acidic medium. The ion associated complexes were formed and quantitatively extracted under the experimental condition in chloroform. The absorbance values were measured at 420nm, 495nm and 430nm respectively. The proposed methods were validated statistically. Recoveries of methods were carried out by standard addition methods. The linearity was found to be 1.0-12.0μg/ml, 2 -14μg/ml, 1-10μg/ml for methods 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The low values of standard deviation and percentage RSD indicate high precision of methods. Hence these methods are useful for routine estimation of molnupiravir in tablets.
{"title":"Simple Extractive Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Molnupiravir from Pharmaceutical Formulation","authors":"Rele Rajan V., T. Prathamesh P.","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00025","url":null,"abstract":"Simple sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric methods have developed for the estimation of molnupiravir in pharmaceutical dosage form. The methods are based on the formation of coloured complexes by the drug with reagents like bromophenol blue, solochrome dark blue and bromocresol green in acidic medium. The ion associated complexes were formed and quantitatively extracted under the experimental condition in chloroform. The absorbance values were measured at 420nm, 495nm and 430nm respectively. The proposed methods were validated statistically. Recoveries of methods were carried out by standard addition methods. The linearity was found to be 1.0-12.0μg/ml, 2 -14μg/ml, 1-10μg/ml for methods 1, 2 and 3 respectively. The low values of standard deviation and percentage RSD indicate high precision of methods. Hence these methods are useful for routine estimation of molnupiravir in tablets.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78480744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00018
Neeraj Kumar Verma
Halogens (X= Cl, Br), Interhalogens and halo-pseudohalogen IX (X = Cl,Br,N3,NCO), freshly generated pseudohalogen (SCN)2 interpseudohalogen XCN (X = Br, I), XSCN (X = Cl, Br) & elemental sulphur to give oxidative addition products (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (C5Cl4N)3SbIX, (C5Cl4N)3Sb(SCN)2, (C5Cl4N)3SbXSCN, and (C5Cl4N)3SbCNX. (C5Cl4N)3SbS may also be prepared by the reaction of(C5Cl4N)3SbX2¬ with H2S. Products with BrSCN and ClSCN are not stable and rearrange to give (C5Cl4N) 3¬Sb (SCN) 2 and (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (C5Cl4N)3¬SbIX undergoes metathetical reactions with metallic salt (MY) to give (C5Cl4N)3¬SbY2 and (C5Cl4N)3¬SbIY derivatives respectively (where Y = SCN, NCO, N3, OCOR, HNR2). Reductive cleavage reaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbS with Ar6Pb2 gives (C5Cl4N)3¬Sb and the corresponding (Ph3Sn)2S but treatment of (C5Cl4N)3¬SbX2(X=NCO,Cl) with Ar6Pb2 gave Ar4Pb and Ar2PbX2 together with (C5Cl4N)3Sb.Treatment of (C5Cl4N)3SbCl2 with aqueous NaN3give the binuclear oxo-bridge compounds [(C5Cl4N)3Sb-O- Sb(C5Cl4N)3](N3)2. (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (X=SCN, NCO) and (C5Cl4N)3SbIX (X=N3, NCS, NCO) are also accessible by displacements reaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbX2¬ and (C5Cl4N)3SbIX, respectively with the corresponding metallic salt. Similarily, 1:2 molar reactions of (C5Cl4N)3SbX2 with the sodium salts of amide, oxime and carboxylate moieties, NaY (Y=OCOMe2, ONCMePh, NCO(CH2)CO, OOCC6H4NH2, OOCC6H4Cl-o and OOCC6H4NO2-m) yielded disubstituded products.The interaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbCl2 and bis(tributyltin)sulphides proceeds with anionic exchange to form (C5Cl4N)3¬SbS and Bu3SnCl. The newely synthesized compounds have been formulated and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, molar conductances, molecular weights, solid state IR, and 1H, 13C NMR and UV spectral data. The physico-chemical data are consistent with five co-ordinate antimony compounds.
{"title":"On the Synthesis and Reactivity of Tris (tetrachloropyridyl) Antimony (III) and Antimony (V) Compounds","authors":"Neeraj Kumar Verma","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00018","url":null,"abstract":"Halogens (X= Cl, Br), Interhalogens and halo-pseudohalogen IX (X = Cl,Br,N3,NCO), freshly generated pseudohalogen (SCN)2 interpseudohalogen XCN (X = Br, I), XSCN (X = Cl, Br) & elemental sulphur to give oxidative addition products (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (C5Cl4N)3SbIX, (C5Cl4N)3Sb(SCN)2, (C5Cl4N)3SbXSCN, and (C5Cl4N)3SbCNX. (C5Cl4N)3SbS may also be prepared by the reaction of(C5Cl4N)3SbX2¬ with H2S. Products with BrSCN and ClSCN are not stable and rearrange to give (C5Cl4N) 3¬Sb (SCN) 2 and (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (C5Cl4N)3¬SbIX undergoes metathetical reactions with metallic salt (MY) to give (C5Cl4N)3¬SbY2 and (C5Cl4N)3¬SbIY derivatives respectively (where Y = SCN, NCO, N3, OCOR, HNR2). Reductive cleavage reaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbS with Ar6Pb2 gives (C5Cl4N)3¬Sb and the corresponding (Ph3Sn)2S but treatment of (C5Cl4N)3¬SbX2(X=NCO,Cl) with Ar6Pb2 gave Ar4Pb and Ar2PbX2 together with (C5Cl4N)3Sb.Treatment of (C5Cl4N)3SbCl2 with aqueous NaN3give the binuclear oxo-bridge compounds [(C5Cl4N)3Sb-O- Sb(C5Cl4N)3](N3)2. (C5Cl4N)3SbX2, (X=SCN, NCO) and (C5Cl4N)3SbIX (X=N3, NCS, NCO) are also accessible by displacements reaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbX2¬ and (C5Cl4N)3SbIX, respectively with the corresponding metallic salt. Similarily, 1:2 molar reactions of (C5Cl4N)3SbX2 with the sodium salts of amide, oxime and carboxylate moieties, NaY (Y=OCOMe2, ONCMePh, NCO(CH2)CO, OOCC6H4NH2, OOCC6H4Cl-o and OOCC6H4NO2-m) yielded disubstituded products.The interaction of (C5Cl4N)3SbCl2 and bis(tributyltin)sulphides proceeds with anionic exchange to form (C5Cl4N)3¬SbS and Bu3SnCl. The newely synthesized compounds have been formulated and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, molar conductances, molecular weights, solid state IR, and 1H, 13C NMR and UV spectral data. The physico-chemical data are consistent with five co-ordinate antimony compounds.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80132877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00022
Manas RANJAN SAHOO, Ramesh Raghava Varier, Anitha Rajendran, R. K
The Ayurvedic medicines are having great therapeutic application due to their natural holistic way of treatment of the disease. To ensure the effectiveness of the medicine standardization of the drug essential. Ayurvedic tailam is an important group of formulations used for treatment of various types of diseases. The principle of using tailam is better absorption of active ingredients by skin when applied through a lipophilic vehicle like vegetable oils. Marichadi Tailam is a herbal oil used for treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and dermatitis. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop and validate a HPTLC method for quantitative determination piperine in the Marichadi coconut oil and its standardization. The HTPLC separation was performed on precoated silica gel 60 F254 aluminum plate (10 × 10cm, 250μm thickness) using toluene:ethyl acetate:diethyl amine (7:2:1) as a mobile phase. The detection and quantification was performed at 340nm. The formulation contains 2.35% of piperine. Linearity studies indicated piperine in the linear ranges, while recovery studies revealed 99.32% (w/w) of piperine. The developed HPTLC method resolved and quantified piperine effectively, so it could be used as a simple reliable method for QC of polyherbal formulations.
{"title":"Standardization and Quality Control Analysis of Marichadi tailam: An Ayurvedic Formulation","authors":"Manas RANJAN SAHOO, Ramesh Raghava Varier, Anitha Rajendran, R. K","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00022","url":null,"abstract":"The Ayurvedic medicines are having great therapeutic application due to their natural holistic way of treatment of the disease. To ensure the effectiveness of the medicine standardization of the drug essential. Ayurvedic tailam is an important group of formulations used for treatment of various types of diseases. The principle of using tailam is better absorption of active ingredients by skin when applied through a lipophilic vehicle like vegetable oils. Marichadi Tailam is a herbal oil used for treatment of skin diseases such as eczema and dermatitis. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop and validate a HPTLC method for quantitative determination piperine in the Marichadi coconut oil and its standardization. The HTPLC separation was performed on precoated silica gel 60 F254 aluminum plate (10 × 10cm, 250μm thickness) using toluene:ethyl acetate:diethyl amine (7:2:1) as a mobile phase. The detection and quantification was performed at 340nm. The formulation contains 2.35% of piperine. Linearity studies indicated piperine in the linear ranges, while recovery studies revealed 99.32% (w/w) of piperine. The developed HPTLC method resolved and quantified piperine effectively, so it could be used as a simple reliable method for QC of polyherbal formulations.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88933780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00023
A. Brahimi, N. Bourouba, R. Delfouf, J. P. Martínez Jiménez, N. Bouzit
This study aim is to investigate the ternary composites dielectric behavior and experimentally validate the predictive model that simplifies ternary models into binary ones using time domain spectroscopy (TDS). The scattered white silicon dioxide (SiO2) powder was evenly mixed with barium titanate (BaTiO3 or BT) powder in the same epoxy resin (RE) matrix. Over a frequency range from DC to 30 GHz, the dielectric behavior of these composite samples is examined, adding in particular a low frequency study at 500 MHz. The BT addition grew the mixture dielectric permittivity from 3.6063 to 8.2313 and moving the resonance frequency (ƒr) in the direction of the low frequency from 26.245 GHz until 17.09 GHz. By improving the shape factor smoothing and bringing theoretical and experimental results closer together, this seeks to optimize the modified Lichtenecker's law (MLL). These findings comparison demonstrates that the MLL model applies to ternary composites (RE-BT-SiO2) with an acceptable accuracy level. Another numerical method was used to evaluate the RE-[RE-BT-SiO2] composites employing a binary mixing model based on an MLL equation that is identical to the former ternary. This model results correlate well with binary composites experimental values as well as ternaries that are modeled using this law. This research perspective lies on the production of new materials for use in microelectronics and particularly on the MOS structure oxides improvement.
{"title":"Characterization, Modeling, Experimental Validation and Dielectric Properties Studies of a Ternary Composite (RE-BaTiO3-SiO2) Using Time Domain Spectroscopy","authors":"A. Brahimi, N. Bourouba, R. Delfouf, J. P. Martínez Jiménez, N. Bouzit","doi":"10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-4150.2023.00023","url":null,"abstract":"This study aim is to investigate the ternary composites dielectric behavior and experimentally validate the predictive model that simplifies ternary models into binary ones using time domain spectroscopy (TDS). The scattered white silicon dioxide (SiO2) powder was evenly mixed with barium titanate (BaTiO3 or BT) powder in the same epoxy resin (RE) matrix. Over a frequency range from DC to 30 GHz, the dielectric behavior of these composite samples is examined, adding in particular a low frequency study at 500 MHz. The BT addition grew the mixture dielectric permittivity from 3.6063 to 8.2313 and moving the resonance frequency (ƒr) in the direction of the low frequency from 26.245 GHz until 17.09 GHz. By improving the shape factor smoothing and bringing theoretical and experimental results closer together, this seeks to optimize the modified Lichtenecker's law (MLL). These findings comparison demonstrates that the MLL model applies to ternary composites (RE-BT-SiO2) with an acceptable accuracy level. Another numerical method was used to evaluate the RE-[RE-BT-SiO2] composites employing a binary mixing model based on an MLL equation that is identical to the former ternary. This model results correlate well with binary composites experimental values as well as ternaries that are modeled using this law. This research perspective lies on the production of new materials for use in microelectronics and particularly on the MOS structure oxides improvement.","PeriodicalId":8550,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76917380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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