In the present study, groundwater samples were analysed to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking use in Chikkaballapura taluk (CBT) in 2019. The tests were conducted on the groundwater twice a year, during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The results of 12 physico chemical parameters were used for the calculation of the water quality index (WQI). ArcGIS was used in the study to plot the spatial variation of chloride, nitrate, and fluoride. In urban areas, WQI ranged from 42.94 to 204 during the pre-monsoon season and from 62.67 to 153.93 during the post-monsoon season. Similarly, in rural areas, WQI ranged from 47.78 to 245.98 during the pre-monsoon season and from 35.92 to 405.63 during the post-monsoon season. The results of the WQI show that most samples fall into poor water categories according to the quality rating scale. Also, the results revealed that both in Chikkaballapura rural (CBR) and Chikkaballapura urban (CBU), most of the groundwater samples exceeded the drinking water quality limits during the pre-monsoon season when compared to the post-monsoon season. High levels of fluoride were found in Thippanahalli, Doddapailagurki, Poshettihalli, Kuppahalli, Mandikal and Ajjivara grama panchayaths and a significantly high concentration of nitrate was found in Addagallu and Manchanabele grama panchayaths during the pre-monsoon season in CBR. It was suggested that constant monitoring of groundwater quality in contaminated areas be carried out to prevent further deterioration and related problems and that rainwater harvesting practices be encouraged to help reduce the load on urban and rural water supply systems.
{"title":"Evaluation of Groundwater Suitability for Drinking Purposes Using GIS and WQI in Chikkaballapura Taluk, Karnataka, India","authors":"Sridhara Malur Krishnappa, Sadashivaiah Channabasavaiah, Kiran Dasalukunte Ananda","doi":"10.3233/ajw230075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230075","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, groundwater samples were analysed to determine the suitability of groundwater for drinking use in Chikkaballapura taluk (CBT) in 2019. The tests were conducted on the groundwater twice a year, during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The results of 12 physico chemical parameters were used for the calculation of the water quality index (WQI). ArcGIS was used in the study to plot the spatial variation of chloride, nitrate, and fluoride. In urban areas, WQI ranged from 42.94 to 204 during the pre-monsoon season and from 62.67 to 153.93 during the post-monsoon season. Similarly, in rural areas, WQI ranged from 47.78 to 245.98 during the pre-monsoon season and from 35.92 to 405.63 during the post-monsoon season. The results of the WQI show that most samples fall into poor water categories according to the quality rating scale. Also, the results revealed that both in Chikkaballapura rural (CBR) and Chikkaballapura urban (CBU), most of the groundwater samples exceeded the drinking water quality limits during the pre-monsoon season when compared to the post-monsoon season. High levels of fluoride were found in Thippanahalli, Doddapailagurki, Poshettihalli, Kuppahalli, Mandikal and Ajjivara grama panchayaths and a significantly high concentration of nitrate was found in Addagallu and Manchanabele grama panchayaths during the pre-monsoon season in CBR. It was suggested that constant monitoring of groundwater quality in contaminated areas be carried out to prevent further deterioration and related problems and that rainwater harvesting practices be encouraged to help reduce the load on urban and rural water supply systems.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139231196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Baskar, K.R. Aswin Sidhaarth, L. Mangaleshwaran
The present communication investigated the sustainable utilization of the clamshell waste powder (CSP) for eliminating mercury through fixed bed adsorption. This CSP is freshly prepared and packed in a stable multi-port column. Their breakthrough performance in the column is evaluated by varying its bed depth (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min) and flow rate (8, 10 and 12 mL/min). The CSP column’s design parameters and kinetic behavior are estimated from its breakthrough curve and validated using column models. The results revealed that slow saturation of the CSP bed and maximum adsorption capacity (2.8 mg/g) occurred at lower column depth (5 cm) and elevated influent flow rates (12 mL/min). Moreover, the mass transfer zone exhibited fluctuations with elevated column depth, indicating the presence of non-ideal conditions. The YN model showed superior fitness for mercury removal using CSP. The dynamic studies showed that CSP is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, biocompatible and sustainable adsorbent that can be successfully employed for treating industrial effluent.
{"title":"Utilisation of Clamshell Waste for Removing Mercury From Water: Fixed Bed Adsorption and Modelling Studies","authors":"S. Baskar, K.R. Aswin Sidhaarth, L. Mangaleshwaran","doi":"10.3233/ajw230082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230082","url":null,"abstract":"The present communication investigated the sustainable utilization of the clamshell waste powder (CSP) for eliminating mercury through fixed bed adsorption. This CSP is freshly prepared and packed in a stable multi-port column. Their breakthrough performance in the column is evaluated by varying its bed depth (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 min) and flow rate (8, 10 and 12 mL/min). The CSP column’s design parameters and kinetic behavior are estimated from its breakthrough curve and validated using column models. The results revealed that slow saturation of the CSP bed and maximum adsorption capacity (2.8 mg/g) occurred at lower column depth (5 cm) and elevated influent flow rates (12 mL/min). Moreover, the mass transfer zone exhibited fluctuations with elevated column depth, indicating the presence of non-ideal conditions. The YN model showed superior fitness for mercury removal using CSP. The dynamic studies showed that CSP is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, biocompatible and sustainable adsorbent that can be successfully employed for treating industrial effluent.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The presence of heavy metals in medicinal plants (MP) is a matter of serious concern as it directly affects human health. In India, the problem is especially significant since the country is a major consumer as well as exporter of medicinal plant-based raw materials and products. Raw material available in the market is often reported to contain traces of heavy metals and these consequently compromise the quality of medicinal plants-based medicinal formulations. In the present study, the reports of heavy metals in MP from India were collated to ascertain the extent of the problem and highlight the source of contamination. The states with the highest number of metals above permissible limits included Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Delhi, Kerala, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh. The levels of Cd and Cr metals were found to be the highest in Rajasthan, Odisha, Pb in Kerala and Hg, As in the state of Tamil Nadu. Plants growing in areas having mining activities as well as those growing on urban landscapes such as along roadsides or areas having an inflow of industrial effluents or agricultural run-off showed higher metal content than the standard limit. The presence of metals in natural habitats such as the mangroves and low lands of the Himalayan range was also noted. The review provides an insight into the magnitude of the issue, its causes and the possible lacuna that needs to be addressed to mitigate the problem.
{"title":"Heavy Metal Contamination of Medicinal Plants in India – A Perspective","authors":"Suman Rani, Rama Sisodia","doi":"10.3233/ajw230074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230074","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of heavy metals in medicinal plants (MP) is a matter of serious concern as it directly affects human health. In India, the problem is especially significant since the country is a major consumer as well as exporter of medicinal plant-based raw materials and products. Raw material available in the market is often reported to contain traces of heavy metals and these consequently compromise the quality of medicinal plants-based medicinal formulations. In the present study, the reports of heavy metals in MP from India were collated to ascertain the extent of the problem and highlight the source of contamination. The states with the highest number of metals above permissible limits included Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Delhi, Kerala, Karnataka, and Uttar Pradesh. The levels of Cd and Cr metals were found to be the highest in Rajasthan, Odisha, Pb in Kerala and Hg, As in the state of Tamil Nadu. Plants growing in areas having mining activities as well as those growing on urban landscapes such as along roadsides or areas having an inflow of industrial effluents or agricultural run-off showed higher metal content than the standard limit. The presence of metals in natural habitats such as the mangroves and low lands of the Himalayan range was also noted. The review provides an insight into the magnitude of the issue, its causes and the possible lacuna that needs to be addressed to mitigate the problem.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. S. Abdul-Majeed, S. Al-Dawery, Saada Al Shukaili, Chandramouli Thotireddy, Ibrahim Al Amri
In this study, we present our findings from examining a gas lift tower for produced and tap water de-oxygenation, applying the nitrogen purging at an ultra-fine bubble scale (18 μm average size). The experiments were conducted for produced water samples grafted with polyacrylamide concentration 300 ppm with a measured bulk viscosity of 5 mPa.s. Upon applying a series of experimental sets, 0 ppm DO was attained in all examined operational schemes (semi batch and once through) within various time limits, depending on the water level in the column. Considering the zero DO level as an objective function, the results showed an improvement of 5.7–14 folds in reaching the 0 ppm DO upon experimenting with the ultra-fine bubble purging in different schemes, compared with of the results obtained from the ordinary bubble size (mm scale). The results show that DO reached < 10 ppb within 23 minutes with nitrogen flowrate 3 L/min while DO reaching < 10 ppb within 28 minutes with nitrogen flowrate 5 L/min. Furthermore, implementing the ultra-fine bubble nitrogen purging was successful in running the de-oxygenation tower in a full continuous mode at a balanced inlet/outlet water flow rate. This has been done after reaching stability in the column operation (lasting around 1 hour for 422 L of examined water sample). The stable fine bubbles cloud in the column was quite efficient in treating water influent stream to be exited directly at 0 ppm DO within the same effluent flow rate. The treatment efficiency has shown an increase with increasing water level in the column, resulting in a denser layer/cloud of fine bubbles. This result suggests a unique approach/solution for the complete removal of DO from produced water, which is accounted effective to be adopted industrially
{"title":"Application of Ultra Fine Bubbles for Deoxygenation of Produced Water and Tap Water via Nitrogen Purging Scheme","authors":"W. S. Abdul-Majeed, S. Al-Dawery, Saada Al Shukaili, Chandramouli Thotireddy, Ibrahim Al Amri","doi":"10.3233/ajw230077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230077","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present our findings from examining a gas lift tower for produced and tap water de-oxygenation, applying the nitrogen purging at an ultra-fine bubble scale (18 μm average size). The experiments were conducted for produced water samples grafted with polyacrylamide concentration 300 ppm with a measured bulk viscosity of 5 mPa.s. Upon applying a series of experimental sets, 0 ppm DO was attained in all examined operational schemes (semi batch and once through) within various time limits, depending on the water level in the column. Considering the zero DO level as an objective function, the results showed an improvement of 5.7–14 folds in reaching the 0 ppm DO upon experimenting with the ultra-fine bubble purging in different schemes, compared with of the results obtained from the ordinary bubble size (mm scale). The results show that DO reached < 10 ppb within 23 minutes with nitrogen flowrate 3 L/min while DO reaching < 10 ppb within 28 minutes with nitrogen flowrate 5 L/min. Furthermore, implementing the ultra-fine bubble nitrogen purging was successful in running the de-oxygenation tower in a full continuous mode at a balanced inlet/outlet water flow rate. This has been done after reaching stability in the column operation (lasting around 1 hour for 422 L of examined water sample). The stable fine bubbles cloud in the column was quite efficient in treating water influent stream to be exited directly at 0 ppm DO within the same effluent flow rate. The treatment efficiency has shown an increase with increasing water level in the column, resulting in a denser layer/cloud of fine bubbles. This result suggests a unique approach/solution for the complete removal of DO from produced water, which is accounted effective to be adopted industrially","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This academic paper embraces a politically theoretical discourse to examine the research gap from Governance concepts to the water and lake frameworks. It explains and understands the idea of Lake Governance and its central constituents: the collective people, development, conservation, and the Government. Governance’s concept is entrenched, and the water and lake frameworks are complicated, making the lake’s conceptualisation challenging to grasp and comprehend fully. This article asserts that: (i) Lake Governance is more suitable as this concept is simplicity, parsimony, and essential to understand and utilise. (ii) Lake Governance’s conceptualisation should be centered on contributing the scholarly literature and more so recognised and established in the lakes’ discourse. (iii) Government is crucial, the utmost consequential in Lake Governance, where this central position interlocks the collective people in development and the lake in conservation.
{"title":"Governance Concepts, Frameworks and Lake Governance’s Conceptualisation","authors":"Bing Baltazar C. Brillo","doi":"10.3233/ajw230073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230073","url":null,"abstract":"This academic paper embraces a politically theoretical discourse to examine the research gap from Governance concepts to the water and lake frameworks. It explains and understands the idea of Lake Governance and its central constituents: the collective people, development, conservation, and the Government. Governance’s concept is entrenched, and the water and lake frameworks are complicated, making the lake’s conceptualisation challenging to grasp and comprehend fully. This article asserts that: (i) Lake Governance is more suitable as this concept is simplicity, parsimony, and essential to understand and utilise. (ii) Lake Governance’s conceptualisation should be centered on contributing the scholarly literature and more so recognised and established in the lakes’ discourse. (iii) Government is crucial, the utmost consequential in Lake Governance, where this central position interlocks the collective people in development and the lake in conservation.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139230912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the ability of nanocomposite hydrogels (NaCMC-g-AAc/COOH-MWCNTs) to adsorb Pb(II) ions, an environmental pollutant. The characterisation of the hydrogel and nanocomposite was achieved using FTIR, FESEM, XRD and TGA techniques, XRD techniques. Adsorption studies showed that equilibrium was reached after 120 minutes with a removal efficiency of 82%. Many factors were also studied, as the results indicated that the adsorption equality was of the (S4) type according to Giles’ classification, and the adsorption parallels for Pb (II) ions matched the Freundlich adsorption model. The absorption process was found to be endothermic, with absorption increasing with increasing temperature. Positive content and entropy are noted, as well as negative free energy, indicating the physical and spontaneous nature of the process.
{"title":"Kinetic, Isotherm, and Thermodynamic Modeling of Pb(II) Heavy Metals Removal from Aqueous Solutions Using Hydrogel-MWCNTs Nanocomposites","authors":"Zainab R. Maktof, Nadher D Radia","doi":"10.3233/ajw230081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230081","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the ability of nanocomposite hydrogels (NaCMC-g-AAc/COOH-MWCNTs) to adsorb Pb(II) ions, an environmental pollutant. The characterisation of the hydrogel and nanocomposite was achieved using FTIR, FESEM, XRD and TGA techniques, XRD techniques. Adsorption studies showed that equilibrium was reached after 120 minutes with a removal efficiency of 82%. Many factors were also studied, as the results indicated that the adsorption equality was of the (S4) type according to Giles’ classification, and the adsorption parallels for Pb (II) ions matched the Freundlich adsorption model. The absorption process was found to be endothermic, with absorption increasing with increasing temperature. Positive content and entropy are noted, as well as negative free energy, indicating the physical and spontaneous nature of the process.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139233985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A test was done to see if the medicinal herbs ginger and cinnamon would stop Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli from growing when their water and alcohol extracts were applied, additionally examined the bacterial isolates’ susceptibility to the medicines ampicillin and amoxicillin. To identify the concentrations in which the bacteria displayed their development, gradient concentrations of each plant extract were utilised, which yielded vitality almost equivalent to the control group. The alcoholic extracts had less activity in comparison with aqueous extracts of both plants improved activity in reducing bacterial growth at concentrations of (15, 25, 35) and (5, 15, 25%), respectively. Amoxicillin also demonstrated a clear inhibitory effect on E. coli at a concentration of 0.05 ml, while P. aeruginosa demonstrated a wide antibody resistance. Two bacterial isolates did not respond to ampicillin in any way.
{"title":"Inhibition Effect of Water and Alcohol Extracts of Cinnamomun zeylanicam (Cinnamomun Plant) and Zingiber offcinale (Ginger Plant) in the Growth and Efficacy of Some Microorganisms","authors":"Raad A. Nayyef","doi":"10.3233/ajw230070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230070","url":null,"abstract":"A test was done to see if the medicinal herbs ginger and cinnamon would stop Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli from growing when their water and alcohol extracts were applied, additionally examined the bacterial isolates’ susceptibility to the medicines ampicillin and amoxicillin. To identify the concentrations in which the bacteria displayed their development, gradient concentrations of each plant extract were utilised, which yielded vitality almost equivalent to the control group. The alcoholic extracts had less activity in comparison with aqueous extracts of both plants improved activity in reducing bacterial growth at concentrations of (15, 25, 35) and (5, 15, 25%), respectively. Amoxicillin also demonstrated a clear inhibitory effect on E. coli at a concentration of 0.05 ml, while P. aeruginosa demonstrated a wide antibody resistance. Two bacterial isolates did not respond to ampicillin in any way.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Mesehour Ali Refaas, Enas M. AL-Robayi, Ayad F. Alkaim
In this research, the photo catalytic degradation of textile dyes as a model Maxillion Blue (GRL) dye by using Ag/ZnO/V2O5 nanocomposites synthesised via hydrothermal method. The physical properties of the as-synthesised nanocomposites were examined using characterisation techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), TEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy. the production of pure ZnO, V2O5 nanoparticles and the discovery, by XRD analysis, of diffraction peaks related to the hexagonal phase of ZnO, V2O5, UV-vis spectroscopic calculations of the nanocomposite’s energy bandgap (2.63 eV) indicated that it might function as a photo catalyst when exposed to UV-visible light. XRD also supported the fabrication of the ZnO/V2O5 nanocomposite. FE-SEM images showed that the object was spherical and somewhat hexagonal in form. EDX analysis reveals the presence of Zn, V, and O in the nanocomposite; its photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the degradation of GRL dye under exposure to solar light. The results showed that the optimum mass nanocomposite for efficient photo degradation was 0.4 g/L, with a degradation efficiency of 91.6%.
本研究利用水热法合成的Ag/ZnO/V2O5纳米复合材料，以Maxillion Blue (GRL)染料为模型，进行了光催化降解纺织染料的研究。利用扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、能量色散x射线光谱(EDX)、透射电镜(TEM)和紫外可见光谱等表征技术对合成的纳米复合材料的物理性质进行了研究。制备了纯ZnO、V2O5纳米颗粒，并通过XRD分析发现了ZnO、V2O5六方相相关的衍射峰，紫外可见光谱计算了该纳米复合材料的能带隙(2.63 eV)，表明其在紫外可见光下可能具有光催化剂的作用。XRD也支持ZnO/V2O5纳米复合材料的制备。FE-SEM图像显示该物体呈球形，形状略呈六边形。EDX分析显示纳米复合材料中存在Zn、V和O;通过在太阳光下降解GRL染料，评价了其光催化活性。结果表明，纳米复合材料的最佳质量为0.4 g/L，降解效率为91.6%。
{"title":"Effect of Ag Doping on ZnO/V2O5 Nanoparticles as a Photo Catalyst for the Removal of Maxillion Blue (GRL) Dye","authors":"Ahmed Mesehour Ali Refaas, Enas M. AL-Robayi, Ayad F. Alkaim","doi":"10.3233/ajw230062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230062","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the photo catalytic degradation of textile dyes as a model Maxillion Blue (GRL) dye by using Ag/ZnO/V2O5 nanocomposites synthesised via hydrothermal method. The physical properties of the as-synthesised nanocomposites were examined using characterisation techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), TEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy. the production of pure ZnO, V2O5 nanoparticles and the discovery, by XRD analysis, of diffraction peaks related to the hexagonal phase of ZnO, V2O5, UV-vis spectroscopic calculations of the nanocomposite’s energy bandgap (2.63 eV) indicated that it might function as a photo catalyst when exposed to UV-visible light. XRD also supported the fabrication of the ZnO/V2O5 nanocomposite. FE-SEM images showed that the object was spherical and somewhat hexagonal in form. EDX analysis reveals the presence of Zn, V, and O in the nanocomposite; its photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the degradation of GRL dye under exposure to solar light. The results showed that the optimum mass nanocomposite for efficient photo degradation was 0.4 g/L, with a degradation efficiency of 91.6%.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environment News Futures","authors":"","doi":"10.3233/ajw230071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priya Rengarajan, I. Poonguzhali, E. Malarvizhi, K. Mahendran
The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), in several sectors, including communication, agriculture, manufacturing, smart health, monitoring and surveillance is increasing in R&D. An IoT-based WSN in agricultural production has been effective in detecting yield conditions and automating agriculture precision by using multiple sensors. To collect data on crops, plants, temperature estimates and stickiness as well as to boost yields by making smart agriculture decisions, they are deployed in rural regions. Sensors, on the other hand, are constrained by their inability to handle, store, communicate, and process large amounts of data due to a lack of available resources. Additionally, the safety and security of the IoT-based agricultural sensors against damaging competitors are crucial factors, as is their efficacy. One idea put up in this article is to employ a WSN structure based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for smart agriculture. The selection of group leaders is also based on data collected by rural sensors and multi-rules choice capacity. A transmission link’s SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) is used to gauge the intensity of signals being sent over it in order to guarantee accurate and timely data transfer. In addition, the direct congruential generator is repeated in order to enable data flow from agricultural sensors to central stations (BS). Compared with previous arrangements, smart agriculture obtained an average of 13.5 percent in the organisation throughput, 38.5 percent in the parcel drop percentage, 13.5 percent in the organisation inactivity, and 16 percent in energy usage. Comparatively speaking, this is a huge step forward.
{"title":"Smart Agriculture Application Using Secured and Energy-Efficient IoT-Based WSN Framework","authors":"Priya Rengarajan, I. Poonguzhali, E. Malarvizhi, K. Mahendran","doi":"10.3233/ajw230069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230069","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), in several sectors, including communication, agriculture, manufacturing, smart health, monitoring and surveillance is increasing in R&D. An IoT-based WSN in agricultural production has been effective in detecting yield conditions and automating agriculture precision by using multiple sensors. To collect data on crops, plants, temperature estimates and stickiness as well as to boost yields by making smart agriculture decisions, they are deployed in rural regions. Sensors, on the other hand, are constrained by their inability to handle, store, communicate, and process large amounts of data due to a lack of available resources. Additionally, the safety and security of the IoT-based agricultural sensors against damaging competitors are crucial factors, as is their efficacy. One idea put up in this article is to employ a WSN structure based on the Internet of Things (IoT) for smart agriculture. The selection of group leaders is also based on data collected by rural sensors and multi-rules choice capacity. A transmission link’s SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) is used to gauge the intensity of signals being sent over it in order to guarantee accurate and timely data transfer. In addition, the direct congruential generator is repeated in order to enable data flow from agricultural sensors to central stations (BS). Compared with previous arrangements, smart agriculture obtained an average of 13.5 percent in the organisation throughput, 38.5 percent in the parcel drop percentage, 13.5 percent in the organisation inactivity, and 16 percent in energy usage. Comparatively speaking, this is a huge step forward.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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