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Etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections and the emerging role of bitter taste receptors: A scoping review 生殖道感染的发病机制和苦味受体的新作用:范围综述
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321122
M. Welcome, Abraham Jeremiah, D. Allagoa, S. Dane, Vladimir A. Pereverzev
Reproductive tract infections pose an immense public health concern worldwide as over 600 million new cases are recorded annually along with several complications, including infertility, ectopic pregnancy, preterm delivery, and neonatal death. Despite improved understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenic invasion, the etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections is yet to be completely understood. Recent data has suggested a critical role of bitter taste receptors of the reproductive tract in etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections. Here, we review the literature on current etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections and the role of bitter taste receptors of the reproductive tract in etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections. Emerging evidence suggests a critical role of microbiota disorder of the reproductive tract in reproductive tract infections. Several bacterial, protozoan parasitic, helminthic parasitic and viral pathogens have been identified as causative agents of reproductive tract infections. These pathogens subvert host defenses and activate specific architectural units of the uroepithelium such as Toll-like receptors, which recognize conserved motifs on the pathogens. The activated Toll-like receptors mediate downstream signaling, stimulating nuclear factor-κB, which in turn activates the production of proinflammatory cytokines. This pathway is also associated with recruitment of immunocytes to the site of aggression and release of proteinases, which drive tissue damage in the reproductive tract. Defects in detection of pathogenic components by the bitter taste receptors of the reproductive tract may play a critical role in the etiopathogenesis of reproductive tract infections. This review provides important information for identification of novel frontiers for the treatment of reproductive tract infections.
生殖道感染在全球范围内引起了巨大的公共卫生关注,每年记录的新病例超过6亿例,并伴有多种并发症,包括不孕、异位妊娠、早产和新生儿死亡。尽管对病原体入侵机制的理解有所提高,但生殖道感染的发病机制尚待完全理解。最近的数据表明,生殖道苦味受体在生殖道感染的发病机制中起着关键作用。在此,我们回顾了目前生殖道感染发病机制的文献,以及生殖道苦味受体在生殖道感染发生机制中的作用。新出现的证据表明,生殖道微生物群紊乱在生殖道感染中起着关键作用。几种细菌、原生动物寄生、蠕虫寄生和病毒病原体已被确定为生殖道感染的病原体。这些病原体破坏宿主防御并激活尿上皮的特定结构单元,如Toll样受体,后者识别病原体上的保守基序。激活的Toll样受体介导下游信号传导,刺激核因子-κB,进而激活促炎细胞因子的产生。该途径还与免疫细胞募集到攻击部位和蛋白酶释放有关,蛋白酶驱动生殖道组织损伤。生殖道苦味受体检测致病成分的缺陷可能在生殖道感染的发病机制中起着关键作用。这篇综述为确定治疗生殖道感染的新前沿提供了重要信息。
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引用次数: 1
Oral supplementation of selenium improves post-thaw sperm quality in Saanen bucks 口服硒可改善雄鹿解冻后精子质量
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321126
K. Lukusa, J. Kabuba
Objective: To determine the effect of oral selenium supplementation and semen collection methods on various post thaw semen quality parameters in Saanen bucks. Methods: Sixteen healthy bucks were divided into two equal groups (n=8 each). The treatment group received selenium at 10-day intervals for three months. Sperm kinematic parameters, morphological parameters, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane functionality, and sperm DNA integrity were evaluated weekly pre and post-cryopreservation. Results: The mean percentages of the morphological abnormalities were significantly lower in the selenium-supplemented samples when semen was collected by using artificial vagina method (P<0.05). Proximal droplet defects were significantly lower in the selenium supplementation group when semen was collected by electro-ejaculation (P<0.05). Post-thaw sperm parameters such as total motility and progressive motility were significantly higher when semen was obtained by artificial vagina in the selenium-supplemented bucks compared to the electro-ejaculation and the control groups (P<0.05). The sperm kinematic parameters such as curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, and amplitude of lateral head displacement were significantly higher when semen was collected by artificial vagina in the selenium-treated bucks (P<0.05). The percentages of sperm with intact and functional plasma membrane and functional mitochondria were significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups (P<0.05). In vitro fertilizing potential was significantly higher in the selenium-supplemented samples collected with artificial vagina compared to the electro-ejaculation method and the control groups, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusions: Oral supplementation of selenium and artificial vagina semen collection improve post thaw sperm quality parameters of Saanen buck.
目的:探讨口服补硒及采精方法对萨能雄鹿解冻后精液质量的影响。方法:将16只健康雄鹿分为两组,每组8只。治疗组每隔10天接受一次硒治疗,为期3个月。冷冻保存前后每周评估精子运动参数、形态学参数、线粒体膜电位、质膜功能和精子DNA完整性。结果:人工阴道法采精时,补硒组精液形态异常的平均百分比显著降低(P<0.05),电射精法采精后补硒组近端液滴缺陷的发生率显著降低(P<0.05)补硒雄鹿经人工阴道获得精液时进行性运动能力明显高于电射精组和对照组(P<0.05),人工阴道采精时,硒处理雄鹿的精子头侧移位幅度显著高于人工阴道采精液(P<0.05)对照组(P<0.05)。人工阴道采硒样品的体外受精潜力分别显著高于电射精法和对照组(P<0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Descriptive histomorphological evaluation of the testis and caudal epididymis following treatment with rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia) and sutherlandia (Lessertia frutescens) in healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats 健康大鼠和链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠在用鲁伊博(Asparatus linearis)、蜜树(Cyclopia intermedia)和须兰(Lessertia frutescens)治疗后睾丸和附睾尾部的描述性组织形态学评估
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321125
Temidayo S. Omolaoye, S. D. du Plessis
Objective: To evaluate the testis and the cauda epididymis after treating both healthy and diabetic rats with rooibos (Aspalathus linearis), honeybush (Cyclopia intermedia), and sutherlandia (Lessertia frutescens), respectively. Methods: Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups (n=10 per group). Fifty rats were randomized to receive tap water, 0.1 M citrate buffer, 2.0% fermented rooibos, 4.0% fermented honeybush, or 0.2% unfermented sutherlandia. Diabetes was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at 45 mg/kg in 40 rats. The diabetic rats were randomized to receive tap water, 2.0% fermented rooibos, 4.0% fermented honeybush, or 0.2% unfermented sutherlandia. Rats were sacrificed after seven weeks of diabetic induction. Blood was collected for hormonal assay, while the testes and caudal epididymis were retrieved for histomorphological evaluations. Results: Diabetic rats treated with 2.0% fermented rooibos exhibited a significant increase in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) versus the vehicle group (P=0.002), and a 3.6% decrease compared to the diabetic control group (P>0.05). Diabetic rats treated with honeybush or sutherlandia showed 23.6% and 15.4% decrease in FPG when compared to the diabetic control group, respectively (both P>0.05). The diabetic control rats had a significant decrease in the percentage of histologically normal seminiferous tubules compared to the control group (P=0.049). There was 21.0%, 14.0%, and 5.4% rise in the percentage of normal seminiferous tubules in diabetic rats receiving rooibos, honeybush or sutherlandia, respectively, compared to the diabetic control group. The infusion control groups (rooibos, honeybush and sutherlandia) showed normal seminiferous tubules, presence of spermatozoa in the epididymal lumen, and had normal overall architecture. Both testicular and epididymal morphology were altered in the diabetic control group, but these disruptions were mildly ameliorated by rooibos, honeybush, and sutherlandia. Conclusions: The detrimental effects of diabetes on the histomorphological architecture of the testis and epididymis are mildly ameliorated by the infusions (2.0% fermented rooibos, 4.0% fermented honeybush, and 0.2% unfermented sutherlandia).
目的:评价鲁伊波斯(Aspalathus linearis)、蜜丛(Cyclopia intermedia)和芒草(Lessertia frutescens)分别治疗健康大鼠和糖尿病大鼠后睾丸和附睾尾的变化。方法:90只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为9组,每组10只。50只大鼠随机接受自来水、0.1 M柠檬酸缓冲液、2.0%发酵路易波士、4.0%发酵蜂蜜和0.2%未发酵的芒草。采用45 mg/kg单次腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导40只大鼠糖尿病。糖尿病大鼠随机接受自来水、2.0%发酵路易波士、4.0%发酵蜂蜜和0.2%未发酵的瑟兰。诱导7周后处死大鼠。采集血液进行激素检测,取睾丸和尾侧附睾进行组织形态学评估。结果:糖尿病大鼠经2.0%发酵路易波士波士处理后,空腹血糖(FPG)较对照组显著升高(P=0.002),较糖尿病对照组降低3.6% (P < 0.05)。与糖尿病对照组相比,蜂蜜和芒草治疗的糖尿病大鼠FPG分别下降23.6%和15.4% (P < 0.05)。与对照组相比,糖尿病对照组大鼠组织学正常的精管百分比显著降低(P=0.049)。与糖尿病对照组相比,服用路易波士、蜂蜜灌木或sutherlandia的糖尿病大鼠的正常精管百分比分别上升了21.0%、14.0%和5.4%。输注对照组(路易波士、蜂窝蜂和刺兰)精子小管正常,附睾腔内存在精子,整体结构正常。糖尿病对照组的睾丸和附睾形态均发生改变,但路易波士、蜂蜜灌木和萨瑟兰可轻度改善这种破坏。结论:2.0%发酵路易波士、4.0%发酵蜂窝蜜和0.2%未发酵萨瑟兰对糖尿病对睾丸和附睾组织形态结构的不利影响有轻微改善。
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引用次数: 2
Proposed age-stratified reference intervals of FSH derived from normozoospermic men 建议从正常精子男性中提取卵泡刺激素的年龄分层参考区间
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321188
E. Waller, J. Conceicao, P. Matson, J. Yovich
Objective: To demonstrate that serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in men rises with age, and to explore FSH reference intervals of age-related partitioning. Methods: Men aged 20-50 years (n=1 190) underwent semen analysis according to World Health Organization (2010) methods. Serum was frozen prior to measurement of FSH by using the Siemens ADVIA Centaur® XP immunoassay system. FSH central 95% intervals after logarithmic transformation based on age were derived from 1 037 normozoospermic men. These were then applied to oligozoospermic and azoospermic men. Men producing azoospermic semen samples were further classified as having non-obstructive azoospermia by clinical diagnostic criteria, including genetic analysis and surgical exploration. Results: Serum FSH in normozoospermic men increased with age (P<0.05), and reference intervals were determined with 10-year brackets: 21-30 years [(1.0-8.2) IU/L], 31-40 years [(1.4-9.5) IU/L], 41-50 years [(1.9-12.0) IU/L]. The proportion of oligozoospermic men with normal FSH concentrations was less than the normozoospermic men, which in turn was lower among azoospermic men (both P<0.01). The azoospermic men were further broken down according to the nature of the azoospermia as either obstructive or non-obstructive azoospermia, and 86.4% (38/44) men with non-obstructive azoospermia had elevated serum FSH concentrations whereas only 6.7% (1/15) men with obstructive azoospermia had high FSH levels, and this was significantly different (P<0.01). Conclusions: FSH concentrations increase in men between 20-50 years, and clinical interpretation of serum FSH results in men must be made by using age-based reference intervals.
目的:证明男性血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)随年龄增长而升高,并探讨年龄分配的FSH参考区间。方法:根据世界卫生组织(2010)的方法,对20-50岁(n=1190)的男性进行精液分析。在使用西门子ADVIA Centaur®XP免疫测定系统测量FSH之前,对血清进行冷冻。根据年龄对数转换后的FSH中心95%间期来自1037名精子正常的男性。然后将其应用于少精症和无精症男性。根据临床诊断标准,包括基因分析和手术探查,生产无精子症精液样本的男性被进一步归类为非梗阻性无精子病。结果:正常精子男性血清FSH随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05),10年内为21-30岁[(1.0-8.2)IU/L],31-40岁[(1.4-9.5)IU/L]41-50岁[(1.9-12.0)IU/L]。FSH浓度正常的少精男性比例低于少精男性,而少精男性在无精子症男性中的比例更低(均P<0.01),86.4%(38/44)的非梗阻性无精子症患者血清FSH水平升高,而只有6.7%(1/15)的梗阻性无精症患者血清中FSH水平较高,这一差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。
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引用次数: 2
Taxifolin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats 紫杉醇可减轻大鼠缺血再灌注引起的卵巢氧化损伤
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321124
S. Kiremitli, T. Kiremitli, U. Nayki, N. Yilmaz, C. Turkler, K. Dinç, R. Mammadov, G. Yazici, M. Gulaboglu, N. Cetin
Objective: To investigate preventive effects of taxifolin on ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats. Methods: A total of 18 female Wistar albino rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: the sham group, the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group, and the 50 mg/kg taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. The ovarian ischemia reperfusion and taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion groups were exposed to ischemia for 2 h and then followed by two-hour reperfusion protocol. Biochemical and histopathologic examinations were performed on the extracted ovaries. Results: Levels of malondialdehyde and cyclooxygenase-2 were increased, while reduced-glutathione and cyclooxygenase-1 were decreased in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. However, these values were reversed in the taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. Similarly, the number of primordial and developing follicules decreased in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group, while they were within normal range in the taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. Conclusions: Ischemia followed by reperfusion leads to oxidative stress-related ovarian injury, and taxifolin may be useful for protecting ovarian tissue from such injury.
目的:探讨杉木素对大鼠缺血再灌注氧化性卵巢损伤的预防作用。方法:将18只雌性Wistar白化大鼠随机等分分为假手术组、卵巢缺血再灌注组和50 mg/kg taxifolin+卵巢缺血再灌注组。卵巢缺血再灌注组和taxifolin+卵巢缺血再灌注组分别缺血2 h,再灌注2 h。对摘除的卵巢进行生化及组织病理学检查。结果:卵巢缺血再灌注组丙二醛、环氧化酶-2水平升高,还原性谷胱甘肽、环氧化酶-1水平降低。然而,在taxifolin+卵巢缺血再灌注组,这些值是相反的。卵巢缺血再灌注组原始卵泡和发育卵泡数量减少,而taxifolin+卵巢缺血再灌注组则在正常范围内。结论:缺血再灌注导致卵巢氧化应激相关损伤,紫杉醇素可能具有保护卵巢组织免受氧化应激损伤的作用。
{"title":"Taxifolin attenuates ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats","authors":"S. Kiremitli, T. Kiremitli, U. Nayki, N. Yilmaz, C. Turkler, K. Dinç, R. Mammadov, G. Yazici, M. Gulaboglu, N. Cetin","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.321124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.321124","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate preventive effects of taxifolin on ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative ovarian damage in rats. Methods: A total of 18 female Wistar albino rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups: the sham group, the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group, and the 50 mg/kg taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. The ovarian ischemia reperfusion and taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion groups were exposed to ischemia for 2 h and then followed by two-hour reperfusion protocol. Biochemical and histopathologic examinations were performed on the extracted ovaries. Results: Levels of malondialdehyde and cyclooxygenase-2 were increased, while reduced-glutathione and cyclooxygenase-1 were decreased in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. However, these values were reversed in the taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. Similarly, the number of primordial and developing follicules decreased in the ovarian ischemia reperfusion group, while they were within normal range in the taxifolin+ovarian ischemia reperfusion group. Conclusions: Ischemia followed by reperfusion leads to oxidative stress-related ovarian injury, and taxifolin may be useful for protecting ovarian tissue from such injury.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47821550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Genetic association of rs7754840 and rs7756992 polymorphisms in the CDKAL1 gene and gestational diabetes mellitus in selected Filipino pregnant women CDKAL1基因rs7754840和rs7756992多态性与菲律宾孕妇妊娠期糖尿病的遗传相关性
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.321123
M. Pineda-Cortel, Karlo Baybayan, Peter Bello, Latiffa Camenforte, S. Ching, Kathleen Conti, Jeremiah Ignacio, J. Diaz, Adrian Villavieja, J. Pandac, E. Alejandro
Objective: To investigate the possible association between rs7754840 and rs7756992 polymorphisms of CDKAL1 gene and susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a Filipino pregnant population. Methods: A total of 101 patients with GDM and 99 women without GDM were included. Two CDKAL1 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs7754840 and rs7756992, were genotyped by using TaqMan allelic discrimination assays. Mann-Whitney U test, median and interquartile range were used to describe physical and biochemical characteristics. The differences in the genotype and allele distribution of the target genetic variants among the two groups of participants were assessed by using Chi-square test. Conformity to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested prior to conducting further analysis. Multiple logistic regression model was used to investigate the effects of the genotype models on GDM development. Results: There was no observed correlation between the genotypes of the rs7754840 SNP and oral glucose tolerance test parameters. Consequently, there was no significant association between genetic models of the rs7754840 SNP and GDM risk (additive OR 1.43, 95% CI 0.82-2.50, P=0.21; dominant OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.57-2.59, P=0.62; recessive OR 1.63, 95% CI 0.86-3.09, P=0.13). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest no association between CDKAL1 gene variant rs7754840 and GDM development in Filipino pregnant women. Further studies with a larger population should be performed to validate our findings.
目的:探讨CDKAL1基因rs7754840和rs7756992多态性与菲律宾妊娠人群妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)易感性的可能关系。方法:纳入101例GDM患者和99例非GDM妇女。用TaqMan等位基因鉴别法对两个CDKAL1基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)rs7754840和rs7756992进行了基因分型。Mann-Whitney U检验、中位数和四分位间距用于描述物理和生化特征。通过卡方检验评估两组参与者中目标遗传变异的基因型和等位基因分布的差异。在进行进一步分析之前,测试是否符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。采用多元逻辑回归模型研究基因型模型对GDM发育的影响。结果:rs7754840 SNP基因型和口服糖耐量试验参数之间无相关性。因此,rs7754840 SNP的遗传模型与GDM风险之间没有显著关联(加性OR 1.43,95%CI 0.82-2.50,P=0.21;显性OR 1.21,95%CI 0.57-2.59,P=0.62;隐性OR 1.63,95%CI 0.86-3.09,P=0.13)。应该对更多的人群进行进一步的研究来验证我们的发现。
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引用次数: 2
Coronaviruses in pregnant women in Saudi Arabia: A systematic comparative review of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 沙特阿拉伯孕妇中的冠状病毒:MERS-CoV和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的系统比较综述
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.316621
M. Barry, Magdoleen Barry
Objective: To compare the effects of coronaviruses, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), on pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, and to understand the disease dynamics of these coronaviruses so as to konw how to provide care and management of infected pregnant women and infants. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of all published papers on MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections in pregnant women in Saudi Arabia to identify knowledge gaps. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were based on the PRISMA system. The search included all papers which were published between September 1, 2012 and November 29, 2020 on pregnant women with MERS-CoV and/ or COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Of 26 papers screened, five were included in the analysis. Results: A total of 11 pregnant women with MERS-CoV and four with COVID-19 were reported in Saudi Arabia in the medical literature during the review period. The mean ages of the women were 33 and 31 years old for MERS-CoV and COVID-19, respectively. Maternal and fetal mortality in cases of MERS-CoV were 35% and 30%, respectively, while no maternal or fetal mortalities were reported in COVID-19 cases. Conclusions: Very limited data has emerged from Saudi Arabia on pregnant women MERS-CoV and COVID-19. With such high mortality observed with MERS-CoV compared to COVID-19, there is a need for greater reporting of cases to truly grasp the extent of these infections in pregnant women in a country where both coronaviruses are circulating.
目的:比较中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)或由严重急性呼吸综合征2型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)引起的2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)等冠状病毒对沙特阿拉伯孕妇的影响,了解这些冠状病毒的疾病动态,从而了解如何为受感染的孕妇和婴儿提供护理和管理。方法:我们对沙特阿拉伯孕妇感染MERS-CoV和严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型的所有已发表论文进行了系统综述,以确定知识差距。纳入和排除标准基于PRISMA系统。搜索包括2012年9月1日至2020年11月29日期间发表的关于沙特阿拉伯患有MERS-CoV和/或新冠肺炎孕妇的所有论文。在筛选的26篇论文中,有5篇被纳入分析。结果:在审查期间,沙特阿拉伯的医学文献中共报告了11名患有MERS-CoV的孕妇和4名患有新冠肺炎的孕妇。MERS-CoV和新冠肺炎患者的平均年龄分别为33岁和31岁。MERS-CoV病例中的孕产妇和胎儿死亡率分别为35%和30%,而新冠肺炎病例中没有孕产妇或胎儿死亡报告。结论:沙特阿拉伯关于孕妇MERS-CoV和新冠肺炎的数据非常有限。与新冠肺炎相比,MERS-CoV的死亡率如此之高,在一个两种冠状病毒都在传播的国家,需要更多的病例报告,以真正掌握孕妇感染的程度。
{"title":"Coronaviruses in pregnant women in Saudi Arabia: A systematic comparative review of MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2","authors":"M. Barry, Magdoleen Barry","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.316621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.316621","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the effects of coronaviruses, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) or coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), on pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, and to understand the disease dynamics of these coronaviruses so as to konw how to provide care and management of infected pregnant women and infants. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of all published papers on MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections in pregnant women in Saudi Arabia to identify knowledge gaps. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were based on the PRISMA system. The search included all papers which were published between September 1, 2012 and November 29, 2020 on pregnant women with MERS-CoV and/ or COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Of 26 papers screened, five were included in the analysis. Results: A total of 11 pregnant women with MERS-CoV and four with COVID-19 were reported in Saudi Arabia in the medical literature during the review period. The mean ages of the women were 33 and 31 years old for MERS-CoV and COVID-19, respectively. Maternal and fetal mortality in cases of MERS-CoV were 35% and 30%, respectively, while no maternal or fetal mortalities were reported in COVID-19 cases. Conclusions: Very limited data has emerged from Saudi Arabia on pregnant women MERS-CoV and COVID-19. With such high mortality observed with MERS-CoV compared to COVID-19, there is a need for greater reporting of cases to truly grasp the extent of these infections in pregnant women in a country where both coronaviruses are circulating.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44376813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic state, endocrine profiles, body composition and reproductive performance of sows 添加亚麻籽对母猪代谢状态、内分泌、身体成分和繁殖性能的影响
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.316625
Sukhjinder Kaur, A. Singh, M. Honparkhe, Ajeet Kumar, Prahlad Singh, U. Singh
Objective: To assess the effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic profile, endocrine concentrations, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), body composition variables, and reproductive performance of sows. Methods: All the 21 crossbred Large White Yorkshire sows were considered in the study period starting at day 1 of current farrowing when the feeding of specific supplemental ration was started until the day of subsequent farrowing (days 150-155) and were equally allocated into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group and followed their normal feeding schedule. Group 2 and group 3, in addition to their normal feeding schedule, were supplemented with flaxseed at a rate of 0.5% and 1.0% of the dry matter, respectively. Blood samples were collected 15 days prior to farrowing, on the day of farrowing (day 0), at weekly intervals until day 28 of lactation and at monthly intervals during gestation to harvest the plasma. Plasma was used to assess the metabolic and endocrine status of sows. Body weight of each sow and individual birth weight of all piglets born were measured. Results: Flaxseed supplementation led to decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the supplemented groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Plasma estradiol-17β level was higher in group 2 than that in group 1 and 3 on day 90 of the gestation period (P<0.05). The mean plasma level of insulin-like growth factor 1 was higher in group 3 than that in group 1 and 2 both in late lactation (day 28) as well as in early gestation (day 30) (P<0.05). Plasma NEFA and weight gain were greater in sows of group 2 and 3 compared to those fed with the normal control diets (P<0.05). The proportion of pregnant sows relative to sows bred was 100.0% in group 2 and 3 and 85.7% in the control group. Piglet mortality was lower in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (P>0.05). Conclusions: Flaxseed improves endocrine profiles, NEFA concentrations and body weight, resulting in better pregnancy rate and litter size.
目的:评估补充亚麻籽对母猪代谢状况、内分泌浓度、非酯化脂肪酸(NEFA)、身体成分变量和繁殖性能的影响。方法:从本次分娩第1天开始,当开始饲喂特定补充日粮直到随后分娩的那一天(第150至155天)时,将21头大白约克郡杂交母猪全部纳入研究期,并将其平均分为三组。第1组作为对照组,并遵循其正常喂养计划。第2组和第3组,除了正常的喂养计划外,还分别以干物质的0.5%和1.0%的比例补充亚麻籽。在分娩前15天、分娩当天(第0天)、哺乳期第28天之前每周采集血样,妊娠期间每月采集血样以采集血浆。血浆用于评估母猪的代谢和内分泌状况。测量每头母猪的体重和所有出生仔猪的个体出生体重。结果:与对照组相比,添加亚麻籽组的血浆胆固醇和甘油三酯水平降低(P0.05)。结论:亚麻籽改善了内分泌状况、NEFA浓度和体重,从而提高了妊娠率和产仔数。
{"title":"Effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic state, endocrine profiles, body composition and reproductive performance of sows","authors":"Sukhjinder Kaur, A. Singh, M. Honparkhe, Ajeet Kumar, Prahlad Singh, U. Singh","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.316625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.316625","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the effect of flaxseed supplementation on metabolic profile, endocrine concentrations, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), body composition variables, and reproductive performance of sows. Methods: All the 21 crossbred Large White Yorkshire sows were considered in the study period starting at day 1 of current farrowing when the feeding of specific supplemental ration was started until the day of subsequent farrowing (days 150-155) and were equally allocated into three groups. Group 1 served as the control group and followed their normal feeding schedule. Group 2 and group 3, in addition to their normal feeding schedule, were supplemented with flaxseed at a rate of 0.5% and 1.0% of the dry matter, respectively. Blood samples were collected 15 days prior to farrowing, on the day of farrowing (day 0), at weekly intervals until day 28 of lactation and at monthly intervals during gestation to harvest the plasma. Plasma was used to assess the metabolic and endocrine status of sows. Body weight of each sow and individual birth weight of all piglets born were measured. Results: Flaxseed supplementation led to decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the supplemented groups than in the control group (P<0.05). Plasma estradiol-17β level was higher in group 2 than that in group 1 and 3 on day 90 of the gestation period (P<0.05). The mean plasma level of insulin-like growth factor 1 was higher in group 3 than that in group 1 and 2 both in late lactation (day 28) as well as in early gestation (day 30) (P<0.05). Plasma NEFA and weight gain were greater in sows of group 2 and 3 compared to those fed with the normal control diets (P<0.05). The proportion of pregnant sows relative to sows bred was 100.0% in group 2 and 3 and 85.7% in the control group. Piglet mortality was lower in group 2 and 3 compared to group 1 (P>0.05). Conclusions: Flaxseed improves endocrine profiles, NEFA concentrations and body weight, resulting in better pregnancy rate and litter size.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46193143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Adansonia digitata aqueous leaf extract ameliorates dexamethasone-induced testicular injury in male Wistar rats 洋地黄水叶提取物对地塞米松致雄性Wistar大鼠睾丸损伤的改善作用
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.316623
Joseph Dare, A. Ojewale, O. Olaniyan, John Adole, G. Okotie, C. Akintayo, A. Dare
Objective: To evaluate the effects of aqueous leaf extract of Adansonia (A.) digitata L on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in male Wistar rats. Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats weighing 170-190 g were divided into four groups. Group I received 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 28 days and served as the normal control group; group II received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) intraperitoneally for 7 days and 0.5 mL of phosphate buffer orally for 21 days, group III received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 800 mg/kg of A. digitata extract orally for 21 days; group IV received 10 mg/kg of dexamethasone for 7 days and 300 mg/kg of vitamin-E orally for 21 days. Dexamethasone was administered intra-peritoneally for 7 days and all administration lasted for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed by anesthesia with diethyl ether and the testes of each animal were harvested. The testis was homogenized in 0.25 M sucrose at 4 °C for biochemical and histological analyses. Results: Administration of dexamethasone significantly decreased body weight, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (P<0.05), and significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) activities (P<0.05). The degeneration in the population of spermatogonia and vacuolation and abnormal widening of the interstitial spaces were observed in the rats treated with dexamethasone. However, administration of A. digitata significantly increased SOD, GPx, G6PDH, and LDH levels, significantly decreased MDA activities and improved the histoarchitecture of the testis (P<0.05). Conclusions: A. digitata may have an ameliorative effect on dexamethasone-induced testicular damage in Wistar rats because of its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
目的:探讨花楸叶水提物对地塞米松致雄性Wistar大鼠睾丸损伤的影响。方法:体重170 ~ 190 g的成年雄性Wistar大鼠20只,随机分为4组。ⅰ组患者口服磷酸盐缓冲液0.5 mL,连续28 d,作为正常对照组;II组患者腹腔注射地塞米松(一种合成糖皮质激素)10 mg/kg,连续7天,口服磷酸盐缓冲液0.5 mL,连续21天;III组患者口服地塞米松10 mg/kg,连续7天,口服地塞米松提取物800 mg/kg,连续21天;IV组给予地塞米松10 mg/kg口服7 d,维生素e 300 mg/kg口服21 d。地塞米松腹腔给药7 d,全部给药28 d。用乙醚麻醉处死大鼠,取各组睾丸。睾丸用0.25 M蔗糖在4°C下匀浆,进行生化和组织学分析。结果:地塞米松显著降低体重、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PDH)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)活性(P<0.05),显著提高丙二醛(MDA)活性(P<0.05)。地塞米松给药后大鼠精原细胞群变性、空泡形成、间质异常增宽。而给药后睾丸组织SOD、GPx、G6PDH、LDH水平显著升高(P<0.05), MDA活性显著降低(P<0.05),组织结构明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:地塞米松对Wistar大鼠睾丸损伤的影响可能与地塞米松抗炎、抗氧化作用有关。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of royal jelly on in vitro fertilization and early embryo development following nicotine treatment in adult female rats 蜂王浆对成年雌性大鼠尼古丁处理后体外受精和早期胚胎发育的影响
Q1 Veterinary Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.316624
Z. Khodabandeh, V. Nejati, A. Shalizar-Jalali, G. Najafi, F. Rahmani
Objective: To scrutinize the protective role of royal jelly as an antioxidant on nicotine-induced changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, p53 expression, in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate, and early embryo development in adult female rats. Methods: A total of 56 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups (n=7 in each group). Group 1 served as an untreated control group, group 2, 3 and 4 received nicotine at a dose of 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg respectively, group 5 received royal jelly at a dose of 100.00 mg/kg, and group 6, 7 and 8 received 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg nicotine, respectively, with 100.00 mg/kg body weight royal jelly. Nicotine and royal jelly were administered daily for 49 days in the experimental groups intra-peritoneally and orally, respectively. At the end of the experimental period, p53 expression, IVF rate and early embryo development as well as MDA concentration were measured. Results: The IVF rate, number of cumulus oocytes, two-cell embryos and blastocysts decreased in the nicotine-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, p53 mRNA expression and MDA levels increased in the nicotine-treated groups. Royal jelly co-administration led to partial improvement in the aforementioned parameters. Conclusions: Royal jelly may have a repro-protective effect in nicotine-administered female rats in terms of its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.
目的:探讨蜂王浆作为抗氧化剂对尼古丁诱导的成年雌性大鼠丙二醛(MDA)水平、p53表达、体外受精(IVF)率和早期胚胎发育的保护作用。方法:取成年雌性Wistar大鼠56只,随机分为8组,每组7只。第1组为未处理对照组,第2、3、4组分别给予0.50、1.00、2.00 mg/kg剂量的尼古丁,第5组给予100.00 mg/kg剂量的蜂王浆,第6、7、8组分别给予0.50、1.00、2.00 mg/kg剂量的尼古丁,蜂王浆为100.00 mg/kg体重。试验组每日给予尼古丁和蜂王浆腹腔注射和口服,连续49天。实验结束时,检测p53表达、体外受精率、早期胚胎发育及MDA浓度。结果:尼古丁处理组体外受精率、卵丘细胞数、双细胞胚胎数和囊胚数均呈剂量依赖性降低。此外,尼古丁处理组p53 mRNA表达和MDA水平升高。蜂王浆共同给药导致上述参数的部分改善。结论:蜂王浆具有抗氧化和抗细胞凋亡的作用,对尼古丁给药的雌性大鼠具有再生保护作用。
{"title":"Effect of royal jelly on in vitro fertilization and early embryo development following nicotine treatment in adult female rats","authors":"Z. Khodabandeh, V. Nejati, A. Shalizar-Jalali, G. Najafi, F. Rahmani","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.316624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.316624","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To scrutinize the protective role of royal jelly as an antioxidant on nicotine-induced changes in malondialdehyde (MDA) level, p53 expression, in vitro fertilization (IVF) rate, and early embryo development in adult female rats. Methods: A total of 56 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups (n=7 in each group). Group 1 served as an untreated control group, group 2, 3 and 4 received nicotine at a dose of 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg respectively, group 5 received royal jelly at a dose of 100.00 mg/kg, and group 6, 7 and 8 received 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg nicotine, respectively, with 100.00 mg/kg body weight royal jelly. Nicotine and royal jelly were administered daily for 49 days in the experimental groups intra-peritoneally and orally, respectively. At the end of the experimental period, p53 expression, IVF rate and early embryo development as well as MDA concentration were measured. Results: The IVF rate, number of cumulus oocytes, two-cell embryos and blastocysts decreased in the nicotine-treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, p53 mRNA expression and MDA levels increased in the nicotine-treated groups. Royal jelly co-administration led to partial improvement in the aforementioned parameters. Conclusions: Royal jelly may have a repro-protective effect in nicotine-administered female rats in terms of its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44902110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
期刊
Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction
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