Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356844
Abiola O. Adekoya, A. Akiseku, A. Olatunji, M. Olusola-Bello
Rationale: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemi-vagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome, is a rare congenital anomaly of the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts. It is often asymptomatic until puberty and is usually misdiagnosed as infertility. Patient concerns: A 39-year-old woman desirous of pregnancy was referred to our radiodiagnosis unit for imaging evaluation on account of secondary infertility. Diagnosis: Incidental discovery of uterine bicornis bicollis and blind-ending hemivagina was noted at hysterosalpingography. Interventions: This necessitated the search for other genitourinary tract anomalies, and ipsilateral renal agenesis was also discovered. Outcomes: A diagnosis of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome was made. Lessons: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the gold standard imaging modality for the assessment of uterine malformations. However, in resource-poor centers where MRI is unavailable, a heightened clinical suspicion with the combination of available imaging modalities is important and reliable in making an accurate diagnosis, hence, successful management.
{"title":"An incidental presentation of Herlyn–Werner-Wunderlich syndrome with secondary infertility: A case report","authors":"Abiola O. Adekoya, A. Akiseku, A. Olatunji, M. Olusola-Bello","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.356844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.356844","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, also known as obstructed hemi-vagina with ipsilateral renal agenesis (OHVIRA) syndrome, is a rare congenital anomaly of the Müllerian and Wolffian ducts. It is often asymptomatic until puberty and is usually misdiagnosed as infertility. Patient concerns: A 39-year-old woman desirous of pregnancy was referred to our radiodiagnosis unit for imaging evaluation on account of secondary infertility. Diagnosis: Incidental discovery of uterine bicornis bicollis and blind-ending hemivagina was noted at hysterosalpingography. Interventions: This necessitated the search for other genitourinary tract anomalies, and ipsilateral renal agenesis was also discovered. Outcomes: A diagnosis of Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome was made. Lessons: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the gold standard imaging modality for the assessment of uterine malformations. However, in resource-poor centers where MRI is unavailable, a heightened clinical suspicion with the combination of available imaging modalities is important and reliable in making an accurate diagnosis, hence, successful management.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"243 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44869267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356843
A. Modak, M. Islam, A. Khatun, M. Alam, I. Akter, A. Kabir, M. Hashem, M. Moniruzzaman
Objective: To investigate the effect of L-carnitine on in vitro maturation and subsequent in vitro embryo production of buffalo oocytes. Methods: Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes. COCs were classified into good and fair qualities based on morphological observation of numbers and integrity of cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte. Both categories of COCs were placed in in vitro maturation medium with supplementation of different concentrations (0, 0.250, 0.375 or 0.500 mg/mL) of L-carnitine. Oocytes from both qualities were in vitro fertilized and in vitro cultured for 7 days, to examine the developmental competence. Results: Supplementation of L-carnitine to in vitro maturation medium increased the cumulus cell expansion rate of COCs to grade A, and reduced the cumulus cell expansion of COCs to grade B and grade C in both good and fair quality oocytes. Similarly, L-carnitine induced the in vitro meiotic progression of buffalo oocytes to metaphase Π in both good and fair quality oocytes. Additionally, L-carnitine reduced the rate of oocyte degeneration in both good and fair quality oocytes. L-carnitine increased the rate of cleaved formation at day 2 and blastocyst formation at day 7 during in vitro culture in both qualities of oocytes. Moreover, a higher rate of blastocyst production was observed in L-carnitine-treated fair quality oocytes, which was higher than the results in the untreated good quality oocytes. Conclusions: L-carnitine enhances meiotic maturation and subsequent embryo development from both good and fair quality buffalo oocytes.
{"title":"L–carnitine improves developmental competence of buffalo oocytes in vitro","authors":"A. Modak, M. Islam, A. Khatun, M. Alam, I. Akter, A. Kabir, M. Hashem, M. Moniruzzaman","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.356843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.356843","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the effect of L-carnitine on in vitro maturation and subsequent in vitro embryo production of buffalo oocytes. Methods: Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes. COCs were classified into good and fair qualities based on morphological observation of numbers and integrity of cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte. Both categories of COCs were placed in in vitro maturation medium with supplementation of different concentrations (0, 0.250, 0.375 or 0.500 mg/mL) of L-carnitine. Oocytes from both qualities were in vitro fertilized and in vitro cultured for 7 days, to examine the developmental competence. Results: Supplementation of L-carnitine to in vitro maturation medium increased the cumulus cell expansion rate of COCs to grade A, and reduced the cumulus cell expansion of COCs to grade B and grade C in both good and fair quality oocytes. Similarly, L-carnitine induced the in vitro meiotic progression of buffalo oocytes to metaphase Π in both good and fair quality oocytes. Additionally, L-carnitine reduced the rate of oocyte degeneration in both good and fair quality oocytes. L-carnitine increased the rate of cleaved formation at day 2 and blastocyst formation at day 7 during in vitro culture in both qualities of oocytes. Moreover, a higher rate of blastocyst production was observed in L-carnitine-treated fair quality oocytes, which was higher than the results in the untreated good quality oocytes. Conclusions: L-carnitine enhances meiotic maturation and subsequent embryo development from both good and fair quality buffalo oocytes.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"236 - 242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49323858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356842
Aeknath Virendra, O. Shrivastava, S. Shukla, M. Shukla, N. Bajaj, Afroza Khanam, F. Khan
Objective: To investigate the contraceptive effect of intratesticular injection of chlorhexidine gluconate in dogs and compare it with that of zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine. Methods: Twenty-four sexually mature male mongrel dogs were randomly divided by replicate into four groups (n=6 per group). Group I received intra-testicular injection of 2 mL zinc gluconate (10 mg/mL) neutralized with arginine. Group II received intratesticular injection of 2 mL chlorhexidine gluconate (5% w/v). Group Ⅲ received intratesticular injection of 2 mL chlorhexidine gluconate (4% w/v). Group Ⅳ did not receive any treatment and served as the control group. Testicular morphometry was conducted on day 0, 7, 15 and 30 after treatment. Semen was collected and evaluated on day 0 and 30. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: There was no difference in the mean values of various parameters between dogs treated with zinc gluconate and those treated with chlorhexidine gluconate at any of the time points. In dogs treated with zinc gluconate or chlorhexidine gluconate, there was a significant increase in the testicular morphometric parameters on day 7 followed by a significant reduction thereafter (day 15 and 30). In contrast, there was no change in any of the parameters in the control untreated dogs during the course of the study. Compared to the pre-treatment values, the mean scrotal circumference and the mean paired testicular volume and testicular weight on day 30 were significantly lower in the treated dogs. Semen samples collected on day 30 from treated dogs were found to be azoospermic, whereas no change in semen quality was observed in the control untreated dogs. Conclusions: Intratesticular injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (5% w/v and 4% w/v) is equally as effective as zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine for chemical contraception in dogs.
{"title":"Evaluation of intratesticular chlorhexidine gluconate for chemical contraception in dogs","authors":"Aeknath Virendra, O. Shrivastava, S. Shukla, M. Shukla, N. Bajaj, Afroza Khanam, F. Khan","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.356842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.356842","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the contraceptive effect of intratesticular injection of chlorhexidine gluconate in dogs and compare it with that of zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine. Methods: Twenty-four sexually mature male mongrel dogs were randomly divided by replicate into four groups (n=6 per group). Group I received intra-testicular injection of 2 mL zinc gluconate (10 mg/mL) neutralized with arginine. Group II received intratesticular injection of 2 mL chlorhexidine gluconate (5% w/v). Group Ⅲ received intratesticular injection of 2 mL chlorhexidine gluconate (4% w/v). Group Ⅳ did not receive any treatment and served as the control group. Testicular morphometry was conducted on day 0, 7, 15 and 30 after treatment. Semen was collected and evaluated on day 0 and 30. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: There was no difference in the mean values of various parameters between dogs treated with zinc gluconate and those treated with chlorhexidine gluconate at any of the time points. In dogs treated with zinc gluconate or chlorhexidine gluconate, there was a significant increase in the testicular morphometric parameters on day 7 followed by a significant reduction thereafter (day 15 and 30). In contrast, there was no change in any of the parameters in the control untreated dogs during the course of the study. Compared to the pre-treatment values, the mean scrotal circumference and the mean paired testicular volume and testicular weight on day 30 were significantly lower in the treated dogs. Semen samples collected on day 30 from treated dogs were found to be azoospermic, whereas no change in semen quality was observed in the control untreated dogs. Conclusions: Intratesticular injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (5% w/v and 4% w/v) is equally as effective as zinc gluconate neutralized with arginine for chemical contraception in dogs.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"231 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47809637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356838
Jaypalsinh Chorya, T. Sutaria, R. Chaudhari, C. Chaudhari
A genetically and functionally proficient gamete is essential for normal fertilization and embryonic development. Any change in gamete health affects fertilization and subsequent events, including embryonic development, implantation, and successful pregnancy. This present review focuses on the role of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development. Several conventional and advanced methods are used to evaluate the morphology and functions of gametes. The abnormal spermatozoa adversely affect fertilization events, which results in reduced cleavage/blastocyst/ implantation and pregnancy rate during assisted reproductive techniques. Poor oocyte quality is also one of the reasons for infertility, although the oocyte has an innate capacity to repair a certain amount of abnormality of both oocyte and spermatozoa. Therefore, oocyte health carries more responsibilities during fertilization events. The gamete, either spermatozoa or oocyte, should have optimum morphological and functional health to fertilize and develop a competent embryo successfully. Thus, it is of prime importance to consider the gamete health parameters while dealing with infertility.
{"title":"Impact of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development: An overview","authors":"Jaypalsinh Chorya, T. Sutaria, R. Chaudhari, C. Chaudhari","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.356838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.356838","url":null,"abstract":"A genetically and functionally proficient gamete is essential for normal fertilization and embryonic development. Any change in gamete health affects fertilization and subsequent events, including embryonic development, implantation, and successful pregnancy. This present review focuses on the role of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development. Several conventional and advanced methods are used to evaluate the morphology and functions of gametes. The abnormal spermatozoa adversely affect fertilization events, which results in reduced cleavage/blastocyst/ implantation and pregnancy rate during assisted reproductive techniques. Poor oocyte quality is also one of the reasons for infertility, although the oocyte has an innate capacity to repair a certain amount of abnormality of both oocyte and spermatozoa. Therefore, oocyte health carries more responsibilities during fertilization events. The gamete, either spermatozoa or oocyte, should have optimum morphological and functional health to fertilize and develop a competent embryo successfully. Thus, it is of prime importance to consider the gamete health parameters while dealing with infertility.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"201 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43758065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350148
R. Baid
{"title":"Assisted reproduction in the COVID-19 era: Dilemmas and conundrums","authors":"R. Baid","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"153 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43635413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350149
M. Hossain
{"title":"Reproductive health and rights in the COVID-19 era: Why and how are rights and choices still the answer?","authors":"M. Hossain","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"155 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47350266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350152
Farida Fitriana, P. Pallotti
Objective: To investigate effect of iron supplementation on the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in non-anaemic pregnant women. Methods: A literature search was conducted using three categories of terms with its synonyms or related words: “iron”, “supplement”, “hypertensive disorders in pregnancy” through MEDLINE (OVID), CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov, and manual search of references was used in seven potential resources. The inclusion criteria were randomized control trials (RCTs), published in English, full-text available, having healthy pregnant women without anaemia for study participants, and having hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at the end of pregnancy as the outcome. The risk of bias assessment tool was used for quality appraisal. Meta-analysis was conducted by calculating the fixed and random effects of the odds ratio (OR) for iron supplementation among non-anaemic pregnant women compared with the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The range of the study’s estimation accuracy was reflected by a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Four RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that iron supplementation possibly had no effect on the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.81-1.07; P=0.30), gestational hypertension (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.69-2.73; P=0.36) as well as on the development of preeclampsia (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.71-2.97; P=0.31). Conclusions: Iron supplementation has no effect on the incidence of hypertension in non-anaemic pregnant women. In general, there is a lack of evidence for the association between iron supplementation and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy among non-anaemic pregnant women, and further studies are needed.
目的：探讨补铁对非贫血孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病的影响。方法：通过MEDLINE（OVID）、CINAHL、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Scopus、Web of Science、ICTRP和ClinicalTrials.gov，使用三类术语及其同义词或相关词进行文献检索：“铁”、“补充剂”、“妊娠期高血压疾病”，并在七个潜在资源中使用参考文献的手动检索。纳入标准为随机对照试验（RCT），以英文出版，全文可用，研究参与者为没有贫血的健康孕妇，结果为妊娠末期患有高血压疾病。使用偏差风险评估工具进行质量评估。通过计算非贫血孕妇补充铁的比值比（OR）与妊娠期高血压疾病发生率的固定和随机影响，进行荟萃分析。95%置信区间（CI）反映了该研究的估计准确度范围。结果：荟萃分析包括四项随机对照试验。合并结果显示，补充铁可能对妊娠期高血压疾病的发生率没有影响（OR 0.93、95%CI 0.81-1.07；P=0.030），妊娠期高血压（OR 1.37，95%CI 0.69-2.73；P=0.36）以及先兆子痫的发生（OR 1.45，95%CI 0.71-2.97；P=0.31）。一般来说，在非贫血孕妇中，缺乏证据表明补铁与妊娠期高血压疾病的发生率之间存在关联，需要进一步研究。
{"title":"Iron supplementation for non-anaemic pregnant women and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Farida Fitriana, P. Pallotti","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350152","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate effect of iron supplementation on the risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in non-anaemic pregnant women. Methods: A literature search was conducted using three categories of terms with its synonyms or related words: “iron”, “supplement”, “hypertensive disorders in pregnancy” through MEDLINE (OVID), CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov, and manual search of references was used in seven potential resources. The inclusion criteria were randomized control trials (RCTs), published in English, full-text available, having healthy pregnant women without anaemia for study participants, and having hypertensive disorders in pregnancy at the end of pregnancy as the outcome. The risk of bias assessment tool was used for quality appraisal. Meta-analysis was conducted by calculating the fixed and random effects of the odds ratio (OR) for iron supplementation among non-anaemic pregnant women compared with the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. The range of the study’s estimation accuracy was reflected by a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Four RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that iron supplementation possibly had no effect on the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.81-1.07; P=0.30), gestational hypertension (OR 1.37, 95% CI 0.69-2.73; P=0.36) as well as on the development of preeclampsia (OR 1.45, 95% CI 0.71-2.97; P=0.31). Conclusions: Iron supplementation has no effect on the incidence of hypertension in non-anaemic pregnant women. In general, there is a lack of evidence for the association between iron supplementation and the incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy among non-anaemic pregnant women, and further studies are needed.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"165 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41711854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350155
E. Abdelnaby, I. Emam
Objective: To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages. Methods: Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups: 1 year [n=6; group I with bodyweight (380±10) kg], 3 years [n=6; group II with bodyweight (570±10) kg], and 6 years old [n=6; group III with bodyweight (650±10) kg] Baladi bulls. Circumference of the scrotum, thickness of the mediastinum, testicular dimensions, vascularity, and hormonal levels were measured. Testicular hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler ultrasound scanning. Results: Testicular width, length, and volume were significantly different among the three age groups, with the highest in bulls of group III (P<0.05). The bulls in group III had significantly higher mediastinal line thickness and scrotal circumference than group I (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group II and group III. Bulls in group II showed a decline in Doppler indices (resistance and pulsatility indexes) at both testicular branches compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Supra and marginal end diastolic velocities in the three age groups were significantly different, with the highest in group II (P<0.05). Time average velocity (cm/s) was significantly elevated in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Both testicular echotextures were significantly decreased in group II (P<0.05). Estradiol and nitric oxide metabolites were significantly high in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the level of plasma testosterone was maximum in group III (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between supratesticular artery resistance and pulsatility indexes (r=0.81; P<0.001), while both resistance and pulsatility indexes had correlated negative with estradiol (r=-0.71 and r=-0.91; P<0.001), and nitric oxide metabolites (r=-0.92 and r=-0.72; P<0.001). Conclusions: Three-year old Baladi bull has the lesser Doppler indices with lesser echotexture and greater nitric oxide with estradiol concentrations, which directs a significant ability for the thermoregulation process. These parameters will help in breeding selection.
{"title":"Testicular vascularization at two locations in relation to hormonal levels, and pixel echotexture in bulls at different ages","authors":"E. Abdelnaby, I. Emam","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350155","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the hemodynamic changes that occurred in the main testicular artery at two different locations such as supra and marginal ones in bulls at three different ages. Methods: Eighteen Baladi bulls were divided according to their age into three different age groups: 1 year [n=6; group I with bodyweight (380±10) kg], 3 years [n=6; group II with bodyweight (570±10) kg], and 6 years old [n=6; group III with bodyweight (650±10) kg] Baladi bulls. Circumference of the scrotum, thickness of the mediastinum, testicular dimensions, vascularity, and hormonal levels were measured. Testicular hemodynamics were assessed by Doppler ultrasound scanning. Results: Testicular width, length, and volume were significantly different among the three age groups, with the highest in bulls of group III (P<0.05). The bulls in group III had significantly higher mediastinal line thickness and scrotal circumference than group I (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group II and group III. Bulls in group II showed a decline in Doppler indices (resistance and pulsatility indexes) at both testicular branches compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Supra and marginal end diastolic velocities in the three age groups were significantly different, with the highest in group II (P<0.05). Time average velocity (cm/s) was significantly elevated in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Both testicular echotextures were significantly decreased in group II (P<0.05). Estradiol and nitric oxide metabolites were significantly high in group II compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the level of plasma testosterone was maximum in group III (P<0.05). Positive correlations were found between supratesticular artery resistance and pulsatility indexes (r=0.81; P<0.001), while both resistance and pulsatility indexes had correlated negative with estradiol (r=-0.71 and r=-0.91; P<0.001), and nitric oxide metabolites (r=-0.92 and r=-0.72; P<0.001). Conclusions: Three-year old Baladi bull has the lesser Doppler indices with lesser echotexture and greater nitric oxide with estradiol concentrations, which directs a significant ability for the thermoregulation process. These parameters will help in breeding selection.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"193 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49159086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350153
Y. Dogra, N. Singh, N. Malhotra, R. Mahey, V. Perumal
Objective: To evaluate the impact of seasonal and geographical temperature on sperm parameters in Indian men who were partners in subfertile couples. Methods: A retrospective review of the records of semen analysis from January 2009 to December 2017 that was performed as part of primary evaluation of infertile couple was undertaken. Mean values of various semen parameters were compared between seasons using one-way analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni pair wise post-hoc comparison test. Bivariate Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to measure the correlation between age, sperm parameters and annual temperature/seasons. The logistic regression analysis was further carried out to identify significant variables contributing to normal progressive motility of sperm. Results: A total of 3 433 reports of semen samples were analysed. There was no significant seasonal variation in the mean volume, concentration, and total motility levels (P>0.05) except the mean values of progressive motility (P<0.001). The mean values of progressive motility during pre-monsoon were significantly higher compared to the corresponding values during monsoon and autumn seasons (P<0.01). In all the seasons, total motility had significant positive correlation with sperm concentration and progressive motility (P<0.05). Pre-monsoon emerged as the significant favourable season to get normal progressive motility level (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68) compared to winter. The chances of getting normal progressive motility reduced due to longer abstinence period (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80-0.93). When the temperature was more than 28 °C, the likelihood of getting normal progressive motility decreased (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95). Conclusions: The progressive motility of sperms significantly decreases from pre-monsoon to autumn with recovery towards winter, which substantiates the effect of rising temperature on the progressive motility of sperm. This is clinically important to counsel infertile patients, so that they can plan their treatment accordingly.
目的:探讨季节和地理温度对印度男性不育夫妇精子参数的影响。方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2017年12月作为不育夫妇初步评估一部分的精液分析记录。采用单因素方差分析和Bonferroni配对事后比较检验比较各季节精液参数的平均值。采用双变量Pearson相关系数测量年龄、精子参数与年温度/季节的相关性。进一步进行逻辑回归分析，以确定影响精子正常进行性运动的重要变量。结果:共分析精液标本3 433份。除进行性运动性平均值(P<0.001)外，平均体积、浓度和总运动性水平均无显著季节性变化(P< 0.05)。季风前的逐日运动平均值显著高于季风期和秋季(P<0.01)。各季节总活力与精子浓度、进行性活力呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。与冬季相比，季风前是获得正常渐进运动水平的显著有利季节(OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68)。由于较长的戒断期，获得正常进行性运动的机会减少(OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80-0.93)。当温度超过28°C时，获得正常进行性运动的可能性降低(OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95)。结论:从季风前到秋季，精子进行性运动明显下降，进入冬季后恢复，说明气温升高对精子进行性运动有影响。这是临床上重要的咨询不孕症患者，使他们能够计划相应的治疗。
{"title":"Impact of geographical and seasonal temperature on sperm parameters in Indian men who were partners in subfertile couples – A retrospective analysis","authors":"Y. Dogra, N. Singh, N. Malhotra, R. Mahey, V. Perumal","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350153","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To evaluate the impact of seasonal and geographical temperature on sperm parameters in Indian men who were partners in subfertile couples. Methods: A retrospective review of the records of semen analysis from January 2009 to December 2017 that was performed as part of primary evaluation of infertile couple was undertaken. Mean values of various semen parameters were compared between seasons using one-way analysis of variance test followed by Bonferroni pair wise post-hoc comparison test. Bivariate Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to measure the correlation between age, sperm parameters and annual temperature/seasons. The logistic regression analysis was further carried out to identify significant variables contributing to normal progressive motility of sperm. Results: A total of 3 433 reports of semen samples were analysed. There was no significant seasonal variation in the mean volume, concentration, and total motility levels (P>0.05) except the mean values of progressive motility (P<0.001). The mean values of progressive motility during pre-monsoon were significantly higher compared to the corresponding values during monsoon and autumn seasons (P<0.01). In all the seasons, total motility had significant positive correlation with sperm concentration and progressive motility (P<0.05). Pre-monsoon emerged as the significant favourable season to get normal progressive motility level (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68) compared to winter. The chances of getting normal progressive motility reduced due to longer abstinence period (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80-0.93). When the temperature was more than 28 °C, the likelihood of getting normal progressive motility decreased (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95). Conclusions: The progressive motility of sperms significantly decreases from pre-monsoon to autumn with recovery towards winter, which substantiates the effect of rising temperature on the progressive motility of sperm. This is clinically important to counsel infertile patients, so that they can plan their treatment accordingly.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"175 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.350154
Perumal Ponraj, J. Sunder, A. De, R. Alyethodi, P. Mishra, S. Bhowmick, D. Bhattacharya
Objective: To measure the seasonal effect on endocrinological profiles and sex behavioural profiles during rainy and dry summer seasons in male Andaman local goat in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Methods: Ten adult male Andaman local goats were selected from the goat breeding farm, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Endocrinological profiles such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), cortisol and prolactin were analysed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Sex behavioural profiles such as libido score, mating ability score and sex behavioural score were measured during rainy and dry summer seasons in male Andaman local goat. Results: Endocrinological profiles as well as sex behavioural profiles differed significantly between rainy season and dry summer season (P<0.05). The levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, TSH, T3, and T4 were significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season whereas cortisol and prolactin were significantly higher in dry summer season than in rainy season (P<0.05). The ratio of T3:T4 was significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season. Similarly, libido score, mating ability score and sex behavioural score were significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season (P<0.05). Conclusions: Rainy season has significantly higher beneficial effects than summer season on reproduction and artificial breeding programmes in semi-intensive management of goat under the tropical humid island ecosystem in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
{"title":"Season modulates endocrinological profiles and sex behavioural characteristics in indigenous male goats under tropical humid island ecosystem","authors":"Perumal Ponraj, J. Sunder, A. De, R. Alyethodi, P. Mishra, S. Bhowmick, D. Bhattacharya","doi":"10.4103/2305-0500.350154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2305-0500.350154","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To measure the seasonal effect on endocrinological profiles and sex behavioural profiles during rainy and dry summer seasons in male Andaman local goat in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Methods: Ten adult male Andaman local goats were selected from the goat breeding farm, ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Endocrinological profiles such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), cortisol and prolactin were analysed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Sex behavioural profiles such as libido score, mating ability score and sex behavioural score were measured during rainy and dry summer seasons in male Andaman local goat. Results: Endocrinological profiles as well as sex behavioural profiles differed significantly between rainy season and dry summer season (P<0.05). The levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, TSH, T3, and T4 were significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season whereas cortisol and prolactin were significantly higher in dry summer season than in rainy season (P<0.05). The ratio of T3:T4 was significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season. Similarly, libido score, mating ability score and sex behavioural score were significantly higher in rainy season than in dry summer season (P<0.05). Conclusions: Rainy season has significantly higher beneficial effects than summer season on reproduction and artificial breeding programmes in semi-intensive management of goat under the tropical humid island ecosystem in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.","PeriodicalId":8564,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Reproduction","volume":"11 1","pages":"183 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41735228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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