Pub Date : 2025-02-15DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100162
Chanchan Wang, Yong Ma, Qiong Zou, Hai He, Yaoqi Ba, Jianling Xiao, Xingtao Zhou, Shengtao Liu
Background: To assess the characteristics of the ciliary sulcus in patients with myopia with different axial lengths using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). METHODS：: A total of 108 eyes from 54 patients were recruited between January and March 2024. Patients were matched for age, cylinder and white-to-white (WTW) ratio, and further divided into a control axial length (AL) group (CON, AL < 26.5mm, 54 eyes) and a long AL group (L-AL, AL ≥ 26.5mm, 54 eyes). Anterior and posterior chamber parameters were examined based on UBM. Anterior chamber parameters included sulcus-to-sulcus distance (STS) in the horizontal and vertical orientation, lens anterior surface to ciliary sulcus distance (STSL), anterior segment length (ASL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD). Posterior chamber parameters included ciliary process length (CPL), trabecular-ciliary process distance, trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA), iris-ciliary angle (ICA) and maximum ciliary body thickness in four spatial directions.
Results: The anterior chamber parameters, including STS, STSL and ASL, were significantly lower in the horizontal direction than those in the vertical direction in both groups, whereas STS was significantly lower in the CON group than in the L-AL group. Posterior chamber parameters, including CPL, TCA and ICA, showed significant spatial differences between the two groups. Furthermore, STSL correlated significantly with ACD, mean keratometry and WTW.
Conclusions: Significant spatial differences in ciliary sulcus and ciliary body morphology were observed in patients with axial myopia. In ICL size selection and vault prediction, STS and STSL are potential indicators in preoperative ICL assessment.
{"title":"Ciliary sulcus characteristics in patients with axial myopia using ultrasound biomicroscope.","authors":"Chanchan Wang, Yong Ma, Qiong Zou, Hai He, Yaoqi Ba, Jianling Xiao, Xingtao Zhou, Shengtao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the characteristics of the ciliary sulcus in patients with myopia with different axial lengths using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). METHODS：: A total of 108 eyes from 54 patients were recruited between January and March 2024. Patients were matched for age, cylinder and white-to-white (WTW) ratio, and further divided into a control axial length (AL) group (CON, AL < 26.5mm, 54 eyes) and a long AL group (L-AL, AL ≥ 26.5mm, 54 eyes). Anterior and posterior chamber parameters were examined based on UBM. Anterior chamber parameters included sulcus-to-sulcus distance (STS) in the horizontal and vertical orientation, lens anterior surface to ciliary sulcus distance (STSL), anterior segment length (ASL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD). Posterior chamber parameters included ciliary process length (CPL), trabecular-ciliary process distance, trabecular-ciliary angle (TCA), iris-ciliary angle (ICA) and maximum ciliary body thickness in four spatial directions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The anterior chamber parameters, including STS, STSL and ASL, were significantly lower in the horizontal direction than those in the vertical direction in both groups, whereas STS was significantly lower in the CON group than in the L-AL group. Posterior chamber parameters, including CPL, TCA and ICA, showed significant spatial differences between the two groups. Furthermore, STSL correlated significantly with ACD, mean keratometry and WTW.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant spatial differences in ciliary sulcus and ciliary body morphology were observed in patients with axial myopia. In ICL size selection and vault prediction, STS and STSL are potential indicators in preoperative ICL assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-26DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100161
Moxin Chen, Qin Shu, Fang Li, Lin Li, Xianqun Fan
Myopia stands as a prevalent ocular condition with global implications, impacting individuals at various life stages. In school-age children and adolescents, uncorrected myopia impedes reading and academic performance. Among middle-aged and elderly populations, myopia poses severe risks such as macular degeneration, macular holes and retinal detachment, leading to irreversible visual impairment. The term "myopia management" is widely embraced by ophthalmic practitioners and optometry associations worldwide, encompassing strategies to correct refractive errors and ongoing assessment of disease progression, aiming to reduce the progression of myopia and axial elongation. To date, current management strategies for myopia include public health policies, optical solutions, medical interventions and surgical options, but these interventions are general and lack age specificity. Despite existing interventions, we propose the concept of "Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management" in this review. This approach outlined major risk factors of myopia through the whole life cycle, discussed current interventions for myopia and provided age-specific management strategies for myopia of eight different life stages-infancies, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age children, adolescents, young adults, middle-age and old-age, including the prevention of myopia onset, slowing of myopia progression and monitoring of myopia complications. Achieving the "Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management" requires collaborations efforts from government, schools, hospitals and families, to restore vision and enhance the quality of life for those individuals affected by myopia.
{"title":"The whole life cycle myopia management.","authors":"Moxin Chen, Qin Shu, Fang Li, Lin Li, Xianqun Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myopia stands as a prevalent ocular condition with global implications, impacting individuals at various life stages. In school-age children and adolescents, uncorrected myopia impedes reading and academic performance. Among middle-aged and elderly populations, myopia poses severe risks such as macular degeneration, macular holes and retinal detachment, leading to irreversible visual impairment. The term \"myopia management\" is widely embraced by ophthalmic practitioners and optometry associations worldwide, encompassing strategies to correct refractive errors and ongoing assessment of disease progression, aiming to reduce the progression of myopia and axial elongation. To date, current management strategies for myopia include public health policies, optical solutions, medical interventions and surgical options, but these interventions are general and lack age specificity. Despite existing interventions, we propose the concept of \"Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management\" in this review. This approach outlined major risk factors of myopia through the whole life cycle, discussed current interventions for myopia and provided age-specific management strategies for myopia of eight different life stages-infancies, toddlers, preschoolers, school-age children, adolescents, young adults, middle-age and old-age, including the prevention of myopia onset, slowing of myopia progression and monitoring of myopia complications. Achieving the \"Whole Life Cycle Myopia Management\" requires collaborations efforts from government, schools, hospitals and families, to restore vision and enhance the quality of life for those individuals affected by myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100161"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100138
Huy D.M. Tran , Yen H. Tran , Thao T.X. Ha , Tuan D. Tran , Monica Jong , Minas Coroneo , Padmaja Sankaridurg
Purpose
To determine the role of topical caffeine in slowing progression of myopia, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with atropine.
Methods
In a prospective, randomized, dispensing clinical trial, 96 children with myopia, aged 6–13 years, spherical equivalent (SE) from –0.50 diopters (D) to –6.00 D and astigmatism less than 2.00 D were randomly assigned to nightly use of either 2 % caffeine, 0.02 % atropine with 2 % caffeine (combination) or 0.02 % atropine eye drops. An additional 86 children with myopia were enrolled in a concurrent parallel group to wear single-vision (SV) spectacles. The primary outcomes were changes in SE and axial length (AL) over a period of 12 months for each group.
Results
All groups progressed in myopia. At 12 months, the mean change in SE/AL was –0.76 ± 0.51 D / 0.37 ± 0.20 mm and –0.70 ± 0.55 D / 0.35 ± 0.23 mm with SV and 2 % caffeine, respectively. In comparison, progression was slower at –0.46 ± 0.50 D / 0.24 ± 0.19 mm and –0.47 ± 0.38 D / 0.23 ± 0.18 mm with atropine monotherapy and combination groups, respectively. Compared to the change in AL with SV, the change in AL was significantly less with 0.02 % atropine and the combination group (post hoc analysis, P = 0.024 and 0.007, respectively). Similarly, the change in SE was significantly less with 0.02 % atropine compared to the SV group (P = 0.027).
Conclusions
Used as a standalone treatment, topical 2 % caffeine did not slow myopia progression. When combined with atropine, caffeine had no impact on the efficacy of atropine in slowing myopia.
目的：确定外用咖啡因在减缓近视进展中的作用，无论是单独治疗还是与阿托品联合使用。方法：在一项前瞻性、随机、配药的临床试验中，96名6-13岁的近视儿童，眼球度数（SE）从-0.50屈光度(D)到-6.00 D，散光小于2.00 D，随机分配到每晚使用2 %咖啡因、0.02 %阿托品与2 %咖啡因（联合）或0.02 %阿托品滴眼液。另外86名近视儿童被纳入同时平行组，佩戴单视力（SV）眼镜。主要结果是每组在12个月内SE和轴向长度（AL）的变化。结果：两组近视均有进展。在12个月内,平均变化SE / AL -0.76 ±0.51 D / 0.37 ±0.20 毫米和-0.70±0.55 D / 0.35±0.23 mm SV和2 %咖啡因,分别。相比,进展慢-0.46 ±0.50 D / 0.24 ±0.19 毫米和-0.47±0.38 D / 0.23 ±0.18 毫米与单一疗法和组合阿托品组,分别。与SV组AL的变化相比，0.02 %阿托品组和联合组AL的变化明显小于0.02 %阿托品组（事后分析，P = 0.024和0.007）。同样，与SV组相比，0.02 %阿托品的SE变化显著小于SV组（P = 0.027）。结论：单独使用2 %咖啡因治疗不能减缓近视进展。当与阿托品联合使用时，咖啡因对阿托品减缓近视的效果没有影响。
{"title":"Role of caffeine in slowing progression of myopia: 1-year results from a prospective, longitudinal clinical trial","authors":"Huy D.M. Tran , Yen H. Tran , Thao T.X. Ha , Tuan D. Tran , Monica Jong , Minas Coroneo , Padmaja Sankaridurg","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To determine the role of topical caffeine in slowing progression of myopia, both as a standalone treatment and in combination with atropine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a prospective, randomized, dispensing clinical trial, 96 children with myopia, aged 6–13 years, spherical equivalent (SE) from –0.50 diopters (D) to –6.00 D and astigmatism less than 2.00 D were randomly assigned to nightly use of either 2 % caffeine, 0.02 % atropine with 2 % caffeine (combination) or 0.02 % atropine eye drops. An additional 86 children with myopia were enrolled in a concurrent parallel group to wear single-vision (SV) spectacles. The primary outcomes were changes in SE and axial length (AL) over a period of 12 months for each group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All groups progressed in myopia. At 12 months, the mean change in SE/AL was –0.76 ± 0.51 D / 0.37 ± 0.20 mm and –0.70 ± 0.55 D / 0.35 ± 0.23 mm with SV and 2 % caffeine, respectively. In comparison, progression was slower at –0.46 ± 0.50 D / 0.24 ± 0.19 mm and –0.47 ± 0.38 D / 0.23 ± 0.18 mm with atropine monotherapy and combination groups, respectively. Compared to the change in AL with SV, the change in AL was significantly less with 0.02 % atropine and the combination group (post hoc analysis, <em>P</em> = 0.024 and 0.007, respectively). Similarly, the change in SE was significantly less with 0.02 % atropine compared to the SV group (<em>P</em> = 0.027).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Used as a standalone treatment, topical 2 % caffeine did not slow myopia progression. When combined with atropine, caffeine had no impact on the efficacy of atropine in slowing myopia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100135
Yong Woo Kim , Ki Ho Park
Myopia is rapidly escalating globally, especially in East and Southeast Asia, where its prevalence among younger populations reaches alarming levels of 80–90 %. This surge contributes to a myopia epidemic linked to several ocular complications, including glaucoma. As myopic individuals age, the risk of developing glaucoma increases, and an additional concern arises from the growing frequency of refractive surgeries among younger individuals, making precise optic nerve assessments critical before surgery. Evaluating the optic nerve head (ONH) in myopic eyes is challenging, as structural changes due to myopia often resemble glaucomatous alterations. Techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have improved the examination of ONH microstructures, but interpreting results remains complex due to potential false-positive findings. Myopic eyes exhibit unique changes, such as peripapillary atrophy and altered neuroretinal rim configurations, making it crucial to distinguish these from true glaucomatous signs. Recent advancements in OCT technology and the establishment of myopia-specific normative databases have enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Parameters such as minimum rim width, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness and temporal raphe sign show promise in differentiating between glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous changes. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach incorporating multiple OCT metrics is essential for accurately diagnosing glaucoma in myopic patients. By integrating various structural evaluations and leveraging advanced imaging techniques, clinicians can better navigate the complexities of glaucoma diagnosis amidst the challenges posed by myopia. This review highlights the need for increased attention and tailored strategies in managing glaucoma risk within this increasingly affected population.
{"title":"How to diagnose glaucoma in myopic eyes by detecting structural changes?","authors":"Yong Woo Kim , Ki Ho Park","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myopia is rapidly escalating globally, especially in East and Southeast Asia, where its prevalence among younger populations reaches alarming levels of 80–90 %. This surge contributes to a myopia epidemic linked to several ocular complications, including glaucoma. As myopic individuals age, the risk of developing glaucoma increases, and an additional concern arises from the growing frequency of refractive surgeries among younger individuals, making precise optic nerve assessments critical before surgery. Evaluating the optic nerve head (ONH) in myopic eyes is challenging, as structural changes due to myopia often resemble glaucomatous alterations. Techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) have improved the examination of ONH microstructures, but interpreting results remains complex due to potential false-positive findings. Myopic eyes exhibit unique changes, such as peripapillary atrophy and altered neuroretinal rim configurations, making it crucial to distinguish these from true glaucomatous signs. Recent advancements in OCT technology and the establishment of myopia-specific normative databases have enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Parameters such as minimum rim width, ganglion cell–inner plexiform layer thickness and temporal raphe sign show promise in differentiating between glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous changes. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach incorporating multiple OCT metrics is essential for accurately diagnosing glaucoma in myopic patients. By integrating various structural evaluations and leveraging advanced imaging techniques, clinicians can better navigate the complexities of glaucoma diagnosis amidst the challenges posed by myopia. This review highlights the need for increased attention and tailored strategies in managing glaucoma risk within this increasingly affected population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100136
Huishan Lin , Xinbo Gao , Zhuoyi Wu , Wengian Tam , Wei Huang , Yue Dong , Xi Qin , Yao Liu , Chengguo Zuo , Mingkai Lin
To analyze the treatment modalities and trends for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) over the past 10 years, we conducted a retrospective analysis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center on 1331 NVG inpatients who received 1459 treatments for 1383 eyes between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021. Over time, we observed a progressive annual increase in both the number of patients and the volume of surgeries for NVG, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 10.23 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 5.5–15.2 %, P = 0.001) and 11.59 % (95 % CI: 6.6–16.9 %, P = 0.001), respectively. Drainage valve implantation (46.88 %), cyclodestructive procedures (22.55 %) and trabeculectomy (6.24 %) were the three most commonly selected treatment options. The frequency of drainage valve implantation (APC = 6.59 %, 95 % CI = 0.9–12.6 %, P = 0.028), cyclodestructive procedures (APC = 17.26 %, 95 % CI = 9.3–25.8 %, P = 0.001) and trabeculectomy (APC = 21.93 %, 95 % CI = 1.6–46.3 %, P = 0.036) increased. The proportion of drainage valve implantation gradually decreased (APC = –4.48 %, 95 % CI = –8.6 to –0.2 %, P = 0.042), while that of cyclodestructive procedures increased (APC = 5.08 %, 95 % CI = 0.6–9.8 %, P = 0.042), with no significant alteration observed in the proportion of trabeculectomy (APC = 9.26 %, 95 % CI = –8.8–30.9 %, P = 0.290). Over the course of the study, both the cases of NVG and the volume of related surgeries escalated year by year. Among the three most frequently employed procedures—drainage valve implantation, cyclodestructive procedures and trabeculectomy—annual frequency trends revealed an increase in drainage valve implantation alongside a decreasing proportion, while cyclodestructive procedures exhibited a rising trend in both frequency and proportion; simultaneously, trabeculectomy showed an increasing frequency without a significant change in its proportion.
为了分析近10年来新生血管性青光眼（NVG）的治疗方式及趋势，我们对2012年1月1日至2021年12月31日中山眼科中心1331例NVG住院患者进行了回顾性分析，这些患者接受了1459次治疗，共1383只眼。随着时间的推移，我们观察到NVG的患者数量和手术量逐年递增，年百分比变化（APC）分别为10.23%（95%置信区间[CI]: 5.5-15.2%, P = 0.001）和11.59% （95% CI: 6.6-16.9%, P = 0.001）。引流阀植入术（46.88%）、环破坏术（22.55%）和小梁切除术（6.24%）是三种最常见的治疗方案。引流阀植入术（APC = 6.59%, 95% CI = 0.9 ~ 12.6%, P = 0.028）、环破坏术（APC = 17.26%, 95% CI = 9.3 ~ 25.8%, P = 0.001）和小梁切除术（APC = 21.93%, 95% CI = 1.6 ~ 46.3%, P = 0.036）的频率增加。引流阀植入术比例逐渐下降（APC = -4.48%, 95% CI = -8.6 ~ -0.2%, P = 0.042），破坏环术比例逐渐上升（APC = 5.08%, 95% CI = 0.6 ~ 9.8%, P = 0.042），小梁切除术比例无明显变化（APC = 9.26%, 95% CI = -8.8 ~ 30.9%, P = 0.290）。在研究过程中，NVG的病例和相关手术量逐年增加。在三种最常用的手术中（引流阀植入、破坏环术和小梁切除术），每年的频率趋势显示引流阀植入增加但比例下降，而破坏环术的频率和比例均呈上升趋势；同时，小梁切除术的发生频率呈上升趋势，但比例无明显变化。
{"title":"Treatment modalities and trends for hospitalized patients with neovascular glaucoma: A retrospective study of 10 years","authors":"Huishan Lin , Xinbo Gao , Zhuoyi Wu , Wengian Tam , Wei Huang , Yue Dong , Xi Qin , Yao Liu , Chengguo Zuo , Mingkai Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To analyze the treatment modalities and trends for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) over the past 10 years, we conducted a retrospective analysis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center on 1331 NVG inpatients who received 1459 treatments for 1383 eyes between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021. Over time, we observed a progressive annual increase in both the number of patients and the volume of surgeries for NVG, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 10.23 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 5.5–15.2 %, <em>P</em> = 0.001) and 11.59 % (95 % CI: 6.6–16.9 %, <em>P</em> = 0.001), respectively. Drainage valve implantation (46.88 %), cyclodestructive procedures (22.55 %) and trabeculectomy (6.24 %) were the three most commonly selected treatment options. The frequency of drainage valve implantation (APC = 6.59 %, 95 % CI = 0.9–12.6 %, <em>P</em> = 0.028), cyclodestructive procedures (APC = 17.26 %, 95 % CI = 9.3–25.8 %, <em>P</em> = 0.001) and trabeculectomy (APC = 21.93 %, 95 % CI = 1.6–46.3 %, <em>P</em> = 0.036) increased. The proportion of drainage valve implantation gradually decreased (APC = –4.48 %, 95 % CI = –8.6 to –0.2 %, <em>P</em> = 0.042), while that of cyclodestructive procedures increased (APC = 5.08 %, 95 % CI = 0.6–9.8 %, <em>P</em> = 0.042), with no significant alteration observed in the proportion of trabeculectomy (APC = 9.26 %, 95 % CI = –8.8–30.9 %, <em>P</em> = 0.290). Over the course of the study, both the cases of NVG and the volume of related surgeries escalated year by year. Among the three most frequently employed procedures—drainage valve implantation, cyclodestructive procedures and trabeculectomy—annual frequency trends revealed an increase in drainage valve implantation alongside a decreasing proportion, while cyclodestructive procedures exhibited a rising trend in both frequency and proportion; simultaneously, trabeculectomy showed an increasing frequency without a significant change in its proportion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100143
Yunhee Lee , Eun-Jung Ahn , Soo-Wan Chae , Ali Aijaz Hussain
Purpose
Recovery rate of rod photoreceptor sensitivity (S2 gradient) following a bleach is reduced in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) due to diminished delivery of retinol across a grossly altered Bruch's membrane. Since triterpenoid saponins are known to improve transport across Bruch's, we have assessed their possible use for reversing the visual deficits in AMD.
Altogether 11 AMD patients and seven age-matched control subjects were recruited to undertake a small proof-of-principle study. Dark adaptation curves were obtained and S2 gradients evaluated using a Humphrey Field Analyser. Following basal determination of S2 gradients, oral supplementation of saponins (200 mg/day) or placebo regime was instigated for a period of 4 months. S2 gradients were re-evaluated at two and four months.
Results
Basal S2 gradients of the AMD cohort were determined as 0.41 ± 0.24 dB/min and those of the control subjects as 1.44 ± 0.1 dB/min. After two months of the saponin treatment, AMD subjects showed improved S2 gradients of 0.92 ± 0.23 dB/min (P < 0.005) with a further increase to 1.35 ± 0.19 dB/min at four months (P < 0.01), the latter not being significantly different from control subjects. S2 gradients in placebo subjects were unaltered.
Conclusions
Oral supplementation with saponins results in reversing the reduced S2 gradients in AMD. This improvement in the transport properties of Bruch's is expected to slow, halt or reverse the progression of AMD.
{"title":"Triterpenoid saponin–mediated recovery of visual deficits in age-related macular degeneration (AMD): Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial","authors":"Yunhee Lee , Eun-Jung Ahn , Soo-Wan Chae , Ali Aijaz Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Recovery rate of rod photoreceptor sensitivity (S2 gradient) following a bleach is reduced in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) due to diminished delivery of retinol across a grossly altered Bruch's membrane. Since triterpenoid saponins are known to improve transport across Bruch's, we have assessed their possible use for reversing the visual deficits in AMD.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Double-blind, placebo controlled randomised clinical trial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Altogether 11 AMD patients and seven age-matched control subjects were recruited to undertake a small proof-of-principle study. Dark adaptation curves were obtained and S2 gradients evaluated using a Humphrey Field Analyser. Following basal determination of S2 gradients, oral supplementation of saponins (200 mg/day) or placebo regime was instigated for a period of 4 months. S2 gradients were re-evaluated at two and four months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Basal S2 gradients of the AMD cohort were determined as 0.41 ± 0.24 dB/min and those of the control subjects as 1.44 ± 0.1 dB/min. After two months of the saponin treatment, AMD subjects showed improved S2 gradients of 0.92 ± 0.23 dB/min (<em>P</em> < 0.005) with a further increase to 1.35 ± 0.19 dB/min at four months (<em>P</em> < 0.01), the latter not being significantly different from control subjects. S2 gradients in placebo subjects were unaltered.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Oral supplementation with saponins results in reversing the reduced S2 gradients in AMD. This improvement in the transport properties of Bruch's is expected to slow, halt or reverse the progression of AMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100134
Wen Wen , Sonal K. Farzavandi , Miho Sato , Boon Long Quah , Simon T. Ko , T.S. Surendran , An-Guor Wang , Jeong-Min Hwang , Rita S. Sitorus , Shuan Dai , Wei Zhang , Kanxing Zhao , Jason C. Yam , Frank Martin , Chen Zhao
Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is a concomitant strabismus characterized by sudden onset, mostly associated with diplopia. The prevalence of AACE has significantly increased, and various management approaches have been recommended in recent years. This study by the Council of Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Society aimed to provide an overview of the clinical features, etiology and the nonsurgical and surgical treatment recommendations for the condition to equip strabismus specialists with the most updated knowledge.
{"title":"Clinical practices on acute acquired comitant esotropia: A consensus statement proposed by the Council of Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Society","authors":"Wen Wen , Sonal K. Farzavandi , Miho Sato , Boon Long Quah , Simon T. Ko , T.S. Surendran , An-Guor Wang , Jeong-Min Hwang , Rita S. Sitorus , Shuan Dai , Wei Zhang , Kanxing Zhao , Jason C. Yam , Frank Martin , Chen Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is a concomitant strabismus characterized by sudden onset, mostly associated with diplopia. The prevalence of AACE has significantly increased, and various management approaches have been recommended in recent years. This study by the Council of Asia-Pacific Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Society aimed to provide an overview of the clinical features, etiology and the nonsurgical and surgical treatment recommendations for the condition to equip strabismus specialists with the most updated knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100139
Yu Yao Wang , Li Jia Chen , Clement C. Tham , Jason C. Yam , Chi Pui Pang
Myopia is associated with interactive effects of genetic and environmental factors. The development of myopia in childhood is likely to be more dependent on genetic background. Candidate gene analysis, whole exome sequencing, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subsequent metaanalyses have identified more than 400 loci that are associated with myopia. However, most genome studies have been conducted in adults and only a few of genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in adult GWAS have been successfully replicated in children. In this review, we summarized these variants and compared the effect size between children and adults.
{"title":"Genes for childhood myopia","authors":"Yu Yao Wang , Li Jia Chen , Clement C. Tham , Jason C. Yam , Chi Pui Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myopia is associated with interactive effects of genetic and environmental factors. The development of myopia in childhood is likely to be more dependent on genetic background. Candidate gene analysis, whole exome sequencing, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and subsequent metaanalyses have identified more than 400 loci that are associated with myopia. However, most genome studies have been conducted in adults and only a few of genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms identified in adult GWAS have been successfully replicated in children. In this review, we summarized these variants and compared the effect size between children and adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号