Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100275
Jing Yao , Xiying Wang , Chenhao Yang , Lingyan Dong , Jiangtao Xu , Xiaojun Ren , Chao Jiang , Wenqing Zhu , Rongmei Zhou , Tienan Feng , Jie Hong , Hu Liu , Lianhong Zhou , Lihua Wang , Junhong Li , Xiaoli Kang , Yueping Li , Wei Zhang , Kanxing Zhao , Chen Zhao
Purpose
To assess the efficacy of slanted bilateral lateral rectus recession (S-BLR) versus conventional bilateral lateral rectus recession (C-BLR) in children with convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT).
Design
Multicentre, randomized controlled trial.
Methods
Chinese children aged 5–12 years with CI-IXT were consecutively enrolled, and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either S-BLR or C-BLR. The primary outcome was the 12-month overall success rate, defined as a postoperative residual deviation between 10Δ of exodeviation and 5Δ of esodeviation with near-distance disparity (NDD) < 10Δ.
Results
A total of 200 participants were enrolled, and 188 (97 S-BLR, 91 C-BLR) were finally included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. The median age was 8 (6−9) years, and 90 (48 %) were male. The 12-month overall success rates did not differ significantly between the groups (group difference 8 %, P = 0.27, adjusted P = 0.36). However, S-BLR exhibited a lower rate of near undercorrection (group difference −12 %, P = 0.06), more collapse of NDD (-2.00Δ, P = 0.001), less residual near exodeviation (-4.00Δ, P < 0.001), better control of near exodeviation (0.00, P = 0.01), and a higher proportion of improved stereoacuity (12 %, P = 0.06). Subgroup analysis for NDD≤ 15Δ revealed a higher success rate of near deviation (86 % versus 69 %, P = 0.02), and a lower rate of near undercorrection (13 % versus 30 %, P = 0.01) in S-BLR group. Aside from undercorrection and overcorrection, no additional long-term suboptimal surgical outcomes were observed.
Conclusions
Although the overall success rates did not differ, S-BLR showed potential superiority at near in children with CI-IXT. More participants with NDD> 15Δ, and a longer follow-up are needed to validate these findings.
{"title":"Slanted versus conventional bilateral lateral rectus recession in children with convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia: A multicentre, randomized trial","authors":"Jing Yao , Xiying Wang , Chenhao Yang , Lingyan Dong , Jiangtao Xu , Xiaojun Ren , Chao Jiang , Wenqing Zhu , Rongmei Zhou , Tienan Feng , Jie Hong , Hu Liu , Lianhong Zhou , Lihua Wang , Junhong Li , Xiaoli Kang , Yueping Li , Wei Zhang , Kanxing Zhao , Chen Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the efficacy of slanted bilateral lateral rectus recession (S-BLR) versus conventional bilateral lateral rectus recession (C-BLR) in children with convergence insufficiency intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Multicentre, randomized controlled trial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Chinese children aged 5–12 years with CI-IXT were consecutively enrolled, and randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either S-BLR or C-BLR. The primary outcome was the 12-month overall success rate, defined as a postoperative residual deviation between 10Δ of exodeviation and 5Δ of esodeviation with near-distance disparity (NDD) < 10Δ.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 200 participants were enrolled, and 188 (97 S-BLR, 91 C-BLR) were finally included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. The median age was 8 (6−9) years, and 90 (48 %) were male. The 12-month overall success rates did not differ significantly between the groups (group difference 8 %, <em>P</em> = 0.27, adjusted <em>P</em> = 0.36). However, S-BLR exhibited a lower rate of near undercorrection (group difference −12 %, <em>P</em> = 0.06), more collapse of NDD (-2.00<sup>Δ</sup>, <em>P</em> = 0.001), less residual near exodeviation (-4.00<sup>Δ</sup>, <em>P</em> < 0.001), better control of near exodeviation (0.00, <em>P</em> = 0.01), and a higher proportion of improved stereoacuity (12 %, <em>P</em> = 0.06). Subgroup analysis for NDD≤ 15<sup>Δ</sup> revealed a higher success rate of near deviation (86 % versus 69 %, <em>P</em> = 0.02), and a lower rate of near undercorrection (13 % versus 30 %, <em>P</em> = 0.01) in S-BLR group. Aside from undercorrection and overcorrection, no additional long-term suboptimal surgical outcomes were observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although the overall success rates did not differ, S-BLR showed potential superiority at near in children with CI-IXT. More participants with NDD> 15<sup>Δ</sup>, and a longer follow-up are needed to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145942361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100282
Joy Le Yi Wong , Haoran Cheng , Wen Jun Peh , Dean Ho , Tien Y. Wong , Celene Yan Yan Hui , Darren S.J. Ting , Yong Mong Bee , Su Yen Goh , Rajendra S. Apte , Vinit B. Mahajan , Jeffrey L. Goldberg , Evelyne Bischof , David A. Sinclair , Carol C. Cheung , Hiok Hong Chan , Kanae Fukutsu , Ting Fang Tan , Chrystie Wan Ning Quek , Ashley Shuen Ying Hong , Daniel S.W. Ting
As the world’s population ages, the focus of healthcare is shifting from extending life span to promoting health span. There is an unmet need to identify sensitive and reliable markers of health span through more cost-effective and non-invasive methods, to enable early and effective intervention on modifiable aging factors. The eye offers a unique window into systemic health, providing direct visualization of the body’s vascular and neural health. This review presents an overview of how various ocular structures can serve as biomarkers of health span—drawing on insights from ocular imaging, metabolomics, and proteomics, with evidence from basic science, animal models, and human clinical trials. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting biological age and the risk of age-related systemic conditions is also highlighted, with a focus on current applications and how AI is being integrated to synthesize and interpret multimodal data.
{"title":"Oculomics and AI: The eye as a biomarker for health span","authors":"Joy Le Yi Wong , Haoran Cheng , Wen Jun Peh , Dean Ho , Tien Y. Wong , Celene Yan Yan Hui , Darren S.J. Ting , Yong Mong Bee , Su Yen Goh , Rajendra S. Apte , Vinit B. Mahajan , Jeffrey L. Goldberg , Evelyne Bischof , David A. Sinclair , Carol C. Cheung , Hiok Hong Chan , Kanae Fukutsu , Ting Fang Tan , Chrystie Wan Ning Quek , Ashley Shuen Ying Hong , Daniel S.W. Ting","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the world’s population ages, the focus of healthcare is shifting from extending life span to promoting health span. There is an unmet need to identify sensitive and reliable markers of health span through more cost-effective and non-invasive methods, to enable early and effective intervention on modifiable aging factors. The eye offers a unique window into systemic health, providing direct visualization of the body’s vascular and neural health. This review presents an overview of how various ocular structures can serve as biomarkers of health span—drawing on insights from ocular imaging, metabolomics, and proteomics, with evidence from basic science, animal models, and human clinical trials. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in predicting biological age and the risk of age-related systemic conditions is also highlighted, with a focus on current applications and how AI is being integrated to synthesize and interpret multimodal data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100281
Jost B. Jonas, Dennis S.C. Lam
{"title":"Envisioning the future: Ever-increasing quality of the journal","authors":"Jost B. Jonas, Dennis S.C. Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 100281"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146017261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A rare case of caruncular actinomycosis presenting with tumor-like features","authors":"Tatsuya Sakamoto, Kentaro Sueoka, Taiichiro Chikama","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100278
Andrew Chang , Xiaodong Sun , Tomohiro Iida , Timothy Y.Y. Lai , Tien Y. Wong , Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung , Won Ki Lee , Xin Zhang , Andrea Schulze , Ursula Maria Schmidt-Ott , Min Zhao , Zoran Hasanbasic , Sergio Leal , Shih-Jen Chen , on behalf of the PULSAR study investigators
Purpose
To evaluate 1-year efficacy and safety of aflibercept 8 mg in Asian patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the PULSAR (NCT04423718) trial.
Design
Subgroup analysis of the Phase 3 PULSAR trial.
Methods
Patients aged ≥ 50 years with nAMD were randomized to receive intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg every 12 (8q12) or 16 (8q16) weeks, or aflibercept 2 mg every 8 weeks (2q8), following 3 initial monthly injections. Outcomes included change from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CRT), durability, and safety at week (W) 48.
Findings
Overall, 234 Asian patients participated and received study treatment (8q12 [n = 74], 8q16 [n = 77], and 2q8 [n = 83]). At W48, the least squares (LS) mean (95 % CI) BCVA change from baseline was + 9.9 (6.9, 12.9), + 9.2 (7.1, 11.2), and + 7.6 (4.7, 10.5) letters in the 8q12, 8q16, and 2q8 groups, respectively. The LS mean (95 % CI) change in CRT from baseline to W48 for the 8q12, 8q16, and 2q8 groups was −141 (−152, −129), −156 (−167, −146), and −142 (−155, −129) µm, respectively. Most patients receiving 8q12 (85 %) or 8q16 (87 %), maintained their randomized dosing interval, through W48. The safety profile of aflibercept 8 mg was comparable to aflibercept 2 mg.
Conclusions
Aflibercept 8 mg was effective and well tolerated in Asian patients with nAMD, with demonstrated improvements in functional and anatomic outcomes comparable to aflibercept 2 mg at W48. Aflibercept 8 mg outcomes were achieved with fewer injections than with aflibercept 2 mg, consistent with overall PULSAR results.
{"title":"Intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg versus 2 mg in Asian patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: 48-week analysis of the Phase 3 PULSAR trial","authors":"Andrew Chang , Xiaodong Sun , Tomohiro Iida , Timothy Y.Y. Lai , Tien Y. Wong , Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung , Won Ki Lee , Xin Zhang , Andrea Schulze , Ursula Maria Schmidt-Ott , Min Zhao , Zoran Hasanbasic , Sergio Leal , Shih-Jen Chen , on behalf of the PULSAR study investigators","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2026.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate 1-year efficacy and safety of aflibercept 8 mg in Asian patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the PULSAR (NCT04423718) trial.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Subgroup analysis of the Phase 3 PULSAR trial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients aged ≥ 50 years with nAMD were randomized to receive intravitreal aflibercept 8 mg every 12 (8q12) or 16 (8q16) weeks, or aflibercept 2 mg every 8 weeks (2q8), following 3 initial monthly injections. Outcomes included change from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield retinal thickness (CRT), durability, and safety at week (W) 48.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Overall, 234 Asian patients participated and received study treatment (8q12 [n = 74], 8q16 [n = 77], and 2q8 [n = 83]). At W48, the least squares (LS) mean (95 % CI) BCVA change from baseline was + 9.9 (6.9, 12.9), + 9.2 (7.1, 11.2), and + 7.6 (4.7, 10.5) letters in the 8q12, 8q16, and 2q8 groups, respectively. The LS mean (95 % CI) change in CRT from baseline to W48 for the 8q12, 8q16, and 2q8 groups was −141 (−152, −129), −156 (−167, −146), and −142 (−155, −129) µm, respectively. Most patients receiving 8q12 (85 %) or 8q16 (87 %), maintained their randomized dosing interval, through W48. The safety profile of aflibercept 8 mg was comparable to aflibercept 2 mg.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Aflibercept 8 mg was effective and well tolerated in Asian patients with nAMD, with demonstrated improvements in functional and anatomic outcomes comparable to aflibercept 2 mg at W48. Aflibercept 8 mg outcomes were achieved with fewer injections than with aflibercept 2 mg, consistent with overall PULSAR results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100263
Yidong Wu, Xuemei Zhang, Carol L Shields, Xiaolu Yang
{"title":"Choroidal myeloid sarcoma as the initial manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia.","authors":"Yidong Wu, Xuemei Zhang, Carol L Shields, Xiaolu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145511482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100247
David F. Chang , Aravind Haripriya
According to a 2025 APAO survey, reuse of phacoemulsification tubing and cassettes appears to be more common in Asian-Pacific countries compared to Europe and North America. We analyzed the phacoemulsification postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) rate from 2016 to 2024 at the Aravind Eye Care System’s 15 hospital network. Single-use phacoemulsification cassettes were routinely reused all day (off label) at every facility during this 9-year period. The POE rate was 0.01 % in 1,133,959 consecutive cases. This rate was consistent from year to year and compared favorably with contemporaneous POE data from the American Academy of Ophthalmology Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry (0.06 %), where presumably no reuse of phacoemulsification cassettes would have been allowed. We found no evidence that reusing the same phacoemulsification tubing and cassette all day increased the rate of POE.
{"title":"Postoperative endophthalmitis rate associated with routine off-label reuse of single-use phacoemulsification cassettes in more than 1,000,000 consecutive surgeries","authors":"David F. Chang , Aravind Haripriya","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to a 2025 APAO survey, reuse of phacoemulsification tubing and cassettes appears to be more common in Asian-Pacific countries compared to Europe and North America. We analyzed the phacoemulsification postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) rate from 2016 to 2024 at the Aravind Eye Care System’s 15 hospital network. Single-use phacoemulsification cassettes were routinely reused all day (off label) at every facility during this 9-year period. The POE rate was 0.01 % in 1,133,959 consecutive cases. This rate was consistent from year to year and compared favorably with contemporaneous POE data from the American Academy of Ophthalmology Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry (0.06 %), where presumably no reuse of phacoemulsification cassettes would have been allowed. We found no evidence that reusing the same phacoemulsification tubing and cassette all day increased the rate of POE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"14 6","pages":"Article 100247"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145190747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}