{"title":"The Butterfly Fauna of Sri Lanka by George Michael van der Poorten and Nancy E. van der Poorten. Lepodon Books. 2016. vi+418 pp; hardback; 21.6 cm × 28 cm. ISBN 978-1-771136-198-7. Price £50.: Book Review","authors":"M. Braby","doi":"10.1111/aen.12221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/aen.12221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"62752060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-02-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-6055.2009.00733.X
A. D. Socorro, P. Gregg, D. Alter, C. Moore
This paper is the first of a series which will describe the development of a synthetic plant volatile-based attracticide for noctuid moths. It discusses potential sources of volatiles attractive to the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), and an approach to the combination of these volatiles in synthetic blends. We screened a number of known host and non-host (for larval development) plants for attractiveness to unmated male and female moths of this species, using a two-choice olfactometer system. Out of 38 plants tested, 33 were significantly attractive to both sexes. There was a strong correlation between attractiveness of plants to males and females. The Australian natives, Angophora floribunda and several Eucalyptus species were the most attractive plants. These plants have not been recorded either as larval or oviposition hosts of Helicoverpa spp., suggesting that attraction in the olfactometer might have been as nectar foraging rather than as oviposition sources. To identify potential compounds that might be useful in developing moth attractants, especially for females, collections of volatiles were made from plants that were attractive to moths in the olfactometer. Green leaf volatiles, floral volatiles, aromatic compounds, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found. We propose an approach to developing synthetic attractants, here termed 'super-blending', in which compounds from all these classes, which are in common between attractive plants, might be combined in blends which do not mimic any particular attractive plant.
{"title":"Development of a synthetic plant volatile-based attracticide for female noctuid moths. I. Potential sources of volatiles attractive to Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"A. D. Socorro, P. Gregg, D. Alter, C. Moore","doi":"10.1111/J.1440-6055.2009.00733.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2009.00733.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is the first of a series which will describe the development of a synthetic plant volatile-based attracticide for noctuid moths. It discusses potential sources of volatiles attractive to the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), and an approach to the combination of these volatiles in synthetic blends. We screened a number of known host and non-host (for larval development) plants for attractiveness to unmated male and female moths of this species, using a two-choice olfactometer system. Out of 38 plants tested, 33 were significantly attractive to both sexes. There was a strong correlation between attractiveness of plants to males and females. The Australian natives, Angophora floribunda and several Eucalyptus species were the most attractive plants. These plants have not been recorded either as larval or oviposition hosts of Helicoverpa spp., suggesting that attraction in the olfactometer might have been as nectar foraging rather than as oviposition sources. To identify potential compounds that might be useful in developing moth attractants, especially for females, collections of volatiles were made from plants that were attractive to moths in the olfactometer. Green leaf volatiles, floral volatiles, aromatic compounds, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were found. We propose an approach to developing synthetic attractants, here termed 'super-blending', in which compounds from all these classes, which are in common between attractive plants, might be combined in blends which do not mimic any particular attractive plant.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2009.00733.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63141566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-07-07DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X
M. Harvey, J. Waldock
{"title":"Review of the spider genus Yoroa Baert (Araneae: Theridiidae: Hadrotarsinae): Spider genus Yoroa","authors":"M. Harvey, J. Waldock","doi":"10.1111/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63112201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-6055.2006.00531.X
Scott P Carroll, J. Loye, H. Dingle, M. Mathieson, M. Zalucki
{"title":"Ecology of Leptocoris Hahn (Hemiptera : Rhopalidae) soapberry bugs in Australia (vol 44, pg 344, 2005)","authors":"Scott P Carroll, J. Loye, H. Dingle, M. Mathieson, M. Zalucki","doi":"10.1111/J.1440-6055.2006.00531.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2006.00531.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1440-6055.2006.00531.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63135987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-11-01DOI: 10.1046/J.1440-6055.2003.00365.X
Mustapha F. A. Jallow, M. Zalucki
We investigated the oviposition preference and larval performance of Helicoverpa armigera under laboratory conditions to determine if the oviposition preference of individual females on maize, cowpea and cotton correlates with offspring performance on the leaves of the same host plants. The host-plant preference hierarchy of females did not correlate with their offspring performance. Female moths chose host plants that contributed less to their offspring fitness. Plant effects accounted for the largest amount of variation in offspring performance, while the effects of female (family) was low. The offspring of most females (80%, n = 10) were broadly similar, but 20% (two out of 10), showed marked difference in their offspring performance across the host-plant species. Similarly, there was no relation between larval feeding preference and performance. However, like most laboratory experiments, our experi-mental design does not allow the evaluation of ecological factors (for example, natural enemies, host abundance, etc.) that can play an important role in larval performance in the field. Overall, the results highlight the importance of carrying out preference performance analysis on the individual or family level, rather than pooling individuals to obtain average population data.
{"title":"RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE AND OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE IN AUSTRALIAN HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA (HUBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)","authors":"Mustapha F. A. Jallow, M. Zalucki","doi":"10.1046/J.1440-6055.2003.00365.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1440-6055.2003.00365.X","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the oviposition preference and larval performance of Helicoverpa armigera under laboratory conditions to determine if the oviposition preference of individual females on maize, cowpea and cotton correlates with offspring performance on the leaves of the same host plants. The host-plant preference hierarchy of females did not correlate with their offspring performance. Female moths chose host plants that contributed less to their offspring fitness. Plant effects accounted for the largest amount of variation in offspring performance, while the effects of female (family) was low. The offspring of most females (80%, n = 10) were broadly similar, but 20% (two out of 10), showed marked difference in their offspring performance across the host-plant species. Similarly, there was no relation between larval feeding preference and performance. However, like most laboratory experiments, our experi-mental design does not allow the evaluation of ecological factors (for example, natural enemies, host abundance, etc.) that can play an important role in larval performance in the field. Overall, the results highlight the importance of carrying out preference performance analysis on the individual or family level, rather than pooling individuals to obtain average population data.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/J.1440-6055.2003.00365.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57653469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-08DOI: 10.1046/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X
M. Harvey, J. Waldock
A new species of Yoroa Baert, Yoroa taylori sp. n., is described from northern Queensland, and the type species, Yoroa clypeoglandularis Baert from Papua New Guinea, is redescribed. The previously unknown females of Y. clypeoglandularis possess identical clypeal openings to those of the males, and possess two pairs of spermathecae and a dorsoventrally flattened pedipalpal claw. These are character states that are apomorphic for the Hadrotarsinae.
{"title":"Review of the spider genus Yoroa Baert (Araneae: Theridiidae: Hadrotarsinae)","authors":"M. Harvey, J. Waldock","doi":"10.1046/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1440-6055.2000.00150.X","url":null,"abstract":"A new species of Yoroa Baert, Yoroa taylori sp. n., is described from northern Queensland, and the type species, Yoroa clypeoglandularis Baert from Papua New Guinea, is redescribed. The previously unknown females of Y. clypeoglandularis possess identical clypeal openings to those of the males, and possess two pairs of spermathecae and a dorsoventrally flattened pedipalpal claw. These are character states that are apomorphic for the Hadrotarsinae.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57650908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01393.x
A. Bishop, H. McKenzie, I. Barchia, R. Murison, L. Spohr
A study was made of the positions of juvenile stages of Culicoides brevitarsis and of four other species of flies (Diptera) breeding in bovine dung. The objective was to provide information on sampling cores of dung for laboratory experiments and to study fly behaviour associated with the breeding habitat. Oviposition and field exposure of dung were restricted to 2 d and this enabled relatively discrete populations of flies to be investigated. All species were reasonably abundant after 2 d of oviposition. Distributions were contrasted by dividing the dung into vertical and horizontal segments. C. brevitarsis, A ustralosepsis niveipennis and Leptocera mirabilis oviposited mainly in the top of the dung, while Sepsis nitens and Psychoda sp. oviposited mainly in the lower half. After hatching, the proportions of flies varied between positions and over time. Except for C. brevitarsis, the adult flies were reared from the half of the pat associated with oviposition. C. brevitarsis and A. niveipennis rearings were evenly distributed in centre and outer positions 4 d after dung deposition and C. brevitarsis showed clear changes in vertical position over time. Moisture content in the dung decreased by 16.1% after 10 d, mainly in the upper half of the pat. Greater numbers of C. brevitarsis were associated with areas of higher moisture. The fly species varied in their times of emergence with C. brevitarsis emerging later in the lower half positions than in the upper half positions 10 d after deposition of the dung. A procedure for sampling cores of dung is proposed.
{"title":"Positions of Juvenile Stages of Culicoides brevitarsis Kieffer (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and of Four Other Flies in Bovine Dung","authors":"A. Bishop, H. McKenzie, I. Barchia, R. Murison, L. Spohr","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01393.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01393.x","url":null,"abstract":"A study was made of the positions of juvenile stages of Culicoides brevitarsis and of four other species of flies (Diptera) breeding in bovine dung. The objective was to provide information on sampling cores of dung for laboratory experiments and to study fly behaviour associated with the breeding habitat. Oviposition and field exposure of dung were restricted to 2 d and this enabled relatively discrete populations of flies to be investigated. All species were reasonably abundant after 2 d of oviposition. Distributions were contrasted by dividing the dung into vertical and horizontal segments. C. brevitarsis, A ustralosepsis niveipennis and Leptocera mirabilis oviposited mainly in the top of the dung, while Sepsis nitens and Psychoda sp. oviposited mainly in the lower half. After hatching, the proportions of flies varied between positions and over time. Except for C. brevitarsis, the adult flies were reared from the half of the pat associated with oviposition. C. brevitarsis and A. niveipennis rearings were evenly distributed in centre and outer positions 4 d after dung deposition and C. brevitarsis showed clear changes in vertical position over time. Moisture content in the dung decreased by 16.1% after 10 d, mainly in the upper half of the pat. Greater numbers of C. brevitarsis were associated with areas of higher moisture. The fly species varied in their times of emergence with C. brevitarsis emerging later in the lower half positions than in the upper half positions 10 d after deposition of the dung. A procedure for sampling cores of dung is proposed.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01393.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63106465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01394.x
Alan N. Andersen, ALISTER V. Spain
A total of 96 species from 28 genera were recorded from a combination of pitfall trapping, baiting and hand collecting at five sites in the Bowen Basin region (mean annual rainfall about 600 mm) of central Queensland. The richest genera were Camponotus (15 species), Iridomyrmex (10), Melophorus (12), Monomorium (10), Pheidole (8), Meranoplus (6) and Polyrhachis (6). Twenty‐nine of the species have Eyrean affinities, 15 Torresian, and five Bassian, with the remaining 47 representing widespread taxa. Species turnover was very high across the sites sampled, with 69 (72%) recorded at only one site. Almost all the species that could be confidently named, including Myrmecia varians Mayr, Anochetus armstrongi McAreavey, Brachyponera lutea (Mayr), Iridomyrmexpurpureus (F. Smith), I. sanguineus Forel, Camponotus dromas Santschi, C. ephippium (F. Smith), C. whitei Wheeler, Opisthopsis pictus Emery, O. rufithorax Emery, Polyrhachis ammon (Fab.), P. senilis Forel, and P. trapezoidea Mayr, are widespread in northern or eastern Australia, but most of the other species (the majority) appear to have far more restricted distributions. The relative contributions of species by major genera were very similar to those found elsewhere in the Australian semi‐arid tropics, and, with the exception of Bassian genera, are also similar to those in the southern semi‐arid zone. These patterns are reflected in the biogeographic profiles and functional group composition of the various faunas. They point to a structurally rather uniform arid‐adapted fauna occurring throughout arid and semi‐arid Australia, with additional contributions by Torresian taxa in the north, and Bassian taxa in the south.
{"title":"The Ant Fauna of the Bo wen Basin, in the Semi‐arid Tropics of Central Queensland (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"Alan N. Andersen, ALISTER V. Spain","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01394.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01394.x","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 96 species from 28 genera were recorded from a combination of pitfall trapping, baiting and hand collecting at five sites in the Bowen Basin region (mean annual rainfall about 600 mm) of central Queensland. The richest genera were Camponotus (15 species), Iridomyrmex (10), Melophorus (12), Monomorium (10), Pheidole (8), Meranoplus (6) and Polyrhachis (6). Twenty‐nine of the species have Eyrean affinities, 15 Torresian, and five Bassian, with the remaining 47 representing widespread taxa. Species turnover was very high across the sites sampled, with 69 (72%) recorded at only one site. Almost all the species that could be confidently named, including Myrmecia varians Mayr, Anochetus armstrongi McAreavey, Brachyponera lutea (Mayr), Iridomyrmexpurpureus (F. Smith), I. sanguineus Forel, Camponotus dromas Santschi, C. ephippium (F. Smith), C. whitei Wheeler, Opisthopsis pictus Emery, O. rufithorax Emery, Polyrhachis ammon (Fab.), P. senilis Forel, and P. trapezoidea Mayr, are widespread in northern or eastern Australia, but most of the other species (the majority) appear to have far more restricted distributions. The relative contributions of species by major genera were very similar to those found elsewhere in the Australian semi‐arid tropics, and, with the exception of Bassian genera, are also similar to those in the southern semi‐arid zone. These patterns are reflected in the biogeographic profiles and functional group composition of the various faunas. They point to a structurally rather uniform arid‐adapted fauna occurring throughout arid and semi‐arid Australia, with additional contributions by Torresian taxa in the north, and Bassian taxa in the south.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01394.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63106568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-08-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01403.x
G. Floater
Larval dispersal is an important component of the population ecology of many lepidopteran species. However, measuring dispersal in the field is notoriously difficult, labour‐intensive and often expensive. An indirect method for estimating larval dispersal is outlined. Frass and exuviae of processionary caterpillars, O. lunifer, present at the base of host trees are used to estimate the number of migration events to and from trees in a season. Estimates using this method compared favourably with estimates from a mark‐recapture method. The technique can be used to estimate rates of dispersal at a large number of localities by a single researcher, allowing dispersal to be compared between different populations
{"title":"Estimating Movement of the Processionary Caterpillar Ochrogaster Zunifer Herrich‐Schäffer (Lepidoptera: Thaumetopoeidae) between Discrete Resource Patches","authors":"G. Floater","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01403.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01403.x","url":null,"abstract":"Larval dispersal is an important component of the population ecology of many lepidopteran species. However, measuring dispersal in the field is notoriously difficult, labour‐intensive and often expensive. An indirect method for estimating larval dispersal is outlined. Frass and exuviae of processionary caterpillars, O. lunifer, present at the base of host trees are used to estimate the number of migration events to and from trees in a season. Estimates using this method compared favourably with estimates from a mark‐recapture method. The technique can be used to estimate rates of dispersal at a large number of localities by a single researcher, allowing dispersal to be compared between different populations","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01403.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63107012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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