Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01370.x
P. Allsopp, C. Chilcott, T. K. McGHIE
The activity of proteins from two New Zealand strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, DSIR517 and DSIRl246, was determined against the Australian canegrub Antitrogus consanguineus. Two DIG‐labelled crystal proteins from strain DSIR1246 and three from strain DSIR517 bound to the brush border membrane vesicles of third‐instar A. consanguineus. However, when fed to second and third instars the proteins caused no reduction in weight gain or no increased mortality. We conclude that the proteins are dissolved and activated in the gut of A. consanguineus and bind to the gut wall and that the proteins presumably do not insert into the plasma membrane of the gut of A. consanguineus resulting in no toxicity.
{"title":"Activity of Proteins from Two New Zealand Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis against Larvae of Antitrogus consanguineus (Blackburn) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)","authors":"P. Allsopp, C. Chilcott, T. K. McGHIE","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01370.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01370.x","url":null,"abstract":"The activity of proteins from two New Zealand strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, DSIR517 and DSIRl246, was determined against the Australian canegrub Antitrogus consanguineus. Two DIG‐labelled crystal proteins from strain DSIR1246 and three from strain DSIR517 bound to the brush border membrane vesicles of third‐instar A. consanguineus. However, when fed to second and third instars the proteins caused no reduction in weight gain or no increased mortality. We conclude that the proteins are dissolved and activated in the gut of A. consanguineus and bind to the gut wall and that the proteins presumably do not insert into the plasma membrane of the gut of A. consanguineus resulting in no toxicity.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01370.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01379.x
Geoff R. Allen, T. Pape
Bluesoxiphu rugg was recorded parasitising both sexes of the bushcricket, Sciurusuga quadrutu, at Cape Naturaliste in Western Australia. This is the first host record for B. rugg. Parasitism rates recorded over three successive seasons ranged from 0 to 11.1%. Parasite development within the host was 6 d. Parasitised male S. quudrutu were frequently multiparasitised with the ormiine tachinid fly Homotrixu alleni Barraclough. From 6 to 24 B. rugg developed in each host, with pupal size significantly affected by the number of larvae per host. The duration of the pupal stage at 15‐25 °C ranged from 13 to 35 d. The sex ratio of emerged flies was 50:50. The previously unknown adult female fly and third‐instar larva of B. rugg are described.
{"title":"Description of Female and Biology of Blaesoxipha ragg Pape (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), a Parasitoid of Sciarasaga quadrata Rentz (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) in Western Australia","authors":"Geoff R. Allen, T. Pape","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01379.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01379.x","url":null,"abstract":"Bluesoxiphu rugg was recorded parasitising both sexes of the bushcricket, Sciurusuga quadrutu, at Cape Naturaliste in Western Australia. This is the first host record for B. rugg. Parasitism rates recorded over three successive seasons ranged from 0 to 11.1%. Parasite development within the host was 6 d. Parasitised male S. quudrutu were frequently multiparasitised with the ormiine tachinid fly Homotrixu alleni Barraclough. From 6 to 24 B. rugg developed in each host, with pupal size significantly affected by the number of larvae per host. The duration of the pupal stage at 15‐25 °C ranged from 13 to 35 d. The sex ratio of emerged flies was 50:50. The previously unknown adult female fly and third‐instar larva of B. rugg are described.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01379.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01383.X
R. Eldridge
The Australian species of Glyptotermes Froggatt are revised and two new species, G. barretti and G. finniganensis, from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, are described. The following new synonymy is proposed: G. eucalypti Froggatt (=G. neotuberculatus (Hill)). The revision was based on a morphometric analysis of all available full series collections of Glyptotermes spp. held in Australian institutions. In addition to the above, the Australian species include G. brevicornis Froggatt, G. iridipennis Froggatt and G. tuberculatus Froggatt. Keys to the alate and soldier castes of the six Australian species now included in Glyptotermes are provided.
{"title":"Revision of Australian Glyptotermes Froggatt (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae)","authors":"R. Eldridge","doi":"10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01383.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01383.X","url":null,"abstract":"The Australian species of Glyptotermes Froggatt are revised and two new species, G. barretti and G. finniganensis, from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, are described. The following new synonymy is proposed: G. eucalypti Froggatt (=G. neotuberculatus (Hill)). The revision was based on a morphometric analysis of all available full series collections of Glyptotermes spp. held in Australian institutions. In addition to the above, the Australian species include G. brevicornis Froggatt, G. iridipennis Froggatt and G. tuberculatus Froggatt. Keys to the alate and soldier castes of the six Australian species now included in Glyptotermes are provided.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01383.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01382.x
G. Herron, J. Rophail, GRAEME C. Gullick
Two field collected strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, were tested against proprietary and experimental formulations of insecticide. Thrips were tested using a novel method whereby thrips were confined in testing units throughout all stages of the bioassay procedure. The bioassay technique proved to be quick and robust. Of the chemicals tested, the two non‐registered compounds chlorfenopyr and fipronil were most active against field‐collected F. occidentalis. The field‐collected strains were tolerant to a range of organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid chemicals. Comparisons of dose‐response curves with established field‐use‐rates indicate that only methiocarb and methamidophos are likely to be completely effective in the field. The theoretical implications of the data for management of F. occidentalis in Australia is discussed.
{"title":"Laboratory‐Based, Insecticide Efficacy Studies on Field‐Collected Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Implications for its Management in Australia","authors":"G. Herron, J. Rophail, GRAEME C. Gullick","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01382.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01382.x","url":null,"abstract":"Two field collected strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, were tested against proprietary and experimental formulations of insecticide. Thrips were tested using a novel method whereby thrips were confined in testing units throughout all stages of the bioassay procedure. The bioassay technique proved to be quick and robust. Of the chemicals tested, the two non‐registered compounds chlorfenopyr and fipronil were most active against field‐collected F. occidentalis. The field‐collected strains were tolerant to a range of organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid chemicals. Comparisons of dose‐response curves with established field‐use‐rates indicate that only methiocarb and methamidophos are likely to be completely effective in the field. The theoretical implications of the data for management of F. occidentalis in Australia is discussed.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01382.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01377.x
D. Barraclough, Geoff R. Allen
A synopsis of Old World ormiine systematics and biology is given. Homotrixa Villeneuve is differentiated from all four other Old World genera of Ormiini. The generic identity of Homotrixa is discussed. Both sexes of two new species of Homotrixa from southwestern Australia are described, keyed and figured, namely Homotrixa alleni Barraclough sp.n. and H. hirsuta Barraclough sp.n. The puparium of H. alleni is also described. These are the first species of Homotrixa to be described from Australasia; the genus is otherwise known only from the type locality of the type species in Taiwan. Further species of Homotrixa from northern Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory remain undescribed. The genus appears not to occur south of 36 °s in Australia. Recorded hosts of H. alleni include three species of Tettigoniidae: Sciarasaga quadrata Rentz, Mygalopsis pauperculus (Walker) and Pachysaga croceopteryx Rentz.
{"title":"Two New Species of Homotrixa Villeneuve (Diptera: Tachinidae: Ormiini) from Southwestern Australia, With Data on Biology and Ecology","authors":"D. Barraclough, Geoff R. Allen","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01377.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01377.x","url":null,"abstract":"A synopsis of Old World ormiine systematics and biology is given. Homotrixa Villeneuve is differentiated from all four other Old World genera of Ormiini. The generic identity of Homotrixa is discussed. Both sexes of two new species of Homotrixa from southwestern Australia are described, keyed and figured, namely Homotrixa alleni Barraclough sp.n. and H. hirsuta Barraclough sp.n. The puparium of H. alleni is also described. These are the first species of Homotrixa to be described from Australasia; the genus is otherwise known only from the type locality of the type species in Taiwan. Further species of Homotrixa from northern Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory remain undescribed. The genus appears not to occur south of 36 °s in Australia. Recorded hosts of H. alleni include three species of Tettigoniidae: Sciarasaga quadrata Rentz, Mygalopsis pauperculus (Walker) and Pachysaga croceopteryx Rentz.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01377.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01380.x
MITcHELL Watt, D. Hales
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a polyphagous aphid that is a pest on a wide range of commercially important crops. It sometimes gives birth to small yellow offspring that grow to be only about 1/2 to 1/3 of the typicaladult weight. These “yellow dwarfs” differ from the typical form in their small size, by having 5 instead of 6 antennal segments, and by never attaining dark greedblack coloration; they are considered to be a separate developmentally‐programmed morph. A morphometric description of the yellow dwarf form is provided. Yellow dwarfs develop at a slower rate than typical aphids and have a lower intrinsic rate of increase. An orthogonal experiment demonstrated that production of yellow dwarfs can be induced by presumed less‐suitable host‐plant species at temperatures of 15 ° and 25 °, but not 20 °C. Crowding may also induce birth of yellow dwarfs. Possible advantages of the yellow dwarf developmental pathway are discussed.
{"title":"Dwarf Phenotype of the Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","authors":"MITcHELL Watt, D. Hales","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01380.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01380.x","url":null,"abstract":"The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, is a polyphagous aphid that is a pest on a wide range of commercially important crops. It sometimes gives birth to small yellow offspring that grow to be only about 1/2 to 1/3 of the typicaladult weight. These “yellow dwarfs” differ from the typical form in their small size, by having 5 instead of 6 antennal segments, and by never attaining dark greedblack coloration; they are considered to be a separate developmentally‐programmed morph. A morphometric description of the yellow dwarf form is provided. Yellow dwarfs develop at a slower rate than typical aphids and have a lower intrinsic rate of increase. An orthogonal experiment demonstrated that production of yellow dwarfs can be induced by presumed less‐suitable host‐plant species at temperatures of 15 ° and 25 °, but not 20 °C. Crowding may also induce birth of yellow dwarfs. Possible advantages of the yellow dwarf developmental pathway are discussed.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01380.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01378.x
M. Daccordi
{"title":"Comment on Book Review","authors":"M. Daccordi","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01378.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01378.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":"146-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01378.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63105805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01385.X
D. Woodward, Glen Osmond
Native plants from remnant strip vegetation at roadside sites near Keith, South Australia were monitored during the period when leafcutting bees, Megachile rotundata, were managed on nearby lucerne crops. The predominant native plants flowering at sampling sites during the November to March period included Melaleuca uncinata, Melaleuca lanceobta, Baeckia behrii and Bursaria spinosa. No M. rotundata were found on native vegetation. No M. rotundata prepupae were found in 12 microdomiciles placed in a nearby Conservation Park. The results of the monitoring program suggested feral leafcutting bee populations were unlikely to have established in significant numbers and the impact on the local plants and animals was negligible.
{"title":"Monitoring for Impact of the Introduced Leafcutting Bee, Megachile rotundata (F.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), Near Release Sites in South Australia","authors":"D. Woodward, Glen Osmond","doi":"10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01385.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01385.X","url":null,"abstract":"Native plants from remnant strip vegetation at roadside sites near Keith, South Australia were monitored during the period when leafcutting bees, Megachile rotundata, were managed on nearby lucerne crops. The predominant native plants flowering at sampling sites during the November to March period included Melaleuca uncinata, Melaleuca lanceobta, Baeckia behrii and Bursaria spinosa. No M. rotundata were found on native vegetation. No M. rotundata prepupae were found in 12 microdomiciles placed in a nearby Conservation Park. The results of the monitoring program suggested feral leafcutting bee populations were unlikely to have established in significant numbers and the impact on the local plants and animals was negligible.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/J.1440-6055.1996.TB01385.X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63106101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01376.x
P. Wright, C. Easton
Culicoides molestus larvae inhabiting canal estate beaches in the Tweed Valley, New South Wales, were infected by the fungus Lagenidium giganteum during 1994. This is the first record of a pathogen infecting C. molestus. The monthly average infection at four sites ranged from 33% to 1.2%. At one site, Endless Summer, epizootics were recorded in August and November with 100% and 62% infection, respectively. with the water adjacent to the canal beach having a salinity of over 30 ppt NaC1.
{"title":"Natural Incidence of Lagenidium giganteum Couch (Oomycetes: Lagenidiales) Infecting the Biting Midge Culicoides molestus (Skuse) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)","authors":"P. Wright, C. Easton","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01376.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01376.x","url":null,"abstract":"Culicoides molestus larvae inhabiting canal estate beaches in the Tweed Valley, New South Wales, were infected by the fungus Lagenidium giganteum during 1994. This is the first record of a pathogen infecting C. molestus. The monthly average infection at four sites ranged from 33% to 1.2%. At one site, Endless Summer, epizootics were recorded in August and November with 100% and 62% infection, respectively. with the water adjacent to the canal beach having a salinity of over 30 ppt NaC1.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01376.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63106162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-05-01DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01384.x
J. Ismay, Elachiptereicus Becker
Elachiptereicus Becker is recorded from Australia for the first time. Elachiptereicus australiensis, Chloropsina deemingi and Eutropha spenceri spp.n. are described from Australia. Existing keys to genera and species are modified to incorporate these additions.
{"title":"New Species of Chloropinae (Diptera: Chloropidae) from Australia","authors":"J. Ismay, Elachiptereicus Becker","doi":"10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01384.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01384.x","url":null,"abstract":"Elachiptereicus Becker is recorded from Australia for the first time. Elachiptereicus australiensis, Chloropsina deemingi and Eutropha spenceri spp.n. are described from Australia. Existing keys to genera and species are modified to incorporate these additions.","PeriodicalId":8614,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Entomology","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1996.tb01384.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"63106040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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