The f ormation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals is the most important effect of radiation exposure on biological system s . Several studies have shown that several vegetables are proven to have beneficial effect s to protect the body from free radical attacks. This current study was focused on exploring the capability of extracts of garlic, stinky bean, dog fruit, and tomato, as well as N-acetylcystein (NAC), in counteracting free radicals induced by gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy. Seven treatments on male rat were as follow: A (control), B (5 Gy), C (garlic + 5 Gy), D (stinky bean + 5 Gy), E (dog fruit + 5 Gy), F (tomato + 5 Gy) and G (NAC + 5 Gy). The rats were irradiated 8 days after the sup p lement had been given. Detection of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was done by biochemical assays, and γ-H2AX foci w ere counted by immunofluorescence assay to the lymphocytes and plasma samples. The results showed that gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy caused increases in the level of MDA, 8-OHdG, and γ-H2AX foci while decreases were recorded in the level of GSH, GPx, and CAT (p < 0.05). The treatment of garlic, dog fruit, and tomato extracts and NAC reduced free radicals significantly. In conclusion, the tomato has the best ability to overcome free radicals due to gamma irradiation among the treatments in the experiment. User 14.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
{"title":"Effect of Garlic, Stinky Bean, Dogfruit, Tomato Extracts, and N-acetylcysteine on Rats after 5 Gy Irradiation","authors":"T. Kisnanto, Iin Kurnia, M. Sadikin","doi":"10.17146/aij.2020.968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2020.968","url":null,"abstract":"The f ormation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals is the most important effect of radiation exposure on biological system s . Several studies have shown that several vegetables are proven to have beneficial effect s to protect the body from free radical attacks. This current study was focused on exploring the capability of extracts of garlic, stinky bean, dog fruit, and tomato, as well as N-acetylcystein (NAC), in counteracting free radicals induced by gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy. Seven treatments on male rat were as follow: A (control), B (5 Gy), C (garlic + 5 Gy), D (stinky bean + 5 Gy), E (dog fruit + 5 Gy), F (tomato + 5 Gy) and G (NAC + 5 Gy). The rats were irradiated 8 days after the sup p lement had been given. Detection of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was done by biochemical assays, and γ-H2AX foci w ere counted by immunofluorescence assay to the lymphocytes and plasma samples. The results showed that gamma irradiation with a dose of 5 Gy caused increases in the level of MDA, 8-OHdG, and γ-H2AX foci while decreases were recorded in the level of GSH, GPx, and CAT (p < 0.05). The treatment of garlic, dog fruit, and tomato extracts and NAC reduced free radicals significantly. In conclusion, the tomato has the best ability to overcome free radicals due to gamma irradiation among the treatments in the experiment. User 14.00 Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ \u0000 table.MsoNormalTable \u0000 {mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; \u0000 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \u0000 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \u0000 mso-style-noshow:yes; \u0000 mso-style-priority:99; \u0000 mso-style-parent:\"\"; \u0000 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; \u0000 mso-para-margin:0cm; \u0000 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \u0000 mso-pagination:widow-orphan; \u0000 font-size:10.0pt; \u0000 font-family:\"Times New Roman\",\"serif\"; \u0000 mso-ansi-language:EN-US; \u0000 mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43751124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nishida, M. Yamaguchi, S. Miura, K. Waga, N. Kawabata, M. Syaifudin, I. Kashiwakura
In cases of radiological accidents, especially for victims exposed to high-dose total-body irradiation (TBI), the administration of appropriate approved hematopoietic drugs is the most rapid medical treatment for preventing severe acute radiation syndrome, which is associated with a high mortality rate. However, at present, there are few suitable pharmaceutical drugs available in Japan, aside from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Depending on the situation surrounding the accident, various drug treatment options and the development of effective drug therapies may be required. In the present study, we assessed various combinations of seven commercially available drugs - G-CSF, erythropoietin (EPO), romiplostim (RP), ancer (AN), cepharanthine (CE), leucon (LC) and leukoprol (LP) - in mice exposed to a lethal dose of 7 or 8 Gy of X-ray irradiation . Each drug was administered as a single or mixed intraperitoneal injection once or twice daily for three consecutive days. The single administration of the approved hematopoietic drugs CE, LC, or LP twice a day for 3 days significantly improved the 30-day survival rate of lethal TBI mice ( p < 0.05; 75 %, 100 %, or 100 %, respectively) compared with the untreated TBI mice, accompanied by a gradual increase in the body weight. Furthermore, the combined administration of RP, EPO and G-CSF or single administration of RP alone gradually increased the body weight of mice exposed to lethal TBI, with 30-day survival rates of 75 % or 100 %, respectively ( p < 0.05). This study suggested that some new domestically approved hematopoietic drugs may have radiomitigative potential for mice exposed to lethal TBI, and the 12-h interval administration of LC or LP for 3 days to 7-Gy-TBI mice and 12-h interval administration of RP alone for 3 days to 8-Gy-TBI mice were the most suitable medications with respect to the 30-day survival rate. As long as the threat of nuclear disaster exists, diverse efforts in the field of radiation emergency medicine, including the development of effective drug therapies, will be necessary. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-ansi-language:EN-US; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
{"title":"Radiomitigative Effects of Approved Hematopoietic Drugs on Mice Exposed to Lethal Total-body Irradiation","authors":"T. Nishida, M. Yamaguchi, S. Miura, K. Waga, N. Kawabata, M. Syaifudin, I. Kashiwakura","doi":"10.17146/aij.2020.950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2020.950","url":null,"abstract":"In cases of radiological accidents, especially for victims exposed to high-dose total-body irradiation (TBI), the administration of appropriate approved hematopoietic drugs is the most rapid medical treatment for preventing severe acute radiation syndrome, which is associated with a high mortality rate. However, at present, there are few suitable pharmaceutical drugs available in Japan, aside from granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Depending on the situation surrounding the accident, various drug treatment options and the development of effective drug therapies may be required. In the present study, we assessed various combinations of seven commercially available drugs - G-CSF, erythropoietin (EPO), romiplostim (RP), ancer (AN), cepharanthine (CE), leucon (LC) and leukoprol (LP) - in mice exposed to a lethal dose of 7 or 8 Gy of X-ray irradiation . Each drug was administered as a single or mixed intraperitoneal injection once or twice daily for three consecutive days. The single administration of the approved hematopoietic drugs CE, LC, or LP twice a day for 3 days significantly improved the 30-day survival rate of lethal TBI mice ( p < 0.05; 75 %, 100 %, or 100 %, respectively) compared with the untreated TBI mice, accompanied by a gradual increase in the body weight. Furthermore, the combined administration of RP, EPO and G-CSF or single administration of RP alone gradually increased the body weight of mice exposed to lethal TBI, with 30-day survival rates of 75 % or 100 %, respectively ( p < 0.05). This study suggested that some new domestically approved hematopoietic drugs may have radiomitigative potential for mice exposed to lethal TBI, and the 12-h interval administration of LC or LP for 3 days to 7-Gy-TBI mice and 12-h interval administration of RP alone for 3 days to 8-Gy-TBI mice were the most suitable medications with respect to the 30-day survival rate. As long as the threat of nuclear disaster exists, diverse efforts in the field of radiation emergency medicine, including the development of effective drug therapies, will be necessary. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ \u0000 table.MsoNormalTable \u0000 {mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; \u0000 mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \u0000 mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \u0000 mso-style-noshow:yes; \u0000 mso-style-priority:99; \u0000 mso-style-parent:\"\"; \u0000 mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; \u0000 mso-para-margin:0cm; \u0000 mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; \u0000 mso-pagination:widow-orphan; \u0000 font-size:10.0pt; \u0000 font-family:\"Times New Roman\",\"serif\"; \u0000 mso-ansi-language:EN-US; \u0000 mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48853480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The absolute standardiz ation of 32 P radioactive sources employed to calibrat e nuclear medicine instruments ha s been conducted at PTKMR-BATAN. We deemed this activity to be necessary since 32 P used in the nuclear medicine field s has a short half-life , and in order to obtain a result of quality measurement, it requires a special treatment. Moreover , in Indonesia , the use of nuclear medicine techniques has develop ed rapidly. We prepared a ll the radioactive sources with a gravimetric method by using a KERN ABT 220-5DM semi-micro type scale, traceable to the International Unit System . We conducted the 32 P s tandardization by employing a 4 πβ (PS)- γ coincidence method with 60 Co as a tracer ; meanwhile, we conducted the impurit y measurement by employing a beta spectrometer system. The result of 32 P absolute measurement was 380.05 Bq/ m g with a 0.68 -percent range uncertainty, with a k=2 cover age factor. This value was used to calibrate a “Capintec CRC-7BT” dose calibrator that was a secondary standard instrument in PTKMR-BATAN. The results show ed us that the calibration factor of the “Capintec CRC-7BT” dose calibrator was 1.12 with a 4.7 -percent uncertaint y.
{"title":"The Absolute Standardization Methods of 32P for Calibrate Nuclear Medicine Instruments in Indonesia","authors":"G. Wurdiyanto, H. Candra, H. Holnisar, V. Pungkun","doi":"10.17146/aij.2019.905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.905","url":null,"abstract":"The absolute standardiz ation of 32 P radioactive sources employed to calibrat e nuclear medicine instruments ha s been conducted at PTKMR-BATAN. We deemed this activity to be necessary since 32 P used in the nuclear medicine field s has a short half-life , and in order to obtain a result of quality measurement, it requires a special treatment. Moreover , in Indonesia , the use of nuclear medicine techniques has develop ed rapidly. We prepared a ll the radioactive sources with a gravimetric method by using a KERN ABT 220-5DM semi-micro type scale, traceable to the International Unit System . We conducted the 32 P s tandardization by employing a 4 πβ (PS)- γ coincidence method with 60 Co as a tracer ; meanwhile, we conducted the impurit y measurement by employing a beta spectrometer system. The result of 32 P absolute measurement was 380.05 Bq/ m g with a 0.68 -percent range uncertainty, with a k=2 cover age factor. This value was used to calibrate a “Capintec CRC-7BT” dose calibrator that was a secondary standard instrument in PTKMR-BATAN. The results show ed us that the calibration factor of the “Capintec CRC-7BT” dose calibrator was 1.12 with a 4.7 -percent uncertaint y.","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45243523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maiyesni, S. Febriana, I. Kambali, D. Kurniasih
Beta-emitting radioisotope 177 Lu has been suggested for radioimmunotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, or another radionuclide therapy due to its excellent properties for destroying cancer cells. In this experimental investigation, natural ytterbium ( nat Yb) and enriched 176 Yb targets were irradiated with thermal neutrons at 1.2×10 14 cm -2 s -1 neutron flux for 95 hours. Using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector-based spectroscopy system, the post-irradiated targets were measured and the produced radioisotopes were identified according to their gamma ray emissions. Experimental results indicated that several radioisotopes such as 169 Yb and 175 Yb dominate the post-irradiated nat Yb target, though a relatively weak intensity of 177 Lu was also recorded. In contrast, 177 Lu radioisotope dominates the gamma rays observed in the post-irradiated enriched 176 Yb target following elution with HNO 3 solution. For the first time, evidence is found of 175 Yb impurity in the post-neutron-irradiated enriched 176 Yb 2 O 3 target as a result of 176 Yb(n,2n) 175 Yb nuclear reaction. This work recommends future 177 Lu radioisotope production using enriched 176 Yb 2 O 3 target.
释放β的放射性同位素177 Lu已被建议用于放射免疫治疗、肽受体放射性核素治疗或其他放射性核素治疗，因为它具有破坏癌细胞的优异性能。在本实验中，用热中子在1.2×10 14 cm -2 s -1中子通量下辐照天然钇(nat Yb)和富集的176个钇靶95小时。利用基于高纯度锗(HPGe)探测器的光谱系统，测量了辐照后的目标，并根据其伽马射线发射确定了产生的放射性同位素。实验结果表明，虽然也记录到相对较弱的177 Lu强度，但辐照后的靶体主要是169 Yb和175 Yb等几种放射性同位素。相反，在hno3溶液洗脱后辐照富集的176 Yb靶中，观察到的伽马射线以177 Lu放射性同位素为主。首次在中子辐照后富集的176 yb2o3靶中发现了175yb杂质的证据，这是176yb (n,2n) 175yb核反应的结果。这项工作建议未来利用富集的176 yb2o3靶生产177 Lu放射性同位素。
{"title":"Spectral Comparison of Neutron-Irradiated Natural and Enriched Ytterbium Targets for Lu-177 Production","authors":"M. Maiyesni, S. Febriana, I. Kambali, D. Kurniasih","doi":"10.17146/aij.2019.930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.930","url":null,"abstract":"Beta-emitting radioisotope 177 Lu has been suggested for radioimmunotherapy, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, or another radionuclide therapy due to its excellent properties for destroying cancer cells. In this experimental investigation, natural ytterbium ( nat Yb) and enriched 176 Yb targets were irradiated with thermal neutrons at 1.2×10 14 cm -2 s -1 neutron flux for 95 hours. Using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector-based spectroscopy system, the post-irradiated targets were measured and the produced radioisotopes were identified according to their gamma ray emissions. Experimental results indicated that several radioisotopes such as 169 Yb and 175 Yb dominate the post-irradiated nat Yb target, though a relatively weak intensity of 177 Lu was also recorded. In contrast, 177 Lu radioisotope dominates the gamma rays observed in the post-irradiated enriched 176 Yb target following elution with HNO 3 solution. For the first time, evidence is found of 175 Yb impurity in the post-neutron-irradiated enriched 176 Yb 2 O 3 target as a result of 176 Yb(n,2n) 175 Yb nuclear reaction. This work recommends future 177 Lu radioisotope production using enriched 176 Yb 2 O 3 target.","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44939389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is an increasing need for reliable information concerning the source of the suspended sediment transported by rivers. Such information is required both to design effective sediment and non-point pollution control strategies and to provide an improved understanding of erosion and suspended sediment transport within a watershed. In some situations, there are many developing methods of fingerprinting to determine the contribution of sediment sources via the streambed sediment. In this study, c ompound-specific stable isotope (CSSI) fingerprint has been used to determine sediment source contribution in Pasir Buncir micro-watershed, Bogor, West Java . CSSI method is a newly developed technique in sediment sources contribution determination. This new technique is considered to be a very accurate technique for identifying the sediment sources contribution, especially in a watershed that has relatively similar soil types. This technique has been applied to studying the sediment source contribution study in a watershed with three different land uses with mostly clay loam soil type. One sample from each of three different land uses was collected vertically from the 0-2 cm depth range. Streambed sediment from the nearest outlet from the micro-watershed was also collected. Soil and streambed sediment samples were analyzed for d 13 C of bulk organic carbon and CSSI contents. The d 13 C of bulk organic carbon and CSSI contents analysis showed that all the three different land uses (one-season crop, intercropping, and pine forest) contributed to streambed sediment; approximately 79 .2 % was from cultivated land of one-season crop , 15 .2 % from intercropping land , and 5. 6 % from pine forest.
{"title":"Sediment Sources Analysis Using CSSI Method in Pasir Buncir Micro-watershed, Bogor, Indonesia","authors":"B. Aliyanta, P. Sidauruk","doi":"10.17146/aij.2019.721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.721","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing need for reliable information concerning the source of the suspended sediment transported by rivers. Such information is required both to design effective sediment and non-point pollution control strategies and to provide an improved understanding of erosion and suspended sediment transport within a watershed. In some situations, there are many developing methods of fingerprinting to determine the contribution of sediment sources via the streambed sediment. In this study, c ompound-specific stable isotope (CSSI) fingerprint has been used to determine sediment source contribution in Pasir Buncir micro-watershed, Bogor, West Java . CSSI method is a newly developed technique in sediment sources contribution determination. This new technique is considered to be a very accurate technique for identifying the sediment sources contribution, especially in a watershed that has relatively similar soil types. This technique has been applied to studying the sediment source contribution study in a watershed with three different land uses with mostly clay loam soil type. One sample from each of three different land uses was collected vertically from the 0-2 cm depth range. Streambed sediment from the nearest outlet from the micro-watershed was also collected. Soil and streambed sediment samples were analyzed for d 13 C of bulk organic carbon and CSSI contents. The d 13 C of bulk organic carbon and CSSI contents analysis showed that all the three different land uses (one-season crop, intercropping, and pine forest) contributed to streambed sediment; approximately 79 .2 % was from cultivated land of one-season crop , 15 .2 % from intercropping land , and 5. 6 % from pine forest.","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48363825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Syarbaini, M. Makhsun, W. Wahyudi, S. Syahrial, J. Jasmiyati
Forest fires are annual problem during the dry season and become a biggest threat to forest resources in Indonesia. The forest fires release into the atmosphere large quantities of particulate matter and volatilized substances . The present study investigates effects of forest fire on air quality in the case of a radiological event of ashes from forest fires emissions in Riau province during an intense forest fire season that occurred in 2015. A tmospheric aerosol samples were collected from May to December , 201 5 using a large volume TSP (total suspended particles) sampler. Concentrations of radionuclides in airborne particulate matter were measured by using gamma spectrometry . It was shown that the activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K ranged from 0.026 to 0.114 mBq/m 3 , 0.005 to 0.011 mBq/m 3 and 0.99 to 5.64 mBq/m 3 , respectively. The activity concentrations of 137 Cs in air was found lower than the minimum detectable activity of the gamma counting systems (
{"title":"Release of Radioactive Particulates into the air during Forest fire in Riau Province, Indonesia","authors":"S. Syarbaini, M. Makhsun, W. Wahyudi, S. Syahrial, J. Jasmiyati","doi":"10.17146/aij.2019.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.829","url":null,"abstract":"Forest fires are annual problem during the dry season and become a biggest threat to forest resources in Indonesia. The forest fires release into the atmosphere large quantities of particulate matter and volatilized substances . The present study investigates effects of forest fire on air quality in the case of a radiological event of ashes from forest fires emissions in Riau province during an intense forest fire season that occurred in 2015. A tmospheric aerosol samples were collected from May to December , 201 5 using a large volume TSP (total suspended particles) sampler. Concentrations of radionuclides in airborne particulate matter were measured by using gamma spectrometry . It was shown that the activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K ranged from 0.026 to 0.114 mBq/m 3 , 0.005 to 0.011 mBq/m 3 and 0.99 to 5.64 mBq/m 3 , respectively. The activity concentrations of 137 Cs in air was found lower than the minimum detectable activity of the gamma counting systems (<MDA), except for July and September 2015. The result showed that the smokefrom forest fires contain radioactive particulates , which may have a potential health risk of population, and need to be considered in forest fire disaster . Inhaled smoke particles from forest fires may contribute to enhanced radiation doses to the general public.","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47396215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a radiopharmaceutical, the use of 59 Fe is classified as a high pharmaceutical risk product. Therefore, a standard reference for activity measurement of 59 Fe is necessary to ensure its metrological aspect. This paper describes an alternative method for primary activity determination of 59 Fe for establishing a standard reference. The 59 Fe solution was prepared using two different cocktails and measured by the 4 p b (LS)- g counting system using a digital anti-coincidence counting method with emulated live-time of the extending dead-time. A final activity results at the reference time for the two samples series are (473.32 ± 2.55) kBq/g and (477.14 ± 2.42) kBq/g with quoted uncertainty evaluated at k = 1. The final activity was compared to the value obtained from the other two coincidence counting method and found to be in a good agreement within its uncertainty value.
{"title":"Application of Digital Anti-Coincidence Counting Method for Primary Activity Determination of 59Fe","authors":"A. Agusbudiman, K. B. Lee, J. M. Lee","doi":"10.17146/aij.2019.812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17146/aij.2019.812","url":null,"abstract":"As a radiopharmaceutical, the use of 59 Fe is classified as a high pharmaceutical risk product. Therefore, a standard reference for activity measurement of 59 Fe is necessary to ensure its metrological aspect. This paper describes an alternative method for primary activity determination of 59 Fe for establishing a standard reference. The 59 Fe solution was prepared using two different cocktails and measured by the 4 p b (LS)- g counting system using a digital anti-coincidence counting method with emulated live-time of the extending dead-time. A final activity results at the reference time for the two samples series are (473.32 ± 2.55) kBq/g and (477.14 ± 2.42) kBq/g with quoted uncertainty evaluated at k = 1. The final activity was compared to the value obtained from the other two coincidence counting method and found to be in a good agreement within its uncertainty value.","PeriodicalId":8647,"journal":{"name":"Atom Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48770175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. D. Pratiwi, I.K.H. Basri, S. Purnami, M. Syaifudin, D. Tetriana, D. Yusuf, Tur Rahardjo, S. Nurhayati, N. Rahajeng, Y. Anggraito, I. Kashiwakura
The residents living in high background radiation area ha ve risk to be exposed by ionizing radiation that also potential ly cause their DNA damage. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of γ - H2AX , 53BP1 foci and micronuclei in the resident s who live in high background radiation area of Salumati village , Mamuju, West Sulawesi , Indonesia. Twenty one blood samples which consist of 11 from the study area and 10 from control were assessed for their expression of γ - H2AX and 53BPI foci by using specific antibodies and observed under fluorescence microscope whereas m icronuclei was detected after being cultured and giemsa stain ed according to standard procedure s . Results showed that both γ-H2AX and 53BP1 foci from high background area was lower than that of control area (0.37± 0.24 vs 0.19± 0.11 (p=0.03) for γ-H2AX and 0.61± 0.30 vs 0.31± 0.12 for 53BP1 (p=0.01)). The m ean of m icronuclei frequency in exposed area was 0.02 (0,01-0,03) while in control area was 0.02 (0.003-0.02). There w as statistical significant in corellation between both γ-H2AX , 53BP1 foci with micronuclei index in exposed area (p=0.02, p=0,04 respectively). In conclusion , there was a positive correlation between γ -H2AX and 53BP1 foci to micronuclei and this might be a clue of the occurrence of genome repairing mechanism caused by natural radiation at low dose chronical exposure in the studied area.
居住在高本底辐射地区的居民有受到电离辐射的风险，这也可能导致他们的DNA损伤。本研究旨在检测居住在印度尼西亚西苏拉威西马穆朱Salumati村高本底辐射区居民γ - H2AX、53BP1病灶和微核的表达。21份血样(研究区11份，对照组10份)采用特异性抗体检测γ - H2AX和53BPI病灶的表达，荧光显微镜下观察，培养后按标准程序进行吉氏染色，检测微核。结果表明，高背景区γ-H2AX和53BP1的焦度均低于对照区(γ-H2AX为0.37±0.24 vs 0.19±0.11 (p=0.03)， 53BP1为0.61±0.30 vs 0.31±0.12 (p=0.01))。暴露区m微核频率均值为0.02(0.01 ~ 0.03)，对照组为0.02(0.003 ~ 0.02)。γ-H2AX、53BP1病灶与暴露区微核指数相关性均有统计学意义(p=0.02、p= 0.04)。综上所述，γ -H2AX与53BP1微核病灶呈正相关，这可能是研究区域低剂量慢性自然辐射引起的基因组修复机制发生的线索。
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B. Ernawan, H. I. Sasmita, Muklas Sadar, I. Sugoro
Given the facts that Indonesia has suitable environment condition to survival, reproduction and development of the principal mosquito vector for dengue virus, Aedes aegypti , the transmission of dengue virus does routinely occur every year. The sterile insect technique (SIT) as one of the techniques in area-wide integrated pest management (AW-IPM) has been developed to control Aedes aegypti population since 2004. The first 5 years of the program (2004-2009) was focused on mass rearing facility establishment. The lab-work study for the entomological data and field trials were performed in 2010-2014. In 2014-2019, the program was addressed to enhance the mass rearing facility to increase sterile male production and strengthening the networking throughout the involvement in the regional and interregional program coordinated by International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The main future challenge of the SIT program against Aedes aegypti is developing the capacity building and strong commitment of all stakeholders i.e. the Ministry of Health, the universities, the research institutes and the public. In the future work plan, the pilot project design to proof the concept of the SIT is strongly recommended to obtain a firm, unbiased and strong results as the consideration for the decision maker to create the Aedes control program in Indonesia . 800x600 Normal 0 false false false EN-GB X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
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Y. E. Gunanto, W. A. Adi, B. Kurniawan, A. Purwanto, T. Ono, Hidekazu Tanaka, E. Steven
Article history: Received 12 November 2017 Received in revised form 17 January 2019 Accepted 24 January 2019
文章历史：2017年11月12日收到2019年1月17日以修订形式收到2019年01月24日接受
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