Priyanka Barua, Krishna Sukonya Banik, Sharmila Saha, Sharmin Musa
Street food is an old notion that arose from the need of quick access of light food to satisfy hunger. With the mention of street food in Bangladesh, a picture is visualized which includes open stalls with uncovered food, unawareness of vendors about hygienic practices, lack of safe source of water for cleaning and preparing food, increasing pollution in surrounding environment leading to infestation with various parasites and causing diarrhoeal diseases in people. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of parasites in school-based street foods in Dhaka city. A total of 200 food samples were examined containing three representative types of street foods: tamarind water of snacks (79 samples), sliced fruits (71 samples) and fruit juices (50 samples) using Formal-ether concentration technique. Among them, 164 (82%) samples were contaminated with Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Cystoisospora belli, Diphyllobothrium latum, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura and Ancylostoma duodenale. C. belli was the most prevalent (38%), followed by A. lumbricoides (33%) and B. hominis (33%). While comparing the parasite prevalence in three types of street foods, the highest prevalence was observed for C. belli (21.5% in tamarind water of snacks, 6.5% in sliced fruits and 10% in fruit juices) followed by A. lumbricoides, B. hominis and D. latum. There were significant associations (p<0.05) among the different food types with B. hominis, C. belli, D. latum and A. lumbricoides positive samples. The study implicates that parasitic contamination of school-based street foods is alarming and it is urgent to take necessary steps to ensure the food safety. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 217-229, 2023
街头小吃是一个古老的概念，源于人们需要快速获得清淡食物来充饥。一提到孟加拉国的街头食品，人们就会联想到这样一幅图景：露天摊位上的食品没有任何遮盖，小贩们对卫生习惯缺乏认识，缺乏用于清洗和制作食品的安全水源，周围环境污染日益严重，导致各种寄生虫滋生，引发人们的腹泻疾病。本研究旨在确定达卡市校园街头食品中寄生虫的流行情况。本研究采用甲醛-乙醚浓缩技术，共检测了 200 个食品样本，其中包括三种具有代表性的街头食品：罗望子小吃水（79 个样本）、切片水果（71 个样本）和果汁（50 个样本）。其中 164 个样本（82%）受到组织溶解恩塔米巴虫、人型高分化囊虫、贝利囊孢子虫、潜蝇双孢子虫、小蓑蛾、雏蓑蛾、蛔虫、疣状肠球虫、毛滴虫和十二指肠肛门梭菌的污染。其中贝利蛔虫的感染率最高（38%），其次是蛔虫（33%）和人蛔虫（33%）。在比较三种街头食品的寄生虫感染率时，贝里虫的感染率最高（小吃罗望子水中的感染率为 21.5%，切片水果中的感染率为 6.5%，果汁中的感染率为 10%），其次是疟原虫、人疟原虫和花蝽。不同食物类型与人吸虫、C. belli、D. latum 和 A. lumbricoides 阳性样本之间存在明显关联（p<0.05）。这项研究表明，寄生虫污染校内街头食品的情况令人担忧，当务之急是采取必要措施确保食品安全。孟加拉国 J. Zool.51(2):217-229, 2023
{"title":"Parasitic Contamination of Street Food Samples From School-Based Food Vendors of Dhaka City, Bangladesh","authors":"Priyanka Barua, Krishna Sukonya Banik, Sharmila Saha, Sharmin Musa","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70781","url":null,"abstract":"Street food is an old notion that arose from the need of quick access of light food to satisfy hunger. With the mention of street food in Bangladesh, a picture is visualized which includes open stalls with uncovered food, unawareness of vendors about hygienic practices, lack of safe source of water for cleaning and preparing food, increasing pollution in surrounding environment leading to infestation with various parasites and causing diarrhoeal diseases in people. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of parasites in school-based street foods in Dhaka city. A total of 200 food samples were examined containing three representative types of street foods: tamarind water of snacks (79 samples), sliced fruits (71 samples) and fruit juices (50 samples) using Formal-ether concentration technique. Among them, 164 (82%) samples were contaminated with Entamoeba histolytica, Blastocystis hominis, Cystoisospora belli, Diphyllobothrium latum, Hymenolepis diminuta, Hymenolepis nana, Ascaris lumbricoides, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichuris trichiura and Ancylostoma duodenale. C. belli was the most prevalent (38%), followed by A. lumbricoides (33%) and B. hominis (33%). While comparing the parasite prevalence in three types of street foods, the highest prevalence was observed for C. belli (21.5% in tamarind water of snacks, 6.5% in sliced fruits and 10% in fruit juices) followed by A. lumbricoides, B. hominis and D. latum. There were significant associations (p<0.05) among the different food types with B. hominis, C. belli, D. latum and A. lumbricoides positive samples. The study implicates that parasitic contamination of school-based street foods is alarming and it is urgent to take necessary steps to ensure the food safety. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 217-229, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139132372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We examined the morphological patterns of long limb bones in the Lesser Bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses. A total of 18 morphometric measurements were taken using 30 adult specimens (11 males and 19 females) of B. bengalensis. The univariate analysis revealed non-significant right-left difference in the longest limb bones. Therefore, right side limb bones were used for further analyses. For most of the limb bone measurements, the mean values of the males were slightly larger than that of the females. However, the coefficient of variation did not differ significantly between the sexes. Most measurements of the fore limb and hind limb bones were significantly correlated with the length of respective bones. Allometric analysis exhibited isometry for many of the variables of humerus, ulna, femur, and tibia against the length of respective bones. These trends were also implied by the principal component analysis, as high factor loadings were observed for 80% and 75% variables of the forelimb and hindlimb, respectively. The epicondylar regions of the stylopodial bones (humerus and femur) and the width of radius showed non-significant correlation and/or negative allometry. Finally, our results suggest slightly male-biased sexual size dimorphism in the long limb bones and the growth patterns of the bone parts are greatly variable might be linked to the individual bone functions. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 191-203, 2023
{"title":"Morphological Patterns of the Long Limb Bones in the Lesser Bandicoot Rat, Bandicota Bengalensis (Rodentia: Muridae)","authors":"Antara Das, Pritom Roy, Jadab Kumar Biswas","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70778","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the morphological patterns of long limb bones in the Lesser Bandicoot rat (Bandicota bengalensis) using univariate, bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses. A total of 18 morphometric measurements were taken using 30 adult specimens (11 males and 19 females) of B. bengalensis. The univariate analysis revealed non-significant right-left difference in the longest limb bones. Therefore, right side limb bones were used for further analyses. For most of the limb bone measurements, the mean values of the males were slightly larger than that of the females. However, the coefficient of variation did not differ significantly between the sexes. Most measurements of the fore limb and hind limb bones were significantly correlated with the length of respective bones. Allometric analysis exhibited isometry for many of the variables of humerus, ulna, femur, and tibia against the length of respective bones. These trends were also implied by the principal component analysis, as high factor loadings were observed for 80% and 75% variables of the forelimb and hindlimb, respectively. The epicondylar regions of the stylopodial bones (humerus and femur) and the width of radius showed non-significant correlation and/or negative allometry. Finally, our results suggest slightly male-biased sexual size dimorphism in the long limb bones and the growth patterns of the bone parts are greatly variable might be linked to the individual bone functions. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 191-203, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"97 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ameer Hamza, Md Aminur Rahman, Md Khurshed Alam, Md Kamal Hossain, Md Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, M. A. Aziz
Tropical rainforest supports an incredible diversity of mammalian species. The forest patches of northeast Bangladesh are considered hotspots for a range of threatened mammals. However, the transboundary Lathitila reserve forest in Moulvibazar district of northeast Bangladesh remained largely unexplored. We assessed the diversity of medium- and small-sized mammals using camera-trapping, and distance sampling, which was supplemented by sign survey and interviews. We recorded a total of 38 species of mammals belonging to 9 orders and 22 families. The Carnivora (34%) contained the highest number of mammals followed by Rodentia (21%), Primates (18%), Chiroptera (10%), and Artiodactyla (5%). Thirty seven percent of the recorded species were rare, followed by very common (26%), occasional (24%) and common (13%). Of these, 45% were categorized as threatened in the updated national Red List of IUCN Bangladesh. The remarkable species that we recorded are the Critically Endangered Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), Western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock), Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla), Phayre’s leaf monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei), Northern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca leonina), and Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis). The Endangered Fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus), and Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinerea) were also recorded. The principal threats to the Lathitila forest are the habitat degradation, habitat fragmentation, human disturbance, illegal wood extraction, and wildlife poaching. This study highlights the conservation importance of this least-known forest, thereby protection measures are urgently needed to conserve its diverse mammalian fauna. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 135-154, 2023
{"title":"Unveiling the Diverse Mammalian Species of a Tropical Rainforest in Northeast Bangladesh","authors":"Ameer Hamza, Md Aminur Rahman, Md Khurshed Alam, Md Kamal Hossain, Md Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, M. A. Aziz","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70773","url":null,"abstract":"Tropical rainforest supports an incredible diversity of mammalian species. The forest patches of northeast Bangladesh are considered hotspots for a range of threatened mammals. However, the transboundary Lathitila reserve forest in Moulvibazar district of northeast Bangladesh remained largely unexplored. We assessed the diversity of medium- and small-sized mammals using camera-trapping, and distance sampling, which was supplemented by sign survey and interviews. We recorded a total of 38 species of mammals belonging to 9 orders and 22 families. The Carnivora (34%) contained the highest number of mammals followed by Rodentia (21%), Primates (18%), Chiroptera (10%), and Artiodactyla (5%). Thirty seven percent of the recorded species were rare, followed by very common (26%), occasional (24%) and common (13%). Of these, 45% were categorized as threatened in the updated national Red List of IUCN Bangladesh. The remarkable species that we recorded are the Critically Endangered Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), Western hoolock gibbon (Hoolock hoolock), Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla), Phayre’s leaf monkey (Trachypithecus phayrei), Northern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca leonina), and Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis). The Endangered Fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus), and Asian small-clawed otter (Aonyx cinerea) were also recorded. The principal threats to the Lathitila forest are the habitat degradation, habitat fragmentation, human disturbance, illegal wood extraction, and wildlife poaching. This study highlights the conservation importance of this least-known forest, thereby protection measures are urgently needed to conserve its diverse mammalian fauna. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 135-154, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"102 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out to know the ichthyofaunal diversity in Jagannath University new campus area from August 2020 to March 2021. A great variety of fish species were recorded from 15 diversified families. Among those, Cyprinidae was the most species-rich family, have 7 species. Total 29 fish species were identified; among them, the dominant order is Anabantiformes comprises of 9 species. Identified species mostly under least concern (20) category, Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) are the only endangered species, 1 species under vulnerable category, 4 species belong to near threatened. Three invasive species were recorded from this area, which is very alarming for native fish diversity. Gears and crafts were seen to: cast net, lift net, drag net, gill net, and chai, polo observed in the study area. Some pollution sources were also identified during the study period. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 165-173, 2023
{"title":"Icthyofaunal Diversity in Jagannath University New Campus Area, Keraniganj, Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"Md Asaduzzaman, Durjoy Raha, Md Sakhawat Hossain, Md. Samrat Akbar, Sajib Biswas, G. Latifa","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70776","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to know the ichthyofaunal diversity in Jagannath University new campus area from August 2020 to March 2021. A great variety of fish species were recorded from 15 diversified families. Among those, Cyprinidae was the most species-rich family, have 7 species. Total 29 fish species were identified; among them, the dominant order is Anabantiformes comprises of 9 species. Identified species mostly under least concern (20) category, Channa marulius (Hamilton, 1822) are the only endangered species, 1 species under vulnerable category, 4 species belong to near threatened. Three invasive species were recorded from this area, which is very alarming for native fish diversity. Gears and crafts were seen to: cast net, lift net, drag net, gill net, and chai, polo observed in the study area. Some pollution sources were also identified during the study period. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 165-173, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"97 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract not available Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 133-134, 2023
摘要不详 孟加拉国 J. Zool.51(2):133-134, 2023
{"title":"Animals and Ethics: How Much Do We Care?","authors":"Md. Niamul Naser","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70765","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 133-134, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was conducted on the diurnal activity patterns of chestnut-headed bee-eater (Merops leschenaulti) and green bee-eater (Merops orientalis) at Chittagong University Campus, Bangladesh in the year 2015. Six major activities (perching, flying, calling, feeding, diving, and preening) were recorded for both species during the study period. The two bee-eater species were observed to spend their maximum (M. leschenaulti: 37.63%; M. orientalis: 35.95%) time in perching, whereas the minimum time spent by M. leschenaulti was observed in diving (1.76%) and by M. orientalis was in feeding (2.17%). They were more active during 15:00 - 17:00 h (M. leschenaulti: 27.34%; M. orientalis: 27.23%) than other diurnal time blocks. Two species spent their highest (M. leschenaulti: 14.71%; M. orientalis: 14.00%) time performing different activities in June and the lowest (M. leschenaulti: 2.71%; M. orientalis: 3.46%) in January. Both bee-eaters were mostly (M. leschenaulti: 56.58%; M. orientalis: 53.07%) active in monsoon than in other seasons. The similar activity patterns between two bee-eater species could be influenced by similar lifestyles associated with their close taxonomic relationship. A number of ecological factors, such as temperature, humidity and precipitation could influence the daily, monthly and seasonal variations in activities. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 175-190, 2023
{"title":"Comparative Diurnal Activity Patterns of Merops Leschenaulti and Merops Orientalis at Chittagong University Campus, Bangladesh","authors":"Tanzina Alam, Md Mizanur Rahman","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70777","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted on the diurnal activity patterns of chestnut-headed bee-eater (Merops leschenaulti) and green bee-eater (Merops orientalis) at Chittagong University Campus, Bangladesh in the year 2015. Six major activities (perching, flying, calling, feeding, diving, and preening) were recorded for both species during the study period. The two bee-eater species were observed to spend their maximum (M. leschenaulti: 37.63%; M. orientalis: 35.95%) time in perching, whereas the minimum time spent by M. leschenaulti was observed in diving (1.76%) and by M. orientalis was in feeding (2.17%). They were more active during 15:00 - 17:00 h (M. leschenaulti: 27.34%; M. orientalis: 27.23%) than other diurnal time blocks. Two species spent their highest (M. leschenaulti: 14.71%; M. orientalis: 14.00%) time performing different activities in June and the lowest (M. leschenaulti: 2.71%; M. orientalis: 3.46%) in January. Both bee-eaters were mostly (M. leschenaulti: 56.58%; M. orientalis: 53.07%) active in monsoon than in other seasons. The similar activity patterns between two bee-eater species could be influenced by similar lifestyles associated with their close taxonomic relationship. A number of ecological factors, such as temperature, humidity and precipitation could influence the daily, monthly and seasonal variations in activities. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 175-190, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The microleafhopper genus Empoasca Walsh, 1862 from Bangladesh is revised herein. With the existing species E. vitis (Göthe, 1875), another three species viz. E. kerri Singh-Pruthi, 1940, E. motti Singh-Pruthi, 1940 and E. onukii Matsuda, 1952 are described and reported first time from Bangladesh. Diagnostic descriptions, illustrations and a key to the Empoasca species from Bangladesh are provided. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 47-54, 2023
{"title":"Three New Records of Microleafhopper Genus Empoasca Walsh 1862 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) From Bangladesh","authors":"Md Imran Hossain, Md Shamim Hossain, Md Ruhul Amin, Emrul Kayesh, Sang Jae Suh","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68655","url":null,"abstract":"The microleafhopper genus Empoasca Walsh, 1862 from Bangladesh is revised herein. With the existing species E. vitis (Göthe, 1875), another three species viz. E. kerri Singh-Pruthi, 1940, E. motti Singh-Pruthi, 1940 and E. onukii Matsuda, 1952 are described and reported first time from Bangladesh. Diagnostic descriptions, illustrations and a key to the Empoasca species from Bangladesh are provided. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 47-54, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
KAM Sudarshani, T Eswaramohan, A Murugananthan, HCE Wegiriya, VNH De Silva, V Somaratna
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an established disease in Sri Lanka. Present study was designed to investigate the epidemiological features, clinical manifestations and the relationship between CL cases and rainfall in Hambantota district, Sri Lanka from March, 2014 to December, 2015. CL suspected patients who presented to Tangalle and Hambantota hospitals during this period were included in the study. After conducting a clinical examination, a descriptive study was carried out using a questionnaire. Slit-skin smears were taken, stained with Giemsa and examined under a light microscope to identify Leishmania amastigotes. Results showed that the highest CL cases were reported from Tangalle District Secretory Division (DSD) out of 12 DSDs in Hambantota district (P<0.05). Majority of patients were >50 years old. Males were more infected than females. Higher number of CL patients were students (χ2 (10) = 6.41, P=0.781). Most of the patients had single lesion on arms, legs and faces/cheeks. Size of the most lesions was >2mm -<1cm and the duration of the most lesions were <06 months. The common clinical characteristics of lesions were erythematous and dry. Further, findings revealed that the higher number of CL cases were reported in March, May, August, October in 2014 and January to March in 2015 in which the study area had received higher amount of rainfall. Findings of the present study showed that the CL incidences and its distribution within Hambantota district had increased. It is essential to consider CL as a public health problem in Hambantota district. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 71-85, 2023
{"title":"Epidemiological Features and Clinical Manifestations of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: An Emerging Health Risk in Hambantota, Sri Lanka","authors":"KAM Sudarshani, T Eswaramohan, A Murugananthan, HCE Wegiriya, VNH De Silva, V Somaratna","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68657","url":null,"abstract":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an established disease in Sri Lanka. Present study was designed to investigate the epidemiological features, clinical manifestations and the relationship between CL cases and rainfall in Hambantota district, Sri Lanka from March, 2014 to December, 2015. CL suspected patients who presented to Tangalle and Hambantota hospitals during this period were included in the study. After conducting a clinical examination, a descriptive study was carried out using a questionnaire. Slit-skin smears were taken, stained with Giemsa and examined under a light microscope to identify Leishmania amastigotes. Results showed that the highest CL cases were reported from Tangalle District Secretory Division (DSD) out of 12 DSDs in Hambantota district (P<0.05). Majority of patients were >50 years old. Males were more infected than females. Higher number of CL patients were students (χ2 (10) = 6.41, P=0.781). Most of the patients had single lesion on arms, legs and faces/cheeks. Size of the most lesions was >2mm -<1cm and the duration of the most lesions were <06 months. The common clinical characteristics of lesions were erythematous and dry. Further, findings revealed that the higher number of CL cases were reported in March, May, August, October in 2014 and January to March in 2015 in which the study area had received higher amount of rainfall. Findings of the present study showed that the CL incidences and its distribution within Hambantota district had increased. It is essential to consider CL as a public health problem in Hambantota district. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 71-85, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Extracts of Polygonum hydropiper leaves in Methanol was introduced to the 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti with various concentration (.25–1.5 μg/ml). Insecticidal assays data showed significant mortality against the Aedes aegypti larvae. The LC50 and LC90 value after 24 hours of exposure was 0.002 and 0.47 μg/ml respectively. As predicted the result showed that the larvicidal activity of P. hydropiper on Ae. aegypti larvae was dose reliant. The result clearly exhibited that methanol extract of P. hydropiper, as a potential biological control agent against Ae. aegypti larvae, is eminent. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 119-127, 2023
将水蓼叶提取物以不同浓度(0.25 ~ 1.5 μg/ml)分别注入埃及伊蚊3龄和4龄幼虫体内。杀虫试验数据显示对埃及伊蚊幼虫有显著的死亡率。24 h LC50和LC90分别为0.002和0.47 μg/ml。结果表明，该药剂对伊蚊的杀幼虫活性较好。埃及伊蚊幼虫呈剂量依赖性。结果表明，该植物甲醇提取物可作为一种潜在的生物防治剂。埃及伊蚊的幼虫，是杰出的。中国生物医学工程学报，2011 (1):1 - 4
{"title":"Larvicidal effect of Bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper) leaf extract against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae","authors":"Md Mahamudul Hasan, Khandaker Noor E Jannat","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68661","url":null,"abstract":"Extracts of Polygonum hydropiper leaves in Methanol was introduced to the 3rd and 4th instar larvae of Aedes aegypti with various concentration (.25–1.5 μg/ml). Insecticidal assays data showed significant mortality against the Aedes aegypti larvae. The LC50 and LC90 value after 24 hours of exposure was 0.002 and 0.47 μg/ml respectively. As predicted the result showed that the larvicidal activity of P. hydropiper on Ae. aegypti larvae was dose reliant. The result clearly exhibited that methanol extract of P. hydropiper, as a potential biological control agent against Ae. aegypti larvae, is eminent. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 119-127, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Infected fresh water Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, were brought alive from Canning fisheries and aquatic resource, Canning, India to parasitology laboratory, Department of Zoology for pathogenic examination. Macroscopic production of infection observed and the specimen was isolated and characterized on the basis of morphological and molecular analysis. The species was identified as Aspergillus niger. The effect of this pathogenic fungus on host physiology was observed by monitoring changes in biochemical, histological parameters. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have been used to analyze malate dehydrogenase (MDH), acid phosphatase (Acph) and peroxidase (Px) isoenzymes in different tissues (liver, kidney, muscle and heart) of the host fish in order to study the tissue specificity of these isoenzymes. The percentage amount of MDH in general varied significantly between muscle and different studied tissues. Peroxidase isoenzyme was recorded in liver and heart only with significant increase in liver. The cumulative mortalities of the intraperitoneal infection increased along with the sporangiospore concentrations; the highest mortality observed was 70% with108 CFU as compared to the control. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 99-117, 2023
{"title":"Cytogenetic study of pathogenomics of Aspergillus niger on the freshwater host fish Oriochromis niloticus","authors":"Subarna Ghosh, Probir Kumar Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i1.68660","url":null,"abstract":"Infected fresh water Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, were brought alive from Canning fisheries and aquatic resource, Canning, India to parasitology laboratory, Department of Zoology for pathogenic examination. Macroscopic production of infection observed and the specimen was isolated and characterized on the basis of morphological and molecular analysis. The species was identified as Aspergillus niger. The effect of this pathogenic fungus on host physiology was observed by monitoring changes in biochemical, histological parameters. Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis have been used to analyze malate dehydrogenase (MDH), acid phosphatase (Acph) and peroxidase (Px) isoenzymes in different tissues (liver, kidney, muscle and heart) of the host fish in order to study the tissue specificity of these isoenzymes. The percentage amount of MDH in general varied significantly between muscle and different studied tissues. Peroxidase isoenzyme was recorded in liver and heart only with significant increase in liver. The cumulative mortalities of the intraperitoneal infection increased along with the sporangiospore concentrations; the highest mortality observed was 70% with108 CFU as compared to the control. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(1): 99-117, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135202499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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