Sijad Islam, Ibnul Saad Sakal, M. S. Abedin, A. Ghosh, F. S. Borsha, Md Khayrul Hasan, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Akter Akter, Surma Mohiudden Meem, Md Monwar Hossain
The widespread use of the mitochondrial gene, Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), for molecular identification of moth species is both reliable and time-efficient. In the present study, a total of 26 moths from various regions of Bangladesh were collected, and their COI gene was sequenced. Subsequently, homology searches of these species at NCBI’s GenBank revealed significant similarity across diverse countries of origin except for, Fodina oriolus and Micronia aculeata. We then submitted all COI gene sequences to Genbank, with the exception of two sequences, F. oriolus and M. aculeata, which marked the first submission in the Genbank database. We then used BioEdit and MEGA10 to identify a 582 bp COI gene fragment, which included 353 conserved sites, 229 variable sites, and 180 parsimony-informative sites. In the analysis, the average nucleotide composition showed 29.04% A, 41.06% T, 14.43% G, and 15.46% C, respectively. The value of A+T (70.10%) was greater than G+C (29.90%). On the other hand, the Kimura 2-Parameter algorithm calculated the genetic distances between the 26 moth species, revealing variations ranging from 0.051 to 0.197%. This result showed evidence of interspecies hybridization due to the low levels of interspecies divergence (0.051 to 0.197%). However, the DNA barcode dataset serves as a foundation for identifying moth species and establishing a comprehensive barcode reference library for moth pests in Bangladesh and neighbouring countries. Additionally, it supports integrated pest control efforts and contributes to larger ecological studies. Bangladesh J. Zool. 52(1): 67-79, 2024
线粒体基因--细胞色素 c 氧化酶亚单位 I（COI）被广泛用于蛾类物种的分子鉴定，既可靠又省时。本研究从孟加拉国不同地区共采集了 26 种飞蛾，并对其 COI 基因进行了测序。随后，在 NCBI 的 GenBank 中对这些物种进行了同源性检索，发现除了 Fodina oriolus 和 Micronia aculeata 外，其他物种在不同的原产国都有显著的相似性。我们随后将所有 COI 基因序列提交到 Genbank，但 F. oriolus 和 M. aculeata 这两个序列除外，这两个序列是首次提交到 Genbank 数据库。然后，我们使用 BioEdit 和 MEGA10 鉴定了一个 582 bp 的 COI 基因片段，其中包括 353 个保守位点、229 个可变位点和 180 个解析信息位点。分析结果显示，平均核苷酸组成分别为 29.04% A、41.06% T、14.43% G 和 15.46% C。其中，A+T（70.10%）大于 G+C（29.90%）。另一方面，木村 2 参数算法计算了 26 个蛾类物种之间的遗传距离，结果显示差异在 0.051% 到 0.197% 之间。由于种间差异水平较低（0.051% 至 0.197%），这一结果显示了种间杂交的证据。不过，DNA 条形码数据集可作为识别蛾类物种和建立孟加拉国及其邻国蛾类害虫综合条形码参考库的基础。此外，它还支持害虫综合防治工作，并有助于开展更大规模的生态研究。52(1):67-79, 2024
{"title":"Molecular identification of twenty-six moth species based on mitichondrial COI gene sequences","authors":"Sijad Islam, Ibnul Saad Sakal, M. S. Abedin, A. Ghosh, F. S. Borsha, Md Khayrul Hasan, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Akter Akter, Surma Mohiudden Meem, Md Monwar Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v52i1.74728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v52i1.74728","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of the mitochondrial gene, Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), for molecular identification of moth species is both reliable and time-efficient. In the present study, a total of 26 moths from various regions of Bangladesh were collected, and their COI gene was sequenced. Subsequently, homology searches of these species at NCBI’s GenBank revealed significant similarity across diverse countries of origin except for, Fodina oriolus and Micronia aculeata. We then submitted all COI gene sequences to Genbank, with the exception of two sequences, F. oriolus and M. aculeata, which marked the first submission in the Genbank database. We then used BioEdit and MEGA10 to identify a 582 bp COI gene fragment, which included 353 conserved sites, 229 variable sites, and 180 parsimony-informative sites. In the analysis, the average nucleotide composition showed 29.04% A, 41.06% T, 14.43% G, and 15.46% C, respectively. The value of A+T (70.10%) was greater than G+C (29.90%). On the other hand, the Kimura 2-Parameter algorithm calculated the genetic distances between the 26 moth species, revealing variations ranging from 0.051 to 0.197%. This result showed evidence of interspecies hybridization due to the low levels of interspecies divergence (0.051 to 0.197%). However, the DNA barcode dataset serves as a foundation for identifying moth species and establishing a comprehensive barcode reference library for moth pests in Bangladesh and neighbouring countries. Additionally, it supports integrated pest control efforts and contributes to larger ecological studies.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 52(1): 67-79, 2024 ","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141658927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Predatory potential of Zebrafish, Danio rerio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) and Guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) were evaluated to control Aedes mosquito larvae and thereby manage dengue epidemics in a sustainable, and eco-friendly manner. Under laboratory conditions, size-matched fish of each species were introduced into separate plastic containers containing 2 liters of tap water and 100 third instar larvae of Aedes. In addition, different prey combinations were used to assess the comparative predation potential of the fishes. Mosquito prey preferences were assessed using Manly’s preference index. Over 24-hours of laboratory conditions, a significant difference (p<0.05) between the predatory efficiency of the studied fish species was reported where the predatory efficiency of D. rerio was higher than that of Po. reticulata. D. rerio showed significantly (p<0.05) higher predation efficiency and prey preference for 2nd instar larvae and pupae of Aedes than Po. reticulata on the presence of alternative prey. Based on predation efficiency and prey preference, this study suggests that indigenous Danio rerio can be evaluated as an alternative species to exotic Poecilia reticulata in biological control for more eco-friendly, cost-effective sustainable management of Aedes mosquitoes. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 315-327, 2023
{"title":"Predatory competence of Danio rerio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) and Poecilia reticulata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) as biocontrol agent of Aedes larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) under the laboratory condition","authors":"Tanjina Akter, S. Begum, T. Akter","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72039","url":null,"abstract":"Predatory potential of Zebrafish, Danio rerio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) and Guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae) were evaluated to control Aedes mosquito larvae and thereby manage dengue epidemics in a sustainable, and eco-friendly manner. Under laboratory conditions, size-matched fish of each species were introduced into separate plastic containers containing 2 liters of tap water and 100 third instar larvae of Aedes. In addition, different prey combinations were used to assess the comparative predation potential of the fishes. Mosquito prey preferences were assessed using Manly’s preference index. Over 24-hours of laboratory conditions, a significant difference (p<0.05) between the predatory efficiency of the studied fish species was reported where the predatory efficiency of D. rerio was higher than that of Po. reticulata. D. rerio showed significantly (p<0.05) higher predation efficiency and prey preference for 2nd instar larvae and pupae of Aedes than Po. reticulata on the presence of alternative prey. Based on predation efficiency and prey preference, this study suggests that indigenous Danio rerio can be evaluated as an alternative species to exotic Poecilia reticulata in biological control for more eco-friendly, cost-effective sustainable management of Aedes mosquitoes.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 315-327, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140783478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract not available Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 361-369, 2023
摘要不可用孟加拉国 J. Zool.51(3):361-369, 2023
{"title":"Temperature effects on the reproductive performance of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes in Dhaka City, Bangladesh","authors":"Afroza Sultana, Ashekul Islam, Tanvir Hasan","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 361-369, 2023 ","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140794149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. Abdel Mageed, B. Ariyadi, N. Isobe, Y. Yoshimura
The innate immune defense system is initiated by recognizing components of microorganisms by different families of receptors such as TLRs and the intracellular NLR family. Among the NLR family, NLRC5 recognizes pathogenic components of microorganisms. The current study aimed to determine the expression profile of NLRC5 in the mucosal tissue of the oviduct of laying hens and to examine the effects of oviduct regression and estradiol benzoate (EB) on its expression. In this study, we used two groups of laying and molting hens. The molting group was treated by receiving a single dose of sesame oil or estradiol benzoate through intramuscular injection. To examine the histological differences in the oviduct between laying, molting, and estradiol-injected groups, Tissue samples from all segments of the oviduct of all groups were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. To observe the profile of NLRC5 gene and the effects of estradiol treatment, RNA was obtained from the surface epithelium and lamina propria of the whole segments of the oviduct of normal laying hens, and mucosal tissue of magnum, isthmus, uterus, and the vagina of molting groups. Both mucosal surface epithelium and lamina propria expressed NLRC5. The expression of NLRC5 was higher in the molting than in the laying group, and it was lower in the EB group. These results suggested that NLRC5 may have a role in recognizing pathogens invading the oviduct of laying and molting hens, and its expression is changed in association with oviduct growth. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 345-359, 2023
{"title":"NLRC5 expression profile in the oviduct of laying hens and its changes following estradiol treatment in induced molting hens","authors":"A. M. Abdel Mageed, B. Ariyadi, N. Isobe, Y. Yoshimura","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72045","url":null,"abstract":"The innate immune defense system is initiated by recognizing components of microorganisms by different families of receptors such as TLRs and the intracellular NLR family. Among the NLR family, NLRC5 recognizes pathogenic components of microorganisms. The current study aimed to determine the expression profile of NLRC5 in the mucosal tissue of the oviduct of laying hens and to examine the effects of oviduct regression and estradiol benzoate (EB) on its expression. In this study, we used two groups of laying and molting hens. The molting group was treated by receiving a single dose of sesame oil or estradiol benzoate through intramuscular injection. To examine the histological differences in the oviduct between laying, molting, and estradiol-injected groups, Tissue samples from all segments of the oviduct of all groups were fixed in formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. To observe the profile of NLRC5 gene and the effects of estradiol treatment, RNA was obtained from the surface epithelium and lamina propria of the whole segments of the oviduct of normal laying hens, and mucosal tissue of magnum, isthmus, uterus, and the vagina of molting groups. Both mucosal surface epithelium and lamina propria expressed NLRC5. The expression of NLRC5 was higher in the molting than in the laying group, and it was lower in the EB group. These results suggested that NLRC5 may have a role in recognizing pathogens invading the oviduct of laying and molting hens, and its expression is changed in association with oviduct growth.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 345-359, 2023 ","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanjoy Kumar Modak, Azmaien Naziat, Joya Chakrabarty, Md. Main Uddin Mamun, Md. Moudud Islam, M. Zahangir, F. Akhter
Morphometric features are efficiently used for the differentiation of species and long-term management of fish populations. Truss analysis is a frequently used taxonomic method as well as a stock identification tool to dissimilitude the morphologically similar species. Using landmark-based truss networking techniques following 18 morphometric lengths, 10 meristic counts, and 23 truss-network distance, the morphological variation of three croaker species viz. Johnius borneensis, Johnius argentatus, and Johnius belangerii were examined from Bangladesh coast. Data were analyzed and visualized through univariate ANOVA, canonical discriminate function analysis (DFA), and principal component analysis (PCA). Results found that the first DFA was responsible for 80.6% & 81.1%, whereas the second DFA was responsible for 19.4% & 18.9% variations among three species for the morphometric and truss-distances, respectively. In addition, 14 out of 18 morphometric and 12 out of 23 truss-network measurements were significantly different (p < 0.05) among means of three species. 1st PCA found 70.76% & 64.49% explained variations and 2nd PCA displayed 12.8% & 11.5% explained variations respectively for morphometric and truss distances. The findings of the study demonstrates that J. borneensis and J. belangerii are highly morphologically similar and J. argentatus is completely distinct which might be due to their physiological and genetic variations. The present study might be helpful in differentiating species and managing existing stocks of marine fish. Further studies regarding the molecular characterization of the Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene could confirm the genetic variations among these species. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 233-251, 2023
{"title":"Morphometrics and Truss-networking distances among three species of croaker (Johnius borneensis, Johnius argentatus and Johnius belangerii) from Bangladesh coast of the Bay of Bengal","authors":"Sanjoy Kumar Modak, Azmaien Naziat, Joya Chakrabarty, Md. Main Uddin Mamun, Md. Moudud Islam, M. Zahangir, F. Akhter","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.71987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.71987","url":null,"abstract":"Morphometric features are efficiently used for the differentiation of species and long-term management of fish populations. Truss analysis is a frequently used taxonomic method as well as a stock identification tool to dissimilitude the morphologically similar species. Using landmark-based truss networking techniques following 18 morphometric lengths, 10 meristic counts, and 23 truss-network distance, the morphological variation of three croaker species viz. Johnius borneensis, Johnius argentatus, and Johnius belangerii were examined from Bangladesh coast. Data were analyzed and visualized through univariate ANOVA, canonical discriminate function analysis (DFA), and principal component analysis (PCA). Results found that the first DFA was responsible for 80.6% & 81.1%, whereas the second DFA was responsible for 19.4% & 18.9% variations among three species for the morphometric and truss-distances, respectively. In addition, 14 out of 18 morphometric and 12 out of 23 truss-network measurements were significantly different (p < 0.05) among means of three species. 1st PCA found 70.76% & 64.49% explained variations and 2nd PCA displayed 12.8% & 11.5% explained variations respectively for morphometric and truss distances. The findings of the study demonstrates that J. borneensis and J. belangerii are highly morphologically similar and J. argentatus is completely distinct which might be due to their physiological and genetic variations. The present study might be helpful in differentiating species and managing existing stocks of marine fish. Further studies regarding the molecular characterization of the Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene could confirm the genetic variations among these species.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 233-251, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140795803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md A Alim, Nuzhat Ara, Sakura Haque, Shah H A Mahdi
From September 2021 to August 2022 a study was carried out to assess the species diversity and abundances of pollinators and plant-pollinator interactions in Puthia Upazila of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. A total of 3284 individuals were recorded, in which 109 species of 87 genera were identified as belonging to 49 families and 12 orders under three classes (Insecta, Aves and Mammalia). The relative abundance of insects and non-insect pollinators was 91.57% and 8.43%, respectively. A maximum of 32 species (relative abundance, RA= 32.70 %) was observed in the order Lepidoptera and minimum in the order Chiroptera (1 species; RA= 0.09 %). The most abundant family was Apidae (n= 267, RA= 8.12%) and the most dominant species was Eurema hecabe (n= 95, RA= 2.89%) (Family: Pieridae, Order: Lepidoptera). Based on number of individuals (n), the status of pollinators: 25 species were very common, 29 species were common, 18 species were fairly common, 21 species were rare and 16 species were very rare. A total of 51 flowering plants were documented that were visited by the pollinators, of which 32 were crop plants and 19 were non-crop flowering plants. Among them, the flowers of Orangeberry (Glycosmis pentaphylla) received the greatest number of pollinator species, i.e., 55. Overall, 79 species of recorded pollinators visited non-crop flowering plants, 65 species visited crop plants, and 35 species were common in both. According to the obtained individuals, the Shannon (H') and Simpson (1-D) diversity indices were 4.41 and 0.99, respectively. The Berger-Parker dominance (d) and Pielou's evenness index (J') were 0.03 and 0.94, respectively, while the Margalef (DMg) and Menhinick (DMn) species richness indices were 13.34 and 1.90, respectively. The present study is the first report to offer baseline abundance and diversity of main pollinator groups in agroecosystems and provide data for a checklist of the variety of pollinators in the Puthia Upazila, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 267-287, 2023
{"title":"Plant and insect-pollinator interactions in the Puthia Upazila of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh","authors":"Md A Alim, Nuzhat Ara, Sakura Haque, Shah H A Mahdi","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72022","url":null,"abstract":"From September 2021 to August 2022 a study was carried out to assess the species diversity and abundances of pollinators and plant-pollinator interactions in Puthia Upazila of Rajshahi District, Bangladesh. A total of 3284 individuals were recorded, in which 109 species of 87 genera were identified as belonging to 49 families and 12 orders under three classes (Insecta, Aves and Mammalia). The relative abundance of insects and non-insect pollinators was 91.57% and 8.43%, respectively. A maximum of 32 species (relative abundance, RA= 32.70 %) was observed in the order Lepidoptera and minimum in the order Chiroptera (1 species; RA= 0.09 %). The most abundant family was Apidae (n= 267, RA= 8.12%) and the most dominant species was Eurema hecabe (n= 95, RA= 2.89%) (Family: Pieridae, Order: Lepidoptera). Based on number of individuals (n), the status of pollinators: 25 species were very common, 29 species were common, 18 species were fairly common, 21 species were rare and 16 species were very rare. A total of 51 flowering plants were documented that were visited by the pollinators, of which 32 were crop plants and 19 were non-crop flowering plants. Among them, the flowers of Orangeberry (Glycosmis pentaphylla) received the greatest number of pollinator species, i.e., 55. Overall, 79 species of recorded pollinators visited non-crop flowering plants, 65 species visited crop plants, and 35 species were common in both. According to the obtained individuals, the Shannon (H') and Simpson (1-D) diversity indices were 4.41 and 0.99, respectively. The Berger-Parker dominance (d) and Pielou's evenness index (J') were 0.03 and 0.94, respectively, while the Margalef (DMg) and Menhinick (DMn) species richness indices were 13.34 and 1.90, respectively. The present study is the first report to offer baseline abundance and diversity of main pollinator groups in agroecosystems and provide data for a checklist of the variety of pollinators in the Puthia Upazila, Rajshahi, Bangladesh.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 267-287, 2023 ","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. A. Aziz, M. M. H Khan, Modinul Ahsan, Md Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, Arif Mohammad Faisal
Ganges River Dolphins (Platanista gangetica) are known to inhabit all major river systems in Bangladesh. However, comprehensive spatial records for this globally endangered aquatic mammal are notably scarce nationwide. Furthermore, their habitats are increasingly threatened due to excessive utilization of aquatic resources and their habitats by the growing human population. To allocate limited resources in safeguarding high-priority dolphin habitats, we conducted field surveys and arranged stakeholder consultations to identify key dolphin habitats and the conservation threats they face across Bangladesh. Through this process, we have identified 14 river segments as high-priority winter habitats for Ganges River Dolphins. These dolphins encounter both direct and indirect threats within their habitats. Direct threats include entanglement and occasional intentional killing for traditional medicinal purposes and as fish attractants. Indirect threats leading to habitat degradation comprise the construction of dams and barrages for upstream water extraction, increasing industrial pollution in river waters, overfishing, and alterations to river morphology caused by siltation and sedimentation. The heavy reliance of local communities on dolphin habitats, coupled with a lack of widespread awareness and insufficient conservation efforts, pose significant challenges to the future survival of Ganges River Dolphins in Bangladesh. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 253-266, 2023
{"title":"Identification of key habitats and conservation threats of the Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica) of Bangladesh","authors":"M. A. Aziz, M. M. H Khan, Modinul Ahsan, Md Rezaul Karim Chowdhury, Arif Mohammad Faisal","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72013","url":null,"abstract":"Ganges River Dolphins (Platanista gangetica) are known to inhabit all major river systems in Bangladesh. However, comprehensive spatial records for this globally endangered aquatic mammal are notably scarce nationwide. Furthermore, their habitats are increasingly threatened due to excessive utilization of aquatic resources and their habitats by the growing human population. To allocate limited resources in safeguarding high-priority dolphin habitats, we conducted field surveys and arranged stakeholder consultations to identify key dolphin habitats and the conservation threats they face across Bangladesh. Through this process, we have identified 14 river segments as high-priority winter habitats for Ganges River Dolphins. These dolphins encounter both direct and indirect threats within their habitats. Direct threats include entanglement and occasional intentional killing for traditional medicinal purposes and as fish attractants. Indirect threats leading to habitat degradation comprise the construction of dams and barrages for upstream water extraction, increasing industrial pollution in river waters, overfishing, and alterations to river morphology caused by siltation and sedimentation. The heavy reliance of local communities on dolphin habitats, coupled with a lack of widespread awareness and insufficient conservation efforts, pose significant challenges to the future survival of Ganges River Dolphins in Bangladesh.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 253-266, 2023 ","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The suckermouth catfish (SMF) is an invasive species in Bangladesh that has had a huge negative impact on ecosystems including rivers, lakes and wetlands. Several SMFs had been introduced as aquarium fish in the early 80‘s. The first report of this fish in Bangladesh was recorded in 2008; more recently, it has been banned in September 2022 due to its alarming adverse impact on flora and fauna of inland waterbodies. This review explores the complex ecological, economic, and social dynamics triggered by several species of SMFs. The information on SMF‘s rapid proliferation, adaptability, and destructive capacity on inland waterbodies were underscored, as well as the resulting challenges significant to the indigenous aquatic flora and fauna, habitats, and livelihoods of the wetland-dependent communities. However, the eradication of SMFs from inland waterbodies would be a major challenge. Moreover, a cautious yet prospective plan for either exploitation or eradication, along with inflexible ecological safeguards, are recommended. Technological supports such as environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques, together with the integration of image processing, machine learning, and robotics, may be favorably used in detecting the presence of SMFs. Additionally, identifying habitat, distribution, and hotspot should be considered for needful action. This review highlights a multifaceted narrative of SMF in Bangladesh, emphasizing a complex balance between ecological conservation, economic gains, and technological innovations. Therefore, the illustrated information of SMFs could be helpful to enhance the current knowledges which may lead our nation towards ecological resilience and sustainable harmony against future aquatic invasions. This review suggests advanced action plan and collaboration among different fisheries stakeholders, government authorities and policy makers for eradication or sustainable management of SMFs in inland waterbodies. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 371-396, 2023
{"title":"Invasive Suckermouth catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) in Bangladesh wetlands: A review on the present status and challenges","authors":"Md. Masud Rana, Shakik Mahmud, Kamrul Hossain Hossain Siam, Hasan Ahmmed Chowdhury, Subrata Ranjan Das, Mehady Islam, Marufa Sultana, A. S. Habib, Eruban Shawdiv Naser, Tonima Mustafa, Samia Saif, Momin Momin, Naser Naser","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i3.72105","url":null,"abstract":"The suckermouth catfish (SMF) is an invasive species in Bangladesh that has had a huge negative impact on ecosystems including rivers, lakes and wetlands. Several SMFs had been introduced as aquarium fish in the early 80‘s. The first report of this fish in Bangladesh was recorded in 2008; more recently, it has been banned in September 2022 due to its alarming adverse impact on flora and fauna of inland waterbodies. This review explores the complex ecological, economic, and social dynamics triggered by several species of SMFs. The information on SMF‘s rapid proliferation, adaptability, and destructive capacity on inland waterbodies were underscored, as well as the resulting challenges significant to the indigenous aquatic flora and fauna, habitats, and livelihoods of the wetland-dependent communities. However, the eradication of SMFs from inland waterbodies would be a major challenge. Moreover, a cautious yet prospective plan for either exploitation or eradication, along with inflexible ecological safeguards, are recommended. Technological supports such as environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques, together with the integration of image processing, machine learning, and robotics, may be favorably used in detecting the presence of SMFs. Additionally, identifying habitat, distribution, and hotspot should be considered for needful action. This review highlights a multifaceted narrative of SMF in Bangladesh, emphasizing a complex balance between ecological conservation, economic gains, and technological innovations. Therefore, the illustrated information of SMFs could be helpful to enhance the current knowledges which may lead our nation towards ecological resilience and sustainable harmony against future aquatic invasions. This review suggests advanced action plan and collaboration among different fisheries stakeholders, government authorities and policy makers for eradication or sustainable management of SMFs in inland waterbodies.\u0000Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(3): 371-396, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, contributes to a significant global health burden that disproportionally affects those living in developing nations. The majority of cases are caused by the species P. falciparum and responsible for the a million deaths each year worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate extracts of three indigenous medicinal plants- Raishorisha, Brassica juncea; Gimma shak, Glinus oppositifolius and Hijal, Barringtonia acutangula In vitro anti-plasmodial activities against the 3D7 laboratory strain of Plasmodium falciparum, which is sensitive to all drug was tested. HRP2 ELISA assay was used to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory activity of the extracts. Plant extracts showed moderate to good anti parasitic effects. Highly promising anti-plasmodial activity was found in the extract of Brassica juncea. 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 3D7: 0.00905 μg/ml (methanol extract), and Glinus oppositifolius had a good activity (IC50) 3D7: 13.8 μg/ml (methanol extract). A moderate activity (23.8 μg/ml) was found in the methanol extracts of B. acutangula. These results demonstrate that methanol extracts of B. juncea and G. oppositifolius may have antimalarial agents even in their crude form. The isolation of compounds from these two plants seems to be of special interest for further anti-malarial studies. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 205-216, 2023
{"title":"Evaluation of Anti-malarial Activity of Brassica Juncea, Glinus Oppositifolius, and Barringtonia Acutangular Against Plasmodium Falciparum Strain","authors":"H. Khanum, Sadia Afrin","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.70780","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium parasite, contributes to a significant global health burden that disproportionally affects those living in developing nations. The majority of cases are caused by the species P. falciparum and responsible for the a million deaths each year worldwide. The aim of the present study was to evaluate extracts of three indigenous medicinal plants- Raishorisha, Brassica juncea; Gimma shak, Glinus oppositifolius and Hijal, Barringtonia acutangula In vitro anti-plasmodial activities against the 3D7 laboratory strain of Plasmodium falciparum, which is sensitive to all drug was tested. HRP2 ELISA assay was used to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory activity of the extracts. Plant extracts showed moderate to good anti parasitic effects. Highly promising anti-plasmodial activity was found in the extract of Brassica juncea. 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 3D7: 0.00905 μg/ml (methanol extract), and Glinus oppositifolius had a good activity (IC50) 3D7: 13.8 μg/ml (methanol extract). A moderate activity (23.8 μg/ml) was found in the methanol extracts of B. acutangula. These results demonstrate that methanol extracts of B. juncea and G. oppositifolius may have antimalarial agents even in their crude form. The isolation of compounds from these two plants seems to be of special interest for further anti-malarial studies. Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 205-216, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139131879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fish biodiversity studies were undertaken from January 2012 to December 2012 to census commercially important fishes in the Sindphana Dam. The present paper deals with the variety and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Sindphana Dam near Shirur Kasar Dist. Beed [M.S] India. The results of the present investigation reveal the occurrence of 44 fish species belonging to 7 orders, 15 families, and 26 genera. Among the collected species order Cypriniformes was most dominant constituting 50% followed by order Siluriformes constituting 18%, order Perciformesconstituting 18 %, orders Osteoglossiformesand Synbranchiformes constituting 5% and orders Mugiliformesand Beloniformes constituting 2 %of the total fish species. Fish biodiversity indices species richness 44 in the total number of species (N0), 3.73 in Margalef’s index (R1), and 0.97 in the Menhinick index (R2). Species diversity was 0.47 in the Simpson index (), 1.16 in the Shannon-Weiner index (H’), 2.98 in abundant species (N1), and 2.80 in very abundant species (N2). Species evenness was 0.42 in (E1), 0.21 in (E2), 0.17 in (E3), 0.95 in (E4), and 0.97 in (E5). Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 155-164, 2023
{"title":"Status of Fish Biodiversity in the Sindphana River Dam Near Shirur Kasar, District Beed, Maharashtra, India","authors":"T. Pathan, S. E. Shinde","doi":"10.3329/bjz.v51i2.69589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v51i2.69589","url":null,"abstract":"Fish biodiversity studies were undertaken from January 2012 to December 2012 to census commercially important fishes in the Sindphana Dam. The present paper deals with the variety and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Sindphana Dam near Shirur Kasar Dist. Beed [M.S] India. The results of the present investigation reveal the occurrence of 44 fish species belonging to 7 orders, 15 families, and 26 genera. Among the collected species order Cypriniformes was most dominant constituting 50% followed by order Siluriformes constituting 18%, order Perciformesconstituting 18 %, orders Osteoglossiformesand Synbranchiformes constituting 5% and orders Mugiliformesand Beloniformes constituting 2 %of the total fish species. Fish biodiversity indices species richness 44 in the total number of species (N0), 3.73 in Margalef’s index (R1), and 0.97 in the Menhinick index (R2). Species diversity was 0.47 in the Simpson index (), 1.16 in the Shannon-Weiner index (H’), 2.98 in abundant species (N1), and 2.80 in very abundant species (N2). Species evenness was 0.42 in (E1), 0.21 in (E2), 0.17 in (E3), 0.95 in (E4), and 0.97 in (E5). Bangladesh J. Zool. 51(2): 155-164, 2023","PeriodicalId":8702,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Journal of Zoology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139133088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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