Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.66754
Mehrunnissa Kahnom, Rabiul Alam Mohammed Erfan Uddin, A. Ghose, A. Zahed, M. K. Islam, R. Karim, A. Karim, S. Ara, R. Ahmad, Md Akhtarul Islam Chowdhury, M. A. Hossain
Background: Among many unexplored and challenging areas of COVID-19, pathophysiology of hypoxia and its management requires special attention for the physicians. The current study aimed to find the predictors of duration and demand of oxygen therapy in RT-PCR positive, hospitalized, COVID-19 patients. Methods: It was a prospective, multicentered, observational study conducted at Chattagram International Medical College (Isolation Ward, CIMC), Chattogram Medical College (COVID Red Zone) and Parkview Hospital Limited (COVID-19 Ward) from January to June 2021 on hospitalised, RT-PCR positive cases of COVID-19 patients of 18 yrs or above who required supplemental oxygen therapy and gave informed consent to be included in the study. All the participants underwent chest HRCT on initial presentation. Results: In this study, 85 consecutive patients of confirmed COVID-19 were recruited under the study. Patients required oxygen for a median duration of 6 days and median value of the maximum oxygen requirement was 7 L/min with a range between 1-100 l/min. In patients with no co-morbidity, one co-morbidity and more than one comorbidity, the median duration of oxygen therapy were 4.5 (3.0-7.8) hours and 7.0 (5.0-14.3) hours respectively. Multiple regression was run to predict maximum oxygen duration and maximum oxygen required for the patients from gender, age, smoking pattern, number of comorbidity and HRCT score; only total number of comorbidity and HRCT severity score added statistically significantly to the prediction, p < 0.05. Conclusion: The results of the study might be helpful in triage of COVID-19 patients, planning as well as clinical decision making. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 75-80
{"title":"Predictors of Duration and Demand of Oxygen Therapy in Hospitalized RT-PCR Positive COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Mehrunnissa Kahnom, Rabiul Alam Mohammed Erfan Uddin, A. Ghose, A. Zahed, M. K. Islam, R. Karim, A. Karim, S. Ara, R. Ahmad, Md Akhtarul Islam Chowdhury, M. A. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.66754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.66754","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Among many unexplored and challenging areas of COVID-19, pathophysiology of hypoxia and its management requires special attention for the physicians. The current study aimed to find the predictors of duration and demand of oxygen therapy in RT-PCR positive, hospitalized, COVID-19 patients.\u0000Methods: It was a prospective, multicentered, observational study conducted at Chattagram International Medical College (Isolation Ward, CIMC), Chattogram Medical College (COVID Red Zone) and Parkview Hospital Limited (COVID-19 Ward) from January to June 2021 on hospitalised, RT-PCR positive cases of COVID-19 patients of 18 yrs or above who required supplemental oxygen therapy and gave informed consent to be included in the study. All the participants underwent chest HRCT on initial presentation.\u0000Results: In this study, 85 consecutive patients of confirmed COVID-19 were recruited under the study. Patients required oxygen for a median duration of 6 days and median value of the maximum oxygen requirement was 7 L/min with a range between 1-100 l/min. In patients with no co-morbidity, one co-morbidity and more than one comorbidity, the median duration of oxygen therapy were 4.5 (3.0-7.8) hours and 7.0 (5.0-14.3) hours respectively. Multiple regression was run to predict maximum oxygen duration and maximum oxygen required for the patients from gender, age, smoking pattern, number of comorbidity and HRCT score; only total number of comorbidity and HRCT severity score added statistically significantly to the prediction, p < 0.05.\u0000Conclusion: The results of the study might be helpful in triage of COVID-19 patients, planning as well as clinical decision making. \u0000Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 75-80","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47537031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.65235
Mohammad Shah Kamal, Rubina Farzana, Md Hafiz Ehsanul Hoque, M. G. Hossain
Background: In Bangladesh, in 2020 estimated number of new cancer cases were 156775 and number of deaths were 108990. Carcinoma pharynx and larynx in 2020 were 7.86% and 3.4% of total new cancer cases, 5.71% and 3% of total cancer deaths. Fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) has been established as a valuable diagnostic tool and its accuracy is 80.65%. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to see the topographic and histological distribution of pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers and secondary objective was to assess the role of Flexible Endoscopic Biopsy (FEB) in the diagnosis of cancers. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done from March 2021 to October 2022 at Mount Adora Hospital, Akhalia, Sylhet, Bangladesh. All suspected pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer patients attending in this hospital for FOL and FEB were included in this study in a convenient sampling method. Benign, recurrence and residual cases were excluded from this study. Results: Total 700 patients of suspected pharyngeal and laryngeal tumour were included in this study. Sensitivity of FEB was 98.3%. FOL was 91% successful in acquiring a definite diagnosis. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 100 years with a mean age of 58.48 year (SD=13.26). Male, Femaleratio was 5.92:1. Nasopharyngeal cancer affected younger age group (mean age 39.59 year). Pharyngeal cancer was more common (62.9%) than laryngeal cancer (37.1%). Hypopharynx (63.2%) was most common site for pharyngeal cancers. In laryngeal cancer, supraglottic was more common (60%). In hypopharyngeal cancer, pyriform fossa was the commonest site (87%). Squamous cell carcinoma (99.21%) was the most common histological diagnosis. Conclusion: Pharynx was more frequent site than larynx for cancers. Supraglottic region was the most common site for laryngeal and pyriform sinus was the most common site for hypopharyngeal cancers. Nasopharyngeal cancer affected younger age group. Common histological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Flexible Endoscopic Biopsy (FEB) was highly sensitive. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 63-69
{"title":"Topographic and Histological Distribution of Carcinoma Pharynx and Larynx: Fiber Optic Laryngoscopic (FOL) Study of 700 Cases","authors":"Mohammad Shah Kamal, Rubina Farzana, Md Hafiz Ehsanul Hoque, M. G. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.65235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.65235","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Bangladesh, in 2020 estimated number of new cancer cases were 156775 and number of deaths were 108990. Carcinoma pharynx and larynx in 2020 were 7.86% and 3.4% of total new cancer cases, 5.71% and 3% of total cancer deaths. Fiber optic laryngoscopy (FOL) has been established as a valuable diagnostic tool and its accuracy is 80.65%.\u0000Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to see the topographic and histological distribution of pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers and secondary objective was to assess the role of Flexible Endoscopic Biopsy (FEB) in the diagnosis of cancers.\u0000Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done from March 2021 to October 2022 at Mount Adora Hospital, Akhalia, Sylhet, Bangladesh. All suspected pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer patients attending in this hospital for FOL and FEB were included in this study in a convenient sampling method. Benign, recurrence and residual cases were excluded from this study.\u0000Results: Total 700 patients of suspected pharyngeal and laryngeal tumour were included in this study. Sensitivity of FEB was 98.3%. FOL was 91% successful in acquiring a definite diagnosis. The age of the patients ranged from 15 to 100 years with a mean age of 58.48 year (SD=13.26). Male, Femaleratio was 5.92:1. Nasopharyngeal cancer affected younger age group (mean age 39.59 year). Pharyngeal cancer was more common (62.9%) than laryngeal cancer (37.1%). Hypopharynx (63.2%) was most common site for pharyngeal cancers. In laryngeal cancer, supraglottic was more common (60%). In hypopharyngeal cancer, pyriform fossa was the commonest site (87%). Squamous cell carcinoma (99.21%) was the most common histological diagnosis.\u0000Conclusion: Pharynx was more frequent site than larynx for cancers. Supraglottic region was the most common site for laryngeal and pyriform sinus was the most common site for hypopharyngeal cancers. Nasopharyngeal cancer affected younger age group. Common histological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma. Flexible Endoscopic Biopsy (FEB) was highly sensitive.\u0000Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 63-69","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43907965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.62797
M. Begum, S. Khatun, S. Begum, M. Amatullah, T. Mahmud, R. Ara, Mahmud-Un Nabi, F. Khatoon, T. Nazneen, J. Ferdous
Background: Women with postmenopausal bleeding have 10%-15% chance of having endometrial carcinoma and therefore the diagnostic work is aimed at excluding uterine malignancy. For accurate diagnosis of cause of postmenopausal bleeding, endometrial abnormalities can be assessed by hysteroscopy and hysteroscopy directed biopsy or fractional curettage. Objective: To compare the hysteroscopic findings with histopathologic report of endometrium in postmenopausal bleeding. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in the department of gynaecological oncology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University over 1 year from June 2019 to May 2020. Thirty women with the complaints of postmenopausal bleeding were enrolled. Each women underwent hysteroscopic evaluation and endometrial tissue was obtained by hysteroscopy directed biopsy as well as fractional curettage in some cases, then sent for histopathology. Results were analyzed to find out sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of hysteroscopy, taking histopathological diagnosis as gold standard. Analysis was carried out by using SPSS version 26. Results: Hysteroscopic examination findings and histopathology of endometrium in 30 postmenopausal women, 11(36.6%) cases were found normal both on hysteroscopy and histopathology, among them 4(13.3%) cases were proliferative endometrium, 1(3.3%) was secretory endometrium and 5(16.6%) cases were found atrophic endometrium and 1(3.3%) tissue was insufficient. Hysteroscopic view of normal endometrium showed a sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 100%. For Endometrial polyp showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy 100%respectively. For Hyperplasia, hysteroscopy showed sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.2%, positive predictive value 80%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 96.7%. Endometrial carcinoma was found in 3(10%) cases and showed sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.3%, positive predictive value 75.0%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 96.7%. For the atrophic endometrium, sensitivity (100%), specificity (96.0%), positive predictive value (83.3%), negative predictive value (100%) and accuracy (96.7%). 1(3.3%) had in situ endometrial carcinoma and 2(6.6%) had adenomyosis on histopathology. Conclusion: The study concludes that hysteroscopy and directed biopsy or fractional curettage is a highly accurate, sensitive, specific, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for diagnosis of cause of postmenopausal bleeding. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 1-14
{"title":"Evaluation of Hysteroscopic Findings and Histopathologic Report of Endometrium in Postmenopausal Bleeding","authors":"M. Begum, S. Khatun, S. Begum, M. Amatullah, T. Mahmud, R. Ara, Mahmud-Un Nabi, F. Khatoon, T. Nazneen, J. Ferdous","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.62797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i1.62797","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Women with postmenopausal bleeding have 10%-15% chance of having endometrial carcinoma and therefore the diagnostic work is aimed at excluding uterine malignancy. For accurate diagnosis of cause of postmenopausal bleeding, endometrial abnormalities can be assessed by hysteroscopy and hysteroscopy directed biopsy or fractional curettage.\u0000Objective: To compare the hysteroscopic findings with histopathologic report of endometrium in postmenopausal bleeding.\u0000Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in the department of gynaecological oncology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University over 1 year from June 2019 to May 2020. Thirty women with the complaints of postmenopausal bleeding were enrolled. Each women underwent hysteroscopic evaluation and endometrial tissue was obtained by hysteroscopy directed biopsy as well as fractional curettage in some cases, then sent for histopathology. Results were analyzed to find out sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of hysteroscopy, taking histopathological diagnosis as gold standard. Analysis was carried out by using SPSS version 26.\u0000Results: Hysteroscopic examination findings and histopathology of endometrium in 30 postmenopausal women, 11(36.6%) cases were found normal both on hysteroscopy and histopathology, among them 4(13.3%) cases were proliferative endometrium, 1(3.3%) was secretory endometrium and 5(16.6%) cases were found atrophic endometrium and 1(3.3%) tissue was insufficient. Hysteroscopic view of normal endometrium showed a sensitivity 100%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 100%. For Endometrial polyp showed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy 100%respectively. For Hyperplasia, hysteroscopy showed sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.2%, positive predictive value 80%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 96.7%. Endometrial carcinoma was found in 3(10%) cases and showed sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.3%, positive predictive value 75.0%, negative predictive value 100% and accuracy 96.7%. For the atrophic endometrium, sensitivity (100%), specificity (96.0%), positive predictive value (83.3%), negative predictive value (100%) and accuracy (96.7%). 1(3.3%) had in situ endometrial carcinoma and 2(6.6%) had adenomyosis on histopathology.\u0000Conclusion: The study concludes that hysteroscopy and directed biopsy or fractional curettage is a highly accurate, sensitive, specific, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for diagnosis of cause of postmenopausal bleeding.\u0000Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(1): 1-14","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42180398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60662
Chowdhury Shamima Sultana, Mst Farhana Tarannum Khan, F. Islam, S. Khanam, Mst Sharmin Ferdous, B. Anwar
Background: Vulvar cancer is one of the rare malignancies of the female genital tract. Vulvar cancer is predominantly a disease of post-menopausal multiparous women. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse and report the clinico-pathological features and treatment modalities of patients with vulvar cancer treated at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICR&H), Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: This was a cross- sectional observational study conducted among 96 vulvar cancer cases treated at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICR&H), Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2015 to 2020. The medical records of patients with vulvar cancer were retrospectively reviewed after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Clinical details of all vulvar cancer patients and treatment given were collected from the hospital records and were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 96 patients with vulvar cancer were included for this retrospective analysis. The median age was 50 years (range, 12- 85 years) with a mean (±SD) of 50.50±15.12 years. Stages of the disease were: stage I: 27.1% patients; stage II: 22.9% patients; stage III: 30.3% patients; stage IV: 16.7% patients; and unknown stage: 3.1% patient as per International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histologic type (84.4%) followed by adenocarcinoma (5.2%), melanoma (4.2%), basal cell carcinoma (3.1%), and others (3.1%). Most of the patients (45.8%) were treated by surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. About 24.0% of patients were treated primarily by radiotherapy and/or chemo-radiotherapy. Conclusion: Management of vulvar cancer requires multidisciplinary team approach, which is available only in tertiary care centres. The treatment of vulvar cancer is surgery, radiotherapy, chemo- radiotherapy or a combination therapy. Treatment should be individualised based on lesions location and histological type. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 64-70
{"title":"Clinico-pathological Characteristics and Treatment Modalities of Vulvar Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Chowdhury Shamima Sultana, Mst Farhana Tarannum Khan, F. Islam, S. Khanam, Mst Sharmin Ferdous, B. Anwar","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60662","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vulvar cancer is one of the rare malignancies of the female genital tract. Vulvar cancer is predominantly a disease of post-menopausal multiparous women.\u0000Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse and report the clinico-pathological features and treatment modalities of patients with vulvar cancer treated at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICR&H), Dhaka, Bangladesh.\u0000Methods: This was a cross- sectional observational study conducted among 96 vulvar cancer cases treated at National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICR&H), Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2015 to 2020. The medical records of patients with vulvar cancer were retrospectively reviewed after obtaining approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB). Clinical details of all vulvar cancer patients and treatment given were collected from the hospital records and were reviewed retrospectively.\u0000Results: A total of 96 patients with vulvar cancer were included for this retrospective analysis. The median age was 50 years (range, 12- 85 years) with a mean (±SD) of 50.50±15.12 years. Stages of the disease were: stage I: 27.1% patients; stage II: 22.9% patients; stage III: 30.3% patients; stage IV: 16.7% patients; and unknown stage: 3.1% patient as per International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histologic type (84.4%) followed by adenocarcinoma (5.2%), melanoma (4.2%), basal cell carcinoma (3.1%), and others (3.1%). Most of the patients (45.8%) were treated by surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy. About 24.0% of patients were treated primarily by radiotherapy and/or chemo-radiotherapy.\u0000Conclusion: Management of vulvar cancer requires multidisciplinary team approach, which is available only in tertiary care centres. The treatment of vulvar cancer is surgery, radiotherapy, chemo- radiotherapy or a combination therapy. Treatment should be individualised based on lesions location and histological type.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 64-70 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42959792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60653
S. Hossain, Shahrul Rahman, Md Ruhul Amin
Abstract not available Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 1-2
孟加拉国地中海理事会2022年公报;48 (1): 1 - 2
{"title":"Health Workforce: A Critical Challenge in Health System of Bangladesh","authors":"S. Hossain, Shahrul Rahman, Md Ruhul Amin","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60653","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 1-2 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60663
Kaisar Haroon, Tania Taher, Md Shafiul Alam, Md Arif Reza, Md Abdul Quddus Mia, S. S. Hossain
Background: Rasmussen’s encephalitis is a progressive disease with recurrent drug resistant epilepsy, unihemispheric brain atrophy, hemiplegia and cognitive decline. Objectives: This is a disconnection surgery which disconnects the diseased lobe from the normal lobe. This helps in development of the normal cerebral hemisphere and also the child becomes seizure free. Methods: A five year old boy was diagnosed with Rasmussen’s encephalitis. He underwent left sided transsylvian functional hemisherectomy. He had uneventful recovery. Results: Before surgery he had recurrent seizures, frequent drop attacks and right sided hemiplegia and impaired cognition. He used to take three drugs for the control of the seizure. After surgery his mental state had improved, seizures were controlled with only sodium valproate. Patient’s mother was happy that he had no drop attacks and was able to sit and speak. Conclusion: Functional hemispherectomy is a good option for drug resistant seizure in Ramussen’s encephalitis. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 71-75
{"title":"Functional Hemispherotomy in a Patient with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis: A Case Report","authors":"Kaisar Haroon, Tania Taher, Md Shafiul Alam, Md Arif Reza, Md Abdul Quddus Mia, S. S. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60663","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rasmussen’s encephalitis is a progressive disease with recurrent drug resistant epilepsy, unihemispheric brain atrophy, hemiplegia and cognitive decline.\u0000Objectives: This is a disconnection surgery which disconnects the diseased lobe from the normal lobe. This helps in development of the normal cerebral hemisphere and also the child becomes seizure free.\u0000Methods: A five year old boy was diagnosed with Rasmussen’s encephalitis. He underwent left sided transsylvian functional hemisherectomy. He had uneventful recovery.\u0000Results: Before surgery he had recurrent seizures, frequent drop attacks and right sided hemiplegia and impaired cognition. He used to take three drugs for the control of the seizure. After surgery his mental state had improved, seizures were controlled with only sodium valproate. Patient’s mother was happy that he had no drop attacks and was able to sit and speak.\u0000Conclusion: Functional hemispherectomy is a good option for drug resistant seizure in Ramussen’s encephalitis.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 71-75 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45162521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60656
Ayatun Neesa, Md. Tahminur Rahman, Y. Kabir
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. Oxidative stress has long been implicated in cancer development and progression. Objective: To evaluate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in a sample of prostate cancer patients in Bangladesh. Methods: This case-control study included 207 histopathologically confirmed cases of prostate cancer and 200 age-matched healthy controls. After taking informed written consent, preset questioners were filled up, and about 5 ml of venous blood were collected with all aseptic precaution from each study subject for estimation of serum PSA, MDA, GST, SOD and erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH). All data were plotted in SPSS version 23, and different statistical analyses were done. Results: In this study, the mean age of cases was 67.27±8.28 years, and among control, it was 62.17±6.77 years. Oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde was found significantly increased in prostate cancer patients than control. On the other hand, antioxidant erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly reduced, and glutathione S transferase (GST) activity was significantly increased in prostate cancer patients, compared to control group. Conclusion: This study revealed that overall oxidative stress was increased, and antioxidant levels were impaired in prostate cancer patients, which might play an important role in carcinogenesis. So, screening of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in the elderly male in a regular interval is recommended for early detection and proper management to prevent the aetiopathogenesis of prostate cancer. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 21-26
背景:前列腺癌(PCa)是男性癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。氧化应激长期以来一直与癌症的发生和发展有关。目的:评价孟加拉前列腺癌患者的脂质过氧化和抗氧化状态。方法:本病例对照研究包括207例组织病理学确诊的前列腺癌病例和200例年龄匹配的健康对照。在获得知情同意书后，填写预先设定的问卷，并在所有无菌预防措施下采集静脉血约5ml，用于测定血清PSA、MDA、GST、SOD和红细胞还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)。所有数据在SPSS version 23中绘制，并进行不同的统计分析。结果:本组病例平均年龄67.27±8.28岁，对照组平均年龄62.17±6.77岁。氧化应激标志物丙二醛在前列腺癌患者中明显高于对照组。另一方面，前列腺癌患者抗氧化红细胞还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低，谷胱甘肽S转移酶(GST)活性显著升高。结论:前列腺癌患者总体氧化应激升高，抗氧化水平降低，可能在癌变过程中起重要作用。因此，建议定期筛查老年男性的氧化应激和抗氧化状态，以便及早发现和妥善处理，预防前列腺癌的病因发生。孟加拉国地中海理事会2022年公报;(1): 48。第21到26
{"title":"Assessment of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in a Sample of Prostate Cancer Patients in Bangladesh","authors":"Ayatun Neesa, Md. Tahminur Rahman, Y. Kabir","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60656","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. Oxidative stress has long been implicated in cancer development and progression.\u0000Objective: To evaluate the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in a sample of prostate cancer patients in Bangladesh.\u0000Methods: This case-control study included 207 histopathologically confirmed cases of prostate cancer and 200 age-matched healthy controls. After taking informed written consent, preset questioners were filled up, and about 5 ml of venous blood were collected with all aseptic precaution from each study subject for estimation of serum PSA, MDA, GST, SOD and erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH). All data were plotted in SPSS version 23, and different statistical analyses were done.\u0000Results: In this study, the mean age of cases was 67.27±8.28 years, and among control, it was 62.17±6.77 years. Oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde was found significantly increased in prostate cancer patients than control. On the other hand, antioxidant erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly reduced, and glutathione S transferase (GST) activity was significantly increased in prostate cancer patients, compared to control group.\u0000Conclusion: This study revealed that overall oxidative stress was increased, and antioxidant levels were impaired in prostate cancer patients, which might play an important role in carcinogenesis. So, screening of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in the elderly male in a regular interval is recommended for early detection and proper management to prevent the aetiopathogenesis of prostate cancer.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 21-26 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48267389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60664
A. Chowdhury, N. Uddin, M. Khalequzzaman, Mahfuze Sarkar, H. Sina, Abu Taher Md Mahfuzul Haque, A. Haque
Background: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B) are characterised by cardiac dysrhythmias, late-onset cardiomyopathy, slowly progressive skeletal myopathy and contractures of the neck, elbows and ankles. The causative mutation is in lamin A/C gene (autosomal dominant LGMD1B). Objective: To assess the clinical outcome of a patient of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B with heart failure and cardiac conduction defects. The case: We report a case of 47-yr-old male with proximal muscle weakness who presented with repeated exertional dyspnea and repeated presyncope. ECG revealed junctional bradycardia. Echocardiography revealed global wall motion abnormality with EF 48%. EMG showed myopathic pattern. Next genome sequencing showed that the patient has a missense mutation in exon 4 region of LMNA gene (c.G662A/p.Arg221His). Cardiac involvement is very common in this disease which includes AV block, bradycardia, atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and ventricular dysrhythmia causing sudden death. Our patient presented with symptomatic junctional bradycardia which necessitates implantation of permanent pacemaker. Conclusion: Cardiologists should be aware of these unusual genetic diseases with conduction defects, especially in young adults. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 76-80
{"title":"A Patient of Limb-girdle Muscular Dystrophy Type 1B Presenting with Heart Failure and Cardiac Conduction Defects: A Case Report","authors":"A. Chowdhury, N. Uddin, M. Khalequzzaman, Mahfuze Sarkar, H. Sina, Abu Taher Md Mahfuzul Haque, A. Haque","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60664","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B) are characterised by cardiac dysrhythmias, late-onset cardiomyopathy, slowly progressive skeletal myopathy and contractures of the neck, elbows and ankles. The causative mutation is in lamin A/C gene (autosomal dominant LGMD1B).\u0000Objective: To assess the clinical outcome of a patient of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B with heart failure and cardiac conduction defects.\u0000The case: We report a case of 47-yr-old male with proximal muscle weakness who presented with repeated exertional dyspnea and repeated presyncope. ECG revealed junctional bradycardia. Echocardiography revealed global wall motion abnormality with EF 48%. EMG showed myopathic pattern. Next genome sequencing showed that the patient has a missense mutation in exon 4 region of LMNA gene (c.G662A/p.Arg221His). Cardiac involvement is very common in this disease which includes AV block, bradycardia, atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and ventricular dysrhythmia causing sudden death. Our patient presented with symptomatic junctional bradycardia which necessitates implantation of permanent pacemaker.\u0000Conclusion: Cardiologists should be aware of these unusual genetic diseases with conduction defects, especially in young adults.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 76-80 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41361184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60654
N. Tanni, Sharmeen Ahmed, S. Anwar, Saifa Kismat, M. M. Rahman, Mohammad Abdur Rahim Miah
Background: Early detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is essential for its treatment. Resistance to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole has been on the increase in many countries. Phenotypic resistance is correlated with treatment failure. So, there is an urgent need to explore sensitivity of other antibiotics, such as levofloxacin to combat H. pylori infection. Objective: The study was aimed to detect H. pylori from gastric biopsy samples and its susceptibility profile to commonly used antimicrobial drugs. Methods: Gastroduodenal biopsy specimens were collected from 143 adult dyspeptic patients during March 2018-February, 2019, who attended the outpatient department of gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), for endoscopy. H. pylori was identified by rapid urease test (RUT), ureC gene PCR, histological staining (Giemsa) and culture. From culture isolates antimicrobial susceptibility of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin and metronidazole were detected by disk diffusion method. Results: The highest rate of H. pylori infection was found in the age group between 41-50 years (25.5%). According to case definition, H. pylori positive cases were 47 (32.9%) and H. pylori negative cases were 96 (67.1%). Thirty five H. pylori positive samples were subjected to culture and only 10 (28.6%) were positive. Among 10 culture positive H. pylori isolates, clarithromycin exhibited 20% resistance, levofloxacin 30%, metronidazole 30% and no resistance found to amoxicillin. Conclusion: PCR based assays can be an alternative rapid approach for the detection of H. pylori. In this study, levofloxacin showed high resistance, a further larger study is required to confirm this finding. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 3-9
{"title":"Detection of Helicobacter pylori and its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern from Gastric Biopsy Specimens","authors":"N. Tanni, Sharmeen Ahmed, S. Anwar, Saifa Kismat, M. M. Rahman, Mohammad Abdur Rahim Miah","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60654","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is essential for its treatment. Resistance to amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole has been on the increase in many countries. Phenotypic resistance is correlated with treatment failure. So, there is an urgent need to explore sensitivity of other antibiotics, such as levofloxacin to combat H. pylori infection.\u0000Objective: The study was aimed to detect H. pylori from gastric biopsy samples and its susceptibility profile to commonly used antimicrobial drugs.\u0000Methods: Gastroduodenal biopsy specimens were collected from 143 adult dyspeptic patients during March 2018-February, 2019, who attended the outpatient department of gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), for endoscopy. H. pylori was identified by rapid urease test (RUT), ureC gene PCR, histological staining (Giemsa) and culture. From culture isolates antimicrobial susceptibility of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, amoxicillin and metronidazole were detected by disk diffusion method.\u0000Results: The highest rate of H. pylori infection was found in the age group between 41-50 years (25.5%). According to case definition, H. pylori positive cases were 47 (32.9%) and H. pylori negative cases were 96 (67.1%). Thirty five H. pylori positive samples were subjected to culture and only 10 (28.6%) were positive. Among 10 culture positive H. pylori isolates, clarithromycin exhibited 20% resistance, levofloxacin 30%, metronidazole 30% and no resistance found to amoxicillin.\u0000Conclusion: PCR based assays can be an alternative rapid approach for the detection of H. pylori. In this study, levofloxacin showed high resistance, a further larger study is required to confirm this finding.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 3-9 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41850112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60657
F. Islam, Chowdhury Shamima Sultana
Background: Cervical cancer-a preventable disease, is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among women of developing countries. Paps smear is the gold standard screening method worldwide. But a low-cost test, visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid (VIA) has been emerged as an alternative for use in lowresource settings. VIA is simple and easy to perform by auxiliary health professionals. Colposcopy is an essential procedure in the evaluation of screen positive cervix though it requires considerable training and experience. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the VIA positive cases by colposcopy, colposcopy guided biopsy and histopathological examination. Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study conducted among 100 VIA positive cases attended at GOPD of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2014 to December 2014. Colposcopy was performed in all VIA positive cases. Subsequent biopsy and histopathological examinations were done for those with colposcopic abnormal findings. Results: The mean age of the study population was 37.9±9.3 years. Among VIA positive cases 66.0% had complaints of whitish vaginal discharge. Among the study population, colposcopically 46.0% had healthy cervix (normal) and 54.0% had abnormal findings. Colposcopy guided biopsy was taken from those with abnormal findings. Histopathological findings were normal in 38.9% cases, chronic cervicitis in 20.37% cases, squamous cell metaplasia in 3.7% cases, CIN I in 16.7%, CIN II in11.11%, CIN III in 5.6% and 3.7% cases were carcinoma cervix. True positive value was 20, false positive value 34 and positive predictive value of colposcopy was 37.03%. Conclusion: This study concluded that VIA is effective in detection of CIN and invasive carcinoma of cervix. It also suggests the role of colposcopy in the evaluation of CIN and other cervical diseases in screen positive cases. VIA can be used as a screening tool in low and middle income countries like Bangladesh, not only in rural areas and small health centres, but also in hospitals, cancer institutes, and other health facilities with better resources. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 27-32
背景：宫颈癌是一种可预防的疾病，是发展中国家妇女中第二常见的癌症。巴氏涂片是全世界筛查的金标准方法。但是，一种低成本的检测方法，醋酸宫颈目视检查（VIA）已经成为低资源环境中使用的替代方法。VIA简单易用，由辅助卫生专业人员执行。阴道镜检查是评估筛查阳性宫颈的一项重要程序，尽管它需要大量的培训和经验。目的：本研究旨在通过阴道镜检查、阴道镜引导下活检和组织病理学检查来评估VIA阳性病例。方法：这是一项横断面观察性研究，对2014年7月至2014年12月在达卡医学院医院GOPD就诊的100例VIA阳性病例进行了调查。所有VIA阳性病例均进行阴道镜检查。随后对阴道镜检查异常的患者进行了活检和组织病理学检查。结果：研究人群的平均年龄为37.9±9.3岁。在VIA阳性病例中，66.0%的患者抱怨阴道分泌物呈白色。在研究人群中，经阴道镜检查，46.0%的宫颈健康（正常），54.0%的宫颈异常。阴道镜引导下的活检取自那些有异常发现的患者。宫颈癌的组织病理学表现正常者38.9%，慢性宫颈炎20.37%，鳞状细胞化生3.7%，CIN I 16.7%，CIN II 11.11%，CIN III 5.6%和3.7%。假阳性34例，阴道镜阳性预测值37.03%。它还提示阴道镜在筛查阳性病例中评估CIN和其他宫颈疾病中的作用。VIA可以在孟加拉国等中低收入国家作为筛查工具，不仅在农村地区和小型医疗中心，也可以在医院、癌症研究所和其他资源更好的医疗机构使用。2022年孟加拉医学研究会；48（1）：27-32
{"title":"Colposcopic Findings for Detecting Pre-invasive Lesion of Cervix Among Visually Inspected Acetic Acid Positive Cases","authors":"F. Islam, Chowdhury Shamima Sultana","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i1.60657","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical cancer-a preventable disease, is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among women of developing countries. Paps smear is the gold standard screening method worldwide. But a low-cost test, visual inspection of cervix with acetic acid (VIA) has been emerged as an alternative for use in lowresource settings. VIA is simple and easy to perform by auxiliary health professionals. Colposcopy is an essential procedure in the evaluation of screen positive cervix though it requires considerable training and experience. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the VIA positive cases by colposcopy, colposcopy guided biopsy and histopathological examination.\u0000Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study conducted among 100 VIA positive cases attended at GOPD of Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2014 to December 2014. Colposcopy was performed in all VIA positive cases. Subsequent biopsy and histopathological examinations were done for those with colposcopic abnormal findings.\u0000Results: The mean age of the study population was 37.9±9.3 years. Among VIA positive cases 66.0% had complaints of whitish vaginal discharge. Among the study population, colposcopically 46.0% had healthy cervix (normal) and 54.0% had abnormal findings. Colposcopy guided biopsy was taken from those with abnormal findings. Histopathological findings were normal in 38.9% cases, chronic cervicitis in 20.37% cases, squamous cell metaplasia in 3.7% cases, CIN I in 16.7%, CIN II in11.11%, CIN III in 5.6% and 3.7% cases were carcinoma cervix. True positive value was 20, false positive value 34 and positive predictive value of colposcopy was 37.03%.\u0000Conclusion: This study concluded that VIA is effective in detection of CIN and invasive carcinoma of cervix. It also suggests the role of colposcopy in the evaluation of CIN and other cervical diseases in screen positive cases. VIA can be used as a screening tool in low and middle income countries like Bangladesh, not only in rural areas and small health centres, but also in hospitals, cancer institutes, and other health facilities with better resources.\u0000Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(1): 27-32 ","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48579427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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