Pub Date : 2019-01-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1649
Mohammad Almasi, M. Esmaili
Background: Research shows that prostate cancer ranks second among the top five most common cancers in men. It has been confirmed that when circulating Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) transcripts are successfully detected, prostate cancer cells can be diagnosed at an early stage. A reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed and compared to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of PSA. Methods: 47 patients, including 30 patients with prostate cancer, 15 with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and 2 healthy subjects as negative controls were included in this study. The prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and LNCaP) of two patients were included in the study as positive controls. Next, RNA was extracted from fresh samples and a first strand cDNA synthesis kit was applied for the synthesis of cDNA. The human prostate specific antigen gene was used to design specific primers. Results: The results indicated that the control subjects and participants suffering from BPH were not positive. 13 out of 15 (86.6%) patients suffering from localized cancer were PSA positive. PSA positive results were observed among all 15 metastatic patients and positive controls (100%). RT-LAMP is an advantageous method because it is highly sensitive (1000-fold), quite cheap, user-friendly, and safe; in addition, it can be quickly performed by visual detection using GineFinderTM dye in a water bath. Conclusion: RT-LAMP technique can be simply and reliably applied with the aid of basic instruments, and its results can be visually inspected in laboratory studies.
{"title":"Comparison of Reverse Transcriptase Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Prostate Specific Antigen","authors":"Mohammad Almasi, M. Esmaili","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research shows that prostate cancer ranks second among the top five most common cancers in men. It has been confirmed that when circulating Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) transcripts are successfully detected, prostate cancer cells can be diagnosed at an early stage. A reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay was developed and compared to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for detection of PSA. Methods: 47 patients, including 30 patients with prostate cancer, 15 with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) and 2 healthy subjects as negative controls were included in this study. The prostate cancer cell lines (PC3 and LNCaP) of two patients were included in the study as positive controls. Next, RNA was extracted from fresh samples and a first strand cDNA synthesis kit was applied for the synthesis of cDNA. The human prostate specific antigen gene was used to design specific primers. Results: The results indicated that the control subjects and participants suffering from BPH were not positive. 13 out of 15 (86.6%) patients suffering from localized cancer were PSA positive. PSA positive results were observed among all 15 metastatic patients and positive controls (100%). RT-LAMP is an advantageous method because it is highly sensitive (1000-fold), quite cheap, user-friendly, and safe; in addition, it can be quickly performed by visual detection using GineFinderTM dye in a water bath. Conclusion: RT-LAMP technique can be simply and reliably applied with the aid of basic instruments, and its results can be visually inspected in laboratory studies.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79505020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-06DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1648
Fariba Karimian, M. Sahmani, Amirhosein Maali, T. Farivar, A. Karimi, M. Azad
Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common malignancy among men, accounting for 12.5% of all cancers. The development of molecular studies (such as RNA expression analysis) aids the characterization of this cancer, the development of new targets for therapy, and the introduction of novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have confirmed Mammalian Sterile 20-Like kinase (MST1) as a tumor suppressor gene, which has been introduced as a biomarker for some specific cancers. In this study, we focus on MST1 expression levels in the WBC of PC patients, due to the inheritance pattern of PC. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in two groups (20 patients with PC and 20 healthy individuals). After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, quantitative Real-Time PCR was done in order to determine the MST1 expression level. GAPDH was selected as an internal control gene. Statistical analysis was performed using “Rotor-Gene Q series software 2.3.1” and “Rest 2.0.13 software”. Results: This study, carried out on 20 PC patients aged 50-70 and 20 healthy individuals shows that MST1 expression level in the WBC samples of PC patients is approximately 62% lower compared to normal individuals (P<0.01). Conclusion: Introducing the reduced expression level of MST1 as a prostate cancer biomarker requires complementary research. However, in this study, biomarker validation and potential of MST1 has been approved.
{"title":"Reduced Expression Levels of the MST1 gene in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Prostate Cancer","authors":"Fariba Karimian, M. Sahmani, Amirhosein Maali, T. Farivar, A. Karimi, M. Azad","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1648","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common malignancy among men, accounting for 12.5% of all cancers. The development of molecular studies (such as RNA expression analysis) aids the characterization of this cancer, the development of new targets for therapy, and the introduction of novel prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Recent studies have confirmed Mammalian Sterile 20-Like kinase (MST1) as a tumor suppressor gene, which has been introduced as a biomarker for some specific cancers. In this study, we focus on MST1 expression levels in the WBC of PC patients, due to the inheritance pattern of PC. Methods: This case-control study was conducted in two groups (20 patients with PC and 20 healthy individuals). After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, quantitative Real-Time PCR was done in order to determine the MST1 expression level. GAPDH was selected as an internal control gene. Statistical analysis was performed using “Rotor-Gene Q series software 2.3.1” and “Rest 2.0.13 software”. Results: This study, carried out on 20 PC patients aged 50-70 and 20 healthy individuals shows that MST1 expression level in the WBC samples of PC patients is approximately 62% lower compared to normal individuals (P<0.01). Conclusion: Introducing the reduced expression level of MST1 as a prostate cancer biomarker requires complementary research. However, in this study, biomarker validation and potential of MST1 has been approved.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90805082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1646
Nassim Faridi, H. Heidarzadeh, M. Mohagheghi, S. Z. Bathaie
Background: Saffron carotenoids have been known as powerful phytochemicals in breast cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer properties of an important saffron carotenoid, crocin, on BT-474 which is a known HER2+ breast cancer cell line. Methods: The effect of crocin on cell viability was investigated using MTT assay. Apoptosis induction was studied via flow cytometry and Western blotting of caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-9. Involvement of unfolded protein response (UPR) was also investigated via RT-PCR study of the XBP1 gene. Results: The results showed that crocin treatment decreases the viability of BT-474 cells and induces early and late apoptosis in these cells. The mechanism of crocin action was through the induction of caspase-9 expression and cleavage. Furthermore, we found that crocin induced XBP1 gene splicing in these cells. Conclusion: The present study provides important evidence that crocin induces apoptosis in BT-474 cells. In addition, the activation of UPR may play a role in the anticancer effects of crocin.
{"title":"BT-474 Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis Induced by Crocin, a Saffron Carotenoid","authors":"Nassim Faridi, H. Heidarzadeh, M. Mohagheghi, S. Z. Bathaie","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1646","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Saffron carotenoids have been known as powerful phytochemicals in breast cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer properties of an important saffron carotenoid, crocin, on BT-474 which is a known HER2+ breast cancer cell line. Methods: The effect of crocin on cell viability was investigated using MTT assay. Apoptosis induction was studied via flow cytometry and Western blotting of caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-9. Involvement of unfolded protein response (UPR) was also investigated via RT-PCR study of the XBP1 gene. Results: The results showed that crocin treatment decreases the viability of BT-474 cells and induces early and late apoptosis in these cells. The mechanism of crocin action was through the induction of caspase-9 expression and cleavage. Furthermore, we found that crocin induced XBP1 gene splicing in these cells. Conclusion: The present study provides important evidence that crocin induces apoptosis in BT-474 cells. In addition, the activation of UPR may play a role in the anticancer effects of crocin.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86905901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1653
Zahra Zahedi-Tabar, S. Bagheri‐Khoulenjani, S. Amanpour, H. Mirzadeh
Hyperthermia is a novel method for cancer therapy. To have the best control when heating tissues in hyperthermia, the use of magnetic nanoparticles is suggested. The local control of heat is very important in this technique, to prevent the damage of healthy tissues around the tumor, and therefore it is necessary to measure changes in temperature to determine the optimum conditions in which hyperthermia can create the desired results. The type and concentration of nanoparticles and nanoparticle distribution within the cancerous tissue are key factors affecting temperature distribution throughout the hyperthermia process. One of the main factors influencing nanoparticle distribution is the characteristics of the diffusion media, such as chemical composition, morphological and mechanical features, all of which affect the diffusion of nanoparticles at the cancer site. In this review, the most common in vitro and in vivo media and their influence on the results of hyperthermia are discussed. We also mention in silico as a computational model. Buffer solutions, cell cultures, microfluids, dead tissues and animal models are some of the in vitro media that are discussed in this review paper. In addition, some of the animal models used for hyperthermia will be mentioned.
{"title":"A Review on the Application of In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Cancerous Tumors for the Study of the Hyperthermia Effect","authors":"Zahra Zahedi-Tabar, S. Bagheri‐Khoulenjani, S. Amanpour, H. Mirzadeh","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1653","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperthermia is a novel method for cancer therapy. To have the best control when heating tissues in hyperthermia, the use of magnetic nanoparticles is suggested. The local control of heat is very important in this technique, to prevent the damage of healthy tissues around the tumor, and therefore it is necessary to measure changes in temperature to determine the optimum conditions in which hyperthermia can create the desired results. The type and concentration of nanoparticles and nanoparticle distribution within the cancerous tissue are key factors affecting temperature distribution throughout the hyperthermia process. One of the main factors influencing nanoparticle distribution is the characteristics of the diffusion media, such as chemical composition, morphological and mechanical features, all of which affect the diffusion of nanoparticles at the cancer site. In this review, the most common in vitro and in vivo media and their influence on the results of hyperthermia are discussed. We also mention in silico as a computational model. Buffer solutions, cell cultures, microfluids, dead tissues and animal models are some of the in vitro media that are discussed in this review paper. In addition, some of the animal models used for hyperthermia will be mentioned.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73090744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1652
Hossein Gandomkar, M. S. Seyyedsalehi, K. Zendehdel, Abolfazl Salari, Mohammad Shirkhoda
Evidence shows that there has been an increasing incidence of melanoma cancer in Iran, especially among the young population, which has led to increased mortality, disability and disablement, mostly due to the complications of disease and treatment. New treatments such as targeted therapy are extremely costly, and their results are not clear. The objective of this study is to review different current guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma cancer and discuss the differences in the various phases of patient assessment (prevention, risk factors, genetic assessment, clinical diagnosis, biopsy, staging, treatment and follow-up, pediatric melanoma, melanoma during pregnancy, and the necessity of social and mental support for melanoma patients). Then, based on the results, we will prepare a national guideline for the management of cutaneous melanoma in accordance with the prevailing conditions in Iran.
{"title":"Comparison of Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of Cutaneous Melanoma (Literature Review)","authors":"Hossein Gandomkar, M. S. Seyyedsalehi, K. Zendehdel, Abolfazl Salari, Mohammad Shirkhoda","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1652","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence shows that there has been an increasing incidence of melanoma cancer in Iran, especially among the young population, which has led to increased mortality, disability and disablement, mostly due to the complications of disease and treatment. New treatments such as targeted therapy are extremely costly, and their results are not clear. The objective of this study is to review different current guidelines for the management of cutaneous melanoma cancer and discuss the differences in the various phases of patient assessment (prevention, risk factors, genetic assessment, clinical diagnosis, biopsy, staging, treatment and follow-up, pediatric melanoma, melanoma during pregnancy, and the necessity of social and mental support for melanoma patients). Then, based on the results, we will prepare a national guideline for the management of cutaneous melanoma in accordance with the prevailing conditions in Iran.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78890122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1645
K. Zendehdel
The article's abstract is no available.
这篇文章的摘要找不到。
{"title":"Cancer Statistics in I.R. Iran in 2018","authors":"K. Zendehdel","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1645","url":null,"abstract":"The article's abstract is no available.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73969168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-02DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1647
E. Ebrahimi, R. Shirkoohi, M. Abiri, S. Sabeghi, Kiyana sadat Fatemi, S. Bagheri, S. Zeinali, S. Amanpour
Background: Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) has recently been introduced as a reproductive choice for individuals who carry a disease-causing BRCA1/2 mutation. Since this technology has not yet been launched for patients at the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital harboring gene mutations that predispose patients to breast cancer, this study aimed to introduce a PGD-based model using a single cell lymphocyte instead of an embryonic blastomere. Methods: Two affected and unrelated women with a known mutation in BRCA1/2 were enrolled in this study. Each patient (together with her siblings) was considered as an embryo derived from a hypothetical couple. Blood samples were collected from these individuals as well as their parents. Linkage analysis was performed. Following this process, a mutation-free individual and a mutation carrier was selected from the first and second family, respectively. A single lymphocyte was then extracted from their freshly taken peripheral blood, and afterwards Nested Multiplex PCR was performed. Results: PGD confirmed that the individual from the first family is free of a mutation and the second one is a pathogenic mutation carrier. Conclusion: Our results suggested that PGD is a viable choice to offer to families with "Hereditary Breast Cancer Syndrome", who have been diagnosed with a known pathogenic mutation. Our introduced model can be used as a possible option by other laboratories that are planning to launch this technology.
{"title":"A Proposed Model to Establish the PGD Technique for Carriers of BRCA1/2 Gene Mutations in a Diagnostic Laboratory","authors":"E. Ebrahimi, R. Shirkoohi, M. Abiri, S. Sabeghi, Kiyana sadat Fatemi, S. Bagheri, S. Zeinali, S. Amanpour","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I1.1647","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) has recently been introduced as a reproductive choice for individuals who carry a disease-causing BRCA1/2 mutation. Since this technology has not yet been launched for patients at the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital harboring gene mutations that predispose patients to breast cancer, this study aimed to introduce a PGD-based model using a single cell lymphocyte instead of an embryonic blastomere. Methods: Two affected and unrelated women with a known mutation in BRCA1/2 were enrolled in this study. Each patient (together with her siblings) was considered as an embryo derived from a hypothetical couple. Blood samples were collected from these individuals as well as their parents. Linkage analysis was performed. Following this process, a mutation-free individual and a mutation carrier was selected from the first and second family, respectively. A single lymphocyte was then extracted from their freshly taken peripheral blood, and afterwards Nested Multiplex PCR was performed. Results: PGD confirmed that the individual from the first family is free of a mutation and the second one is a pathogenic mutation carrier. Conclusion: Our results suggested that PGD is a viable choice to offer to families with \"Hereditary Breast Cancer Syndrome\", who have been diagnosed with a known pathogenic mutation. Our introduced model can be used as a possible option by other laboratories that are planning to launch this technology.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78608689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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