Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5727
E. Shahverdi, M. Shahriari, S. Zare, M. Rahiminejad, F. Soleimani, M. Maki, Rojen Manouchehri, Mourad Haj Abdo
Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the blood cancers responsible for 80% of children’s leukemia and is also the most common malignancy in patients aged under 14 years (frequency of 23% among all types of cancers). Regarding the importance of identifying clinical symptoms to diagnose the disease in the early stages, this study is conducted to investigate the symptoms at diagnosis in ALL children. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 350 patients aged under 14, referring to four hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences as reference hospitals in Southern Iran, participated between 2013 and 2019. Their information was collected using patients’ records, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version16. Results: Based on the findings of this study, the first clinical manifestations of the disease happened suddenly and acute, occurring within a few days to a maximum of 6 weeks before diagnosis. Fever (70%) and hepatomegaly (60%) were the most common signs and symptoms in patients. However, a significant percentage of ALL patients referred with non-specific symptoms. Conclusion:The results of this study indicate the importance of recognizing common and unusual signs and symptoms based on a complete and thorough history taking and accurate physical examination as well as rare symptoms that may be ignored or misdiagnosed by physicians. The knowledge of common signs and symptoms results in early diagnosis of the disease in early stages.
{"title":"Common Presenting Signs and Symptoms in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","authors":"E. Shahverdi, M. Shahriari, S. Zare, M. Rahiminejad, F. Soleimani, M. Maki, Rojen Manouchehri, Mourad Haj Abdo","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5727","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the blood cancers responsible for 80% of children’s leukemia and is also the most common malignancy in patients aged under 14 years (frequency of 23% among all types of cancers). Regarding the importance of identifying clinical symptoms to diagnose the disease in the early stages, this study is conducted to investigate the symptoms at diagnosis in ALL children. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 350 patients aged under 14, referring to four hospitals of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences as reference hospitals in Southern Iran, participated between 2013 and 2019. Their information was collected using patients’ records, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version16. Results: Based on the findings of this study, the first clinical manifestations of the disease happened suddenly and acute, occurring within a few days to a maximum of 6 weeks before diagnosis. Fever (70%) and hepatomegaly (60%) were the most common signs and symptoms in patients. However, a significant percentage of ALL patients referred with non-specific symptoms. Conclusion:The results of this study indicate the importance of recognizing common and unusual signs and symptoms based on a complete and thorough history taking and accurate physical examination as well as rare symptoms that may be ignored or misdiagnosed by physicians. The knowledge of common signs and symptoms results in early diagnosis of the disease in early stages.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76914514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5717
Fariba Zarani, L. Panaghi, Seddighe Mirzaei, Sanaz Helmi
Background: Studies have shown that cancer creates a variety of problems and issues for children with cancer. It creates unique challenges for both the patients and their families. Despite the severe stress associated with these problems, most children are able to adequately cope with and adapt to cancer. However, some of the patients experience more severe or prolonged problems that require psychological support. The present study investigated the needs and coping strategies of Iranian children aged 9 to 13 with cancer. The goal was to determine the needs, concerns and coping strategies in children after being diagnosed with cancer. Methods: For this purpose, 12 children aged 9-13 with cancer as well as their mothers were selected from among children admitted to Mofid hospital. Patient selection was conducted in a purposeful sampling method. Data was collected in an in-depth semi-structured interview with the child and their mother and then analyzed using content analysis method. Results: The content analysis of individual interviews with the child and mother showed that the main concerns of these children were related to the hospital space, support, society, family and educational needs, which were responded to by five distinct types of coping. These coping methods include spiritual coping, admission of support and assistance, visiting relatives (on a regular basis) in a positive manner and negative behaviors such as active and passive aggression and avoiding presence in the community and society. The findings of this study indicate that Iranian children with cancer have special needs some of which have mental and emotional aspects, including worry about being a burden on their families, and they use different coping strategies to cope with their condition. One of the most important means of coping with cancer are family and relatives. Conclusion: Treatment centers should address these factors in order to improve the mental and physical health of their patients.
{"title":"Identification of Psycho-Social Needs and Coping Strategies in Children with Cancer","authors":"Fariba Zarani, L. Panaghi, Seddighe Mirzaei, Sanaz Helmi","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5717","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Studies have shown that cancer creates a variety of problems and issues for children with cancer. It creates unique challenges for both the patients and their families. Despite the severe stress associated with these problems, most children are able to adequately cope with and adapt to cancer. However, some of the patients experience more severe or prolonged problems that require psychological support. The present study investigated the needs and coping strategies of Iranian children aged 9 to 13 with cancer. The goal was to determine the needs, concerns and coping strategies in children after being diagnosed with cancer. \u0000Methods: For this purpose, 12 children aged 9-13 with cancer as well as their mothers were selected from among children admitted to Mofid hospital. Patient selection was conducted in a purposeful sampling method. Data was collected in an in-depth semi-structured interview with the child and their mother and then analyzed using content analysis method. \u0000Results: The content analysis of individual interviews with the child and mother showed that the main concerns of these children were related to the hospital space, support, society, family and educational needs, which were responded to by five distinct types of coping. These coping methods include spiritual coping, admission of support and assistance, visiting relatives (on a regular basis) in a positive manner and negative behaviors such as active and passive aggression and avoiding presence in the community and society. The findings of this study indicate that Iranian children with cancer have special needs some of which have mental and emotional aspects, including worry about being a burden on their families, and they use different coping strategies to cope with their condition. One of the most important means of coping with cancer are family and relatives. \u0000Conclusion: Treatment centers should address these factors in order to improve the mental and physical health of their patients.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82012555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5724
N. Ghanbari, M. Narimani
Background: Preoperative psychological distress, including anxiety, stress, and depression, is an important issue in psychological pathology. It is of double importance among vulnerable groups such as patients with incurable chronic diseases (such as breast cancer) and simple diseases (such as cholecystitis). We assessed the development of anxiety and stress symptoms in two groups undergoing surgery; breast cancer patients and patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Methods: In a causal-comparative study, 30 participants were selected consecutively from a list of candidates for mastectomy and were compared with 30 patients undergoing cholecystectomy in terms of psychological distress. All samples completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Results: Our results showed that the average scores of stress (P < .000F=1/71), anxiety (P< .000F=117/556), and depression (P < .000F=3/41) were higher in patients with breast cancer surgery (mastectomy) than in those undergoing cholecystectomy surgery. Conclusion: Patients themselves have significant effects on the level of their stress. So, in this study, we attempted to examine the effects of stress and anxiety on people before surgery.
{"title":"Psychological Distress in Candidates for Surgery: a Comparative Study Between Patients with Chronic and Acute Diseases","authors":"N. Ghanbari, M. Narimani","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5724","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preoperative psychological distress, including anxiety, stress, and depression, is an important issue in psychological pathology. It is of double importance among vulnerable groups such as patients with incurable chronic diseases (such as breast cancer) and simple diseases (such as cholecystitis). We assessed the development of anxiety and stress symptoms in two groups undergoing surgery; breast cancer patients and patients undergoing cholecystectomy. Methods: In a causal-comparative study, 30 participants were selected consecutively from a list of candidates for mastectomy and were compared with 30 patients undergoing cholecystectomy in terms of psychological distress. All samples completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21). Results: Our results showed that the average scores of stress (P < .000F=1/71), anxiety (P< .000F=117/556), and depression (P < .000F=3/41) were higher in patients with breast cancer surgery (mastectomy) than in those undergoing cholecystectomy surgery. Conclusion: Patients themselves have significant effects on the level of their stress. So, in this study, we attempted to examine the effects of stress and anxiety on people before surgery.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84157784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5719
Siavash Mashhouri, E. Yarahmadi, S. M. A. Froushani
Background: The potential of Candida albicans to modulate antigen-presenting cells maturation has been documented in past studies. Dendritic cells are critical modulators in the orchestration of adaptive immune responses alongside myeloid subtypes, which play an important role in the presentation of antigens to T cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of splenocytes activated with the extract of heated 4T1 cells and the yeast form of C. albicans against breast cancer growth in vivo . Methods: 4T1 cells were subcutaneously injected into the left flanks of female BALB/c mice (n=40). At a time when palpable tumors had developed, experimental groups were immunized twice at one-week interim with either activated splenocytes with the extract of heated 4T1 or the killed preparation of yeast form of C. albicans or a combination of the two-One week after the second injection, one-half of animals (n=20) were euthanized to investigate the immune response profile. Results: Administration of activated splenocytes with the combination protocol caused a favorable survival curve and slower rates of tumor development compared to other tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, combination therapy significantly increased the secretion of IFN-γ, respiratory burst and nitric oxide production and conversely diminished the secretion of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β in the splenocyte population. Conclusion: Since the murine 4T1 cell line is similar to the final stage of human breast carcinoma, we postulate that activated splenocytes with the extract of heated 4T1 cells and yeast form of C. albicans can reduce tumor development in tumor-bearing mice.
{"title":"Candida Albicans Activated Splenocytes Promote Strong Immune Responses in a Murine Model of Breast Cancer","authors":"Siavash Mashhouri, E. Yarahmadi, S. M. A. Froushani","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5719","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The potential of Candida albicans to modulate antigen-presenting cells maturation has been documented in past studies. Dendritic cells are critical modulators in the orchestration of adaptive immune responses alongside myeloid subtypes, which play an important role in the presentation of antigens to T cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of splenocytes activated with the extract of heated 4T1 cells and the yeast form of C. albicans against breast cancer growth in vivo . Methods: 4T1 cells were subcutaneously injected into the left flanks of female BALB/c mice (n=40). At a time when palpable tumors had developed, experimental groups were immunized twice at one-week interim with either activated splenocytes with the extract of heated 4T1 or the killed preparation of yeast form of C. albicans or a combination of the two-One week after the second injection, one-half of animals (n=20) were euthanized to investigate the immune response profile. Results: Administration of activated splenocytes with the combination protocol caused a favorable survival curve and slower rates of tumor development compared to other tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, combination therapy significantly increased the secretion of IFN-γ, respiratory burst and nitric oxide production and conversely diminished the secretion of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β in the splenocyte population. Conclusion: Since the murine 4T1 cell line is similar to the final stage of human breast carcinoma, we postulate that activated splenocytes with the extract of heated 4T1 cells and yeast form of C. albicans can reduce tumor development in tumor-bearing mice.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79059385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5721
K. Zendehdel
The article's abstract is not available.
这篇文章的摘要没有。
{"title":"Water pipe Smoking and Genital Wart: Call for Epidemiological Research","authors":"K. Zendehdel","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I3.5721","url":null,"abstract":"The article's abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80495054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5723
Saeed Nemati, A. Rafei, H. Mehrtash, N. Freedman, A. Fotouhi, K. Zendehdel
Background: To assess the association between socioeconomic inequality and the prevalence of tobacco smoking among Iranian adults in 2010. Methods: Data from the fifth national STEPS survey (WHO STEPwise approach to NCD Surveillance) were analyzed. A Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method was applied to assess the association between socioeconomic inequality and the prevalence of daily cigarette and water pipe (WP) smoking among Iranian men and women. Results: From 10,615 participants in the survey, 4,203 (39.5%) participants appeared to be in the first and fifth quintiles of socioeconomic status (SES). For men, the prevalence of daily cigarette smoking was higher among those with low SES (23.1%) than those with high SES (11.1%) (P<0.001). The observed difference was mainly attributed to the educational level (8.6%). We found no significant difference in high compared to low SES women for cigarette smoking (P value= 0.881). Although there was no difference between high and low SES men for daily WP smoking, low SES women had a higher prevalence of WP smoking (4.4%) than high SES women (1.3%) (P value=0.027). Education level was the major factor (3.3%) to explain the corresponding difference. The difference in WP smoking in high and low SES men was not statistically significant (P value= 0.199). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking in men and WP smoking in women are associated with SES in Iran. Education was the main factor explaining the differences in the prevalence of cigarette and WP smoking in Iranian men and women. Results from this study must be considered as a pivotal basis for designing a tobacco control program at national and sub-national levels.
{"title":"Socioeconomic inequality in prevalence of cigarette and Water-pipe smoking among Iranian adults: A blinder- Oaxaca decomposition Analysis","authors":"Saeed Nemati, A. Rafei, H. Mehrtash, N. Freedman, A. Fotouhi, K. Zendehdel","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5723","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To assess the association between socioeconomic inequality and the prevalence of tobacco smoking among Iranian adults in 2010. Methods: Data from the fifth national STEPS survey (WHO STEPwise approach to NCD Surveillance) were analyzed. A Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method was applied to assess the association between socioeconomic inequality and the prevalence of daily cigarette and water pipe (WP) smoking among Iranian men and women. Results: From 10,615 participants in the survey, 4,203 (39.5%) participants appeared to be in the first and fifth quintiles of socioeconomic status (SES). For men, the prevalence of daily cigarette smoking was higher among those with low SES (23.1%) than those with high SES (11.1%) (P<0.001). The observed difference was mainly attributed to the educational level (8.6%). We found no significant difference in high compared to low SES women for cigarette smoking (P value= 0.881). Although there was no difference between high and low SES men for daily WP smoking, low SES women had a higher prevalence of WP smoking (4.4%) than high SES women (1.3%) (P value=0.027). Education level was the major factor (3.3%) to explain the corresponding difference. The difference in WP smoking in high and low SES men was not statistically significant (P value= 0.199). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking in men and WP smoking in women are associated with SES in Iran. Education was the main factor explaining the differences in the prevalence of cigarette and WP smoking in Iranian men and women. Results from this study must be considered as a pivotal basis for designing a tobacco control program at national and sub-national levels.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80444462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5733
Behrooz Talaei, Mohammad Panji, Fatemeh Zahra Nazari Robati, Sajjad Tezerji
Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of death globally, and the second most common cancer in Europe. About 8% of all cancer-related deaths occur due to colorectal cancer, and the highest prevalence has been reported in Asia and Eastern Europe. Methods: In this experimental study, 80 rats were divided into two groups of cases (n=70) and controls (n=10). Colorectal cancer was induced weekly in rats by subcutaneous injection of 15 mg/kg Azoxymethane. The rats were then divided into 7 experimental subgroups of patients, saline, quercetin, intermittent exercise, continuous exercise, quercetin plus intermittent, and quercetin plus continuous exercise. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the rats’ heart tissue by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA by SPSS software. Results: Oxidative stress in heart cells increased due to colorectal cancer. Quercetin alone or in combination with exercise significantly increased mean levels of CAT and SOD in the heart tissue of rats compared with patient and saline groups (P<0.0001). In contrast, the MDA level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Colorectal cancer increased the oxidative stress in cardiac cells. Quercetin alone improved oxidative stress in cardiac tissue, and its combination with exercise was more effective.
{"title":"Effect of Quercetin and Intermittent and Continuous Exercise on Catalase, Superoxide dismutase, and Malondialdehyde in the Heart of Rats with Colon Cancer","authors":"Behrooz Talaei, Mohammad Panji, Fatemeh Zahra Nazari Robati, Sajjad Tezerji","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5733","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Colorectal cancer is the fourth leading cause of death globally, and the second most common cancer in Europe. About 8% of all cancer-related deaths occur due to colorectal cancer, and the highest prevalence has been reported in Asia and Eastern Europe. Methods: In this experimental study, 80 rats were divided into two groups of cases (n=70) and controls (n=10). Colorectal cancer was induced weekly in rats by subcutaneous injection of 15 mg/kg Azoxymethane. The rats were then divided into 7 experimental subgroups of patients, saline, quercetin, intermittent exercise, continuous exercise, quercetin plus intermittent, and quercetin plus continuous exercise. Oxidative stress biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the rats’ heart tissue by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA by SPSS software. Results: Oxidative stress in heart cells increased due to colorectal cancer. Quercetin alone or in combination with exercise significantly increased mean levels of CAT and SOD in the heart tissue of rats compared with patient and saline groups (P<0.0001). In contrast, the MDA level was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Colorectal cancer increased the oxidative stress in cardiac cells. Quercetin alone improved oxidative stress in cardiac tissue, and its combination with exercise was more effective.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90502271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5728
Rajabali Daroudi, Nasrin Sargazi, Arya Sakhidel-Hovasin, M. Sheikhy-Chaman
Background: The socioeconomic status as a major determinant of health status has a considerable impact on the cancer survival rate. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of socioeconomic factors on the 5-year survival rate for the most common cancer types in 56 countries. Methods: In this ecological study, 5-year survival data for gastric cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia during the period of 2005-2009 and socioeconomic factors including gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy, literacy rate, urbanization and healthcare expenditure were extracted from the CONCORD-2 study and the World Bank database, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis was used to estimate the model with the ordinary least-squares (OLS) method using Stata 14 software. Results: The GDP coefficient for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia was positive and significant. No correlation was identified between gastric, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate cancers with GDP. Gastric, colon, breast, and prostate cancers had a positive and significant correlation with life expectancy, while no significant correlation was found between lung cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia with life expectancy. There was no correlation between cancer survival rate and literacy rate, or urbanization. There was only a positive correlation between prostate cancer with healthcare expenditure. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant relationship between gastric and ovarian cancers with socioeconomic variables. Finally, GDP and life expectancy had the most significant impact on cancer survival rates. Conclusion: Different countries can play a key role in increasing cancer survival rates by implementing policies to improve economic and social factors.
{"title":"The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Cancer Survival Rate","authors":"Rajabali Daroudi, Nasrin Sargazi, Arya Sakhidel-Hovasin, M. Sheikhy-Chaman","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5728","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The socioeconomic status as a major determinant of health status has a considerable impact on the cancer survival rate. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of socioeconomic factors on the 5-year survival rate for the most common cancer types in 56 countries. Methods: In this ecological study, 5-year survival data for gastric cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and leukemia during the period of 2005-2009 and socioeconomic factors including gross domestic product (GDP), life expectancy, literacy rate, urbanization and healthcare expenditure were extracted from the CONCORD-2 study and the World Bank database, respectively. Multivariable regression analysis was used to estimate the model with the ordinary least-squares (OLS) method using Stata 14 software. Results: The GDP coefficient for breast cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia was positive and significant. No correlation was identified between gastric, colon, lung, ovarian, and prostate cancers with GDP. Gastric, colon, breast, and prostate cancers had a positive and significant correlation with life expectancy, while no significant correlation was found between lung cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and leukemia with life expectancy. There was no correlation between cancer survival rate and literacy rate, or urbanization. There was only a positive correlation between prostate cancer with healthcare expenditure. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant relationship between gastric and ovarian cancers with socioeconomic variables. Finally, GDP and life expectancy had the most significant impact on cancer survival rates. Conclusion: Different countries can play a key role in increasing cancer survival rates by implementing policies to improve economic and social factors.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84857900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5725
S. Sadighi, M. Saberian, B. Behrouzi, M. Najafi, I. Jahanzad, R. Omranipour
Background: Because of the decreasing effect of metformin on insulin resistance, it has been suggested as an anti-obesity and anti-cancer drug. So, we aimed to study the effect of metformin therapy on tumor cell proliferation in non-diabetic breast cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial and studied the effect of metformin therapy on the level of Ki67 as a measure of tumor cell proliferation. Our primary endpoint was to evaluate the changes in Ki67. The intervention group consisted of 25 non-diabetic breast cancer patients with no indication for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. They were followed up from the time of biopsy to operation. Metformin (1500 mg/day) was prescribed in the intervention group from the date of diagnosis until the surgery (2.8 weeks). Controls were 20 early breast cancer patients who had been followed up with no prescription from biopsy until operation. Results: We could not find any statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding baseline clinical or tumor characteristics such as age, stage, grade, estrogen receptor, HER2 status or time, and type of surgery. However, the immunohistochemistry (IHS) study showed a decrease in median Ki67 from 35.14 to 29.6 in the intervention group (P-value= 0.02). While an increase from 24.5 to 30.6 was detected in the control group (P-value= 0.02). Both of these changes were statistically significant. Although mild gastrointestinal symptoms were seen in approximately 50% of cases, generally, patients tolerated metformin well. There was a correlation between the score of HOMA, a metabolic factor, and the changes in KI67. Conclusion: Metformin prescription in a short period of time between biopsy and definitive surgery leads to the inhibition of breast cancer cell growth. We found a relationship between metformin anti-proliferative effect and glucose and insulin metabolism.
{"title":"Metformin Efficacy on Proliferation Indices of Tumoral Cells in Non-Diabetic Patients with Invasive Breast Cancer Referring to the Cancer Institute of Iran","authors":"S. Sadighi, M. Saberian, B. Behrouzi, M. Najafi, I. Jahanzad, R. Omranipour","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V11I4.5725","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Because of the decreasing effect of metformin on insulin resistance, it has been suggested as an anti-obesity and anti-cancer drug. So, we aimed to study the effect of metformin therapy on tumor cell proliferation in non-diabetic breast cancer patients. Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial and studied the effect of metformin therapy on the level of Ki67 as a measure of tumor cell proliferation. Our primary endpoint was to evaluate the changes in Ki67. The intervention group consisted of 25 non-diabetic breast cancer patients with no indication for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. They were followed up from the time of biopsy to operation. Metformin (1500 mg/day) was prescribed in the intervention group from the date of diagnosis until the surgery (2.8 weeks). Controls were 20 early breast cancer patients who had been followed up with no prescription from biopsy until operation. Results: We could not find any statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding baseline clinical or tumor characteristics such as age, stage, grade, estrogen receptor, HER2 status or time, and type of surgery. However, the immunohistochemistry (IHS) study showed a decrease in median Ki67 from 35.14 to 29.6 in the intervention group (P-value= 0.02). While an increase from 24.5 to 30.6 was detected in the control group (P-value= 0.02). Both of these changes were statistically significant. Although mild gastrointestinal symptoms were seen in approximately 50% of cases, generally, patients tolerated metformin well. There was a correlation between the score of HOMA, a metabolic factor, and the changes in KI67. Conclusion: Metformin prescription in a short period of time between biopsy and definitive surgery leads to the inhibition of breast cancer cell growth. We found a relationship between metformin anti-proliferative effect and glucose and insulin metabolism.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82962614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-14DOI: 10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5729
Sima Nobari, Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar, Hoda Keshmiri Neghab, F. Jalilian, F. Bahreini, R. Amini
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (containing approximately 22 nucleotides), which modulate and control the expression of target genes by binding them. MiRNAs play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Thus, alterations in the expression level of miRNAs play a key role in the pathobiology of numerous cancers. In this research, the expression level of MicroRNA-1290 (miR1290) and its target genes THBS1 and DKK3 were evaluated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 144 paraffin-embedded tissue samples of CRC and adjacent tissues from patients who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Total RNA was isolated from the tissue using Trizol reagent following the manufacturer’s instructions and then reverse transcribed to cDNA. The expression of miR-1290 and its target genes was measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS V.20 statistical software. Results: We present evidence that the miR-1290 expression in CRC tissues was significantly higher than in the normal margin, and its targets were downregulated in tumor tissue compared to the adjacent tissue. Conclusion: This study supports the essential role of miR-1290 and its contribution to CRC invasion and metastasis through targeting THBS1 and DKK3, as biomarkers for CRC diagnosis.
{"title":"Expression of miR-1290 and Its Target Genes THBS1 and DKK3 in Colorectal Cancer Patients","authors":"Sima Nobari, Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar, Hoda Keshmiri Neghab, F. Jalilian, F. Bahreini, R. Amini","doi":"10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/BCCR.V12I1.5729","url":null,"abstract":"Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs (containing approximately 22 nucleotides), which modulate and control the expression of target genes by binding them. MiRNAs play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Thus, alterations in the expression level of miRNAs play a key role in the pathobiology of numerous cancers. In this research, the expression level of MicroRNA-1290 (miR1290) and its target genes THBS1 and DKK3 were evaluated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods: This case-control study was carried out on 144 paraffin-embedded tissue samples of CRC and adjacent tissues from patients who referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Total RNA was isolated from the tissue using Trizol reagent following the manufacturer’s instructions and then reverse transcribed to cDNA. The expression of miR-1290 and its target genes was measured by quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS V.20 statistical software. Results: We present evidence that the miR-1290 expression in CRC tissues was significantly higher than in the normal margin, and its targets were downregulated in tumor tissue compared to the adjacent tissue. Conclusion: This study supports the essential role of miR-1290 and its contribution to CRC invasion and metastasis through targeting THBS1 and DKK3, as biomarkers for CRC diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":8706,"journal":{"name":"Basic & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86774759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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