Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0031
Dzengis Jasar, S. Smichkoska, Katerina Kubelka, Vanja Filipovski, Gordana Petrushevska
Abstract Introduction: "Triple" negative breast cancer is a subgroup of so-called basal-like breast cancer. They are represented with 15% of all breast cancers, characterized with lack of hormone receptor as well as with negative expression of HER2 test. These tumors are more frequent in Afro-Americans and Latin-Americans, in patients with BRCA1 mutations and in patients with recent delivery. The aim of this study is to present the immunohistochemical and clinico-pathological characteristics of the triple negative breast cancer and their correlation with expression of the protein product of the tumor suppressor gene p53. Methods: A retrospective analyses of 24 patients with triple negative breast cancer was performed. All of the patients were evaluated in the Histopathological Laboratory of the Clinical Hospital Sistina, during the period from June 2009, until June 2011. The standard immunohistochemical procedures, including the hormone receptor status, HER2 status, proliferative index - Ki67 and p53 gene protein product were performed, as well as additional immunohistochemical staining for socalled basal keratins (Cytokeratin 5/6 and high molecular weight cytokeratin 34BE12). Results: The age of the patients ranged from 29-77 years. Positive lymph nodes were found in 14 (59%) patients. The tumor was poorly differentiated in 19 patients (79%). Overexpression of the p53 protein product was evaluated in 19 (79%) of the cases. All p53 negative patients (5/5) had poorly differentiated tumors (G3), associated with positive regional lymph nodes. The p53 positive group expressed quite opposite correlation, only 9/19 (47%) were with positive lymph nodes (p = 0.03). The expression of p53 protein product was also associated with the nuclear grade (p = 0.005), the mitotic index (p = 0.001), lymph-vascular invasion (p = 0.005) and with the proliferation index Ki67 (p = 0.003). There was a trend for association with the tumor size - pT (p = 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the triple negative breast cancers are subgroup of the poorly differentiated neoplasms frequently associated in the younger age groups. The majority of these have overexpression of the p53 protein product, which in other hand, are inversely correlated with lymph nodes metastases. Hence, the necessity of enriching the immunohistochemical protocol of these patients with new antibodies, in order to evaluate their expression, which would be helpful for prediction the outcome of different therapeutical modalities. Вовед: „Тројно“ негативните карциноми на дојка претставуваат подгрупа на т.н. basaltype карциноми на дојка. Опфаќаат околу 15% од сите карциноми на дојка и се карактеризи- раат со отсуство на експресија на хормонските рецептори и на HER2/neu рецепторот. Почести се кај Афроамериканците и кај Латиноамери- канците, кај оние со мутации на BRCA1 генот и кај скоро породени. Целта на оваа студија е да ги прикаже имунохистохемиските карактерис- тики на „тројно“ негативните карцином
{"title":"Expression of p53 Protein Product in Triple Negative Breast Cancers and Relation with Clinical and Histopathological Parameters/ Експресија На Р53 Протеинскиот Продукт Кај Тројно Негативните Карциноми На Дојка Во Сооднос Со Клиничките И Хистопатолошките Параметри","authors":"Dzengis Jasar, S. Smichkoska, Katerina Kubelka, Vanja Filipovski, Gordana Petrushevska","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: \"Triple\" negative breast cancer is a subgroup of so-called basal-like breast cancer. They are represented with 15% of all breast cancers, characterized with lack of hormone receptor as well as with negative expression of HER2 test. These tumors are more frequent in Afro-Americans and Latin-Americans, in patients with BRCA1 mutations and in patients with recent delivery. The aim of this study is to present the immunohistochemical and clinico-pathological characteristics of the triple negative breast cancer and their correlation with expression of the protein product of the tumor suppressor gene p53. Methods: A retrospective analyses of 24 patients with triple negative breast cancer was performed. All of the patients were evaluated in the Histopathological Laboratory of the Clinical Hospital Sistina, during the period from June 2009, until June 2011. The standard immunohistochemical procedures, including the hormone receptor status, HER2 status, proliferative index - Ki67 and p53 gene protein product were performed, as well as additional immunohistochemical staining for socalled basal keratins (Cytokeratin 5/6 and high molecular weight cytokeratin 34BE12). Results: The age of the patients ranged from 29-77 years. Positive lymph nodes were found in 14 (59%) patients. The tumor was poorly differentiated in 19 patients (79%). Overexpression of the p53 protein product was evaluated in 19 (79%) of the cases. All p53 negative patients (5/5) had poorly differentiated tumors (G3), associated with positive regional lymph nodes. The p53 positive group expressed quite opposite correlation, only 9/19 (47%) were with positive lymph nodes (p = 0.03). The expression of p53 protein product was also associated with the nuclear grade (p = 0.005), the mitotic index (p = 0.001), lymph-vascular invasion (p = 0.005) and with the proliferation index Ki67 (p = 0.003). There was a trend for association with the tumor size - pT (p = 0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the triple negative breast cancers are subgroup of the poorly differentiated neoplasms frequently associated in the younger age groups. The majority of these have overexpression of the p53 protein product, which in other hand, are inversely correlated with lymph nodes metastases. Hence, the necessity of enriching the immunohistochemical protocol of these patients with new antibodies, in order to evaluate their expression, which would be helpful for prediction the outcome of different therapeutical modalities. Вовед: „Тројно“ негативните карциноми на дојка претставуваат подгрупа на т.н. basaltype карциноми на дојка. Опфаќаат околу 15% од сите карциноми на дојка и се карактеризи- раат со отсуство на експресија на хормонските рецептори и на HER2/neu рецепторот. Почести се кај Афроамериканците и кај Латиноамери- канците, кај оние со мутации на BRCA1 генот и кај скоро породени. Целта на оваа студија е да ги прикаже имунохистохемиските карактерис- тики на „тројно“ негативните карцином","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"34 1","pages":"69 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73108680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-05-01DOI: 10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0051
Goce Spasovski
Abstract The International Nephrology Days in honor of the 75th anniversary of Academician Momir Polenakovic and 50 years of his scientific work were held in the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA) on 26 and 27 September 2014. Organizers of the meeting were the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Macedonian Society of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs (MSNDTAO). The days were programmed with the VII Macedonian-Croatian Nephrology Meeting and the Continuing Medical Education (CME) Course on "Renal Replacement Therapy - when & how - update on the outcome and cost-efficacy" organized by the MSNDTAO in cooperation with the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA). Prominent academicians, researchers and nephrologists from Europe and neighboring countries contributed with their lectures and discussion at this scientific event. On September 26, 2014 the opening talk was given by Acad. V. Kambovski, President of the MASA, about the Life and Work of Academician Momir Polenakovic. In honor of his anniversary and valuable scientific opus, during the meeting Acad. Momir Polenakovic was awarded with Certificate of the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA) for his significant role in the development of nephrology in the Balkan region and couple of other diplomas and acknowledgement. Prof. Polenakovic is founder of the MSNDTAO and his lifetime honorary president. Во чест на 75-годишнината од раѓањето на академик Момир Поленаковиќ и 50 години од неговата научна работа, во Македонската академија на науките и уметностите (МАНУ) на 26 и 27 септември 2014 година се одржа мани- фестацијата Меѓународни нефролошки денови. Организатори на состанокот беа МАНУ и Маке- донското здружение за нефрологија, дијализа, трансплантација и вештачки органи (MЗНДТВО). Во рамките на Деновите, се одржа и VII маке- донско-хрватски нефролошки состанок и Курс за континуирана медицинска едукација на Европ- ската ренална асоцијација (ERA-EDTA) „Ренална заменска терапија - кога и како - ажурирање на резултатите и трошоците за ефикасност“ во организација на МЗНДТВО во соработка со ЕРА-ЕДТА. Истакнати академици, истражувачи и нефролози од Европа и од соседните земји придонесоа со свои предавања и дискусии на овој научен настан. На 26 септември 2014 година, воведен го- вор одржа академик Владо Камбовски, претсе- дател на МАНУ, со беседа за живоtоt и делоtо на акад. Момир Поленаковиќ. Во чест на неговиот јубилеј и вредниот научен опус, за време на состанокот на академик Момир Поле- наковиќ му е доделен сертификат од Европската ренална асоцијација (ЕРА-ЕДТА) за неговата значајна улога во развојот на нефрологијата во Балканскиот регион, како и неколку други дип- ломи и признанија. Акад. Поленаковиќ е основач на МЗНДТВО и негов доживотен почесен претседател
{"title":"International Nephrology Days/ Меѓународни Нефролошки Денови","authors":"Goce Spasovski","doi":"10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The International Nephrology Days in honor of the 75th anniversary of Academician Momir Polenakovic and 50 years of his scientific work were held in the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA) on 26 and 27 September 2014. Organizers of the meeting were the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Macedonian Society of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation and Artificial Organs (MSNDTAO). The days were programmed with the VII Macedonian-Croatian Nephrology Meeting and the Continuing Medical Education (CME) Course on \"Renal Replacement Therapy - when & how - update on the outcome and cost-efficacy\" organized by the MSNDTAO in cooperation with the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA). Prominent academicians, researchers and nephrologists from Europe and neighboring countries contributed with their lectures and discussion at this scientific event. On September 26, 2014 the opening talk was given by Acad. V. Kambovski, President of the MASA, about the Life and Work of Academician Momir Polenakovic. In honor of his anniversary and valuable scientific opus, during the meeting Acad. Momir Polenakovic was awarded with Certificate of the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA) for his significant role in the development of nephrology in the Balkan region and couple of other diplomas and acknowledgement. Prof. Polenakovic is founder of the MSNDTAO and his lifetime honorary president. Во чест на 75-годишнината од раѓањето на академик Момир Поленаковиќ и 50 години од неговата научна работа, во Македонската академија на науките и уметностите (МАНУ) на 26 и 27 септември 2014 година се одржа мани- фестацијата Меѓународни нефролошки денови. Организатори на состанокот беа МАНУ и Маке- донското здружение за нефрологија, дијализа, трансплантација и вештачки органи (MЗНДТВО). Во рамките на Деновите, се одржа и VII маке- донско-хрватски нефролошки состанок и Курс за континуирана медицинска едукација на Европ- ската ренална асоцијација (ERA-EDTA) „Ренална заменска терапија - кога и како - ажурирање на резултатите и трошоците за ефикасност“ во организација на МЗНДТВО во соработка со ЕРА-ЕДТА. Истакнати академици, истражувачи и нефролози од Европа и од соседните земји придонесоа со свои предавања и дискусии на овој научен настан. На 26 септември 2014 година, воведен го- вор одржа академик Владо Камбовски, претсе- дател на МАНУ, со беседа за живоtоt и делоtо на акад. Момир Поленаковиќ. Во чест на неговиот јубилеј и вредниот научен опус, за време на состанокот на академик Момир Поле- наковиќ му е доделен сертификат од Европската ренална асоцијација (ЕРА-ЕДТА) за неговата значајна улога во развојот на нефрологијата во Балканскиот регион, како и неколку други дип- ломи и признанија. Акад. Поленаковиќ е основач на МЗНДТВО и негов доживотен почесен претседател","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"73 1","pages":"231 - 233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80106647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0002
M. Polenaković, Z. Gucev
Abstract The Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), held a scientific workshop for journal editors in biomedicine: “Publishing integrity and good practices in editing in biomedicine” on April 25, 2014 in MASA, Skopje. The meeting looked into old problems and new situations in editing and publishing, with emphasis on the situation in developing countries. This global knowledge-based society is founded on the results obtained from scientific research. The data from basic research in developed countries contribute in a quite substantial manner to the newly added economic value. One of the main reasons for underdevelopment in South Eastern Europe (SEE) is certainly a low or non-existent contribution of scientific research in the newly added economic value. This has largely to do with the perception of the political elites which simply lack the insight on the crucial importance of science in development. In the long term this leads to societies in which there are distortions in the understanding of the most basic values. Academic publishing has experienced tremendous growth: so far there are at least 50 million scientific articles. Interestingly, publishing in developing countries has experienced a rate of growth higher than in developed countries. However, this is not the case with the Balkan countries. The meeting looked at some old and some newly emerging problems in editing and publishing. First, the high cost for universities and researchers to purchase journals adversely affects both publishing and editing. In developing countries the high cost of purchasing scientific literature is an almost insurmountable problem in spite of the fact that some publishing companies offer discounted fees. Open access journals in South Eastern European (SEE) countries are hardly achievable as this also incurs costs that have to be covered in some way or other. The peer review process has the fundamental difficulty that reviewers are in the situation of a Procrustean bed, tending to accept reports which support the reviewer's concepts of thinking and, like Procrustes, cutting everything else out. Authorship is often a contentious issue, as undeserved authors appear on the list of authors. Some principles are now a norm in academic publishing. This applies to the declaration of a conflict of interest, the consent of the patient and the approval of the Ethical Board of the institution. This global informational technological revolution has, unfortunately, led to largely widespread and increasingly sophisticated deviations: plagiarism, data fabrication and data falsification as forms of scientific misconduct. Those events are now more widespread than in the past. Luckily new tools to track them are much better than previously. The race for perfect publishing integrity and for the best good practices in editing in biomedicine is on. New and old challenges will be met. The benevolent and caring society, educated professionals and an enlightened public remain e
{"title":"Publishing Integrity and Good Practices in Editing in Biomedicine","authors":"M. Polenaković, Z. Gucev","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), held a scientific workshop for journal editors in biomedicine: “Publishing integrity and good practices in editing in biomedicine” on April 25, 2014 in MASA, Skopje. The meeting looked into old problems and new situations in editing and publishing, with emphasis on the situation in developing countries. This global knowledge-based society is founded on the results obtained from scientific research. The data from basic research in developed countries contribute in a quite substantial manner to the newly added economic value. One of the main reasons for underdevelopment in South Eastern Europe (SEE) is certainly a low or non-existent contribution of scientific research in the newly added economic value. This has largely to do with the perception of the political elites which simply lack the insight on the crucial importance of science in development. In the long term this leads to societies in which there are distortions in the understanding of the most basic values. Academic publishing has experienced tremendous growth: so far there are at least 50 million scientific articles. Interestingly, publishing in developing countries has experienced a rate of growth higher than in developed countries. However, this is not the case with the Balkan countries. The meeting looked at some old and some newly emerging problems in editing and publishing. First, the high cost for universities and researchers to purchase journals adversely affects both publishing and editing. In developing countries the high cost of purchasing scientific literature is an almost insurmountable problem in spite of the fact that some publishing companies offer discounted fees. Open access journals in South Eastern European (SEE) countries are hardly achievable as this also incurs costs that have to be covered in some way or other. The peer review process has the fundamental difficulty that reviewers are in the situation of a Procrustean bed, tending to accept reports which support the reviewer's concepts of thinking and, like Procrustes, cutting everything else out. Authorship is often a contentious issue, as undeserved authors appear on the list of authors. Some principles are now a norm in academic publishing. This applies to the declaration of a conflict of interest, the consent of the patient and the approval of the Ethical Board of the institution. This global informational technological revolution has, unfortunately, led to largely widespread and increasingly sophisticated deviations: plagiarism, data fabrication and data falsification as forms of scientific misconduct. Those events are now more widespread than in the past. Luckily new tools to track them are much better than previously. The race for perfect publishing integrity and for the best good practices in editing in biomedicine is on. New and old challenges will be met. The benevolent and caring society, educated professionals and an enlightened public remain e","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"15 1","pages":"11 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85044749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0023
M. Popovska, Kristina Mitik, L. Grchevska, A. Atanasovska-Stojanovska, B. Kapushevska, Ilijana Muratovska, A. Minovska, V. Radojkova-Nikolovska
Abstract Aim: To examine the role of IgA, CIC and component C3 as indicators of humoral immune response in the etiopathogenesis of oral erosive lichen planus (OELP). Material and method: The study comprised 19 patients with OELP whose samples of blood, saliva and tissue were obtained after carefully taken medical history and clinical examination. Samples of oral mucosa were taken from the site of lesion, i.e. exclusively from buccal mucosa (1 cm in width and length), and from the deep epithelium as well as a segment from the lamina propria. Determination of immunoglobulins in serum and saliva, and determination of component C3, was done using the micro-elisa technique by Rook & Cameron, Engvall and Ulman. Determination of CIC in serum and mixed saliva was done with the PEG (polyethylene glycol) method. Determination of immunoglobulin A and component C3 in biopsy material was done with direct immunofluorescence. Results: Levels of immunoglobulin A in serum in OELP during exacerbation were decreased (1.04 ± 0.49 gr/l) and during remission increased (5.92 ± 0.62) in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). Levels of CIC during exacerbation and remission were increased (p < 0.001), and component C3 levels were increased in both examined phases in the examined group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Deposits of IgA were registered in one (5.88%) patient with OELP and component C3 was registered in 3 (17.64%) patients. Conclusion: Changes in IgA values, as well as CIC and component C3, may correlate with changes in oral mucosa emphasizing the role of humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.
{"title":"Role of Humoral Mechanisms in Etiology of Lichen Planus","authors":"M. Popovska, Kristina Mitik, L. Grchevska, A. Atanasovska-Stojanovska, B. Kapushevska, Ilijana Muratovska, A. Minovska, V. Radojkova-Nikolovska","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aim: To examine the role of IgA, CIC and component C3 as indicators of humoral immune response in the etiopathogenesis of oral erosive lichen planus (OELP). Material and method: The study comprised 19 patients with OELP whose samples of blood, saliva and tissue were obtained after carefully taken medical history and clinical examination. Samples of oral mucosa were taken from the site of lesion, i.e. exclusively from buccal mucosa (1 cm in width and length), and from the deep epithelium as well as a segment from the lamina propria. Determination of immunoglobulins in serum and saliva, and determination of component C3, was done using the micro-elisa technique by Rook & Cameron, Engvall and Ulman. Determination of CIC in serum and mixed saliva was done with the PEG (polyethylene glycol) method. Determination of immunoglobulin A and component C3 in biopsy material was done with direct immunofluorescence. Results: Levels of immunoglobulin A in serum in OELP during exacerbation were decreased (1.04 ± 0.49 gr/l) and during remission increased (5.92 ± 0.62) in comparison with the control group (p < 0.001). Levels of CIC during exacerbation and remission were increased (p < 0.001), and component C3 levels were increased in both examined phases in the examined group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Deposits of IgA were registered in one (5.88%) patient with OELP and component C3 was registered in 3 (17.64%) patients. Conclusion: Changes in IgA values, as well as CIC and component C3, may correlate with changes in oral mucosa emphasizing the role of humoral immune response in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"6 1","pages":"185 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76448512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0020
E. Cvetkovska, I. Kuzmanovski, B. Boshkovski
Abstract A questionnaire of 15 items was developed in order to evaluate clinical practice regarding pharmacological treatment of epilepsy among adult neurologists in R. Macedonia. It was mailed to 30 practising neurologists, 24 answered (80%). Half of them administer AED after a first unprovoked seizure considering EEG and MRI, while others usually wait for a second one before introducing treatment. Discontinuation of treatment should be individualized. Carbamazepine and lamotrigine are the most frequently prescribed first-line drugs for partial seizures; second choices include a number of older and new generation AEDs. For generalized tonic-clonic seizures, absences, myoclonic, mixed or undetermined seizures, valproate is by far the most commonly used AED. The survey showed that prescription patterns are in accordance with current evidence about the spectrum of efficacy of individual AEDs in different types of seizures. Yet some results are a cause of concern and continuous education of the neurological community on AED treatment of epilepsy is needed.
{"title":"Brief Communication of Assessment of Clinical Practice Regarding Pharmacological Treatment of Epilepsy: A Survey of Neurologists in Republic of Macedonia","authors":"E. Cvetkovska, I. Kuzmanovski, B. Boshkovski","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A questionnaire of 15 items was developed in order to evaluate clinical practice regarding pharmacological treatment of epilepsy among adult neurologists in R. Macedonia. It was mailed to 30 practising neurologists, 24 answered (80%). Half of them administer AED after a first unprovoked seizure considering EEG and MRI, while others usually wait for a second one before introducing treatment. Discontinuation of treatment should be individualized. Carbamazepine and lamotrigine are the most frequently prescribed first-line drugs for partial seizures; second choices include a number of older and new generation AEDs. For generalized tonic-clonic seizures, absences, myoclonic, mixed or undetermined seizures, valproate is by far the most commonly used AED. The survey showed that prescription patterns are in accordance with current evidence about the spectrum of efficacy of individual AEDs in different types of seizures. Yet some results are a cause of concern and continuous education of the neurological community on AED treatment of epilepsy is needed.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"816 1","pages":"163 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72518364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0019
M. Bosevski
Abstract There are two points of view on the interplay between carotid artery disease and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as one of the main determinants for the presence and progression of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery disease; and carotid intima-media thickness has been defined as a useful tool for risk stratification of this population. Hyperglycaemia, duration of diabetes, arterial hypertension, cholesterol and inflammatory markers have previously been determined as independent factors for carotid atherosclerosis in diabetes, and aging as its predictor in this population by our own results. This paper focuses on the particularities of risk factors in diabetic patients (especially in type 2) and evidence-based guidelines for the management and risk reduction of these patients with stroke and/or carotid artery disease. At present, carotid ultrasound is recommended in diabetic patients with cerebrovascular symptoms. Since the prevalence of diabetes increases constantly, we attempt to address refreshment of criteria for screening of carotid artery disease in the diabetic population. It could be recommended for diabetic patients with at least one more risk factors and for diabetic patients above 60 years of age.
{"title":"Carotid Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients","authors":"M. Bosevski","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are two points of view on the interplay between carotid artery disease and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus has been recognized as one of the main determinants for the presence and progression of asymptomatic and symptomatic carotid artery disease; and carotid intima-media thickness has been defined as a useful tool for risk stratification of this population. Hyperglycaemia, duration of diabetes, arterial hypertension, cholesterol and inflammatory markers have previously been determined as independent factors for carotid atherosclerosis in diabetes, and aging as its predictor in this population by our own results. This paper focuses on the particularities of risk factors in diabetic patients (especially in type 2) and evidence-based guidelines for the management and risk reduction of these patients with stroke and/or carotid artery disease. At present, carotid ultrasound is recommended in diabetic patients with cerebrovascular symptoms. Since the prevalence of diabetes increases constantly, we attempt to address refreshment of criteria for screening of carotid artery disease in the diabetic population. It could be recommended for diabetic patients with at least one more risk factors and for diabetic patients above 60 years of age.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"116 10 1","pages":"149 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84246563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0001
M. Polenaković
In the last 20 years high schooling/university level education in the Republic of Macedonia has been enriched with a number of additional public and private universities, faculties and high schools established in all areas of education including biomedical sciences. Many young people got opportunity to study and continue with further postgraduate training including specializations and sub-specializations, masters/MS and doctorates/PhD studies. The expansion of higher education and in particular the introduction of the European Credit Transfer System in R. Macedonia, about 10 years ago, contributed to the decline of the criteria in the study, with increased easier passing from one academic year to another and easier way of obtaining higher education diplomas, even the so-called "buying diplomas", especially at some private universities. There were registered numerous frauds in passing written tests of colloquia and exams, plagiarism and other forms of unethical conduct in drafting seminar papers, master thesis and doctoral dissertations, both in undergraduate and postgraduate education that the academic community could not accept and could not tolerate. On the other hand, the introduction of additional and higher criteria in the academic community for career development and election into educational and scientific titles, as well as for granting various other recognitions and awards, according to the research activities and the number of published papers in scientific journals, contributed to an expansion of the publishing activity in biomedicine, with an increasing number of scientific journals in R. Macedonia and the number of papers published in them, in most cases with a previous peer review. But, the increased quantity has not always been matched by increased quality in publishing. The reasons for this are related to lack of information and education of the scientific community, especially of the young scientists about the ethical principles in research and publishing, and a number of attempts of many experts for increasing their scientific productivity by unethical behavior and fraud in research and publishing their results in scientific journals. The measures undertaken by the Ministry of Education and Science, the editors of scientific journals and other relevant factors are mainly aimed at detecting fraud and plagiarism. Little attention has been paid to the additional structured education to raise the ethical standards and awareness about the principles of scientific communication and ethical approach to research and publishing of results in scientific journals. After prolonged observations of adverse trends and developments in the field of scientific publishing in biomedicine, the guest editors of this thematic issue of the Journal "Prilozi/ Contributions", along with members of the Department of Medicine and other members of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), in 2013, undertook the initiative to organize a workshop for
{"title":"Foreword - Overview of the Workshop Held and Establishing of the Macedonian Association of Medical Editors, in Skopje, on April 25, 2014","authors":"M. Polenaković","doi":"10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/PRILOZI-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"In the last 20 years high schooling/university level education in the Republic of Macedonia has been enriched with a number of additional public and private universities, faculties and high schools established in all areas of education including biomedical sciences. Many young people got opportunity to study and continue with further postgraduate training including specializations and sub-specializations, masters/MS and doctorates/PhD studies. The expansion of higher education and in particular the introduction of the European Credit Transfer System in R. Macedonia, about 10 years ago, contributed to the decline of the criteria in the study, with increased easier passing from one academic year to another and easier way of obtaining higher education diplomas, even the so-called \"buying diplomas\", especially at some private universities. There were registered numerous frauds in passing written tests of colloquia and exams, plagiarism and other forms of unethical conduct in drafting seminar papers, master thesis and doctoral dissertations, both in undergraduate and postgraduate education that the academic community could not accept and could not tolerate. On the other hand, the introduction of additional and higher criteria in the academic community for career development and election into educational and scientific titles, as well as for granting various other recognitions and awards, according to the research activities and the number of published papers in scientific journals, contributed to an expansion of the publishing activity in biomedicine, with an increasing number of scientific journals in R. Macedonia and the number of papers published in them, in most cases with a previous peer review. But, the increased quantity has not always been matched by increased quality in publishing. The reasons for this are related to lack of information and education of the scientific community, especially of the young scientists about the ethical principles in research and publishing, and a number of attempts of many experts for increasing their scientific productivity by unethical behavior and fraud in research and publishing their results in scientific journals. The measures undertaken by the Ministry of Education and Science, the editors of scientific journals and other relevant factors are mainly aimed at detecting fraud and plagiarism. Little attention has been paid to the additional structured education to raise the ethical standards and awareness about the principles of scientific communication and ethical approach to research and publishing of results in scientific journals. After prolonged observations of adverse trends and developments in the field of scientific publishing in biomedicine, the guest editors of this thematic issue of the Journal \"Prilozi/ Contributions\", along with members of the Department of Medicine and other members of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts (MASA), in 2013, undertook the initiative to organize a workshop for","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"297 1","pages":"10 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77182543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0017
Irena Petrova, E. Mitevska, Zorica Gerasimovska, L. Milenkova, N. Kostovska
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the histological characteristics of the thyroid gland in ApoE KO-/- mice following the application of levothyroxine (l-thyroxine). A total of 12 female ApoE KO-/- mice were divided into two groups. A control group of mice received distilled water and the experimental group received l-thyroxine dissolved in drinking water at a daily dose of 2 µg/ml, over 12 weeks. The paraffin sections were processed with the usual haematoxilin-eosin technique of staining. Qualitative histological analysis demonstrated: the presence of large distended follicles in the peripheral areas of the gland; fulfillment of the lumen of follicles with an ample amount of colloid; complete absence of resorptive vacuoles in the colloid; a flattened follicullar epithelium. Morphometric assessment showed a significant increase in the diameters of follicles in the peripheral areas of the gland and a significant decrease in the height of the follicullar epithelium (p <0,001). Our results demonstrated that l-thyroxine causes characteristic morphological changes in the structure of the thyroid gland in the direction of the occurrence of hyperthyroidism.
{"title":"Histological Structure of the Thyroid Gland in Apolipoprotein E Deficient Female Mice After Levothyroxine Application","authors":"Irena Petrova, E. Mitevska, Zorica Gerasimovska, L. Milenkova, N. Kostovska","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the histological characteristics of the thyroid gland in ApoE KO-/- mice following the application of levothyroxine (l-thyroxine). A total of 12 female ApoE KO-/- mice were divided into two groups. A control group of mice received distilled water and the experimental group received l-thyroxine dissolved in drinking water at a daily dose of 2 µg/ml, over 12 weeks. The paraffin sections were processed with the usual haematoxilin-eosin technique of staining. Qualitative histological analysis demonstrated: the presence of large distended follicles in the peripheral areas of the gland; fulfillment of the lumen of follicles with an ample amount of colloid; complete absence of resorptive vacuoles in the colloid; a flattened follicullar epithelium. Morphometric assessment showed a significant increase in the diameters of follicles in the peripheral areas of the gland and a significant decrease in the height of the follicullar epithelium (p <0,001). Our results demonstrated that l-thyroxine causes characteristic morphological changes in the structure of the thyroid gland in the direction of the occurrence of hyperthyroidism.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"121 1","pages":"135 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86271596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0008
Z. Zdravkovski
Abstract The development and availability of personal computers and software as well as printing techniques in the last twenty years have made a profound change in the publication of scientific journals. Additionally, the Internet in the last decade has revolutionized the publication process to the point of changing the basic paradigm of printed journals. The Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering in its 40-year history has adopted and adapted to all these transformations. In order to keep up with the inevitable changes, as editor-in-chief I felt my responsibility was to introduce an electronic editorial managing of the journal. The choice was between commercial and open source platforms, and because of the limited funding of the journal we chose the latter. We decided on Open Journal Systems, which provided online submission and management of all content, had flexible configuration - requirements, sections, review process, etc., had options for comprehensive indexing, offered various reading tools, had email notification and commenting ability for readers, had an option for thesis abstracts and was installed locally. However, since there is limited support it requires a moderate computer knowledge/skills and effort in order to set up. Overall, it is an excellent editorial platform and a convenient solution for journals with a low budget or journals that do not want to spend their resources on commercial platforms or simply support the idea of open source software.
{"title":"Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering: Open Journal Systems - Editor's Perspective","authors":"Z. Zdravkovski","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The development and availability of personal computers and software as well as printing techniques in the last twenty years have made a profound change in the publication of scientific journals. Additionally, the Internet in the last decade has revolutionized the publication process to the point of changing the basic paradigm of printed journals. The Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering in its 40-year history has adopted and adapted to all these transformations. In order to keep up with the inevitable changes, as editor-in-chief I felt my responsibility was to introduce an electronic editorial managing of the journal. The choice was between commercial and open source platforms, and because of the limited funding of the journal we chose the latter. We decided on Open Journal Systems, which provided online submission and management of all content, had flexible configuration - requirements, sections, review process, etc., had options for comprehensive indexing, offered various reading tools, had email notification and commenting ability for readers, had an option for thesis abstracts and was installed locally. However, since there is limited support it requires a moderate computer knowledge/skills and effort in order to set up. Overall, it is an excellent editorial platform and a convenient solution for journals with a low budget or journals that do not want to spend their resources on commercial platforms or simply support the idea of open source software.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"74 1","pages":"51 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86331208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-01DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2015-0013
D. P. Karanfilska, E. S. Stefanovska
Abstract The Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics (BJMG) is an international, open access journal that publishes scientific papers covering different aspects of medical genetics. It is published by the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts twice a year in both printed and electronic versions. BJMG is covered by many abstracting and indexing databases, including PubMed Central and Thomson Reuters. Although there are many journals in the field of medical genetics, only a few come from regions outside Western Europe and North America. Being one of these few journals, BJMG aims to promote genetics and research on this topic in the Balkan countries and beyond. BJMG's ultimate goal is to raise the scientific quality and metrics of the journal and provide a better place for BJMG in the community of scientific journals.
{"title":"“Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics” - Facts, Editorial Policies, Practices and Challenges","authors":"D. P. Karanfilska, E. S. Stefanovska","doi":"10.1515/prilozi-2015-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics (BJMG) is an international, open access journal that publishes scientific papers covering different aspects of medical genetics. It is published by the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts twice a year in both printed and electronic versions. BJMG is covered by many abstracting and indexing databases, including PubMed Central and Thomson Reuters. Although there are many journals in the field of medical genetics, only a few come from regions outside Western Europe and North America. Being one of these few journals, BJMG aims to promote genetics and research on this topic in the Balkan countries and beyond. BJMG's ultimate goal is to raise the scientific quality and metrics of the journal and provide a better place for BJMG in the community of scientific journals.","PeriodicalId":87202,"journal":{"name":"Prilozi","volume":"8 Pt 2 1","pages":"89 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83979000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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