K. Jensen, Cornelia Frömke, B. Schneider, D. Sartison, P. D. Duc, F. Gundling, T. Scheu, A. Wichern, Svenja Fohler, C. Seyboldt, M. Hoedemaker, L. Kreienbrock, A. Campe
ln the last two decades, an increase in chronic herd health problems of hitherto unknown causes was reported in northwest Germany. For further aetiological clarification, the objective of this project was to reveal differences between herds with good and chronically depressed herd health statuses regarding the symptoms at the herd Ievei. Therefore, a case-control study was conducted. The case farms (case 1 farms: no vaccination against clostridia, n = 45; case 2 farms: multi-clostridia vaccination applied, n = 47) must have fulfilled at least three of the following five criteria: decreased milk yield, increased mortality, increased cull ing rate, increased number of downer cows, and farmers' impressions of having herd health problems. The control farms (n = 47) did not fulfil any of these criteria. Multifactoriallogistic regression modelling revealed that both types of case farms had fewer overconditioned cows, more cows with skin lesions on their legs, and a lower cow comfort quotient than the control farms. Moreover, the case 1 farms had a Ionger calving interval, and the cows had more frequently a soiled udder compared to control farms. The case 2 farms had a lower cud chewing index than the control farms. The intraherd prevalences of lameness, cachectic cows and skin lesions were very high compared to recommendations, even on most control farms.These results indicate that different factors, e. g. the housing conditions and management, may play an important role in the presumably multifactorial chronic herd health problems. Therefore, additional aetiological research and veterinary services should consider additional information from all areas of herd management.
{"title":"Case-control study on chronic diseases in dairy herds in northern Germany:Symptoms at the herd Ievel","authors":"K. Jensen, Cornelia Frömke, B. Schneider, D. Sartison, P. D. Duc, F. Gundling, T. Scheu, A. Wichern, Svenja Fohler, C. Seyboldt, M. Hoedemaker, L. Kreienbrock, A. Campe","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16047","url":null,"abstract":"ln the last two decades, an increase in chronic herd health problems of hitherto unknown causes was reported in northwest Germany. For further aetiological clarification, the objective of this project was to reveal differences between herds with good and chronically depressed herd health statuses regarding the symptoms at the herd Ievei. Therefore, a case-control \u0000study was conducted. The case farms (case 1 farms: no vaccination against clostridia, n = 45; case 2 farms: multi-clostridia vaccination applied, n = 47) must have fulfilled at least three of the following five criteria: decreased milk yield, increased mortality, increased cull ing rate, increased number of downer cows, and farmers' impressions of having herd health problems. The \u0000control farms (n = 47) did not fulfil any of these criteria. Multifactoriallogistic regression modelling revealed that both types of case farms had fewer overconditioned cows, more cows with skin lesions on their legs, and \u0000a lower cow comfort quotient than the control farms. Moreover, the case 1 farms had a Ionger calving interval, and the cows had more frequently a soiled udder compared to control farms. The case 2 farms had a lower cud chewing index than the control farms. The intraherd prevalences of lameness, cachectic cows and skin lesions were very high compared to \u0000recommendations, even on most control farms.These results indicate that different factors, e. g. the housing conditions and management, may play an important role in the presumably multifactorial chronic herd health problems. Therefore, additional aetiological research and veterinary services should consider additional information from all areas of herd management.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89213058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Stalb, B. Polley, K. Danner, M. Reule, H. Tomaso, A. Hackbart, C. Wagner-Wiening, R. Sting
Tularemia is a highly contagious infectious disease which has re-emerged in Germany with varying spatial and temporal distribution. European brown hares ( Lepus europaeus) and wild rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) typically serve as hosts for the zoonotic pathogen Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, but many animals including insects and ticks can represent relevant vectors for tularemia. Since the beginning of 2016, cases of tularemia have seemed to accumulate within the brown hare population in Baden-Wuerttemberg (BW). Simultaneously, the number of human infections has also risen compared to previous years. Natural emergence or re-emergence of tularemia can appear in susceptible populations at any time. Knowledge about the actual occurrence and spreading of tularemia is essential to inform health professionals and risk groups, such as hunters, forest workers and farmers in endemic areas. Therefore, we assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of tularemia in brown hares and wild rabbits in BW, retrospectively based on results obtained from cultural and molecular investigations during routine diagnosis, including 179 brown hares (55 positive animals) and ten wild rabbits (0 positive animals), which were randomly found moribund or dead between January 2010 and June 2016. In addition we assessed surveillance data from notified human cases during the same time period. Our data suggest that tularemia is endemic in BW due to an annual and widespread occurrence. Furthermore, tularemia occurs with seasonal peaks in spring and autumn, in particular in October. There are counties where tularemia was observed in both humans and brown hares; however, there are regions with no coincidence of cases in humans and brown hares, suggesting that other reservoirs such as insects or ticks may play a relevant role as vectors. The results of the present study suggest that tularemia is an endemic zoonosis in BW which poses a permanent infection risk to humans.
{"title":"Detection of tularemia in European brown hares (Lepus europaeus) and humans reveals endemic and seasonal occurrence in BadenWuerttemberg,Germany","authors":"S. Stalb, B. Polley, K. Danner, M. Reule, H. Tomaso, A. Hackbart, C. Wagner-Wiening, R. Sting","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16079","url":null,"abstract":"Tularemia is a highly contagious infectious disease which has re-emerged in Germany with varying spatial and temporal distribution. European brown hares ( Lepus europaeus) and wild rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) typically serve as hosts for the zoonotic pathogen Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, but many animals including insects and ticks can represent relevant vectors for tularemia. Since the beginning of 2016, cases of tularemia have seemed to accumulate within the brown hare population in Baden-Wuerttemberg (BW). Simultaneously, the number of human infections has also risen compared to previous years. Natural emergence or re-emergence of tularemia can appear in susceptible populations at any time. Knowledge about the actual occurrence and spreading of tularemia is essential to inform health professionals and risk groups, such as hunters, forest workers and farmers in endemic areas. Therefore, we assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of tularemia in brown hares and wild rabbits in BW, retrospectively based on results obtained from cultural and molecular investigations during routine diagnosis, including 179 brown hares (55 positive animals) and ten wild rabbits (0 positive animals), which were randomly found moribund or dead between January 2010 and June 2016. In addition we assessed surveillance data from notified human cases during the same time period. Our data suggest that tularemia is endemic in BW due to an annual and widespread occurrence. Furthermore, tularemia occurs with seasonal peaks in spring and autumn, in particular in October. There are counties where tularemia was observed in both humans and brown hares; however, there are regions with no coincidence of cases in humans and brown hares, suggesting that other reservoirs such as insects or ticks may play a relevant role as vectors. The results of the present study suggest that tularemia is an endemic zoonosis in BW which poses a permanent infection risk to humans.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79419027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infected herds is the first step in paratuberculosis control. Bulk milk or pooled milk sampling is a widely used, cost-effective approach for the surveillance of infectious diseases in dairy cattle. Due to insufficient data about the diagnostic performance, it has rarely been exploited for paratuberculosis. Using a logistic regression model, threshold levels of the apparent within-pool prevalence (WPPapp) were determined for the identification of paratuberculosis positive herds by antibody detection in pools of 50 individual milk samples, which is a usual pool size. A total of 73 milk pools were prepared, 50 from two MAP-positive and 23 from one MAP-non-suspect herds. Four different commercial ELISAs were used. WPPapp was estimated independently based on antibody positive individual milk or serum samples and on positive faecal culture. Antibody detection resulted in lower WPPapp estimates than faecal culture (FWPPapp) and tended to underestimate true prevalence. For pooled milk testing, cut-off values of the four ELISAs were revised to ensure 99% specificity and high sensitivity. For 50% probability of detection, FWPPapp thresholds of 8.9–16.3% were determined, increasing to 20.0–37.8% for 95% probability of detection. The results underline that antibody detection in pools of 50 individual milk samples or bulk tank milk from herds ≤ 50 cows allows only the identification of herds with a very high prevalence of MAP-shedders. In control programs this can be the first step to identify the most affected herds. However, it is ineffective for prevalence investigations, surveillance programs and certification.
{"title":"Within-pool prevalence limits for the identification of paratuberculosis infected herds using antibody detection in pooled milk samples","authors":"H. Köhler, M. Ziller, F. Gierke, K. Donat","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16019","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infected herds is the first step in paratuberculosis control. Bulk milk or pooled milk sampling is a widely used, cost-effective approach for the surveillance of infectious diseases in dairy cattle. Due to insufficient data about the diagnostic performance, it has rarely been exploited for paratuberculosis. Using a logistic regression model, threshold levels of the apparent within-pool prevalence (WPPapp) were determined for the identification of paratuberculosis positive herds by antibody detection in pools of 50 individual milk samples, which is a usual pool size. A total of 73 milk pools were prepared, 50 from two MAP-positive and 23 from one MAP-non-suspect herds. Four different commercial ELISAs were used. WPPapp was estimated independently based on antibody positive individual milk or serum samples and on positive faecal culture. Antibody detection resulted in lower WPPapp estimates than faecal culture (FWPPapp) and tended to underestimate true prevalence. For pooled milk testing, cut-off values of the four ELISAs were revised to ensure 99% specificity and high sensitivity. For 50% probability of detection, FWPPapp thresholds of 8.9–16.3% were determined, increasing to 20.0–37.8% for 95% probability of detection. The results underline that antibody detection in pools of 50 individual milk samples or bulk tank milk from herds ≤ 50 cows allows only the identification of herds with a very high prevalence of MAP-shedders. In control programs this can be the first step to identify the most affected herds. However, it is ineffective for prevalence investigations, surveillance programs and certification.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87368792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malin Hemme, A. Käsbohrer, C. Münchhausen, M. Hartmann, R. Merle, L. Kreienbrock
In Deutschland wird die Abgabe bzw. der Verbrauch von Antibiotika in der Nutztierhaltung kontinuierlich erfasst. Hierzu dienen unter anderem die nach Arzneimittelgesetz verpflichtende Dokumentation in der behordlichen HI-Tier Datenbank, die Dokumentation innerhalb des privatwirtschaftlichen Systems der Firma QS Qualitat und Sicherheit GmbH aber auch wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen wie das Projekt VetCAb („Veterinary Consumption of Antibiotics“) oder andere bestandsspezifische Untersuchungen. Diese Systeme berechnen die Haufigkeit des Antibiotikaeinsatzes uber die Therapiehaufigkeit oder aquivalente Maszahlen, die jedoch in jedem System unterschiedlich definiert werden. Da haufig keine detaillierte Beschreibung der genutzten Maszahl angefuhrt wird, kommt es bei der Interpretation immer wieder zu Missverstandnissen. Um eine Ubersicht uber die verwendeten Begriffe zu erhalten, werden vier der in Deutschland angewendeten Maszahlen und die dazugehorigen Grosen beschrieben: der Tierbehandlungsindex, der Therapieindex nach Definition der Fa. QS Qualitat und Sicherheit GmbH, die Therapiehaufigkeit nach Festlegung des Arzneimittelgesetzes sowie die Therapiehaufigkeit, die im Rahmen des Projektes VetCAb zur Anwendung kommt. Durch den Vergleich der Definitionen der Maszahlen sowie einzelner genutzter Variablen wird deutlich, dass in den errechneten Zielgrosen (nummerische) Unterschiede bestehen konnen und somit ein direkter Vergleich der vier Maszahlen nicht statthaft ist. Alle Maszahlen sind jedoch innerhalb des jeweiligen Systems geeignet, Trends zu analysieren und zu vergleichen.
在德国，抗生素的生产/消费在畜牧养殖中一直被登记。对此服务后,除其他外,Arzneimittelgesetz必修课文件中behordlichen HI-Tier数据库,文件系统的内部私人公司QS Qualitat和安全公司也有科学研究项目VetCAb (Veterinary Consumption of Antibiotics)或其他bestandsspezifische .调查系统计算出大量的抗生素剂量，和治疗方法或麻疹，但每个系统定义都是不同的。haufger没有对使用过的马斯数进行详细描述，在解读上总是会有错误。为了得到最新的了解并了解这些名词导致的失望现象，解释了德国仅可用的四种惩罚手段，并指出了它们的关联因素:动物治疗指数、根据移位定义的治疗识入率。多年来，国际公认的成功。多年来，全球卫生组织一直在致力于保护和治疗。通过比较麻疹的定义及充裕的变量，通过计算出的目标范围不同，因而无法直接比较这四种麻疹。但是，在任何一个系统内，所有麻疹数据都可以分析并比较趋势。
{"title":"Unterschiede in der Berechnung des betriebsbezogenen Antibiotika-Einsatzes in Monitoringsystemen in Deutschland – eine Übersicht","authors":"Malin Hemme, A. Käsbohrer, C. Münchhausen, M. Hartmann, R. Merle, L. Kreienbrock","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16065","url":null,"abstract":"In Deutschland wird die Abgabe bzw. der Verbrauch von Antibiotika in der Nutztierhaltung kontinuierlich erfasst. Hierzu dienen unter anderem die nach Arzneimittelgesetz verpflichtende Dokumentation in der behordlichen HI-Tier Datenbank, die Dokumentation innerhalb des privatwirtschaftlichen Systems der Firma QS Qualitat und Sicherheit GmbH aber auch wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen wie das Projekt VetCAb („Veterinary Consumption of Antibiotics“) oder andere bestandsspezifische Untersuchungen. Diese Systeme berechnen die Haufigkeit des Antibiotikaeinsatzes uber die Therapiehaufigkeit oder aquivalente Maszahlen, die jedoch in jedem System unterschiedlich definiert werden. Da haufig keine detaillierte Beschreibung der genutzten Maszahl angefuhrt wird, kommt es bei der Interpretation immer wieder zu Missverstandnissen. Um eine Ubersicht uber die verwendeten Begriffe zu erhalten, werden vier der in Deutschland angewendeten Maszahlen und die dazugehorigen Grosen beschrieben: der Tierbehandlungsindex, der Therapieindex nach Definition der Fa. QS Qualitat und Sicherheit GmbH, die Therapiehaufigkeit nach Festlegung des Arzneimittelgesetzes sowie die Therapiehaufigkeit, die im Rahmen des Projektes VetCAb zur Anwendung kommt. Durch den Vergleich der Definitionen der Maszahlen sowie einzelner genutzter Variablen wird deutlich, dass in den errechneten Zielgrosen (nummerische) Unterschiede bestehen konnen und somit ein direkter Vergleich der vier Maszahlen nicht statthaft ist. Alle Maszahlen sind jedoch innerhalb des jeweiligen Systems geeignet, Trends zu analysieren und zu vergleichen.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85937633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Zeiler, M. Hanemann, Hubert Reszler, J. Duda, D. Sprengel, K.-U. Götz, G. Knubben-Schweizer, C. Sauter-Louis
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the housing systems loose house (LH) and tie stall (TS) on claw health and the effect on the milk production for dairy cows of the breed Fleckvieh. 35 Bavarian farms participated in the study, comprising 1435 Fleckvieh cows in total. 100 -day performance was observed by 333 cows, the 305 -day performance in 289 cows. The evaluation of claw health was part of the regular claw care. Documentation was done according to the commonly applied diagnosis code of the German Agricultural Society (Deutsche Landwirtschafts Gesellschaft, DLG). The diagnosed claw health conditions were graded according to the DLG-scheme: grade 1 (low), grade 2 (medium) and grade 3 (severe), whereby the proportion of cows in grade 3 was very low (about 6%). Milk production records were provided from routine performance recording. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance. The percentage of affected animals kept in loose houses was significantly higher than the one of the animals kept in tie stalls (LH 79.3%, TS 62.6%). In both farming systems white-line-disease (LH 40.3%, TS 33.2%) and laminitis (LH 34.7%, TS 26.8%) were most prevalent. Milk production of LH-animals was significantly affected by claw health status. A significantly lower 100 -day performance was observed in animals with moderate to severe claw disorders compared to healthy animals (around 480 kg milk/first hundred days). Claw skin diseases caused a stronger decrease than claw horn diseases (skin: 600 kg milk, horn: 360 kg milk). Claw health status also had an effect on the 305 - days milk yield: For severe claw disorders a difference of - 1135 kg of milk per 305 - day milk yield could be registered. Again, claw skin diseases led to a higher reduction than claw horn diseases (-949 kg of milk or 522 kg of milk). The milk yield of affected animals housed in TS also tended to be inferior to that of healthy animals, but the effects were statistically not significant (-448 kg milk).
{"title":"Erfassung der Klauengesundheit in Anbinde- und Laufställen von bayerischen Fleckviehkuhherden und deren Auswirkung auf die Milchleistung","authors":"E. Zeiler, M. Hanemann, Hubert Reszler, J. Duda, D. Sprengel, K.-U. Götz, G. Knubben-Schweizer, C. Sauter-Louis","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16038","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the housing systems loose house (LH) and tie stall (TS) on claw health and the effect on the milk production for dairy cows of the breed Fleckvieh. 35 Bavarian farms participated in the study, comprising 1435 Fleckvieh cows in total. 100 -day performance was observed by 333 cows, the 305 -day performance in 289 cows. The evaluation of claw health was part of the regular claw care. Documentation was done according to the commonly applied diagnosis code of the German Agricultural Society (Deutsche Landwirtschafts Gesellschaft, DLG). The diagnosed claw health conditions were graded according to the DLG-scheme: grade 1 (low), grade 2 (medium) and grade 3 (severe), whereby the proportion of cows in grade 3 was very low (about 6%). Milk production records were provided from routine performance recording. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance. The percentage of affected animals kept in loose houses was significantly higher than the one of the animals kept in tie stalls (LH 79.3%, TS 62.6%). In both farming systems white-line-disease (LH 40.3%, TS 33.2%) and laminitis (LH 34.7%, TS 26.8%) were most prevalent. Milk production of LH-animals was significantly affected by claw health status. A significantly lower 100 -day performance was observed in animals with moderate to severe claw disorders compared to healthy animals (around 480 kg milk/first hundred days). Claw skin diseases caused a stronger decrease than claw horn diseases (skin: 600 kg milk, horn: 360 kg milk). Claw health status also had an effect on the 305 - days milk yield: For severe claw disorders a difference of - 1135 kg of milk per 305 - day milk yield could be registered. Again, claw skin diseases led to a higher reduction than claw horn diseases (-949 kg of milk or 522 kg of milk). The milk yield of affected animals housed in TS also tended to be inferior to that of healthy animals, but the effects were statistically not significant (-448 kg milk).","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74372122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Portal vein thrombosis has been rarely described in the dog. It had been associated with hepathopathy, nephropathy, steroid administration, immune mediated anaemia, pancreatitis, neoplasia and vasculitis due to chronic ehrlichiosis. This is the first description of treatment of portal vein thrombosis after abdominal surgery using dalteparin and phenprocoumon in a dog. Portal vein thrombosis developed after "repair of diaphragmatic hernia and small bowel resection in an eight month old Irish-Setter. Thrombosis resulted in ascites formation, portal hypertension, formation of pleural effusion and pancreatic oedema and was treated using dalteparin and phenprocoumon. A loading dose of 0.14 mg/kg BW phenprocoumon once daily on five consecutive days resulted in remarkable changes of the prothrombin time (PT) exceeding the target range. Fortunately, no obvious bleeding or other substantial side effects were observed. The dog showed complete recovery and full re-canalisation of the portal vein was achieved within 19 days. In conclusion, use of phenprocoumon in dogs must be closely monitored with PT and a reduced loading dose should be used in future cases.
{"title":"Successful treatment of acute portal vein thrombosis after upper abdominal surgery in an Irish-Setter using dalteparin and phenprocoumon","authors":"M. Nolff, S. Hungerbühler, R. Mischke","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-15101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-15101","url":null,"abstract":"Portal vein thrombosis has been rarely described in the dog. It had been associated with hepathopathy, nephropathy, steroid administration, immune mediated anaemia, pancreatitis, neoplasia and vasculitis due to chronic ehrlichiosis. This is the first description of treatment of portal vein thrombosis after abdominal surgery using dalteparin and phenprocoumon in a dog. Portal vein thrombosis developed after \"repair of diaphragmatic hernia and small bowel resection in an eight month old Irish-Setter. Thrombosis resulted in ascites formation, portal hypertension, formation of pleural effusion and pancreatic oedema and was treated using dalteparin and phenprocoumon. A loading dose of 0.14 mg/kg BW phenprocoumon once daily on five consecutive days resulted in remarkable changes of the prothrombin time (PT) exceeding the target range. Fortunately, no obvious bleeding or other substantial side effects were observed. The dog showed complete recovery and full re-canalisation of the portal vein was achieved within 19 days. In conclusion, use of phenprocoumon in dogs must be closely monitored with PT and a reduced loading dose should be used in future cases.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74839775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Leban-Danzl, K. Hartmann, M. Majzoub-Altweck, W. Hermanns, C. Sauter-Louis, J. Hein
This retrospective study evaluated the sensitivity and clinical importance of liver parameters (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase [AP], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], glutamate dehydrogenase [GLDH], γ-glutamyltransferase [GGT], glucose, albumin, total protein, bilirubin, and urea) for diagnosing hepatopathies (hepatic lipidosis, inflammation, diseases of the bile duct, neoplasia, cirrhosis, fibrosis, other liver diseases) in rabbits. The laboratory results of 77 rabbits with hepatopathies diagnosed via cytological or histopathological examination were investigated by assessing frequency distributions, associations between liver parameters and different hepatopathies, and intercorrelations between parameters. The most frequent liver disease was hepatic lipidosis (40/77), followed by inflammation (3/77). Aspartate aminotransferase was the parameter most commonly increased (n = 20/77, 70.0% above the reference interval), whereas AP activity never exceeded the reference interval. Significant (p 0.9) were found between AST/ALT, GGT/ALT, GGT/AST, and bilirubin/GGT, and significant but lower correlations (p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.–0.9) were detected for GLDH/ALT, and GLDH/AST. The study showed that AST, GLDH, ALT, and GGT, in contrast to AP, represent suitable parameters for detecting hepatopathies in rabbits.
{"title":"Sensitivity of liver parameters in diagnosing liver diseases in rabbits","authors":"A. Leban-Danzl, K. Hartmann, M. Majzoub-Altweck, W. Hermanns, C. Sauter-Louis, J. Hein","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-15108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-15108","url":null,"abstract":"This retrospective study evaluated the sensitivity and clinical importance of liver parameters (alanine aminotransferase [ALT], alkaline phosphatase [AP], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], glutamate dehydrogenase [GLDH], γ-glutamyltransferase [GGT], glucose, albumin, total protein, bilirubin, and urea) for diagnosing hepatopathies (hepatic lipidosis, inflammation, diseases of the bile duct, neoplasia, cirrhosis, fibrosis, other liver diseases) in rabbits. The laboratory results of 77 rabbits with hepatopathies diagnosed via cytological or histopathological examination were investigated by assessing frequency distributions, associations between liver parameters and different hepatopathies, and intercorrelations between parameters. The most frequent liver disease was hepatic lipidosis (40/77), followed by inflammation (3/77). Aspartate aminotransferase was the parameter most commonly increased (n = 20/77, 70.0% above the reference interval), whereas AP activity never exceeded the reference interval. Significant (p 0.9) were found between AST/ALT, GGT/ALT, GGT/AST, and bilirubin/GGT, and significant but lower correlations (p ≤ 0.001, r = 0.–0.9) were detected for GLDH/ALT, and GLDH/AST. The study showed that AST, GLDH, ALT, and GGT, in contrast to AP, represent suitable parameters for detecting hepatopathies in rabbits.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87598256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine Klaus, D. Hoffmann, B. Hoffmann, M. Beer
Die Fruhsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) ist in Europa und Teilen Asiens die bedeutendste durch Zecken ubertragene virale Zoonose mit mehreren Tausend humanen Erkrankungen pro Jahr allein in Europa. FSME-Viren werden meist via Zeckenstich ubertragen, allerdings sind auch alimentare Infektionen uber die Rohmilch viramischer Schafe, Ziegen oder Kuhe oder daraus hergestellter Produkte moglich. Der derzeitige Wissensstand zu FSME-Virus-Infektionen beim Tier wird bezuglich des klinischen Bildes, der Differenzialdiagnose, der Labordiagnostik und der epidemiologischen Bedeutung dargestellt. Zusatzlich werden Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit dieser bei Tieren zwar seltenen, aber dennoch auch im Hinblick auf den Schutz der Verbraucher beachtenswerten Erkrankung gegeben.
{"title":"Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis-Virus-Infektionen bei Tieren – Klinik, Diagnostik und epidemiologische Bedeutung","authors":"Christine Klaus, D. Hoffmann, B. Hoffmann, M. Beer","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-16062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-16062","url":null,"abstract":"Die Fruhsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) ist in Europa und Teilen Asiens die bedeutendste durch Zecken ubertragene virale Zoonose mit mehreren Tausend humanen Erkrankungen pro Jahr allein in Europa. FSME-Viren werden meist via Zeckenstich ubertragen, allerdings sind auch alimentare Infektionen uber die Rohmilch viramischer Schafe, Ziegen oder Kuhe oder daraus hergestellter Produkte moglich. Der derzeitige Wissensstand zu FSME-Virus-Infektionen beim Tier wird bezuglich des klinischen Bildes, der Differenzialdiagnose, der Labordiagnostik und der epidemiologischen Bedeutung dargestellt. Zusatzlich werden Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit dieser bei Tieren zwar seltenen, aber dennoch auch im Hinblick auf den Schutz der Verbraucher beachtenswerten Erkrankung gegeben.","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83448648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the autumn 2013, the National Reference Laboratory for coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS) including Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (NRL-Staph) at the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment has organized its first interlaboratory profiency testing (ILPT) trial for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) types SEA to SEE in food. The purpose of the ILPT was to assess the analytical competence of the official laboratories of the Federal German “Lander” authorities. Moreover, it was the intention to gain an overview of the standard methods implemented in the participating laboratories for the purpose of SE detection in food. Five cream cheese samples at three different contamination levels (blank, low, and high) were sent to each participant. In total, 15 laboratories participated to the ILPT: 14 laboratories from 11 Federal German “Lander”, and the European Reference Laboratory for CPS including S. aureus (EU-RL for CPS). Data sets from 14 participating laboratories were included in the analysis. Overall, a specificity of 100% (14/14 true negative results), a sensitivity of 55% (31/56 true positive results), and an accuracy of 64% (45/60 true results) was achieved. The majority of participants (9/15) used other analytical methods for the detection of SE in food than the suggested European Screening Method (ESM) v5. To conclude on the ILPT in general it is to state that the majority of participating laboratories failed to correctly identify SE-low-contaminated samples. Further efforts are necessary to improve the analytical capacity and sensitivity as regards the detection of SE in food in Germany
2013年秋季，联邦风险评估研究所的凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌(CPS)国家参考实验室(包括金黄色葡萄球菌(s) (NRL-Staph))组织了第一次实验室间能力测试(ILPT)试验，以检测食品中葡萄球菌肠毒素(SE)类型SEA到SEE。测试的目的是评估德国联邦“州”当局官方实验室的分析能力。此外，它的目的是获得在参与实验室实施的食品SE检测的标准方法的概述。五份不同污染水平(空白、低和高)的奶油奶酪样品被送到每位参与者手中。共有15个实验室参加了ILPT:来自11个联邦德国“州”的14个实验室，以及包括金黄色葡萄球菌在内的欧洲CPS参考实验室(EU-RL for CPS)。来自14个参与实验室的数据集被纳入分析。总体而言，特异性为100%(14/14真阴性结果)，敏感性为55%(31/56真阳性结果)，准确性为64%(45/60真结果)。大多数参与者(9/15)使用其他分析方法来检测食品中的SE，而不是建议的欧洲筛选方法(ESM) v5。总的来说，对于ILPT的结论是，大多数参与的实验室未能正确识别低硒污染的样品。德国食品中硒的检测能力和灵敏度有待进一步提高
{"title":"Laborvergleichsuntersuchung zum Nachweis von Staphylokokken-Enterotoxinen der Typen SEA-SEE im Lebensmittel in Deutschland im Jahr 2013","authors":"A. Fetsch, K. Steege, D. Leeser, G. Krause","doi":"10.2376/0005-9366-15047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2376/0005-9366-15047","url":null,"abstract":"In the autumn 2013, the National Reference Laboratory for coagulase positive staphylococci (CPS) including Staphylococcus (S.) aureus (NRL-Staph) at the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment has organized its first interlaboratory profiency testing (ILPT) trial for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) types SEA to SEE in food. The purpose of the ILPT was to assess the analytical competence of the official laboratories of the Federal German “Lander” authorities. Moreover, it was the intention to gain an overview of the standard methods implemented in the participating laboratories for the purpose of SE detection in food. Five cream cheese samples at three different contamination levels (blank, low, and high) were sent to each participant. In total, 15 laboratories participated to the ILPT: 14 laboratories from 11 Federal German “Lander”, and the European Reference Laboratory for CPS including S. aureus (EU-RL for CPS). Data sets from 14 participating laboratories were included in the analysis. Overall, a specificity of 100% (14/14 true negative results), a sensitivity of 55% (31/56 true positive results), and an accuracy of 64% (45/60 true results) was achieved. The majority of participants (9/15) used other analytical methods for the detection of SE in food than the suggested European Screening Method (ESM) v5. To conclude on the ILPT in general it is to state that the majority of participating laboratories failed to correctly identify SE-low-contaminated samples. Further efforts are necessary to improve the analytical capacity and sensitivity as regards the detection of SE in food in Germany","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77442160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdelfattah Selim, Mahmoud Elhaig, Jennifer Höche, Wolfgang Gaede
In this study an outbreak with Sheeppox virus (SPPV) and Orf virus (ORFV) in one sheep herd in the Qalubia province, Egypt, was investigated. Both, SPPV and ORFV caused clinically manifest infections among sheep. The affected sheep showed skin lesions around the mouth or all over the body. Therefore, reliable diagnosis should confirm the aetiology of the infection and then reduce spread of the diseases in the affected areas. Clinical samples were investigated by virus isolation, PCR and real-time PCR assays. Furthermore, PCR-products of SPPV and ORFV isolates were sequenced and alignment to reference isolates was performed for phylogenetic analyses. The laboratory diagnosis showed that real-time PCR assay was more accurate and sensitive than conventional PCR and virus isolation. In phylogenetic analysis of the A29L gene genetic differences between SPPV field strains were not observed and the strains showed 100% homology with two SPPV isolates from Kazakhstan and one isolate from Turkey. The ORFV field strains are in the P55 gene genetically distinct from another and from other published isolates from Egypt 2006 and 2009.
{"title":"Molecular detection and analysis of Sheeppox and Orf viruses isolated from sheep from Qalubia, Egypt.","authors":"Abdelfattah Selim, Mahmoud Elhaig, Jennifer Höche, Wolfgang Gaede","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study an outbreak with Sheeppox virus (SPPV) and Orf virus (ORFV) in one sheep herd in the Qalubia province, Egypt, was investigated. Both, SPPV and ORFV caused clinically manifest infections among sheep. The affected sheep showed skin lesions around the mouth or all over the body. Therefore, reliable diagnosis should confirm the aetiology of the infection and then reduce spread of the diseases in the affected areas. Clinical samples were investigated by virus isolation, PCR and real-time PCR assays. Furthermore, PCR-products of SPPV and ORFV isolates were sequenced and alignment to reference isolates was performed for phylogenetic analyses. The laboratory diagnosis showed that real-time PCR assay was more accurate and sensitive than conventional PCR and virus isolation. In phylogenetic analysis of the A29L gene genetic differences between SPPV field strains were not observed and the strains showed 100% homology with two SPPV isolates from Kazakhstan and one isolate from Turkey. The ORFV field strains are in the P55 gene genetically distinct from another and from other published isolates from Egypt 2006 and 2009.</p>","PeriodicalId":8761,"journal":{"name":"Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34312024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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