Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00251-9
Yazheng Li, Ahmed I. Abdo, Zhaoji Shi, Abdel-Rahman M. A. Merwad, Jiaen Zhang
Abstract Rapid development in industrialization and urbanization causes serious environmental issues, of which acid rain is one of the quintessential hazards, negatively affecting soil ecology. Liming has been investigated for a long time as the most effective amendment to alter the adverse effects of soil acidity resulting from acid rain. Herein, this study tested the biochar produced from invasive plants as an alternative amendment and hypothesized that biochar can maintain better availability of macronutrients under acid rain than liming by improving soil chemical and biological properties. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of lime and biochar at two rates (1% and 3%) on soil available nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) under simulated acid rain of two pH levels (4.5: pH 4.5 and 2.5: pH 2.5 ) as compared with tap water (pH 7.1 ) as a control treatment. Biochar was produced using different invasive plants, including Blackjack ( Biden Pilosa ), Wedelia ( Wedelia trilobata ) and Bitter Vine ( Mikania micrantha Kunth ). Liming decreased the availability of soil N, P, and K by 36.3% as compared with the control due to the great increment in soil pH and exchangeable calcium (Ca 2+ ) by 59% and 16-fold, respectively. Moreover, liming reduced the alpha diversity of soil bacteria and fungi by 27% and 11%, respectively. In contrast, biochar at different types and rates resulted in a fourfold increment in the available N, P, and K as an average under acid rain (pH 4.5 and pH 2.5 ) owing to maintaining a neutral pH (6.5–7), which is the most favorable level for soil microbial and enzymatic activites, and the bioavailability of soil nutrients. Furthermore, biochar caused balanced increments in Ca 2+ by threefold, cation exchange capacity by 45%, urease activity by 16%, and fungal diversity by 10%, while having a slight reduction in bacterial diversity by 2.5%. Based on the path, correlation, and principal component analyses, the exchangeable aluminum was a moderator for the reductions in macronutrients’ availability under acid rain, which decreased by 40% and 35% under liming and biochar, respectively. This study strongly recommended the use of biochar from invasive plants instead of lime for sustainable improvements in soil properties under acid rain. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Biochar derived from invasive plants improved the pH, macronutrient availability and biological properties better than liming for acid rain-affected soil","authors":"Yazheng Li, Ahmed I. Abdo, Zhaoji Shi, Abdel-Rahman M. A. Merwad, Jiaen Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00251-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00251-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rapid development in industrialization and urbanization causes serious environmental issues, of which acid rain is one of the quintessential hazards, negatively affecting soil ecology. Liming has been investigated for a long time as the most effective amendment to alter the adverse effects of soil acidity resulting from acid rain. Herein, this study tested the biochar produced from invasive plants as an alternative amendment and hypothesized that biochar can maintain better availability of macronutrients under acid rain than liming by improving soil chemical and biological properties. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of lime and biochar at two rates (1% and 3%) on soil available nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) under simulated acid rain of two pH levels (4.5: pH 4.5 and 2.5: pH 2.5 ) as compared with tap water (pH 7.1 ) as a control treatment. Biochar was produced using different invasive plants, including Blackjack ( Biden Pilosa ), Wedelia ( Wedelia trilobata ) and Bitter Vine ( Mikania micrantha Kunth ). Liming decreased the availability of soil N, P, and K by 36.3% as compared with the control due to the great increment in soil pH and exchangeable calcium (Ca 2+ ) by 59% and 16-fold, respectively. Moreover, liming reduced the alpha diversity of soil bacteria and fungi by 27% and 11%, respectively. In contrast, biochar at different types and rates resulted in a fourfold increment in the available N, P, and K as an average under acid rain (pH 4.5 and pH 2.5 ) owing to maintaining a neutral pH (6.5–7), which is the most favorable level for soil microbial and enzymatic activites, and the bioavailability of soil nutrients. Furthermore, biochar caused balanced increments in Ca 2+ by threefold, cation exchange capacity by 45%, urease activity by 16%, and fungal diversity by 10%, while having a slight reduction in bacterial diversity by 2.5%. Based on the path, correlation, and principal component analyses, the exchangeable aluminum was a moderator for the reductions in macronutrients’ availability under acid rain, which decreased by 40% and 35% under liming and biochar, respectively. This study strongly recommended the use of biochar from invasive plants instead of lime for sustainable improvements in soil properties under acid rain. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Drying and rewetting (DRW) events cause the release of colloidal phosphorus (P coll , 1–1000 nm) in leachate, and biochar is considered an effective inhibitor; however, the microbial mechanism remains elusive. In this study, three successive DRW cycles were performed on the soil columns to assess the effect of biochar addition on P coll content and its possible associates, including phosphatase-producing microbial populations ( phoD - and phoC -harboring microbial communities) and alkaline/acid phosphatase (ALP/ACP) activities. Results showed that the biochar addition significantly decreased the P coll by 15.5–32.1% during three DRW cycles. The structural equation model (SEM) confirmed that biochar addition increased phoD- and phoC -harboring microbial communities and ALP/ACP activities, which reduces the release of P coll into leachate. In addition, the manure biochar was more effective than the straw biochar in promoting competition and cooperation in the co-occurrence network (2–5% nodes increased on average), and the key taxa Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were identified as the dominant species of potential ALP/ACP activities and P coll content. Our findings provide a novel understanding of biochar reducing P coll loss from the phosphatase perspective by regulating the phoD - and phoC -harboring communities during DRW events. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Biochar reduces colloidal phosphorus in leachate by regulating phoD- and phoC-harboring microbial communities during drying/rewetting cycles","authors":"Xiaochun Wang, Hongnuo Ge, Yunying Fang, Chunlong Liu, Kamel M. Eltohamy, Zekai Wang, Xinqiang Liang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00262-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00262-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drying and rewetting (DRW) events cause the release of colloidal phosphorus (P coll , 1–1000 nm) in leachate, and biochar is considered an effective inhibitor; however, the microbial mechanism remains elusive. In this study, three successive DRW cycles were performed on the soil columns to assess the effect of biochar addition on P coll content and its possible associates, including phosphatase-producing microbial populations ( phoD - and phoC -harboring microbial communities) and alkaline/acid phosphatase (ALP/ACP) activities. Results showed that the biochar addition significantly decreased the P coll by 15.5–32.1% during three DRW cycles. The structural equation model (SEM) confirmed that biochar addition increased phoD- and phoC -harboring microbial communities and ALP/ACP activities, which reduces the release of P coll into leachate. In addition, the manure biochar was more effective than the straw biochar in promoting competition and cooperation in the co-occurrence network (2–5% nodes increased on average), and the key taxa Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria were identified as the dominant species of potential ALP/ACP activities and P coll content. Our findings provide a novel understanding of biochar reducing P coll loss from the phosphatase perspective by regulating the phoD - and phoC -harboring communities during DRW events. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Soil harbors a huge diversity of microorganisms and serves as the ecological and social foundation of human civilization. Hence, soil health management is of utmost and consistent importance, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. One of the most hazardous contaminants in soil matrix is potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which can cause stress in soil indigenous microorganisms and severely jeopardize soil health. Biochar technology has emerged as a promising means to alleviate PTE toxicity and benefit soil health management. Current literature has broadly integrated knowledge about the potential consequences of biochar-amended soil but has focused more on the physical and chemical responses of the soil system than microbiological attributes. In consideration of the indispensable roles of soil microbials, this paper first introduces PTE-induced stresses on soil microbials and then proposes the mechanisms of biochar’s effects on soil microbials. Finally, microbial responses including variations in abundance, interspecific relationships, community composition and biological functions in biochar-amended soil are critically reviewed. This review thus aims to provide a comprehensive scientific view on the effect of biochar on soil microbiological health and its management. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Microbial responses towards biochar application in potentially toxic element (PTE) contaminated soil: a critical review on effects and potential mechanisms","authors":"Xiao Yang, Miao You, Siyan Liu, Binoy Sarkar, Zhaoshu Liu, Xiulan Yan","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00255-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00255-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Soil harbors a huge diversity of microorganisms and serves as the ecological and social foundation of human civilization. Hence, soil health management is of utmost and consistent importance, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. One of the most hazardous contaminants in soil matrix is potentially toxic elements (PTEs), which can cause stress in soil indigenous microorganisms and severely jeopardize soil health. Biochar technology has emerged as a promising means to alleviate PTE toxicity and benefit soil health management. Current literature has broadly integrated knowledge about the potential consequences of biochar-amended soil but has focused more on the physical and chemical responses of the soil system than microbiological attributes. In consideration of the indispensable roles of soil microbials, this paper first introduces PTE-induced stresses on soil microbials and then proposes the mechanisms of biochar’s effects on soil microbials. Finally, microbial responses including variations in abundance, interspecific relationships, community composition and biological functions in biochar-amended soil are critically reviewed. This review thus aims to provide a comprehensive scientific view on the effect of biochar on soil microbiological health and its management. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00250-w
Xiheng Kang, Zi You, Jian Peng, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Jingdong Pang, Peitao Zhao, Yongjun Yin, Xueping Song
{"title":"Synthesis of Mg–K-biochar bimetallic catalyst and its evaluation of glucose isomerization","authors":"Xiheng Kang, Zi You, Jian Peng, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Jingdong Pang, Peitao Zhao, Yongjun Yin, Xueping Song","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00250-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00250-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84635750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00254-6
Dongyang Li, Yi Xiao, Beidou Xi, T. Gong, Ting Zhang, Nan Huang, Wenxuan Li, Tianxue Yang
{"title":"Enhanced phenol removal by permanganate with biogas residue biochar: catalytic role of in-situ formation of manganese dioxide and activation of biochar","authors":"Dongyang Li, Yi Xiao, Beidou Xi, T. Gong, Ting Zhang, Nan Huang, Wenxuan Li, Tianxue Yang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00254-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00254-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"60 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84004493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00252-8
Z. Khan, Xujian Yang, You-qiang Fu, S. Joseph, Mohammad Nauman Khan, Muhammad Ayoub Khan, I. Alam, Hong Shen
{"title":"Engineered biochar improves nitrogen use efficiency via stabilizing soil water-stable macroaggregates and enhancing nitrogen transformation","authors":"Z. Khan, Xujian Yang, You-qiang Fu, S. Joseph, Mohammad Nauman Khan, Muhammad Ayoub Khan, I. Alam, Hong Shen","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00252-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00252-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"111 1","pages":"1-37"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79297331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00249-3
Zhu Wei, Yaxi Xu, Yining Wei, Yang Liu, Shuaifang Niu, J. Wang
{"title":"Application of magnesium and biosurfactant functionalized biochar composite in treating cyanobacteria in phosphorus and crude oil contaminated water","authors":"Zhu Wei, Yaxi Xu, Yining Wei, Yang Liu, Shuaifang Niu, J. Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00249-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00249-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75497194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1007/s42773-023-00229-7
Chao Chen, Kang Sun, Chen Huang, Mengmei Yang, Mengmeng Fan, Ao Wang, Gaoyue Zhang, Bei Li, Jianchun Jiang, Wei Xu, Junli Liu
{"title":"Investigation on the mechanism of structural reconstruction of biochars derived from lignin and cellulose during graphitization under high temperature","authors":"Chao Chen, Kang Sun, Chen Huang, Mengmei Yang, Mengmeng Fan, Ao Wang, Gaoyue Zhang, Bei Li, Jianchun Jiang, Wei Xu, Junli Liu","doi":"10.1007/s42773-023-00229-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42773-023-00229-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8789,"journal":{"name":"Biochar","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82234463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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