Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701343723
J. Rhodes
Purpose: To illustrate the hypothesis that alterations in mucosal glycosylation, particularly O‐glycosylation, may result in altered interaction with carbohydrate‐binding proteins (lectins) in the diet.Design & methods: A summary of recent literature focussing on work by the author's group demonstrating in vitro and in vivo lectin–epithelial interactions, particularly in the colonic epithelium.Results: Similar alterations in O‐glycosylation occur in the colonic epithelium in inflammatory diseases and in cancer. They include shortening of O‐glycans and increased expression of onco‐fetal carbohydrate antigens. Peanut lectin, which selectively binds the TF antigen, is shown to survive transit through the intestine and to cause significantly increased epithelial proliferation. Other lectins inhibit proliferation, e.g. edible mushroom lectin which becomes internalised and blocks nuclear‐localising‐sequence‐dependent nuclear protein import.Conclusions: Intestinal epithelial glycosylation is commonly altered in ...
{"title":"The role of intestinal glycosylation in determining individual responses to foods in inflammatory and neoplastic bowel diseases","authors":"J. Rhodes","doi":"10.1080/13590840701343723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701343723","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To illustrate the hypothesis that alterations in mucosal glycosylation, particularly O‐glycosylation, may result in altered interaction with carbohydrate‐binding proteins (lectins) in the diet.Design & methods: A summary of recent literature focussing on work by the author's group demonstrating in vitro and in vivo lectin–epithelial interactions, particularly in the colonic epithelium.Results: Similar alterations in O‐glycosylation occur in the colonic epithelium in inflammatory diseases and in cancer. They include shortening of O‐glycans and increased expression of onco‐fetal carbohydrate antigens. Peanut lectin, which selectively binds the TF antigen, is shown to survive transit through the intestine and to cause significantly increased epithelial proliferation. Other lectins inhibit proliferation, e.g. edible mushroom lectin which becomes internalised and blocks nuclear‐localising‐sequence‐dependent nuclear protein import.Conclusions: Intestinal epithelial glycosylation is commonly altered in ...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"106-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701343723","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840601167636
C. Uneke
Purpose. To provide scientific information on geohelminth contamination of raw fruits and vegetables in Nigeria required for risk profile evaluation.Design. Laboratory research. A parasitological analysis of raw fruits and vegetables purchased from major markets.Materials and methods. Isolation of geohelminth ova from fruits and vegetables using a standard parasitological technique.Results. Of the 118 helminth ova isolated, 64 (54.2%) were Ascaris lumbicoides, 11 (9.3%) Trichuris trichiura and 43 (36.4%) hookworm. Vegetables were more contaminated than fruits (71.2%, 95% confidence interval 63.0–79.3% vs. 28.8%, 95% confidence interval 20.6–37.0%). Carrot (Daucus carota) was the most contaminated vegetable (31.0%, 95% confidence interval 21.1–40.9%) and the least contaminated was egg plant (Solanum marcrocarpon) (6.0%, 95% confidence interval 0.9–11.1%); differences were statistically significant (F ratio = 4.72, p<0.05). Of the 34 ova isolated from fruits, 30 (88.2%, 95% confidence interval 77.4–99.0%) w...
{"title":"Potential for geohelminth parasite transmission by raw fruits and vegetables in Nigeria: Implication for a risk profile","authors":"C. Uneke","doi":"10.1080/13590840601167636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840601167636","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To provide scientific information on geohelminth contamination of raw fruits and vegetables in Nigeria required for risk profile evaluation.Design. Laboratory research. A parasitological analysis of raw fruits and vegetables purchased from major markets.Materials and methods. Isolation of geohelminth ova from fruits and vegetables using a standard parasitological technique.Results. Of the 118 helminth ova isolated, 64 (54.2%) were Ascaris lumbicoides, 11 (9.3%) Trichuris trichiura and 43 (36.4%) hookworm. Vegetables were more contaminated than fruits (71.2%, 95% confidence interval 63.0–79.3% vs. 28.8%, 95% confidence interval 20.6–37.0%). Carrot (Daucus carota) was the most contaminated vegetable (31.0%, 95% confidence interval 21.1–40.9%) and the least contaminated was egg plant (Solanum marcrocarpon) (6.0%, 95% confidence interval 0.9–11.1%); differences were statistically significant (F ratio = 4.72, p<0.05). Of the 34 ova isolated from fruits, 30 (88.2%, 95% confidence interval 77.4–99.0%) w...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840601167636","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59778659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701343673
R. DiSilvestro, B. Crawford, Wenyi Zhang, Siddharth Shastri
Purpose: This study examined a widespread but largely untested hypothesis that in young adult women, increased micronutrient intake can enhance exercise‐induced changes in bone metabolism.Design: Twenty‐four female students, ages 18–24, at The Ohio State University, who had not recently done resistance exercise training, nor had habits necessarily conducive to optimal calcium or vitamin D status, did 8 weeks of resistance exercise training, and were supplemented with either placebo or a mixture of bone‐relevant micronutrients (including calcium and vitamin D).Materials and methods: Plasma and urine makers for bone metabolism were assessed before and after the 8‐week intervention.Results: Subjects on the micronutrient supplementation and the exercise regimen (N = 12), but not placebo plus exercise (N = 12), showed statistically significant encouraging changes in urinary DPD and α‐helical peptide (markers of bone degradation), plasma bone specific alkaline phosphatase (a marker of bone synthesis), plasma 25...
{"title":"Effects of micronutrient supplementation plus resistance exercise training on bone metabolism markers in young adult woman","authors":"R. DiSilvestro, B. Crawford, Wenyi Zhang, Siddharth Shastri","doi":"10.1080/13590840701343673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701343673","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study examined a widespread but largely untested hypothesis that in young adult women, increased micronutrient intake can enhance exercise‐induced changes in bone metabolism.Design: Twenty‐four female students, ages 18–24, at The Ohio State University, who had not recently done resistance exercise training, nor had habits necessarily conducive to optimal calcium or vitamin D status, did 8 weeks of resistance exercise training, and were supplemented with either placebo or a mixture of bone‐relevant micronutrients (including calcium and vitamin D).Materials and methods: Plasma and urine makers for bone metabolism were assessed before and after the 8‐week intervention.Results: Subjects on the micronutrient supplementation and the exercise regimen (N = 12), but not placebo plus exercise (N = 12), showed statistically significant encouraging changes in urinary DPD and α‐helical peptide (markers of bone degradation), plasma bone specific alkaline phosphatase (a marker of bone synthesis), plasma 25...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701343673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701352823
R. Bloch, W. Meggs
Background. The relationship of anxiety and depression to chemical sensitivity is controversial.Objective. To assess relationships between self‐reported chemical sensitivity, allergy, and medical illnesses to anxiety and depression.Design. A random dialing telephone survey was conducted.Subjects. A community sample in eastern North Carolina representing 1027 households (71% of those contacted) completed the survey.Results. Positive PRIME‐MD screens for anxiety was significantly associated with increased risk of reporting chemical sensitivity (OR = 2.71). Positive screens for anxiety were similarly associated with allergy (OR = 2.08) and with mixed medical illnesses (OR = 1.95). Depression was comparable to anxiety in its associations with chemical sensitivity (OR = 2.35) and with allergy (OR = 2.09), while it was somewhat more related to other illnesses (OR = 2.58). Positive responses to the panic question were strongly and equally associated with chemical sensitivity (OR = 3.00), with allergy (OR = 2.66)...
{"title":"Comorbidity patterns of self‐reported chemical sensitivity, allergy, and other medical illnesses with anxiety and depression","authors":"R. Bloch, W. Meggs","doi":"10.1080/13590840701352823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701352823","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The relationship of anxiety and depression to chemical sensitivity is controversial.Objective. To assess relationships between self‐reported chemical sensitivity, allergy, and medical illnesses to anxiety and depression.Design. A random dialing telephone survey was conducted.Subjects. A community sample in eastern North Carolina representing 1027 households (71% of those contacted) completed the survey.Results. Positive PRIME‐MD screens for anxiety was significantly associated with increased risk of reporting chemical sensitivity (OR = 2.71). Positive screens for anxiety were similarly associated with allergy (OR = 2.08) and with mixed medical illnesses (OR = 1.95). Depression was comparable to anxiety in its associations with chemical sensitivity (OR = 2.35) and with allergy (OR = 2.09), while it was somewhat more related to other illnesses (OR = 2.58). Positive responses to the panic question were strongly and equally associated with chemical sensitivity (OR = 3.00), with allergy (OR = 2.66)...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"136-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701352823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701343756
R. Srirajaskanthan, V. Preedy
Purpose: Excessive alcohol, defined as beyond the limits suggested by various government and statutory bodies, is damaging. This article aims to show that there may be as many as 120–200 adverse me...
{"title":"Alcohol as a toxic and disease‐forming agent: Not just the liver and brain and not every drinker","authors":"R. Srirajaskanthan, V. Preedy","doi":"10.1080/13590840701343756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701343756","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Excessive alcohol, defined as beyond the limits suggested by various government and statutory bodies, is damaging. This article aims to show that there may be as many as 120–200 adverse me...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"112-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701343756","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701804377
D. Downing
{"title":"Autism: are we entering the final straight? In memory of Bernard Rimland","authors":"D. Downing","doi":"10.1080/13590840701804377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701804377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701804377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59780329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701352740
M. Moss
Purpose: To collate evidence on nutrient deficiencies caused by drugs.Design: Search of Medline and other databases, and published literature.Materials and methods: Medline, Scirus and Google Scholar databases, journal articles and books.Results: There is evidence that many drugs, medicinal or recreational, produce deficiencies in vitamins, minerals, fatty acids and/or amino acids. Some drugs cause multiple deficiencies. They may reduce conversion of vitamins to their active forms, or inhibit the production of important metabolites. By killing beneficial bacteria in the gut, they may cause vitamin deficiency. They may reduce absorption, or cause excretion of nutrients.Conclusions: Many drugs have been identified, which appear to cause deficiencies in essential nutrients and their metabolites. Nutrients could be prescribed with drugs, to limit the damage done, provided that this does not undermine the action of the drugs. Further research is needed to confirm the results of those studies that have been car...
{"title":"Drugs as anti-nutrients","authors":"M. Moss","doi":"10.1080/13590840701352740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701352740","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To collate evidence on nutrient deficiencies caused by drugs.Design: Search of Medline and other databases, and published literature.Materials and methods: Medline, Scirus and Google Scholar databases, journal articles and books.Results: There is evidence that many drugs, medicinal or recreational, produce deficiencies in vitamins, minerals, fatty acids and/or amino acids. Some drugs cause multiple deficiencies. They may reduce conversion of vitamins to their active forms, or inhibit the production of important metabolites. By killing beneficial bacteria in the gut, they may cause vitamin deficiency. They may reduce absorption, or cause excretion of nutrients.Conclusions: Many drugs have been identified, which appear to cause deficiencies in essential nutrients and their metabolites. Nutrients could be prescribed with drugs, to limit the damage done, provided that this does not undermine the action of the drugs. Further research is needed to confirm the results of those studies that have been car...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"149-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701352740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840601167685
E. Weinberg
Purpose. To develop an overview of the kinds of disease that can be exacerbated by excessive/misplaced iron; to briefly consider mortality data on iron‐loaded persons; and to summarize methods for the prevention and therapy of iron loading.Design. Literature review.Materials and methods. A survey of clinical and research medical journals of the past decade was carried out. The diseases were categorized by medical specialty and by currently proposed types of iron association.Results. A remarkably diverse assemblage of diseases have been reported to be associated with and/or exacerbated by excessive or misplaced iron in specific tissue sites. Reduced longevity was associated with iron loading in two studies, but not in a third. Behavioral factors, as well as genetic modifiers, have been described that can result in an increase in inhaled, ingested and injected iron.Conclusions. Our present knowledge strongly indicates that methods for the reduction of iron loading could contribute considerably to the improv...
{"title":"Iron loading in humans: A risk factor for enhanced morbidity and mortality","authors":"E. Weinberg","doi":"10.1080/13590840601167685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840601167685","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To develop an overview of the kinds of disease that can be exacerbated by excessive/misplaced iron; to briefly consider mortality data on iron‐loaded persons; and to summarize methods for the prevention and therapy of iron loading.Design. Literature review.Materials and methods. A survey of clinical and research medical journals of the past decade was carried out. The diseases were categorized by medical specialty and by currently proposed types of iron association.Results. A remarkably diverse assemblage of diseases have been reported to be associated with and/or exacerbated by excessive or misplaced iron in specific tissue sites. Reduced longevity was associated with iron loading in two studies, but not in a third. Behavioral factors, as well as genetic modifiers, have been described that can result in an increase in inhaled, ingested and injected iron.Conclusions. Our present knowledge strongly indicates that methods for the reduction of iron loading could contribute considerably to the improv...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840601167685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59778977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840701703934
T. Neyestani, N. Khalaji, A. Gharavi
Background. Black tea, the most popular drink in Iran, has several polyphenolic compounds with possible antibacterial effects. Although the antimicrobial properties of green tea have already been reported, the microbiological effects of black tea have been less widely investigated. In this study, the anti‐streptococcal effects of black tea extract were evaluated and compared with those of green tea.Design. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial effects.Methods. Both black and green tea extracts were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography to compare their major polyphenol profiles. Different concentrations of the extracts or gallic acid, the abundant phenolic compound found in black tea, were used for bacterial sensitivity tests in both pour plate and disc diffusion methods. Disc diffusion was then used to evaluate the interactions between the extracts and certain anti‐streptococcal antibiotics.Results. Both black and green teas, at a concentration of 12.5 mg ml−1 after 7 hours and at 25 mg ml...
背景。红茶是伊朗最受欢迎的饮料，它含有几种可能具有抗菌作用的多酚化合物。虽然绿茶的抗菌特性已经被报道过，但红茶的微生物效应还没有被广泛研究过。本研究对红茶提取物的抗链球菌作用进行了评价，并与绿茶提取物进行了比较。体外抗菌效果评价。用高效液相色谱法对红茶和绿茶提取物进行了分析，比较了它们的主要多酚谱。不同浓度的提取物或没食子酸，在红茶中发现丰富的酚类化合物，用于细菌敏感性试验，在倾板和圆盘扩散法。然后用圆盘扩散法评价提取物与某些抗链球菌抗生素之间的相互作用。红茶和绿茶，7小时后浓度为12.5 mg ml - 1和25 mg ml…
{"title":"Black and green teas may have selective synergistic or antagonistic effects on certain antibiotics against Streptococcus pyogenes in vitro","authors":"T. Neyestani, N. Khalaji, A. Gharavi","doi":"10.1080/13590840701703934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840701703934","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Black tea, the most popular drink in Iran, has several polyphenolic compounds with possible antibacterial effects. Although the antimicrobial properties of green tea have already been reported, the microbiological effects of black tea have been less widely investigated. In this study, the anti‐streptococcal effects of black tea extract were evaluated and compared with those of green tea.Design. In vitro evaluation of antibacterial effects.Methods. Both black and green tea extracts were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography to compare their major polyphenol profiles. Different concentrations of the extracts or gallic acid, the abundant phenolic compound found in black tea, were used for bacterial sensitivity tests in both pour plate and disc diffusion methods. Disc diffusion was then used to evaluate the interactions between the extracts and certain anti‐streptococcal antibiotics.Results. Both black and green teas, at a concentration of 12.5 mg ml−1 after 7 hours and at 25 mg ml...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"258-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840701703934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59779488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-01-01DOI: 10.1080/13590840601016353
M. Clauss, C. Sauter-Louis, E. Kienzle
Purpose. It has been repeatedly speculated that a deficiency in copper (Cu) or an excessive provision with dietary manganese (Mn) could play a role in spongiform encephalopathies [bovine (BSE) and others]. Therefore, commercial cattle feeds were screened for their content of these minerals.Design. The historical development of the levels of Cu and Mn in Bavarian cattle feeds was evaluated and the levels compared with feeding recommendations.Materials and methods. We report declared Cu and Mn contents from proprietary cattle feeds sold in Bavaria between 1978 and 1998.Results. Mn contents in ruminant feeds were generally high, and there was a trend of increasing Mn levels in ruminant feeds between 1980 and 1990, which was in synchrony with an increase in internationally recommended Mn levels for ruminants. Recently, the recommendations have been modified again to lower levels.Conclusion. Although no causative connection to the occurrence of BSE can be made, the practice of high Mn supplementation of propri...
{"title":"Historical copper and manganese levels in cattle feeds in Bavaria, Germany","authors":"M. Clauss, C. Sauter-Louis, E. Kienzle","doi":"10.1080/13590840601016353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13590840601016353","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. It has been repeatedly speculated that a deficiency in copper (Cu) or an excessive provision with dietary manganese (Mn) could play a role in spongiform encephalopathies [bovine (BSE) and others]. Therefore, commercial cattle feeds were screened for their content of these minerals.Design. The historical development of the levels of Cu and Mn in Bavarian cattle feeds was evaluated and the levels compared with feeding recommendations.Materials and methods. We report declared Cu and Mn contents from proprietary cattle feeds sold in Bavaria between 1978 and 1998.Results. Mn contents in ruminant feeds were generally high, and there was a trend of increasing Mn levels in ruminant feeds between 1980 and 1990, which was in synchrony with an increase in internationally recommended Mn levels for ruminants. Recently, the recommendations have been modified again to lower levels.Conclusion. Although no causative connection to the occurrence of BSE can be made, the practice of high Mn supplementation of propri...","PeriodicalId":88013,"journal":{"name":"Journal of nutritional & environmental medicine","volume":"16 1","pages":"69-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13590840601016353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59778633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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