The Canadian child and adolescent psychiatry review = La revue canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent最新文献

Introduction: This paper provides a review of the role of the media in the development, maintenance, prevention, and treatment of eating disorders.

Method: The literature on gambling in youth on the internet was reviewed. It explores: (1) the role of the media in providing a social context for the development of eating disorders, (2) the role of the media in the etiology of eating disorder pathology, (3) the ways in which the media is used by patients suffering from eating disorders, and (4) the role that awareness of the media can have in the treatment and prevention of eating disorders.

Results: This review demonstrates that the media does contribute to the development of eating disorders.

Conclusion: This review highlights the need for media literacy and media activism to help change the current normative body discontent of women in the Western world.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the occurrence of behavioral contagion among inpatient adolescent psychiatric patients in terms of past self-harm related behaviors. Our goal was to isolate persistent self-harm behavior from self-harm behavior that could be considered truly contagious.

Method: We employed 5 years retrospective cohort study design in order to compare the occurrence of self-harm as inpatients among those with and without histories of self-harm behavior.

Results: Our results indicate that the spontaneous occurrence of self-harm among inpatients without a history of self-harm is very low. While there appears to be a group that exhibits self-harm as inpatients, the tendency in this group is more towards a reduction of the intensity or a cessation of self-harming behavior.

Conclusions: Contagious self-harm does not appear to be a problem among inpatients with long stays on psychiatric treatment units. The overall tendency among inpatient adolescent psychiatric patients, especially those among those with histories of self-harm behavior is away from self-harming behavior.

Thirty-five adolescent girls with eating disorders completed a new brief measure of motivational stage of change and decisional balance. The study supported Prochaska's model of behavioral change demonstrating that decision making was consistently related to stage of readiness to change. The girls generated their individual pros and cons of changing and rated the overall strength of pros and cons. Results showed that the strength of the pros of changing was lowest in Precontemplation and highest in Maintenance. The pros of changing primarily reflected their expectation that "taking action" against the eating disorder would improve their body function and decrease their social anxiety. The cons of changing listed reflected concern that changing would negatively affect their body appearance, and that they were fearful of changing.

Objective: To develop a renewed and innovative curricula for training and education in child and adolescent psychiatry career for track psychiatry trainees at the University of Ottawa.

Method: Faculty members who were graduates of multiple Canadian training programs, as well as current career child psychiatry trainees of the University of Ottawa program, summarized and reviewed their training and education experiences in a one day summit. This was integrated into overall directions cited by recent literature as well as positions of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

Results: A template for new curricula was developed with new focus being placed on normal development, research methodology/evidence based medicine, emergency psychiatry, psychotherapy, and cultural competence.

Conclusions: Curricula renewal is essential, possible, and appropriate in order to produce a Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist who meets the needs of the Canadian public as defined in the CanMeds 2000 project of the RCPSC.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), including Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) and related disorders such as Alcohol Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ARND) are the most common form of developmental disability and birth defects in the western world. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis by mental health professionals remains a key issue. This article reviews history, mechanisms of alcohol exposure, epidemiology, diagnosis and management of FASD.