Biologia futura最新文献

The Natura 2000 network is one of the most important tools for nature conservation in the EU. Therefore, knowledge of the ecology of the species listed on the Habitats Directive annexes is of particular relevance. One of these species is the butterfly Euphydryas aurinia. Much is already known about the ecology of this species at the European level, but information on Romania is scarce. Therefore, in a study area northwest of Cluj, the species was intensively studied in a mark-release-recapture study over its entire flight period. The investigated population harboured many individuals and had a high density. The dispersal behaviour of the individuals was somewhat more pronounced than in Mediterranean and partly also high alpine populations, but roughly comparable to other populations of the nominotypic subspecies. Overall, the ecological differences to Central and Western European populations were not very pronounced, and many of the conservation-relevant statements on this species in Central Europe should also be largely valid in Romania.

As an alternative to harmful chemical fertilizers and toward fulfilling Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, growth promoting rhizobacterial bioinoculants, emerged as potential players. These act in multifunctional ways, including seed colonization, seed germination, stress tolerance and many more, leading to proper growth and development of plants. Biopriming seeds with these beneficial multi-trait microbes is an effective way to introduce them in the soil, and this is an example of bottom-up approach of rhizosphere engineering. Using such sustainable approach is promising and, to investigate and analyze, their research trends are of prime importance. Thus, data were retrieved using Lens and Scopus databases and used for patent landscaping and citation network analysis, respectively. For patent landscaping, documents obtained using customized keyword search were broadly from the past 35 years (1987-2022) and yielded 114 patents which were manually curated in title, abstract and claims (TAC). From the year 2000, interest in this area was observed which further gained momentum from the year 2008, and a maximum peak was observed in the year 2021. Patent profile (filed, granted and published) showed an upward trend during this tenure (1987-2022). In this research article, we aim to provide an overview of current research in this field, identify research hotspots, project future development prospects and make recommendations for further research. Patent landscaping and citation network analysis were used to analyze the recent trends in biopriming approaches using microbial bioinoculants for the first time to identify progress and hotspots in the field of seed priming with PGPRs.

The importance of pollination and pollinators is easy to underestimate and impossible to overstate, since its importance goes far beyond the crop production and even the maintenance of plant populations. Most terrestrial ecosystems ultimately depend on the plant-pollinator interactions formed by million years coevolution. This is essential for both the daily functioning of the ecosystems and the long-term development of biodiversity. At the same time, the loss of biodiversity caused by climate change and human activities will soon lead to an ecological crisis, a catastrophe, which could endanger our life: For example, through the decline and loss of various ecosystem services. Such may be the pollination crisis, resulted from a significant loss of pollinating insects' diversity and abundance. The discovery of a pollinator Orthoptera species has encouraged researchers in the densely populated region of Indo-Malaysia to explore the potential role of orthopterans as pollinators. Although the flower visitation of some species has been already known, the role of orthopterans in pollination is scarcely revealed. Here, we collected and reviewed the available data in order to point out some factors of their importance and set priorities that may serve as a basis for further investigations regarding ecological, evolutionary and practical points of view.

The chaperonin TRiC/CCT is cytosolic cylindrical complex of 16 subunits encoded by eight essential genes CCT1-8. It contributes to folding 10% of cellular polypeptides in yeast. The strain carrying substitution point mutation G412E in the equatorial domain of Cct7p resulted in the improper folding of substrates. In this study, the Cct7p mutant exhibited sensitivity to non-optimal growth temperatures and cell wall stressors. Heat shock is known to disrupt cell wall and protein stability in budding yeast. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated cell wall integrity pathway gets activated to compensate the perturbed cell wall. Overexpression of the PKC1 and SLT2 genes of MAPK signaling pathway in mutant rescued the growth and cell division defects. Additionally, the genes of the CWI pathway such as SED1, GFA1, PIR1, and RIM21 are down-regulated. The Cct7p mutant strain (G412E) is unable to withstand the heat stress due to the underlying defects in protein folding and cell wall maintenance. Taken together, our results strongly indicate the interaction between CCT and cell wall integrity pathway.

The supraspecific taxa of the Thalpophila generic complex are revised, a new genus Dandirania gen. n. and two new subgenera, Confectania subgen. n. and Wallaceania subgen n. are described. The genus Chlorothalpa Beck,1996) and its subgenus Subthalpa Beck, 1996 are reinstated from synonymy with Olivenebula Kishida and Yoshimoto, 1977. The western Palaearctic (European) species associated with Olivenebula are transferred to Chlorothalpa (comb. rev.). A new Chlorothalpa (Subthalpa) species, C. vargazoli sp. n.; a new Olivenebula species, O. (O.) stanegomboci sp. n. and a new subspecies O. (O.) oberthueri thomasbaroni ssp. n.; and two species and a new subspecies of Dandirania, D. (W.) sramkogabori sp. n., D. (W.) alfredrussellwallacei sp. n. and D. (D.) opulenta schreieri ssp. n. are described. Chlorothalpa (C.) graslini (Culot, 1913), Dandirania (D.) opulenta (Butler, 1889) and D. (W.) largeteaui (Oberthür, 1881) are upgraded to species level (stat. rev.).

Abundance is a fundamental characteristic of every biological population and is the focus of many research programs in ecology and conservation. In this paper I give an overview of the challenges of estimating abundance. I argue that truly understanding, validating, and refining the field techniques and quantitative methods used to estimate abundance can largely benefit from agent-based simulations. I illustrate this through the example of bird point counts and introduce the software bSims to test statistical and biological assumptions for estimating abundance and to aid survey design.

The biodiversity conservation needs recent high-quality data and efficient methods for prioritizing species and sites for conservation. Here we prioritized Orthoptera habitats of the Aggtelek National Park, based on revised and actualized distribution data of 69 Orthoptera species living at 98 sites. The simple ranking and complementary areas methods were used with species richness (S), rarity weighted species richness (SR), and number of rare species (SQ). Additionally, the Grasshopper Conservation Indexes (GCI" and GCIn") combining European and local rarity and dispersal capacity of the species were also tested. Contrary to simple ranking the complementary areas method represented the whole fauna and significant part of the species-site data records. All the used indices performed similar except the standardized GCIn" which is highly affected by the differences in study intensity of sites. High-priority areas of the Aggtelek National Park were designated in the plateau above Jósvafő and Aggtelek villages and in the small, isolated hill near Jósvafő (Szőlő-hegy) covered with remained mosaic of former vineyards, orchards and hayfields. The combined use of the efficient indices provides additional ranking that allows the best selection of hotspots to support efficient use of limited resources in nature conservation.

In this study, 25 plant species growing in different habitats in Erzincan province were studied with gypsum (Ebenus macrophylla, Gypsophila lepidioides, Linum flavum, Onobrychis nitida, Paracaryum stenolophum, Psephellus recepii, Tanacetum heterotomum, Verbascum alyssifolium), limestone (Alkanna megacarpa, Alyssum sibiricum, Anthemis sp., Astragalus sp., Chrysophthalmum montanum, Ebenus laguroides, Genista aucheri, Pelargonium endlicherianum, Stachys sparsipilosa), or serpentine (Artedia squamata, Consolida olopetala, Convolvulus pseudoscammania, Erysimum pulchellum, Fumana aciphylla, Gladiolus halophilus, Hypericum thymbrifolium, Salvia indica). Within the scope of the study, element concentrations were determined in plants with different flower colors (yellow, purple-blue-pink, white) and in the soils where they grow. Our goal was to assess whether there were differences in mineral element concentrations within plants from these different areas and whether those differences (if they existed) led to changes in plant morphology, specifically flower coloration. The flowers, leaves and root parts of the collected plants and the soils of the habitats where they grow were pre-treated in the laboratory. Mineral element concentrations in the prepared samples were determined by ICP-MS. Plant and soil data obtained were statistically evaluated, and the differences between the habitats were determined. It was observed that there were differences in terms of mineral elements in the generative and vegetative parts of the plant and these differences impacted flower color; these coloration differences in plants from other areas might be used to indicate the presence of potentially important minerals.

Behavioural variations associated with breeding-termed reproductive strategies-are some of the striking behaviours that have occupied naturalists for 1000s of years. How an animal seeks, competes for and/or chooses a mate? Do they breed with a single partner, or do they change partners between breeding events? How and when do they look after their young? Behavioural biologists, ecologists and evolutionary biologists have investigated these questions using quantitative methods since 1970s. In Debrecen, with the support and mentoring of Prof Zoltán Varga, we are investigating the causes and implications of reproductive strategies since 1988. This article reviews some of the core ideas in reproductive strategies research and explains the influence of Prof Varga on the development of these ideas. My main thesis here is that both integrative thinking and adopting a multi-pronged research approach using an explicit phylogenetic framework-both of these have been spearheaded by Prof Varga throughout his lifetime-can reveal novel aspects of reproductive strategies. Importantly, some of these academic insights have direct implications for preserving species and their habitats in the wild, and thus benefit biodiversity conservation.