Pub Date : 2021-03-28DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4400
Roberta Vadeikienė, A. Savukaitytė, R. Ugenskienė, Jurgita Gudaitienė, E. Juozaitytė
* Corresponding author. Email: roberta.vadeikiene@lsmuni.lt; r.jankauskaite@gmail.com The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics potentially related to NBS1 mutations and polymorphisms in young (≤50 years of age) breast cancer patients. Blood from 80 breast cancer patients was collected. NBS1 mutations c.657_661del, p.R215W, p.I171V, and polymorphisms c.8360G>C, c.30537G>C were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. Two-sided Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the odds ratio. No carriers of the c.657_661del, p.R215W and p.I171V mutations were found. NBS1 c.8360G>C logistic regression analysis showed that GC and CC genotypes compared with GG genotype had decreased risk of low grade tumour, 2.885-fold (OR = 2.885, 95% CI 0.173–0.735, P = 0.005) and 2.186-fold (OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188–0.888, P = 0.024), respectively. 8360 CC genotype (OR = 3.034, 95% CI 0.156–0.778, P = 0.010) significantly increased the chances of HER2 amplification compared to GG genotype. NBS1 8360 GC genotype had a higher risk for breast cancer progression (OR = 1.673, 95% CI 0.233–0.915, P = 0.027). The homozygote 8360 CC carriers had approximately a six times higher risk for the disease progress (OR = 5.946, 95% CI 0.098–0.585, P = 0.002). The prevalence of triple negative breast cancer type was significantly higher in individuals with NBS1 8360 CC genotype (OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188–0.888, P = 0.024). Regarding c.30537G>C polymorphism, none of the genotypes had a significant influence on pathological characteristics. NBS1 gene c.8360G>C polymorphism might be associated with breast cancer aggressiveness in young breast cancer patients.
*通讯作者。电子邮件:roberta.vadeikiene@lsmuni.lt;r.jankauskaite@gmail.com本研究的目的是确定年轻(≤50岁)乳腺癌患者中可能与NBS1突变和多态性相关的特征。收集了80名乳腺癌患者的血液。采用PCR-RFLP方法对NBS1基因突变C .657_661del、p.R215W、p.I171V和多态性C . 8360g >C、C . 30537g >C进行基因分型。单因素分析采用双侧卡方检验，优势比评价采用logistic回归分析。未发现c.657_661del、p.R215W和p.I171V突变携带者。logistic回归分析显示，GC和CC基因型与GG基因型相比，低级别肿瘤的风险分别降低了2.885倍(OR = 2.885, 95% CI 0.173 ~ 0.735, P = 0.005)和2.186倍(OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188 ~ 0.888, P = 0.024)。与GG基因型相比，8360 CC基因型(OR = 3.034, 95% CI 0.156 ~ 0.778, P = 0.010)显著增加了HER2扩增的机会。NBS1 8360 GC基因型乳腺癌进展风险较高(OR = 1.673, 95% CI 0.233 ~ 0.915, P = 0.027)。纯合子8360 CC携带者的疾病进展风险约为6倍(OR = 5.946, 95% CI 0.098-0.585, P = 0.002)。NBS1 8360 CC基因型的三阴性乳腺癌患病率显著高于NBS1 8360 CC基因型(OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188 ~ 0.888, P = 0.024)。关于C . 30537g >C多态性，各基因型对病理特征均无显著影响。NBS1基因C . 8360g >C多态性可能与年轻乳腺癌患者的乳腺癌侵袭性有关。
{"title":"Substitutions of the NBS1 gene and clinicopathological characteristics of young breast cancer patients","authors":"Roberta Vadeikienė, A. Savukaitytė, R. Ugenskienė, Jurgita Gudaitienė, E. Juozaitytė","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4400","url":null,"abstract":"* Corresponding author. Email: roberta.vadeikiene@lsmuni.lt; r.jankauskaite@gmail.com The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics potentially related to NBS1 mutations and polymorphisms in young (≤50 years of age) breast cancer patients. Blood from 80 breast cancer patients was collected. NBS1 mutations c.657_661del, p.R215W, p.I171V, and polymorphisms c.8360G>C, c.30537G>C were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. Two-sided Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the odds ratio. No carriers of the c.657_661del, p.R215W and p.I171V mutations were found. NBS1 c.8360G>C logistic regression analysis showed that GC and CC genotypes compared with GG genotype had decreased risk of low grade tumour, 2.885-fold (OR = 2.885, 95% CI 0.173–0.735, P = 0.005) and 2.186-fold (OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188–0.888, P = 0.024), respectively. 8360 CC genotype (OR = 3.034, 95% CI 0.156–0.778, P = 0.010) significantly increased the chances of HER2 amplification compared to GG genotype. NBS1 8360 GC genotype had a higher risk for breast cancer progression (OR = 1.673, 95% CI 0.233–0.915, P = 0.027). The homozygote 8360 CC carriers had approximately a six times higher risk for the disease progress (OR = 5.946, 95% CI 0.098–0.585, P = 0.002). The prevalence of triple negative breast cancer type was significantly higher in individuals with NBS1 8360 CC genotype (OR = 2.186, 95% CI 0.188–0.888, P = 0.024). Regarding c.30537G>C polymorphism, none of the genotypes had a significant influence on pathological characteristics. NBS1 gene c.8360G>C polymorphism might be associated with breast cancer aggressiveness in young breast cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79773462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-28DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4399
V. Vasylenko, M. Martynova, S. Mickevicius
2 University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Plzeň, Technická 8, 30614, Czech Republic The vital activity of organisms is regulated by biochemical processes. Even minor disruptions or incorrect intervention in these processes leads to serious, often irreversible, consequences. The study of the cholinergic system and its modulators is of particular interest. Reasonable influence on the metabolism of acetylcholine can help in solving a wide range of veterinary, medical, and fundamental biochemical problems. Currently, not all mechanisms of biological effects on the cholinergic system have been studied. Limited laboratory methods are the main obstacle to further study of these processes. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies can most often be questioned due to the significant influence of external factors, high variability of variables, and difficulties in processing large volumes of biochemical data. In recent years, more and more researchers have emphasized the need to introduce new methods and research methods in the area of biological sciences. Without innovative approaches in applied research, it is no longer possible to obtain a reliable and satisfactory result. It is necessary to set a goal to find and develop safe modulators of the cholinergic system both in the direction of catalytic reactions and its inhibition by using the methods of computational biology. Existing software products give positive results in solving highly specific issues, but they do not offer a comprehensive solution to the existing problems of biomodelling. This article examines examples of the existing modelling techniques and considers the possibility of creating a universal software product for the integral construction and analysis of the cholinergic system.
{"title":"Development and application of the complex model of the cholinergic system","authors":"V. Vasylenko, M. Martynova, S. Mickevicius","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4399","url":null,"abstract":"2 University of West Bohemia, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Plzeň, Technická 8, 30614, Czech Republic The vital activity of organisms is regulated by biochemical processes. Even minor disruptions or incorrect intervention in these processes leads to serious, often irreversible, consequences. The study of the cholinergic system and its modulators is of particular interest. Reasonable influence on the metabolism of acetylcholine can help in solving a wide range of veterinary, medical, and fundamental biochemical problems. Currently, not all mechanisms of biological effects on the cholinergic system have been studied. Limited laboratory methods are the main obstacle to further study of these processes. The results of in vitro and in vivo studies can most often be questioned due to the significant influence of external factors, high variability of variables, and difficulties in processing large volumes of biochemical data. In recent years, more and more researchers have emphasized the need to introduce new methods and research methods in the area of biological sciences. Without innovative approaches in applied research, it is no longer possible to obtain a reliable and satisfactory result. It is necessary to set a goal to find and develop safe modulators of the cholinergic system both in the direction of catalytic reactions and its inhibition by using the methods of computational biology. Existing software products give positive results in solving highly specific issues, but they do not offer a comprehensive solution to the existing problems of biomodelling. This article examines examples of the existing modelling techniques and considers the possibility of creating a universal software product for the integral construction and analysis of the cholinergic system.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78271550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-28DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4401
V. Kuryata, B. Kuts, Yuriy Prysedsky
2 Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, 600-richya St., 21, Vinnytsia 21021, Ukraine Functional changes in the source-sink system of maize sprouts under combination of external (light/dark) and hormonal (gibberellic acid/retardant) factors during germination were studied. It was found that the phytohormone action significantly increased the coleoptile, root and seedling length, dry matter mass of organs, both in light and in dark. Tebuconazole caused the opposite effect due to its retardant action. The inactivation of endogenous phytohormone was confirmed by less intensive use of seed substances, the minimum dry matter of root and coleoptile and lower reserve utilization rates under tebuconazole influence, in particular under photomorphogenesis condition. The non-maximum mass of cotyledons may indicate a kind of optimization of use of reserves under tebuconazole treatment. Gibberellin stimulated starch breakdown in both light and dark, but starch usage was higher in dark. The lower content of sugar in the seeds of skotomorphic plants in control and under gibberellin action was explained by intense outflow for the organogenesis needs. Gibberellin stimulated the hydrolysis of reserve protein after intensive starch hydrolysis in dark. Specific gibberellin regulation of phosphorus outflow for the organogenesis processes under the photoand skotomorphogenesis conditions and no regulation for potassium under photomorphogenesis conditions were found.
{"title":"Utilization of spare substances of Zea mays L. seeds during germination under the combined effect of growth regulators and presence or absence of light","authors":"V. Kuryata, B. Kuts, Yuriy Prysedsky","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V67I1.4401","url":null,"abstract":"2 Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, 600-richya St., 21, Vinnytsia 21021, Ukraine Functional changes in the source-sink system of maize sprouts under combination of external (light/dark) and hormonal (gibberellic acid/retardant) factors during germination were studied. It was found that the phytohormone action significantly increased the coleoptile, root and seedling length, dry matter mass of organs, both in light and in dark. Tebuconazole caused the opposite effect due to its retardant action. The inactivation of endogenous phytohormone was confirmed by less intensive use of seed substances, the minimum dry matter of root and coleoptile and lower reserve utilization rates under tebuconazole influence, in particular under photomorphogenesis condition. The non-maximum mass of cotyledons may indicate a kind of optimization of use of reserves under tebuconazole treatment. Gibberellin stimulated starch breakdown in both light and dark, but starch usage was higher in dark. The lower content of sugar in the seeds of skotomorphic plants in control and under gibberellin action was explained by intense outflow for the organogenesis needs. Gibberellin stimulated the hydrolysis of reserve protein after intensive starch hydrolysis in dark. Specific gibberellin regulation of phosphorus outflow for the organogenesis processes under the photoand skotomorphogenesis conditions and no regulation for potassium under photomorphogenesis conditions were found.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"15 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79486087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4366
V. Tamutis, V. Alekseev
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-5443 The paper presents the first review of the composition and distribution of the species Lepturinae Latreille, 1802 subfamily (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the south-eastern Baltic region. A total of more than 3,000 records have been analyzed and more than 4,600 specimens collected since 1888 have been examined. The subfamily is confirmed to be represented by four tribes, 26 genera, and 38 species in the region. Previous records (published notifications) of seven species – Alosterna ingrica (Baeckmann), Brachyta interrogationis russica (Herbst), Euracmaeops marginatus (F.), Gnathacmaeops pratensis (Laichart.), Pachytodes erraticus (Dalman), Rhagium bifasciatum F. and Stictoleptura v. variicornis (Dalman) – were not confirmed in the region. The information on the distribution, frequency, and some features of ecology and zoogeography of 51 species found and expected to be found in the region is confirmed and detailed in the paper. Local temporal and geographical distributions of 36 species are mapped.
{"title":"A survey of Lepturinae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the south-eastern Baltic region (Lithuania and the Kaliningrad Region)","authors":"V. Tamutis, V. Alekseev","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4366","url":null,"abstract":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4390-5443 The paper presents the first review of the composition and distribution of the species Lepturinae Latreille, 1802 subfamily (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the south-eastern Baltic region. A total of more than 3,000 records have been analyzed and more than 4,600 specimens collected since 1888 have been examined. The subfamily is confirmed to be represented by four tribes, 26 genera, and 38 species in the region. Previous records (published notifications) of seven species – Alosterna ingrica (Baeckmann), Brachyta interrogationis russica (Herbst), Euracmaeops marginatus (F.), Gnathacmaeops pratensis (Laichart.), Pachytodes erraticus (Dalman), Rhagium bifasciatum F. and Stictoleptura v. variicornis (Dalman) – were not confirmed in the region. The information on the distribution, frequency, and some features of ecology and zoogeography of 51 species found and expected to be found in the region is confirmed and detailed in the paper. Local temporal and geographical distributions of 36 species are mapped.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91302558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4368
Justina Snegiriovaitė, Jana Radzijevskaja, A. Paulauskas
Ticks are widely distributed blood-sucking ectoparasites and vectors for numerous zoonotic pathogens that cause infectious diseases in humans and animals. The increase in the incidence of tick-borne diseases (TBD) is partially associated with climatic changes, such as shorter and warmer winters, prolonged growing seasons, and also with increasing urbanisation. In recent decades, a rising number of established populations of medically important ticks have been reported in urban and suburban areas such as city parks or suburban forests over many regions in Europe. The transformation of natural ecosystems into urban areas becomes actual significant problem because it could affect the circulation of tick-borne pathogens and increase the risk of infection for humans and domestic animals. Tick-borne pathogens, including Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., Rickettsia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and Babesia spp., have been detected in urban tick populations in Europe. Such places as parks, leisure-time areas, green spaces, and gardens become endemic zones of tick-borne pathogens. This review describes the investigations on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in urbanised areas conducted in Europe during the last fifteen years (2005–2020).
{"title":"A brief review: the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in urban and suburban areas","authors":"Justina Snegiriovaitė, Jana Radzijevskaja, A. Paulauskas","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4368","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks are widely distributed blood-sucking ectoparasites and vectors for numerous zoonotic pathogens that cause infectious diseases in humans and animals. The increase in the incidence of tick-borne diseases (TBD) is partially associated with climatic changes, such as shorter and warmer winters, prolonged growing seasons, and also with increasing urbanisation. In recent decades, a rising number of established populations of medically important ticks have been reported in urban and suburban areas such as city parks or suburban forests over many regions in Europe. The transformation of natural ecosystems into urban areas becomes actual significant problem because it could affect the circulation of tick-borne pathogens and increase the risk of infection for humans and domestic animals. Tick-borne pathogens, including Borrelia burgdorferi s. l., Rickettsia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, and Babesia spp., have been detected in urban tick populations in Europe. Such places as parks, leisure-time areas, green spaces, and gardens become endemic zones of tick-borne pathogens. This review describes the investigations on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in urbanised areas conducted in Europe during the last fifteen years (2005–2020).","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85463895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-30DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4367
I. Lipatova
Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio g. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania The aim of this study was to present data on the distribution of Hystrichopsylla fleas collected from different animals in Lithuania. The study was done by analyzing collections of fleas from 2011 to 2017. A total of 96 fleas of the genus Hystrichopsylla were collected from nine mammalian species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Micromys minutus, Myodes glareolus, Micro tus oeconomus, Microtus arvalis, Sorex araneus, Neomys fodiens, and Glis glis). Morphological analysis showed that all fleas were of the species Hystrichopsylla orientalis Smit, 1956.
Vytautas Magnus大学，K. donelai g. 58, 44248考纳斯，立陶宛。本研究的目的是提供立陶宛不同动物身上收集的狸蚤分布数据。这项研究是通过分析2011年至2017年收集的跳蚤来完成的。总共有96属的跳蚤Hystrichopsylla收集从九个哺乳动物物种(Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus防治,Micromys minutus, myod glareolus,微oeconomus、草原arvalis, Sorex十字,Neomys fodiens,和gli gli)。形态学分析表明，所有蚤属东方Hystrichopsylla orientalis Smit, 1956。
{"title":"Data on the distribution of Hystrichopsylla orientalis fleas (Siphonaptera) in Lithuania","authors":"I. Lipatova","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v66i4.4367","url":null,"abstract":"Vytautas Magnus University, K. Donelaičio g. 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania The aim of this study was to present data on the distribution of Hystrichopsylla fleas collected from different animals in Lithuania. The study was done by analyzing collections of fleas from 2011 to 2017. A total of 96 fleas of the genus Hystrichopsylla were collected from nine mammalian species (Apodemus flavicollis, Apodemus agrarius, Micromys minutus, Myodes glareolus, Micro tus oeconomus, Microtus arvalis, Sorex araneus, Neomys fodiens, and Glis glis). Morphological analysis showed that all fleas were of the species Hystrichopsylla orientalis Smit, 1956.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76367217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4309
G. Kopij
Department of Vertebrate Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental & Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland A simplified version of the territory mapping method was used. Four counts were conducted in a fragment of the city of Wrocław in the spring and early summer 2010. Two main urban habitats were distinguished: a densely built-up area with block buildings and a residential area with flat houses. In total, 44 bird species were recorded as breeding in the whole study area. Five species nested in a density higher than 10 pairs per 100 ha each: Columba palumbus, Pica pica, Streptopelia decaocto, Sylvia atricapilla, and Turdus merula. Whereas in the densely built-up areas Columba palumbus and Streptopelia decaocto were equally common, in the residential area Streptopelia decaocto was almost three times more common than Columba palumbus. Pica pica was about three times more common than Corvus cornix both in the builtup areas and in the residential areas. Although densely built-up areas and residential areas have a similar species composition, many species breed in different densities. This is probably due to a different structure of vegetation. While tall trees are relatively common and shrubs rare in the densely built-up areas, the reverse situation prevails in residential areas.
{"title":"Comparison of population densities of selected bird species breeding in main urban habitats in southwestern Poland","authors":"G. Kopij","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4309","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Vertebrate Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental & Life Sciences, ul. Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland A simplified version of the territory mapping method was used. Four counts were conducted in a fragment of the city of Wrocław in the spring and early summer 2010. Two main urban habitats were distinguished: a densely built-up area with block buildings and a residential area with flat houses. In total, 44 bird species were recorded as breeding in the whole study area. Five species nested in a density higher than 10 pairs per 100 ha each: Columba palumbus, Pica pica, Streptopelia decaocto, Sylvia atricapilla, and Turdus merula. Whereas in the densely built-up areas Columba palumbus and Streptopelia decaocto were equally common, in the residential area Streptopelia decaocto was almost three times more common than Columba palumbus. Pica pica was about three times more common than Corvus cornix both in the builtup areas and in the residential areas. Although densely built-up areas and residential areas have a similar species composition, many species breed in different densities. This is probably due to a different structure of vegetation. While tall trees are relatively common and shrubs rare in the densely built-up areas, the reverse situation prevails in residential areas.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83335964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4310
Farzad Moradpour
Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Engineering, Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, As-Sulaymaniyah, KRG, Iraq In the current study, the infertility of Varroa mite was compared in resistant (VSH) and control honeybee colonies at the University of Garmian of Iraq. At each stage, the infestation rate, the percentage of fertile mites, the percentage of infertile mites, the number of cells containing mite eggs, and the number of protonymphs and deutonymphs were counted. Percentages of infestation in resistant and control colonies were 6.2 ± 0.9 and 10.9 ± 1.2, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of infested cells between the control and resistant groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, 56.3% of the resistant colonies and 37.50% of the control colonies showed hygienic behaviour (VHS). Resistant colonies showed hygienic behaviour (VHS) regarding the removal of infested pupae and reducing the infestation in colonies compared to control colonies. Mean total infertility in resistant and control colonies were 1.4 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.3, respectively. Also, the total mean of protonymphs, deutonymphs, and eggs in resistant and control colonies were 0.06, 1.3 ± 0.4, and 2.6 ± 0.8 in resistant colonies and 0.2, 1.3 ± 0.8, and 2.6 ± 1 in control colonies. The results showed that VSH behaviour in adult bees reduces the rate of infestation by Varroa mites in pupas.
{"title":"Comparison of infertility of Varroa destructor in resistant and control colonies of the Iraqi honeybee (Apis mellifera meda)","authors":"Farzad Moradpour","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4310","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Engineering, Science, University of Garmian, Kalar, As-Sulaymaniyah, KRG, Iraq In the current study, the infertility of Varroa mite was compared in resistant (VSH) and control honeybee colonies at the University of Garmian of Iraq. At each stage, the infestation rate, the percentage of fertile mites, the percentage of infertile mites, the number of cells containing mite eggs, and the number of protonymphs and deutonymphs were counted. Percentages of infestation in resistant and control colonies were 6.2 ± 0.9 and 10.9 ± 1.2, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of infested cells between the control and resistant groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, 56.3% of the resistant colonies and 37.50% of the control colonies showed hygienic behaviour (VHS). Resistant colonies showed hygienic behaviour (VHS) regarding the removal of infested pupae and reducing the infestation in colonies compared to control colonies. Mean total infertility in resistant and control colonies were 1.4 ± 0.4 and 1.1 ± 0.3, respectively. Also, the total mean of protonymphs, deutonymphs, and eggs in resistant and control colonies were 0.06, 1.3 ± 0.4, and 2.6 ± 0.8 in resistant colonies and 0.2, 1.3 ± 0.8, and 2.6 ± 1 in control colonies. The results showed that VSH behaviour in adult bees reduces the rate of infestation by Varroa mites in pupas.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80950108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4307
J. R. Stonis, M. Solís
2 Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, US Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013-7012, USA We describe a new genus, Dishkeya Stonis, gen. nov., and a new species, Dishkeya gothica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., discovered feeding on Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb., Rhamnaceae. We discuss the diagnostics of Tischeria Zeller and Dishkeya gen. nov.; the latter is characterized by the absence of a juxta, the presence of a pseudognathos, and well-developed carinae of the phallus in the male genitalia. We newly combine Tischeria bifurcata Braun and Tischeria gouaniae Stonis & Diškus with Dishkeya and designate the latter species as the type species of the new genus. All species treated in the paper are illustrated with drawings or photographs of the male genitalia.
{"title":"Dishkeya gen. nov., a New World endemic genus of leaf-mining Tischeriidae (Lepidoptera), transferred from Tischeria Zeller","authors":"J. R. Stonis, M. Solís","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4307","url":null,"abstract":"2 Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, US Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013-7012, USA We describe a new genus, Dishkeya Stonis, gen. nov., and a new species, Dishkeya gothica Diškus & Stonis, sp. nov., discovered feeding on Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb., Rhamnaceae. We discuss the diagnostics of Tischeria Zeller and Dishkeya gen. nov.; the latter is characterized by the absence of a juxta, the presence of a pseudognathos, and well-developed carinae of the phallus in the male genitalia. We newly combine Tischeria bifurcata Braun and Tischeria gouaniae Stonis & Diškus with Dishkeya and designate the latter species as the type species of the new genus. All species treated in the paper are illustrated with drawings or photographs of the male genitalia.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77951397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-30DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4311
V. Kuryata, B. Kuts, Yuriy Prysedsky
2 Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, 600-richya St., 21, Vinnytsia 21021, Ukraine Under conditions of a combination of an external (light/dark) factor and a hormonal factor (gibberellic acid) during germination, changes in the functioning of the source-sink system in heterotrophic phase of horse beans development were studied. The increase in the epicotyl, root and seedling length, both in light and dark, as well as in the dry matter of the mass of the seedling organs, was found under drug action. Reserve substances were used more intensively under gibberellin and skotomorphogenesis influence. It is evidenced by the minimum dry matter of cotyledons and higher reserve utilization rates for root and epicotyl formation. Gibberellin stimulated starch breakdown in both, but during germination in dark, the rate of starch use was higher. Other content of sugars in skotomorphic seeds was associated with more intensive outflow for organogenesis needs: formation of root and epicotyl structures. The changes in the content of starch were higher than the changes in nitrogen content in skotomorphic and photomorphic seedlings. This indicates that gibberellin stimulates hydrolysis of reserve protein only after starch hydrolysis in dark. No specific gibberellin regulation of phosphorus and potassium outflow from seeds for organogenesis needs was found, suggesting sufficient mineral nutrients supply to ensure their re-utilization during germination, photoand skotomorphogenesis processes.
{"title":"Effect of gibberellin on the use of reserve substances deposited in Vicia faba L. seeds at the phase of heterotrophic development under the conditions of photo- and skotomorphogenesis","authors":"V. Kuryata, B. Kuts, Yuriy Prysedsky","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V66I3.4311","url":null,"abstract":"2 Vasyl Stus Donetsk National University, 600-richya St., 21, Vinnytsia 21021, Ukraine Under conditions of a combination of an external (light/dark) factor and a hormonal factor (gibberellic acid) during germination, changes in the functioning of the source-sink system in heterotrophic phase of horse beans development were studied. The increase in the epicotyl, root and seedling length, both in light and dark, as well as in the dry matter of the mass of the seedling organs, was found under drug action. Reserve substances were used more intensively under gibberellin and skotomorphogenesis influence. It is evidenced by the minimum dry matter of cotyledons and higher reserve utilization rates for root and epicotyl formation. Gibberellin stimulated starch breakdown in both, but during germination in dark, the rate of starch use was higher. Other content of sugars in skotomorphic seeds was associated with more intensive outflow for organogenesis needs: formation of root and epicotyl structures. The changes in the content of starch were higher than the changes in nitrogen content in skotomorphic and photomorphic seedlings. This indicates that gibberellin stimulates hydrolysis of reserve protein only after starch hydrolysis in dark. No specific gibberellin regulation of phosphorus and potassium outflow from seeds for organogenesis needs was found, suggesting sufficient mineral nutrients supply to ensure their re-utilization during germination, photoand skotomorphogenesis processes.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75384287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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