Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4025
T. Gholamiterojeni, F. Sharifnia, T. Nejadsattari, M. Assadi, S. Hamdi
Alnus (Alder) is a genus of Betulaceae, which comprises more than 29 species in the world. According to different classifications of flora, eight taxa of the genus naturally grow in Iran and are distributed along the northern slope of Albourz Mountains in Iran (Hyrcanian forests). In the current research, we investigated morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of 31 populations of the genus in Iran. Twenty-eight qualitative and quantitative traits were studied for morphological evaluation and ITS molecular marker was investigated for molecular study. We used MVSP, SPSS, MrBayes, RAXMLGUI, Mesquite 2.71, Modeltest 3.7 software packages for statistical analyses. Morphological features varied widely among the studied taxa and ANOVA test revealed significant difference for most of them. Moreover, the angle of leaf base, the leaf margin shape, the length and width of the leaf blade, fruits length, and the presence of hair on the petioles, young twigs, and buds were more variable morphological traits. The studied taxa were clustered separately in the UPGMA tree, PCA and PCO plots using morphological traits. In addition, CA-joined plot showed each taxon to have distinct morphological trait(s), which is useful in the identification of the taxa. Phylogeny analysis revealed that Alnus genus is a monophyletic group. Furthermore, the studied taxa were clustered separately in phylogenetic dendrogram. According to morphological and ITS data, we listed ten taxa of the genus in Iran and introduced A. hyrcana and A. longiflorescentia as two new species from Hyrcanian forests of Iran.
{"title":"Revision of Alnus (Betulaceae) in Iran using molecular ITS markers and morphological characteristics","authors":"T. Gholamiterojeni, F. Sharifnia, T. Nejadsattari, M. Assadi, S. Hamdi","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4025","url":null,"abstract":"Alnus (Alder) is a genus of Betulaceae, which comprises more than 29 species in the world. According to different classifications of flora, eight taxa of the genus naturally grow in Iran and are distributed along the northern slope of Albourz Mountains in Iran (Hyrcanian forests). In the current research, we investigated morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of 31 populations of the genus in Iran. Twenty-eight qualitative and quantitative traits were studied for morphological evaluation and ITS molecular marker was investigated for molecular study. We used MVSP, SPSS, MrBayes, RAXMLGUI, Mesquite 2.71, Modeltest 3.7 software packages for statistical analyses. Morphological features varied widely among the studied taxa and ANOVA test revealed significant difference for most of them. Moreover, the angle of leaf base, the leaf margin shape, the length and width of the leaf blade, fruits length, and the presence of hair on the petioles, young twigs, and buds were more variable morphological traits. The studied taxa were clustered separately in the UPGMA tree, PCA and PCO plots using morphological traits. In addition, CA-joined plot showed each taxon to have distinct morphological trait(s), which is useful in the identification of the taxa. Phylogeny analysis revealed that Alnus genus is a monophyletic group. Furthermore, the studied taxa were clustered separately in phylogenetic dendrogram. According to morphological and ITS data, we listed ten taxa of the genus in Iran and introduced A. hyrcana and A. longiflorescentia as two new species from Hyrcanian forests of Iran.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83374527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4026
O. Kovalenko, O. Bondarenko, I. Tubaltseva, M. Makarchuk
The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the processes of learning and innate behaviour and alcohol abuse in young male rats. Rats differed in the degree of alcohol motivation and had different combinations of training in maze with alcoholization. In general it was found that compared to nondependent animals, alcohol-dependent rats were characterized by much higer emotionality, anxiety, lower locomotor activity, and research activity. The most negative influence of alcohol abuse on the behaviour was shown in animals with low innate activity (locomotor, emotional, and exploratory activity), which were poorly trained in the maze. It was shown that training rats in the maze before alcohol abuse had a positive effect on the behaviour (slightly reduced the amount of alcohol-preferring animals). Alcoholization before training increased the level of anxiety and neurotic reactions in animals, especially in rats, which had poorly trained in maze before alcoholization. Alcoholization of animals before the start of training increased the level of anxiety and neurotic reactions in alcoholized rats, especially in those that were poorly trained in the maze before alcoholization.
{"title":"Correlation between learning and alcoholization in rats","authors":"O. Kovalenko, O. Bondarenko, I. Tubaltseva, M. Makarchuk","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4026","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship between the processes of learning and innate behaviour and alcohol abuse in young male rats. Rats differed in the degree of alcohol motivation and had different combinations of training in maze with alcoholization. In general it was found that compared to nondependent animals, alcohol-dependent rats were characterized by much higer emotionality, anxiety, lower locomotor activity, and research activity. The most negative influence of alcohol abuse on the behaviour was shown in animals with low innate activity (locomotor, emotional, and exploratory activity), which were poorly trained in the maze. It was shown that training rats in the maze before alcohol abuse had a positive effect on the behaviour (slightly reduced the amount of alcohol-preferring animals). Alcoholization before training increased the level of anxiety and neurotic reactions in animals, especially in rats, which had poorly trained in maze before alcoholization. Alcoholization of animals before the start of training increased the level of anxiety and neurotic reactions in alcoholized rats, especially in those that were poorly trained in the maze before alcoholization.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89699689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4027
I. Oboh, O. A. Sanni, N. Egun
The proximate composition of fish is important for easy formulation of both animal and human diets. The study on the proximate and mineral composition of captured Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae was aimed at gaining knowledge of their consumption-associated benefits. Fish specimens were purchased on the bank of the river between February and April 2017 and transported to the laboratory where routine measurements, body and biochemical analysis for moisture content, fat, ash, protein, crude fibre, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were performed using the standard methods of AOAC. The result of the proximate composition of Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae showed moisture content of 79.00% and 78.87%, fat value of 3.43% and 0.67%, ash content of 6.22% and 6.68%, protein value of 7.09% and 8.84%, crude fibre value of 0.40% and 1.80%, carbohydrate content of 3.86% and 3.14%, respectively. The mineral composition of Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae revealed sodium values of 32.90 mg/kg and 30.20 mg/kg, potassium values of 171.70 mg/kg and 175.60 mg/kg, calcium values of 13.50 mg/kg and 9.20 mg/kg, magnesium content of 15.00 mg/kg and 13.40 mg/kg, respectively. The results obtained in this study provided scientific knowledge of the nutritional composition of these commercial fish species.
{"title":"Nutritional composition of Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae from the Jamieson River, Sapele, Delta State, Nigeria","authors":"I. Oboh, O. A. Sanni, N. Egun","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4027","url":null,"abstract":"The proximate composition of fish is important for easy formulation of both animal and human diets. The study on the proximate and mineral composition of captured Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae was aimed at gaining knowledge of their consumption-associated benefits. Fish specimens were purchased on the bank of the river between February and April 2017 and transported to the laboratory where routine measurements, body and biochemical analysis for moisture content, fat, ash, protein, crude fibre, carbohydrate, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were performed using the standard methods of AOAC. The result of the proximate composition of Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae showed moisture content of 79.00% and 78.87%, fat value of 3.43% and 0.67%, ash content of 6.22% and 6.68%, protein value of 7.09% and 8.84%, crude fibre value of 0.40% and 1.80%, carbohydrate content of 3.86% and 3.14%, respectively. The mineral composition of Synodontis nigrita and Tilapia mariae revealed sodium values of 32.90 mg/kg and 30.20 mg/kg, potassium values of 171.70 mg/kg and 175.60 mg/kg, calcium values of 13.50 mg/kg and 9.20 mg/kg, magnesium content of 15.00 mg/kg and 13.40 mg/kg, respectively. The results obtained in this study provided scientific knowledge of the nutritional composition of these commercial fish species.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88307488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4028
Iryna Oleksandrivna Yepryntseva, L. S. Shchyrova, V. E. Shekh
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of slow breathing and prehypertension (PHT) on cardiovascular and HRV variables and on the Valsalva ratio (VR). ECG was recorded in 39 normotensives and 35 prehypertensives at 5 min resting and slow breathing (6 breaths/min) stages to obtain HR, LF and HF power; SBP and DBP were recorded at the end of each stage. The Valsalva manoeuvre was performed after resting and slow breathing stages. Two-way repeated MANOVA was used to test for the effects of PHT and slow breathing. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to reveal predictors of HR, SBP and DBP. The normotensives and the prehypertensives demonstrated reduction of SBP during slow breathing (117.95 ± 0.73 vs. 115.18 ± 0.91 mm Hg, P = 0.001 and 130.09 ± 0.08 vs. 125.91 ± 0.96 mm Hg, P < 0.001, respectively). At rest, the VR was lower in prehypertensives (1.69 ± 0.05 vs. 1.87 ± 0.05, P = 0.009). After slow breathing, the VR increased significantly only in prehypertensives (P = 0.008), it was no longer different from that of normotensives (1.82 ± 0.06 vs. 1.90 ± 0.06, P = 0.346). The LnLF power, interpreted according to our hypothesis described previously as sympathoinhibition, increased in both groups. Slow breathing reduced SBP in normotensives and prehypertensives as a result of an increase in sympathoinhibition in both groups and VR, considered as a surrogate marker of the baroreflex activity, in prehypertensives.
本研究的目的是评估呼吸缓慢和高血压前期(PHT)对心血管和HRV变量以及Valsalva比率(VR)的影响。记录39例血压正常者和35例高血压前期患者5 min静息慢呼吸(6次/min)期心电图，获取HR、LF和HF功率;每期结束时记录收缩压和舒张压。Valsalva动作在休息和慢呼吸阶段后进行。采用双向重复方差分析检验PHT和慢呼吸的影响。采用逐步多元线性回归分析HR、收缩压和舒张压的预测因素。血压正常者和高血压前期患者缓慢呼吸时收缩压降低(分别为117.95±0.73∶115.18±0.91 mm Hg, P = 0.001和130.09±0.08∶125.91±0.96 mm Hg, P < 0.001)。静息时，高血压前期患者的VR较低(1.69±0.05∶1.87±0.05,P = 0.009)。缓慢呼吸后，只有高血压前期患者的VR显著升高(P = 0.008)，与正常血压组无显著差异(1.82±0.06∶1.90±0.06,P = 0.346)。LnLF能力，根据我们先前描述的假设解释为交感神经抑制，在两组中都有所增加。在血压正常和高血压前期患者中，缓慢呼吸降低收缩压，这是由于两组患者交感神经抑制增加，而在高血压前期患者中，VR被认为是压力反射活动的替代标志物。
{"title":"Effect of slow breathing on the blood pressure and the Valsalva ration in prehypertensive Indian students","authors":"Iryna Oleksandrivna Yepryntseva, L. S. Shchyrova, V. E. Shekh","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4028","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of slow breathing and prehypertension (PHT) on cardiovascular and HRV variables and on the Valsalva ratio (VR). ECG was recorded in 39 normotensives and 35 prehypertensives at 5 min resting and slow breathing (6 breaths/min) stages to obtain HR, LF and HF power; SBP and DBP were recorded at the end of each stage. The Valsalva manoeuvre was performed after resting and slow breathing stages. Two-way repeated MANOVA was used to test for the effects of PHT and slow breathing. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to reveal predictors of HR, SBP and DBP. The normotensives and the prehypertensives demonstrated reduction of SBP during slow breathing (117.95 ± 0.73 vs. 115.18 ± 0.91 mm Hg, P = 0.001 and 130.09 ± 0.08 vs. 125.91 ± 0.96 mm Hg, P < 0.001, respectively). At rest, the VR was lower in prehypertensives (1.69 ± 0.05 vs. 1.87 ± 0.05, P = 0.009). After slow breathing, the VR increased significantly only in prehypertensives (P = 0.008), it was no longer different from that of normotensives (1.82 ± 0.06 vs. 1.90 ± 0.06, P = 0.346). The LnLF power, interpreted according to our hypothesis described previously as sympathoinhibition, increased in both groups. Slow breathing reduced SBP in normotensives and prehypertensives as a result of an increase in sympathoinhibition in both groups and VR, considered as a surrogate marker of the baroreflex activity, in prehypertensives.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75455582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4030
Miglė Razgūnaitė, Jana Radzijevskaja, Vytautas Sabūnas, B. Karvelienė, A. Paulauskas
Cats and dogs are the most popular pets. However, pets can transmit various pathogens and their close proximity to humans may lead to human infections – zoonoses. Transmission of zoonotic pathogens occurs through direct human-animal contact and/or arthropod vectors, such as ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, etc. The emergence of vector-borne zoonotic diseases may occur through international movement of owners with companion animals, which could be infected with pathogens and through spreading and subsequent establishment of disease vectors from endemic to non-endemic areas. The complex ecology of vector-borne zoonotic infections poses both a challenge to and opportunities for surveillance and control. Rising occurrence of vector-borne zoonotic diseases, their relevance to human health, and the relative lack of scientific researches related to feline VBDs point to the necessity to summarize and systemize information on the prevalence of agents of these diseases in populations of domestic cats. This review describes the main vector-borne zoonotic diseases in cats and provides an overview of the main pathogens isolated from cats, which have the potential to cause diseases in cats and humans.
{"title":"Vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in cats","authors":"Miglė Razgūnaitė, Jana Radzijevskaja, Vytautas Sabūnas, B. Karvelienė, A. Paulauskas","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4030","url":null,"abstract":"Cats and dogs are the most popular pets. However, pets can transmit various pathogens and their close proximity to humans may lead to human infections – zoonoses. Transmission of zoonotic pathogens occurs through direct human-animal contact and/or arthropod vectors, such as ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, etc. The emergence of vector-borne zoonotic diseases may occur through international movement of owners with companion animals, which could be infected with pathogens and through spreading and subsequent establishment of disease vectors from endemic to non-endemic areas. The complex ecology of vector-borne zoonotic infections poses both a challenge to and opportunities for surveillance and control. Rising occurrence of vector-borne zoonotic diseases, their relevance to human health, and the relative lack of scientific researches related to feline VBDs point to the necessity to summarize and systemize information on the prevalence of agents of these diseases in populations of domestic cats. This review describes the main vector-borne zoonotic diseases in cats and provides an overview of the main pathogens isolated from cats, which have the potential to cause diseases in cats and humans.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86933506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4029
D. Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Paulina Amšiejūtė, Jana Radzijevskaja, A. Paulauskas
Bacterial strains are a characteristic feature of many bacterial pathogens, including the species of the genus Bartonella. These bacteria are associated with different vertebrate hosts and vectors and have been detected in North America, Australia, Asia, and Europe. This study presents molecular characterization of Bartonella strains circulating in wild rodents. B. taylorii and B. grahamii are detected with high prevalence in mice, voles, and rats. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of B. taylorii and B. grahamii strains in wild rodents. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetic diversity of B. taylorii and B. grahamii strains by sequence analysis of the housekeeping gene (rpoB) and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic species region (ITS). Sequence analysis of rpoB gene revealed the presence of 15 B. taylorii genotypes and four B. grahamii genotypes in mice and voles captured in Lithuania. Sequence analysis of the ITS region revealed the presence of six B. taylorii genotypes and four B. grahamii genotypes in Lithuanian voles and mice. Analysis of genetic diversity demonstrated that B. grahamii strains derived from the same geographic region or from regions of close proximity more conservative, while B. grahamii strains from more distant areas are more variable. Genetic diversity of B. taylorii strains seems not to depend on geographic distance.
{"title":"Genetic diversity of Bartonella taylorii and Bartonella grahamii strains","authors":"D. Mardosaitė-Busaitienė, Paulina Amšiejūtė, Jana Radzijevskaja, A. Paulauskas","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4029","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial strains are a characteristic feature of many bacterial pathogens, including the species of the genus Bartonella. These bacteria are associated with different vertebrate hosts and vectors and have been detected in North America, Australia, Asia, and Europe. This study presents molecular characterization of Bartonella strains circulating in wild rodents. B. taylorii and B. grahamii are detected with high prevalence in mice, voles, and rats. However, there is a lack of knowledge on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of B. taylorii and B. grahamii strains in wild rodents. The objectives of this study were to characterize the genetic diversity of B. taylorii and B. grahamii strains by sequence analysis of the housekeeping gene (rpoB) and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic species region (ITS). Sequence analysis of rpoB gene revealed the presence of 15 B. taylorii genotypes and four B. grahamii genotypes in mice and voles captured in Lithuania. Sequence analysis of the ITS region revealed the presence of six B. taylorii genotypes and four B. grahamii genotypes in Lithuanian voles and mice. Analysis of genetic diversity demonstrated that B. grahamii strains derived from the same geographic region or from regions of close proximity more conservative, while B. grahamii strains from more distant areas are more variable. Genetic diversity of B. taylorii strains seems not to depend on geographic distance.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89034090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-02DOI: 10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4023
J. R. Stonis, A. Remeikis, S. Vargas
We summarize the results of the fieldwork conducted in southwestern Colombia in 2019 and report on new taxa discovered in Colombia. We provide a description of Stigmella foreroi Stonis & Vargas, sp. nov., recently discovered in the Valle del Cauca region, and encourage further research into the Colombian fauna.
{"title":"Colombian Nepticuloidea and Tischerioidea: a small step out of obscurity","authors":"J. R. Stonis, A. Remeikis, S. Vargas","doi":"10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.v65i2.4023","url":null,"abstract":"We summarize the results of the fieldwork conducted in southwestern Colombia in 2019 and report on new taxa discovered in Colombia. We provide a description of Stigmella foreroi Stonis & Vargas, sp. nov., recently discovered in the Valle del Cauca region, and encourage further research into the Colombian fauna.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85855895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3982
S. Tsekhmistrenko, N. Rol, M. Fedorchenko
The study is devoted to the study of the flow of peroxidation processes in various organs and tissues of the body of rabbits of the New Zealand breed in the age aspect. We used blood plasma and homogenate of the brain, the heart, the liver, and the longest back muscle selected after slaughter, from birth to 90-day-age at intervals of 15 days. The content of total lipids and secondary lipid peroxidation products – TBA-reactive substances and enzymes of the antioxidant system were thoroughly studied in the prototype. The presence of high content of common lipids and TBA- reactive substances in blood plasma and liver tissues of rabbits at one day and 15 days of age was established, which pointed to active process of peroxide oxidation of lipids. An increase in the content of TBA- reactive substances was noted in the heart of rabbits with 2.24 mmol/g tissue in one-day animals to 4.85 mmol/g tissue in 90-day-old animals.
{"title":"Peroxide oxidation processes and enzyme activity of the antioxidant system in the organism of rabbits of the New Zealand breed","authors":"S. Tsekhmistrenko, N. Rol, M. Fedorchenko","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3982","url":null,"abstract":"The study is devoted to the study of the flow of peroxidation processes in various organs and tissues of the body of rabbits of the New Zealand breed in the age aspect. We used blood plasma and homogenate of the brain, the heart, the liver, and the longest back muscle selected after slaughter, from birth to 90-day-age at intervals of 15 days. The content of total lipids and secondary lipid peroxidation products – TBA-reactive substances and enzymes of the antioxidant system were thoroughly studied in the prototype. The presence of high content of common lipids and TBA- reactive substances in blood plasma and liver tissues of rabbits at one day and 15 days of age was established, which pointed to active process of peroxide oxidation of lipids. An increase in the content of TBA- reactive substances was noted in the heart of rabbits with 2.24 mmol/g tissue in one-day animals to 4.85 mmol/g tissue in 90-day-old animals.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85925659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3985
J. Sinkevičienė, A. Amšiejus
One of the problems with storing bee products – pollen – is their microbiological pollution. With high levels of pollen contamination by microscopic fungi, toxins synthesized by the fungi of some genera can have a negative impact on human health. During the experiment, the prevalence of microscopic fungi in pollen was evaluated, and their genera and species were identified. Pollen samples were collected at different times of the year – spring and summer – in order to ascertain the abundance and diversity of different fungal genera and species. The dilution method (CFU/g) was used to determine the number of fungal strains per sample and their amount. The total number of fungal strains in the pollen collected in spring ranged from 1.3 to 5.7 × 10–3 CFU/g, in summer –1.0 to 5.8 × 10–3 CFU/g. In the pollen, 11 genera and six species of fungi were identified. The number of fungal genera and species in pollen collected in spring and summer varied insignificantly. In spring, ten genera and six species of fungi were isolated from pollen, and in summer 11 genera and six species were identified. Penicillium and Alternaria fungi dominated the bee pollen.
{"title":"Prevalence of microscopic fungi in bee pollen","authors":"J. Sinkevičienė, A. Amšiejus","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3985","url":null,"abstract":"One of the problems with storing bee products – pollen – is their microbiological pollution. With high levels of pollen contamination by microscopic fungi, toxins synthesized by the fungi of some genera can have a negative impact on human health. During the experiment, the prevalence of microscopic fungi in pollen was evaluated, and their genera and species were identified. Pollen samples were collected at different times of the year – spring and summer – in order to ascertain the abundance and diversity of different fungal genera and species. The dilution method (CFU/g) was used to determine the number of fungal strains per sample and their amount. The total number of fungal strains in the pollen collected in spring ranged from 1.3 to 5.7 × 10–3 CFU/g, in summer –1.0 to 5.8 × 10–3 CFU/g. In the pollen, 11 genera and six species of fungi were identified. The number of fungal genera and species in pollen collected in spring and summer varied insignificantly. In spring, ten genera and six species of fungi were isolated from pollen, and in summer 11 genera and six species were identified. Penicillium and Alternaria fungi dominated the bee pollen.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84162720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3986
O. Chornobrov, S. Bilous, O. Chornobrov, M. Mańko
Conservation and reproduction of rare genotypes of Salix L. species, in particular the blunt-leaved willow (Salix retusa L.) and Jacquin’s Willow (Salix alpina Scop.) that are listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine in the status of rare and endangered species, is one of the urgent tasks of the present. The aim of research was to develop methods of introduction of S. retusa and S. alpina into in vitro culture for their mass reproduction and conservation. The plant material was cultivated on a culture medium prescribed by MS, WPM, and DKW with the addition of growth regulators according to the conventional method. Effective sterilization (over 80%) of explants of S. retusa and S. alpina was achieved by applying a stepwise method, which consisted of consistently maintaining them in solutions 0.1% HgCl2 and 1.0% AgNO3 for 5–6 min. Significant results in the regeneration of explants by activating the growth of available meristems in vitro were observed on MS with the addition of 0.25–0.5 mg/l 6-(Furfurylaminopurine, kinetin) and 2 g/l activated carbon. Our further research will serve as a base for developing microclonal propagation of S. retusa and S. alpina for their conservation and reproduction in vitro.
{"title":"Peculiarities of morphogenesis of the endangered species of wilow (Salix spp.) in vitro","authors":"O. Chornobrov, S. Bilous, O. Chornobrov, M. Mańko","doi":"10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/BIOLOGIJA.V65I1.3986","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation and reproduction of rare genotypes of Salix L. species, in particular the blunt-leaved willow (Salix retusa L.) and Jacquin’s Willow (Salix alpina Scop.) that are listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine in the status of rare and endangered species, is one of the urgent tasks of the present. The aim of research was to develop methods of introduction of S. retusa and S. alpina into in vitro culture for their mass reproduction and conservation. The plant material was cultivated on a culture medium prescribed by MS, WPM, and DKW with the addition of growth regulators according to the conventional method. Effective sterilization (over 80%) of explants of S. retusa and S. alpina was achieved by applying a stepwise method, which consisted of consistently maintaining them in solutions 0.1% HgCl2 and 1.0% AgNO3 for 5–6 min. Significant results in the regeneration of explants by activating the growth of available meristems in vitro were observed on MS with the addition of 0.25–0.5 mg/l 6-(Furfurylaminopurine, kinetin) and 2 g/l activated carbon. Our further research will serve as a base for developing microclonal propagation of S. retusa and S. alpina for their conservation and reproduction in vitro.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87382489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：