Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.1
N. Sabaghnia, M. Janmohammadi, S. Yousefzadeh
Dracocephalum moldavica L., the Moldavian dragonhead, has found its place in folk medicine and has been used to address kidney complaints. Pre-hydration methodologies were administered to dragonhead seeds utilising nano-silicon dioxide at three concentrations: Si1 0 mM as control, Si2 and Si3, 1 and 2 mM, respectively. Concurrently, treatments with nanoparticles of Fe in oxide form encompassed: Fe1 0 mM as control, Fe2 and Fe3, 1 and 2 mM, respectively. A range of parameters, including the germination percentage, weight (fresh and dry) and length of roots and shoots, seed residue dry weight, and root and shoot dry weights were meticulously gauged. The utilisation of the treatment-by-trait biplot facilitated the visualisation of interrelationships of traits and treatments, with the initial two principal components elucidating 80% of the observed variation. The majority of the traits are located in a specific sector of graph with Si2-Fe3 as the optimal pre-hydration treatment. The ideal treatment for eliciting elevated seed germination properties was detected as Si2-Fe3 (1 mM nano-silicon dioxide and 2 mM of Fe oxide nanoparticles) through the ideal entry biplot. Our findings strongly suggest that priming with silicon and Fe in form of nanoparticles holds the potential to expedite both germination and seedling growth in D. moldavica L. In summary, the text emphasises the potential benefits of nanoparticle technology in agriculture, underscores the importance of precise experimental optimisation, highlights the objectivity of the biplot, and suggests promising strategies for seed priming in the cultivation of the Moldavian dragonhead.
{"title":"Graphical biplot assessment of pre-sowing procedures on the seeds of Dracocephalum moldavica L. employing diverse nanoparticles","authors":"N. Sabaghnia, M. Janmohammadi, S. Yousefzadeh","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Dracocephalum moldavica L., the Moldavian dragonhead, has found its place in folk medicine and has been used to address kidney complaints. Pre-hydration methodologies were administered to dragonhead seeds utilising nano-silicon dioxide at three concentrations: Si1 0 mM as control, Si2 and Si3, 1 and 2 mM, respectively. Concurrently, treatments with nanoparticles of Fe in oxide form encompassed: Fe1 0 mM as control, Fe2 and Fe3, 1 and 2 mM, respectively. A range of parameters, including the germination percentage, weight (fresh and dry) and length of roots and shoots, seed residue dry weight, and root and shoot dry weights were meticulously gauged. The utilisation of the treatment-by-trait biplot facilitated the visualisation of interrelationships of traits and treatments, with the initial two principal components elucidating 80% of the observed variation. The majority of the traits are located in a specific sector of graph with Si2-Fe3 as the optimal pre-hydration treatment. The ideal treatment for eliciting elevated seed germination properties was detected as Si2-Fe3 (1 mM nano-silicon dioxide and 2 mM of Fe oxide nanoparticles) through the ideal entry biplot. Our findings strongly suggest that priming with silicon and Fe in form of nanoparticles holds the potential to expedite both germination and seedling growth in D. moldavica L. In summary, the text emphasises the potential benefits of nanoparticle technology in agriculture, underscores the importance of precise experimental optimisation, highlights the objectivity of the biplot, and suggests promising strategies for seed priming in the cultivation of the Moldavian dragonhead.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.2
E. Biose, N. Egun, David Dauda Yusuf
Fish (Gymnarchus niloticus) and sediment samples were used as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in the ecological assessment of the Ossiomo River. These samples were collected monthly (August 2021 to January 2022) and analysed for heavy metal content using standard methods. Results from this study showed that both the sediment and fish were contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metal concentration profile of Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd was observed in the sediment. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for heavy metals in G. niloticus were > 1, with an order of Cd > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Fe > Pb (gills); Cu > Cd > Zn > Cr > Mn > Fe > Pb (liver), and Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Fe > Cd > Pb (muscles). The pollution load index (PLI) values across the three study stations indicate that there is heavy metal pollution of the sediment (PLI > 1). Potential ecological risk index (PERI) assessment showed that stations 1 and 3 exhibited considerable ecological risk (300 < RI ≤ 600), while station 2 indicated a very high ecological risk (RI > 600). There is a need for periodic water quality assessment and monitoring of human and industrialactivities within the Ossiomo River catchment area in order to forestall further deposition of more pollutants into the river and protect public health.
{"title":"Utilisation of biotic and abiotic components in the ecological assessment of the Ossiomo River, Edo State, Nigeria","authors":"E. Biose, N. Egun, David Dauda Yusuf","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Fish (Gymnarchus niloticus) and sediment samples were used as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in the ecological assessment of the Ossiomo River. These samples were collected monthly (August 2021 to January 2022) and analysed for heavy metal content using standard methods. Results from this study showed that both the sediment and fish were contaminated with heavy metals. Heavy metal concentration profile of Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd was observed in the sediment. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for heavy metals in G. niloticus were > 1, with an order of Cd > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Fe > Pb (gills); Cu > Cd > Zn > Cr > Mn > Fe > Pb (liver), and Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Fe > Cd > Pb (muscles). The pollution load index (PLI) values across the three study stations indicate that there is heavy metal pollution of the sediment (PLI > 1). Potential ecological risk index (PERI) assessment showed that stations 1 and 3 exhibited considerable ecological risk (300 < RI ≤ 600), while station 2 indicated a very high ecological risk (RI > 600). There is a need for periodic water quality assessment and monitoring of human and industrialactivities within the Ossiomo River catchment area in order to forestall further deposition of more pollutants into the river and protect public health.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"163 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.3
Giedrė Jarienė, Loreta Dunderienė, Rugilė Antanavičiūtė, A. Aleksandravičienė
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of toxocariasis among the members of community X with and without dogs and its association with lifestyle factors. The sample size was 88 individuals: 44 who owned dogs and 44 who did not. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18 to 72 years. The prevalence of toxocariasis in community X was 12.5%, with 11 of the 88 individuals having IgG antibodies against Toxocara canis. Factors such as outdoor and indoor dog ownership were statistically significantly associated with the prevalence of toxocariasis (p < 0.05). The prevalence of toxocariasis was observed in different age groups. The youngest person to have antibodies against toxocariasis was 20 years old, while the oldest was 68 years old. The highest percentage of infected people was observed in the age group of 62–72 years.
{"title":"Identification of antibodies against Toxocara canis among the members of community X","authors":"Giedrė Jarienė, Loreta Dunderienė, Rugilė Antanavičiūtė, A. Aleksandravičienė","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2024.70.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to determine the prevalence of toxocariasis among the members of community X with and without dogs and its association with lifestyle factors. The sample size was 88 individuals: 44 who owned dogs and 44 who did not. The ages of the subjects ranged from 18 to 72 years. The prevalence of toxocariasis in community X was 12.5%, with 11 of the 88 individuals having IgG antibodies against Toxocara canis. Factors such as outdoor and indoor dog ownership were statistically significantly associated with the prevalence of toxocariasis (p < 0.05). The prevalence of toxocariasis was observed in different age groups. The youngest person to have antibodies against toxocariasis was 20 years old, while the oldest was 68 years old. The highest percentage of infected people was observed in the age group of 62–72 years.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"132 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.1
Grzegorz Kopij
In austral summer 2016/17, a provisional bird atlas project was conducted in the town of Walvis Bay (~260 ha), Namibia. In total, 18 breeding bird species were recorded. Four eudominant species (Cape Sparrow, Rock Dove, Laughing Dove, and Common Waxbill) comprised together 65.2% of all breeding birds. Three dominant species – House Sparrow, Southern Masked Weaver, and Speckled Pigeon – comprised additional 23.0%. The community dominance index (DI) was = 0.40, Shannon’s Diversity Index H’ = 2.21, Simpson’s Diversity Index D = 0.87, and Pielou’s Evenness Index J’ = 0.76. By far the most numerous feeding guild were granivores (88.0% of all birds recorded) followed by insectivores (6.0%) and frugivores (5.3%). Tree and/or shrub nesting birds comprised 59.5%, while birds nesting in/on buildings the remaining 40.5%. There were neither ground-nesting nor holenesting birds. Structure-wise, the avian community in the town resembles avian communities in other parts of the world (strong dominance of granivores, such as sparrows and doves). In austral summer 2018/19, a total of 25 marine species were recorded in the lagoon, of which nine (36%) were Palearctic migrant and 16 (64%) African residents. In terms of the number of individuals, Palearctic migrants constituted 17% and African residents 83%. More than half of all marine birds were Greater Flamingos, while the most numerous Palearctic species was the Curlew Sandpiper.
{"title":"Provisional atlas of breeding birds of Walvis Bay in the coastal Namib Desert","authors":"Grzegorz Kopij","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In austral summer 2016/17, a provisional bird atlas project was conducted in the town of Walvis Bay (~260 ha), Namibia. In total, 18 breeding bird species were recorded. Four eudominant species (Cape Sparrow, Rock Dove, Laughing Dove, and Common Waxbill) comprised together 65.2% of all breeding birds. Three dominant species – House Sparrow, Southern Masked Weaver, and Speckled Pigeon – comprised additional 23.0%. The community dominance index (DI) was = 0.40, Shannon’s Diversity Index H’ = 2.21, Simpson’s Diversity Index D = 0.87, and Pielou’s Evenness Index J’ = 0.76. By far the most numerous feeding guild were granivores (88.0% of all birds recorded) followed by insectivores (6.0%) and frugivores (5.3%). Tree and/or shrub nesting birds comprised 59.5%, while birds nesting in/on buildings the remaining 40.5%. There were neither ground-nesting nor holenesting birds. Structure-wise, the avian community in the town resembles avian communities in other parts of the world (strong dominance of granivores, such as sparrows and doves). In austral summer 2018/19, a total of 25 marine species were recorded in the lagoon, of which nine (36%) were Palearctic migrant and 16 (64%) African residents. In terms of the number of individuals, Palearctic migrants constituted 17% and African residents 83%. More than half of all marine birds were Greater Flamingos, while the most numerous Palearctic species was the Curlew Sandpiper. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"166 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.3
Karolina Jankauskaitė, G. Zamokas, B. Karvelienė
The wide variety of infectious and parasitic disorders known as vector-borne diseases are spread by blood-feeding parasites such as ticks, fleas, lice, and mosquitoes. Anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, and borreliosis are important for both animal welfare and their potential to spread to humans. In addition, several social and environmental factors, such as shifts in the planet temperature and ecosystems, an increase in animal and human mobility, and chemoresistance to insecticides and acaricides are constantly changing the epidemiological scenario of vector-borne diseases. When these arthropods feed on an infected animal, they pick up the disease-causing pathogens. When, subsequently, they feed on a healthy animal, they can transmit the pathogen to that animal through their saliva. Early detection and treatment of these diseases is critical to ensure the best possible outcomes for affected dogs. The aim of the article was to discuss the most common vector-borne diseases in dogs in Europe, looking at the prevalence of the diseases and the health risks for dogs. We attempted to summarise the latest literature on various aspects of the disease pathophysiology, epidemiology, advantages and disadvantages of diagnostic techniques, available treatments, and methods for prevention in dogs.
{"title":"Most common vector-borne diseases in dogs in Europe: a review","authors":"Karolina Jankauskaitė, G. Zamokas, B. Karvelienė","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The wide variety of infectious and parasitic disorders known as vector-borne diseases are spread by blood-feeding parasites such as ticks, fleas, lice, and mosquitoes. Anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, and borreliosis are important for both animal welfare and their potential to spread to humans. In addition, several social and environmental factors, such as shifts in the planet temperature and ecosystems, an increase in animal and human mobility, and chemoresistance to insecticides and acaricides are constantly changing the epidemiological scenario of vector-borne diseases. When these arthropods feed on an infected animal, they pick up the disease-causing pathogens. When, subsequently, they feed on a healthy animal, they can transmit the pathogen to that animal through their saliva. Early detection and treatment of these diseases is critical to ensure the best possible outcomes for affected dogs. The aim of the article was to discuss the most common vector-borne diseases in dogs in Europe, looking at the prevalence of the diseases and the health risks for dogs. We attempted to summarise the latest literature on various aspects of the disease pathophysiology, epidemiology, advantages and disadvantages of diagnostic techniques, available treatments, and methods for prevention in dogs. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.2
Indrė Lipatova, Ugnė Medikaitė, D. Ambrasienė
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in adults who were bitten by a tick at least once and did not have classical signs and symptoms of Lyme disease. A total of 88 people from different cities in Lithuania were tested for the presence of Lyme disease IgG. The results showed that the prevalence of infection among participants was 11.4%. Unit values ranged from 12.26 U to 44.78 U. A higher number of Lyme disease cases was observed in older people and those who actively spend their time outdoors. This study shows the importance of the use of serological tests in the diagnosis of Lyme disease for patients with non-specific symptoms.
{"title":"Detection of IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in adults","authors":"Indrė Lipatova, Ugnė Medikaitė, D. Ambrasienė","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of IgG antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi in adults who were bitten by a tick at least once and did not have classical signs and symptoms of Lyme disease. A total of 88 people from different cities in Lithuania were tested for the presence of Lyme disease IgG. The results showed that the prevalence of infection among participants was 11.4%. Unit values ranged from 12.26 U to 44.78 U. A higher number of Lyme disease cases was observed in older people and those who actively spend their time outdoors. This study shows the importance of the use of serological tests in the diagnosis of Lyme disease for patients with non-specific symptoms. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.4
A. Aleksandravičienė, Rasa Volskienė, Monika Muliuolytė, Daiva Šakienė, Žaneta Maželienė
The aim of the study was to identify the Demodex mites collected from the patients’ eyelashes from the X outpatient clinic in Lithuania and the bacteria they carry. A total of 62 mites were collected from 15 different patients who complained of redness and itchiness around the eyes, rubbing around the eye area. Morphological examination of mites was carried out with an optical microscope. The Mites’ DNA was isolated using a DNA isolation kit, bacterial amplification was performed using specific primers for amplification of the 16S RNA gene fragment. Demodex folliculiorum was identified in all the examined samples, Demodex brevis was detected in only one sample. No bacteria were detected in the analysed samples.
{"title":"Identification of Demodex spp. mites on human eyelashes in Lithuania","authors":"A. Aleksandravičienė, Rasa Volskienė, Monika Muliuolytė, Daiva Šakienė, Žaneta Maželienė","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The aim of the study was to identify the Demodex mites collected from the patients’ eyelashes from the X outpatient clinic in Lithuania and the bacteria they carry. A total of 62 mites were collected from 15 different patients who complained of redness and itchiness around the eyes, rubbing around the eye area. Morphological examination of mites was carried out with an optical microscope. The Mites’ DNA was isolated using a DNA isolation kit, bacterial amplification was performed using specific primers for amplification of the 16S RNA gene fragment. Demodex folliculiorum was identified in all the examined samples, Demodex brevis was detected in only one sample. No bacteria were detected in the analysed samples. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.4
Donata Mikalauskienė, Zoja Miknienė
In Europe, Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in livestock have been reported in several countries, particularly in northern and central Europe, where the climate is temperate or cold. In these regions, the infection is most commonly observed in grazing animals, such as cattle and sheep, during the summer months. The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection in livestock can also vary within countries depending on the farming practices and management of the animals. Different studies report varying rates of infection in different countries and regions. In Europe, seroprevalence in livestock has been reported to range from 0% to 55%, with higher rates observed in regions with high tick densities. Molecular methods detect 0% to 85.71% (in animals with clinical symptoms) and 23.94% (using random selection) of A. phagocytophilum genetic material in farm animals. As the infections of Anaplasma spp. bacterium are often asymptomatic or clinical symptoms are not specific in some cases, we hypothesise that there are more anaplasmosis cases in Europe than expected. In this review we analysed scientific data excluding clinical cases, even though there are multiple cases described in different countries in the region of our review.
{"title":"Anaplasma phagocytophilum in temperate and cold regions of Europe: a review on its prevalence in livestock","authors":"Donata Mikalauskienė, Zoja Miknienė","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"In Europe, Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in livestock have been reported in several countries, particularly in northern and central Europe, where the climate is temperate or cold. In these regions, the infection is most commonly observed in grazing animals, such as cattle and sheep, during the summer months. The prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection in livestock can also vary within countries depending on the farming practices and management of the animals. Different studies report varying rates of infection in different countries and regions. In Europe, seroprevalence in livestock has been reported to range from 0% to 55%, with higher rates observed in regions with high tick densities. Molecular methods detect 0% to 85.71% (in animals with clinical symptoms) and 23.94% (using random selection) of A. phagocytophilum genetic material in farm animals. As the infections of Anaplasma spp. bacterium are often asymptomatic or clinical symptoms are not specific in some cases, we hypothesise that there are more anaplasmosis cases in Europe than expected. In this review we analysed scientific data excluding clinical cases, even though there are multiple cases described in different countries in the region of our review.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136071431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.2
Peter Osaretin Uwaifo, Nkonyeasua Kingsley Egun, Timothy Imuetinya Agho
The increasing exposure of freshwater bodies to pollutants and the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in body parts of aquatic organisms has raised concerns on the ecotoxicological and human health risk. This study evaluated the potential ecological and human health risk of heavy metal pollution in sediment and benthic fauna (Caridina africana) of the Osse River, Edo State, Nigeria. Using requisite equipment, samples of water sediment and C. africana were collected at designated stations from September 2015 to February 2017. Heavy metal concentrations in samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result showed heavy metal contamination with concentration profiles of Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd > V in sediments and Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd > V in C. africana. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) values classified stations 1, 2 and 4 as of low ecological risk (PERI ≤ 150), while station 3 (PERI ≤ 300) was classified as of moderate ecological risk. Human health risk assessment for heavy metals in C. africana indicated significant non-carcinogenic health risk (HI > 1), and high carcinogenic risk to human health. The consumption of the contaminated C. africana, which is harvested in commercial quantities, portends health risk to the general public. There is need for urgent action in the abatement and regulation of identified anthropogenic activities responsible for the release of these heavy metals into the Osse River.
{"title":"Ecotoxicological risk assessment of metalloid contamination in the sediment and benthic fauna of a tropical lotic freshwater ecosystem in Southern Nigeria","authors":"Peter Osaretin Uwaifo, Nkonyeasua Kingsley Egun, Timothy Imuetinya Agho","doi":"10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing exposure of freshwater bodies to pollutants and the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in body parts of aquatic organisms has raised concerns on the ecotoxicological and human health risk. This study evaluated the potential ecological and human health risk of heavy metal pollution in sediment and benthic fauna (Caridina africana) of the Osse River, Edo State, Nigeria. Using requisite equipment, samples of water sediment and C. africana were collected at designated stations from September 2015 to February 2017. Heavy metal concentrations in samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Result showed heavy metal contamination with concentration profiles of Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd > V in sediments and Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Cr > Pb > Cd > V in C. africana. The potential ecological risk index (PERI) values classified stations 1, 2 and 4 as of low ecological risk (PERI ≤ 150), while station 3 (PERI ≤ 300) was classified as of moderate ecological risk. Human health risk assessment for heavy metals in C. africana indicated significant non-carcinogenic health risk (HI > 1), and high carcinogenic risk to human health. The consumption of the contaminated C. africana, which is harvested in commercial quantities, portends health risk to the general public. There is need for urgent action in the abatement and regulation of identified anthropogenic activities responsible for the release of these heavy metals into the Osse River.","PeriodicalId":8858,"journal":{"name":"Biologija","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136072207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-10DOI: 10.6001/biologija.2023.69.3.1
Hasan Kouchakkhani, Mohsen Janmohammadi, Naser Sabaghnia
The soils of semi-arid regions have serious nutrient deficiencies, and it seems that the qualitative aspects of crops are strongly influenced by fertiliser management and planting patterns. The current experiment was carried out to evaluate the fatty acid composition of safflower oil under the application of different fertilisers (control, farmyard manure at 10 and 20 t ha–1, NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), nano Fe+Zn) and four different planting patterns (planting in-furrow or on-ridge with inter-row distances of 40 cm or 60 cm) in the semi-arid region of north-western Iran (Maragheh). Results showed that all oil compositions significantly responded to fertiliser treatments. Utilisation of farmyard manure (FYM) increased seed oil content, and the highest oil content was recorded in planting on-ridge, which was 18% higher than the control condition. The highest percentage of seed protein was obtained by application of NPK and planting on-ridge with wider inter-row distance. Evaluation of saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, myristic, lauric) showed that the application of high levels of FYM significantly increased these compositions. However, the effect of FYM20 application on main unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid) was much more evident, and it increased iodine value. Taken together, the results of this study indicated a positive and significant effect of the application of high levels of FYM in on-ridge planting with wider row spacing on the qualitative and nutritional aspects of safflower oil.
半干旱地区的土壤严重缺乏养分，作物的质量似乎受到肥料管理和种植方式的强烈影响。本试验旨在研究在伊朗西北部半干旱区(Maragheh)施用不同肥料(对照、10和20 t hm - 1农家肥、NPK(氮、磷、钾)、纳米铁+锌)和4种不同种植模式(沟内种植或垄上种植，行距为40 cm或60 cm)下红花油脂肪酸组成的变化。结果表明，各油分组分对施肥处理均有显著响应。施用农家肥提高了种子含油量，其中垄上种植的含油量最高，比对照高18%。施用氮磷钾和垄上种植行间距较宽，籽粒蛋白质含量最高。对饱和脂肪酸(棕榈酸、硬脂酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸)的评估表明，高水平的FYM显著增加了这些成分。然而，FYM20对主要不饱和脂肪酸(亚油酸)的影响更为明显，并提高了碘值。综上所述，本研究结果表明，在宽行距的垄上种植中施用高水平FYM对红花油的质量和营养方面有积极而显著的影响。
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