Pub Date : 2020-02-12DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.16
O. F. Miazi, G. Miah, Mki Khan, Ashutosh Das, M. Hossain
A study was carried out from June 2008 to May 2009 on Aseel and F1 of Hilly chicken under intensive rearing system at Chattogram District of Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to estimate phenotypic characteristics and weight-gain up to sexual maturity of Aseel and F1 of Hilly chicken. The Aseel and F1 of Hilly chickens were collected from the Sarail Upazila of Brahmanbaria District and hill tract regions of Bangladesh. After collection the chickens their morphological characteristics and the measurements of different body parts were recorded. The average mature weight of Aseel male and female were 4000±94.99 gm and 2200±67.82 gm. There earlobe is red and they possess single comb in case of male and strawberry type comb in case of female and there shank color is yellowish white in male and yellow in female. The shank length, the total body length and ground to head height was recorded in male and female 15.24±.22cm and 10.79±.10cm, 73.66±.76cm and 56.52±.53cm, 60.96±.43cm and 48.26±.42cm respectively. The length of sickle feather was found 26.67±.77cm in cock. Adult live weight of F1 of Hilly males and females were 900 ±28.67gm and 850±24.04gm respectively. There earlobe is red and they possess single comb and there shank color is blackish yellow. Length, color of wattle rudimentary, red and the color of eye and eye ring was found black and red in both male and female F1 of Hilly. The shank length, beak to tail length and ground to head height was found in case of F1 of Hilly male and female 8.89±.31cm and 7.62±.35cm, 54.46±.55cm and 38.98±.53cm, 31.75±.62cm and 25.4±.58cm respectively. But the length of sickle feather of cock was found 33.02±.46 cm. The average weight-gain of Aseel chicks after first laying age was (1995 gm) which was higher than that of F1 of Hilly (850 gm). The first laying age of both Aseel and F1 of Hilly were 210 and 180 days respectively. Weight-gain and environmental adaptation of Aseel chicks were better than F1 of Hilly. So, the former breed is better for conservation issue than the later in the ex-situ conservation system.
{"title":"Phenotypic Characteristics and Weight-gain Up to Sexual Maturity of Aseel and F1 of Hilly (Red Jungle X Hilly) Chicken","authors":"O. F. Miazi, G. Miah, Mki Khan, Ashutosh Das, M. Hossain","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.16","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out from June 2008 to May 2009 on Aseel and F1 of Hilly chicken under intensive rearing system at Chattogram District of Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to estimate phenotypic characteristics and weight-gain up to sexual maturity of Aseel and F1 of Hilly chicken. The Aseel and F1 of Hilly chickens were collected from the Sarail Upazila of Brahmanbaria District and hill tract regions of Bangladesh. After collection the chickens their morphological characteristics and the measurements of different body parts were recorded. The average mature weight of Aseel male and female were 4000±94.99 gm and 2200±67.82 gm. There earlobe is red and they possess single comb in case of male and strawberry type comb in case of female and there shank color is yellowish white in male and yellow in female. The shank length, the total body length and ground to head height was recorded in male and female 15.24±.22cm and 10.79±.10cm, 73.66±.76cm and 56.52±.53cm, 60.96±.43cm and 48.26±.42cm respectively. The length of sickle feather was found 26.67±.77cm in cock. Adult live weight of F1 of Hilly males and females were 900 ±28.67gm and 850±24.04gm respectively. There earlobe is red and they possess single comb and there shank color is blackish yellow. Length, color of wattle rudimentary, red and the color of eye and eye ring was found black and red in both male and female F1 of Hilly. The shank length, beak to tail length and ground to head height was found in case of F1 of Hilly male and female 8.89±.31cm and 7.62±.35cm, 54.46±.55cm and 38.98±.53cm, 31.75±.62cm and 25.4±.58cm respectively. But the length of sickle feather of cock was found 33.02±.46 cm. The average weight-gain of Aseel chicks after first laying age was (1995 gm) which was higher than that of F1 of Hilly (850 gm). The first laying age of both Aseel and F1 of Hilly were 210 and 180 days respectively. Weight-gain and environmental adaptation of Aseel chicks were better than F1 of Hilly. So, the former breed is better for conservation issue than the later in the ex-situ conservation system.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"33 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86020841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.14
Eirini Tarsani, G. Theodorou, I. Palamidi, A. Kominakis
Traditionally, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) require maximum numbers of genotyped and phenotyped animals to efficiently detect marker-trait associations. Under financial constraints, alternative solutions should be envisaged such that of performing GWAS with fractioned samples of the population. In the present study, we investigated the potential of using random and extreme phenotype samples of a population including 6,700 broilers in detecting significant markers and candidate genes for a typical complex trait (body weight at 35 days). We also explored the utility of using continuous vs. dichotomized phenotypes to detect marker-trait associations. Present results revealed that extreme phenotype samples were superior to random samples while detection efficacy was higher on the continuous over the dichotomous phenotype scale. Furthermore, the use of 50% extreme phenotype samples resulted in detection of 8 out of the 10 markers identified in whole population sampling. Putative causative variants identified in 50% extreme phenotype samples resided in genomic regions harboring 10 growth-related QTLs (e.g. breast muscle percentage, abdominal fat weight etc.) and 6 growth related genes (CACNB1, MYOM2, SLC20A1, ANXA4, FBXO32, SLAIN2). Current findings proposed the use of 50% extreme phenotype sampling as the optimal sampling strategy when performing a cost-effective GWAS.
{"title":"Identification of Candidate Genes for Body Weight in Broilers Using Extreme-Phenotype Genome-Wide Association Study","authors":"Eirini Tarsani, G. Theodorou, I. Palamidi, A. Kominakis","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.14","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) require maximum numbers of genotyped and phenotyped animals to efficiently detect marker-trait associations. Under financial constraints, alternative solutions should be envisaged such that of performing GWAS with fractioned samples of the population. In the present study, we investigated the potential of using random and extreme phenotype samples of a population including 6,700 broilers in detecting significant markers and candidate genes for a typical complex trait (body weight at 35 days). We also explored the utility of using continuous vs. dichotomized phenotypes to detect marker-trait associations. Present results revealed that extreme phenotype samples were superior to random samples while detection efficacy was higher on the continuous over the dichotomous phenotype scale. Furthermore, the use of 50% extreme phenotype samples resulted in detection of 8 out of the 10 markers identified in whole population sampling. Putative causative variants identified in 50% extreme phenotype samples resided in genomic regions harboring 10 growth-related QTLs (e.g. breast muscle percentage, abdominal fat weight etc.) and 6 growth related genes (CACNB1, MYOM2, SLC20A1, ANXA4, FBXO32, SLAIN2). Current findings proposed the use of 50% extreme phenotype sampling as the optimal sampling strategy when performing a cost-effective GWAS.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"30 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80595021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-01DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.15
Sahar Mohamed Ali Mohamed Babiker, Afra M. Al Bkrye, H. A. Elnasri, M. A. Khaier
Roberts’s syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by limb and facial abnormalities. Affected individuals also grow slowly before and after birth. This syndrome is associated with ESCO2 (Establishment of Sister Chromatid cohesion N- acetyltransferase 2) gene mutations. SNPs in the coding region (exonal SNPs) that are non-synonymous (nsSNPs), the SNPs and related ensembles protein (ESNP) were obtained from the SNPs database (dbSNP) for computational analysis. Bioinformatics analysis of ESCO2 exonal non-synonymous SNPs initiated by GeneMANIA, SIFT, Polyphen-2, PHD, SNP&GO, Provean and ProjctHope. There were 85 nsSNPs, they had been submitted to SIFT software to predict the tolerant and intolerant SNPs, they had been sorted to 65 Tolerated SNPs and 20 Deleterious SNPs. SIFT deleterious SNPs had been tested by polyphen-2 software and the result was 3 benign SNPs, 3 possibly damaging and 14 probably damaging SNPs. The same 20 SNPs were tested using SNP&GO software and gave the same result for PHD and SNP&GO (4 diseased and 16 neutral) and the result obtained when using Provean software was 12 SNPs were neutral while only 8 SNPs were deleterious. The total nsSNPs affecting the structure, function and causing disease in the tested software were 4 nsSNPs (rs80359868, rs146312522, rs200548692, rs373708669) Protein structural analysis was done using all of CPH server, Raptor X, Project HOPE and chimera for the 4 pathological SNPs (W539, C392Y, R427C and D403V) resulted in all function prediction software. and, these results are at use for further researches and studies on this gene and it`s mutations.
{"title":"Data Mining Analysis of ESCO2 Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated with Roberts’s Syndrome","authors":"Sahar Mohamed Ali Mohamed Babiker, Afra M. Al Bkrye, H. A. Elnasri, M. A. Khaier","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.15","url":null,"abstract":"Roberts’s syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by limb and facial abnormalities. Affected individuals also grow slowly before and after birth. This syndrome is associated with ESCO2 (Establishment of Sister Chromatid cohesion N- acetyltransferase 2) gene mutations. SNPs in the coding region (exonal SNPs) that are non-synonymous (nsSNPs), the SNPs and related ensembles protein (ESNP) were obtained from the SNPs database (dbSNP) for computational analysis. Bioinformatics analysis of ESCO2 exonal non-synonymous SNPs initiated by GeneMANIA, SIFT, Polyphen-2, PHD, SNP&GO, Provean and ProjctHope. There were 85 nsSNPs, they had been submitted to SIFT software to predict the tolerant and intolerant SNPs, they had been sorted to 65 Tolerated SNPs and 20 Deleterious SNPs. SIFT deleterious SNPs had been tested by polyphen-2 software and the result was 3 benign SNPs, 3 possibly damaging and 14 probably damaging SNPs. The same 20 SNPs were tested using SNP&GO software and gave the same result for PHD and SNP&GO (4 diseased and 16 neutral) and the result obtained when using Provean software was 12 SNPs were neutral while only 8 SNPs were deleterious. The total nsSNPs affecting the structure, function and causing disease in the tested software were 4 nsSNPs (rs80359868, rs146312522, rs200548692, rs373708669) Protein structural analysis was done using all of CPH server, Raptor X, Project HOPE and chimera for the 4 pathological SNPs (W539, C392Y, R427C and D403V) resulted in all function prediction software. and, these results are at use for further researches and studies on this gene and it`s mutations.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"41 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77748133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-22DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.13
Exonam Amegan, A. Efisue, M. Akoroda, A. Shittu, Fiot Tonegnikes
Background and objectives Assessment of genetic diversity is a prerequisite for any crop improvement program. It helps plant breeders in identifying promising lines for possible crosses. Materials and methods: This study was carried out at AfricaRice Center, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria, and evaluated 123 accessions from South Korea with 7 genotypes form Africa. The experiment was conducted in dry season using Alpha lattice design with 26 blocks each planted in five entries, replicated two times. Results: PCA showed that the first four components accounted for 73.59% of the total variation. Thus, suggest the presence of large genetic variability, which is of important, as it gives wide spectrum of selection to the breeders. Among all genotypes UPN296, UPN248 and UPN272 showed higher number of productive tillers, while UPN255, UPN332, and UPN 285 were superior for 1000-grain weight. The genotypes such as UPN277 and UPN261 proved to be better for number of spikelets, while UPN347, UPN266, and UPIA2 were better for grain yield. Cluster analysis grouped the 130 genotypes into 4 clusters. All the 17 SSRs markers used were polymorphic. A total of 70 alleles were obtained with an average of 4.12, and ranged from 2 to 6. PIC values ranged from 0.34 to 0.76 with an average of 0.53 with 17 SSR markers. UPGMA dendrogram based on similarity index of simple matching grouped 130 genotypes into three clusters. Conclusion. UPN347, UPN277, UPN296, UPN255 and UPIA2 shown to be the most promising genotypes that could be used for rice hybridization, genetic improvement and rice hybrid programme in Nigeria.
{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Korean Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm for Yield and Yield Related Traits for Adoption in Rice Farming System in Nigeria","authors":"Exonam Amegan, A. Efisue, M. Akoroda, A. Shittu, Fiot Tonegnikes","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.13","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives Assessment of genetic diversity is a prerequisite for any crop improvement program. It helps plant breeders in identifying promising lines for possible crosses. Materials and methods: This study was carried out at AfricaRice Center, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria, and evaluated 123 accessions from South Korea with 7 genotypes form Africa. The experiment was conducted in dry season using Alpha lattice design with 26 blocks each planted in five entries, replicated two times. Results: PCA showed that the first four components accounted for 73.59% of the total variation. Thus, suggest the presence of large genetic variability, which is of important, as it gives wide spectrum of selection to the breeders. Among all genotypes UPN296, UPN248 and UPN272 showed higher number of productive tillers, while UPN255, UPN332, and UPN 285 were superior for 1000-grain weight. The genotypes such as UPN277 and UPN261 proved to be better for number of spikelets, while UPN347, UPN266, and UPIA2 were better for grain yield. Cluster analysis grouped the 130 genotypes into 4 clusters. All the 17 SSRs markers used were polymorphic. A total of 70 alleles were obtained with an average of 4.12, and ranged from 2 to 6. PIC values ranged from 0.34 to 0.76 with an average of 0.53 with 17 SSR markers. UPGMA dendrogram based on similarity index of simple matching grouped 130 genotypes into three clusters. Conclusion. UPN347, UPN277, UPN296, UPN255 and UPIA2 shown to be the most promising genotypes that could be used for rice hybridization, genetic improvement and rice hybrid programme in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72706822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-04DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.12
Olusegun David Badewa, Andrew Gana Saba, E. Tsado, K. D. Tolorunse
Cassava provides energy sources for millions of people particularly in Africa where it is being planted mostly by rural subsistent farmers. The storage roots are rich in carbohydrates but deficient in vitamin A and consumption of which leads to hidden hunger as a result of insufficient intake of vitamins. The most widely approach in biofortification is conventional breeding which involves selection of varieties that is high in micronutrients such as vitamins and at the same time high yielding. However, cassava varieties cultivated by farmers usually stay long on the farmers field in a bid to wait to attain reasonable yield thereby preventing the land to be used for other crop cultivation. Another big issue is the problem of cattle invasion and bush fires that usually occurs in some areas. This has therefore necessitated the need to provide farmers with early bulking cassava varieties with considerable yield attainment and consequently reducing the stay of the crop on farmers’ field while also improving the nutritional status through biofortification. As a result of this development, the farmers would have harvested their crop before the usual invasion of animals on their farm. This study evaluated ten cassava genotypes (8 yellow genotypes and a check with 2 white cultivar) considering their harvest index and fresh storage root yield in order to select the highest performing genotypes and to determine the relationship between the two indices as a measure of performance in terms of yield. The first four genotype that had high Harvest Index was identified and these traits was also correlated with yield. The study revealed that IKN 120036 and IBA141092 were the highest performing genotypes in terms of harvest index and fresh storage root yield.
{"title":"Selection of Early Bulking Performance Among Pro Vitamin A Cassava Genotypes Based on Selective Indices of Fresh Storage Root Yield and Harvest Index","authors":"Olusegun David Badewa, Andrew Gana Saba, E. Tsado, K. D. Tolorunse","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.12","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava provides energy sources for millions of people particularly in Africa where it is being planted mostly by rural subsistent farmers. The storage roots are rich in carbohydrates but deficient in vitamin A and consumption of which leads to hidden hunger as a result of insufficient intake of vitamins. The most widely approach in biofortification is conventional breeding which involves selection of varieties that is high in micronutrients such as vitamins and at the same time high yielding. However, cassava varieties cultivated by farmers usually stay long on the farmers field in a bid to wait to attain reasonable yield thereby preventing the land to be used for other crop cultivation. Another big issue is the problem of cattle invasion and bush fires that usually occurs in some areas. This has therefore necessitated the need to provide farmers with early bulking cassava varieties with considerable yield attainment and consequently reducing the stay of the crop on farmers’ field while also improving the nutritional status through biofortification. As a result of this development, the farmers would have harvested their crop before the usual invasion of animals on their farm. This study evaluated ten cassava genotypes (8 yellow genotypes and a check with 2 white cultivar) considering their harvest index and fresh storage root yield in order to select the highest performing genotypes and to determine the relationship between the two indices as a measure of performance in terms of yield. The first four genotype that had high Harvest Index was identified and these traits was also correlated with yield. The study revealed that IKN 120036 and IBA141092 were the highest performing genotypes in terms of harvest index and fresh storage root yield.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"45 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87543927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-04DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.11
W. El-Orabey, O. Mabrouk, M. Gad, S. Esmail
Resistance to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina can be improved in wheat cultivars by detection of leaf rust resistance genes that are present in the wheat cultivars. This study was carried out during 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19 growing seasons to study the inheritance and genetic nature of wheat leaf rust resistance in eight Egyptian bread wheat cultivars i.e. Gemmeiza 9, Gemmeiza 10, Gemmeiza 11, Gemmeiza 12, Sids 1, Sids 12, Sids 13 and Sids 14. Crosses were done between the eight tested wheat cultivars and the highly susceptible wheat variety; Thatcher to determine the nature of leaf rust resistance and number of leaf rust resistance genes in these cultivars. Also, crosses were done between the tested wheat cultivars and six leaf rust monogenic lines i.e. Lr 50, Lr 51, Lr 54, Lr 64, Lr 67 and Lr 68 to determine the presence of these genes in the tested cultivars. The F1 seeds were planted to produce F2 plants. The resulted F2 plants were tested at adult plant stage at Behira governorate during 2018/19 growing season. Segregations of F2 plants at adult plant stages indicated that the wheat cultivar Gemmeiza 12 has the two leaf rust resistance genes; Lr 50 and Lr 67 and the wheat cultivar Sids 14 has one leaf rust resistance gene; Lr 64. While, the other tested wheat cultivars doesn’t carry any of the tested leaf rust resistance genes at adult-plant stage. We recommend using these leaf rust resistance genes in the breeding program to improve wheat resistance to leaf rust.
{"title":"Inheritance and Detection of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes in Some Egyptian Wheat Cultivars","authors":"W. El-Orabey, O. Mabrouk, M. Gad, S. Esmail","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20200801.11","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina can be improved in wheat cultivars by detection of leaf rust resistance genes that are present in the wheat cultivars. This study was carried out during 2016/17, 2017/18 and 2018/19 growing seasons to study the inheritance and genetic nature of wheat leaf rust resistance in eight Egyptian bread wheat cultivars i.e. Gemmeiza 9, Gemmeiza 10, Gemmeiza 11, Gemmeiza 12, Sids 1, Sids 12, Sids 13 and Sids 14. Crosses were done between the eight tested wheat cultivars and the highly susceptible wheat variety; Thatcher to determine the nature of leaf rust resistance and number of leaf rust resistance genes in these cultivars. Also, crosses were done between the tested wheat cultivars and six leaf rust monogenic lines i.e. Lr 50, Lr 51, Lr 54, Lr 64, Lr 67 and Lr 68 to determine the presence of these genes in the tested cultivars. The F1 seeds were planted to produce F2 plants. The resulted F2 plants were tested at adult plant stage at Behira governorate during 2018/19 growing season. Segregations of F2 plants at adult plant stages indicated that the wheat cultivar Gemmeiza 12 has the two leaf rust resistance genes; Lr 50 and Lr 67 and the wheat cultivar Sids 14 has one leaf rust resistance gene; Lr 64. While, the other tested wheat cultivars doesn’t carry any of the tested leaf rust resistance genes at adult-plant stage. We recommend using these leaf rust resistance genes in the breeding program to improve wheat resistance to leaf rust.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"52 3 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85382347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Seka, B. S. Bonny, K. Adjoumani, Y. G. H. A. Eby, B. Adepo-Gourène
Maize leaf plays an important role in the synthesis of organic compounds. It hosts the interception of light energy and conversion to organic energy, and the capture and assimilation of carbon dioxide in order to produce food. In this study, we explore the heritability of the maize leaf length, leaf width, and the number of leaves of two maize genotypes, JNE and BLC. The estimates of heritability varied from 0.2 to 0.44. Only estimates for leaf width and leaf length are significant. The coefficients of genotypic correlation were between 0.45 and 0.66, and like the estimates of heritability, only the genotypic correlations between parents and offspring are significant for leaf length and leaf width of the two genotypes. The estimates of degree of genetic determination also known as heritability in the broad sense are all high. They range between 0.52 and 0.85. We determined a significance criterion for the degree of genetic determination, the critical value at the level of significance = 0.05. We evaluated three methods for finding the critical value. With two methods based on the algebraic transformation of a function of the Snedecor’s F and a simulation based on that function of F, it can be concluded that the estimates of the degree of genetic determination of leaf width of both the JNE and BLC genotypes are significant. With the third method that is based on fitting a Beta distribution, the critical value helped to conclude that none of the estimates of the degree of genetic determination is significant. The Pearson coefficients of correlation between plant height and all three leaf traits showed significant correlation between them, except leaf length and number of leaves. Key words: Heritability, genotypic correlation, degree of genetic determination, genotype, significance test.
{"title":"Inheritance of maize (Zea mays L.) leaf traits","authors":"D. Seka, B. S. Bonny, K. Adjoumani, Y. G. H. A. Eby, B. Adepo-Gourène","doi":"10.5897/ijgmb2019.0184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijgmb2019.0184","url":null,"abstract":"Maize leaf plays an important role in the synthesis of organic compounds. It hosts the interception of light energy and conversion to organic energy, and the capture and assimilation of carbon dioxide in order to produce food. In this study, we explore the heritability of the maize leaf length, leaf width, and the number of leaves of two maize genotypes, JNE and BLC. The estimates of heritability varied from 0.2 to 0.44. Only estimates for leaf width and leaf length are significant. The coefficients of genotypic correlation were between 0.45 and 0.66, and like the estimates of heritability, only the genotypic correlations between parents and offspring are significant for leaf length and leaf width of the two genotypes. The estimates of degree of genetic determination also known as heritability in the broad sense are all high. They range between 0.52 and 0.85. We determined a significance criterion for the degree of genetic determination, the critical value at the level of significance = 0.05. We evaluated three methods for finding the critical value. With two methods based on the algebraic transformation of a function of the Snedecor’s F and a simulation based on that function of F, it can be concluded that the estimates of the degree of genetic determination of leaf width of both the JNE and BLC genotypes are significant. With the third method that is based on fitting a Beta distribution, the critical value helped to conclude that none of the estimates of the degree of genetic determination is significant. The Pearson coefficients of correlation between plant height and all three leaf traits showed significant correlation between them, except leaf length and number of leaves. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Heritability, genotypic correlation, degree of genetic determination, genotype, significance test.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"118 1","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74682081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Gnankambary, T. B. J. Batiéno, N. Sawadogo, M. Sawadogo, D. Yonli, Tinga Jeremy Ou edraogo
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) is an important food legume. However, production is limited by various biotic and abiotic constraints in sub-Saharan Africa and reduced genetic variability hinders crop improvement efforts. Gamma ray irradiation has been used as a mutagen to create variability but optimal dose determination is a prerequisite to maximize the recovery of mutant plants. In this study, three genotypes (KVx396-4-5-2D, Tiligre and Moussa local) from Burkina Faso were treated with four gamma irradiation doses (150, 200, 250 and 300 Gy) using a labelled cobalt source (60CO) and evaluated for seed germination and seedling survival. Results showed that germination and survival rates were severely decreased at treatments greater than 150 Gy and no germination was observed at the 300 Gy dose. The optimum dose (LD 50%) varied for the genotypes and ranged from 129 to 163 GY. Seed characteristic and quality were factors contributing to this variation. Key words: Vigna unguiculata, γ-rays, mutagenesis, variability, radiosensibility.
{"title":"Assessment of radio-sensitivity for three cowpea genotypes to gamma irradiation","authors":"K. Gnankambary, T. B. J. Batiéno, N. Sawadogo, M. Sawadogo, D. Yonli, Tinga Jeremy Ou edraogo","doi":"10.5897/ijgmb2019.0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijgmb2019.0174","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) is an important food legume. However, production is limited by various biotic and abiotic constraints in sub-Saharan Africa and reduced genetic variability hinders crop improvement efforts. Gamma ray irradiation has been used as a mutagen to create variability but optimal dose determination is a prerequisite to maximize the recovery of mutant plants. In this study, three genotypes (KVx396-4-5-2D, Tiligre and Moussa local) from Burkina Faso were treated with four gamma irradiation doses (150, 200, 250 and 300 Gy) using a labelled cobalt source (60CO) and evaluated for seed germination and seedling survival. Results showed that germination and survival rates were severely decreased at treatments greater than 150 Gy and no germination was observed at the 300 Gy dose. The optimum dose (LD 50%) varied for the genotypes and ranged from 129 to 163 GY. Seed characteristic and quality were factors contributing to this variation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Vigna unguiculata, γ-rays, mutagenesis, variability, radiosensibility.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"35 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90600979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaluation of intra specific variability is a key step toward conservation and sustainable use of species. This study was carried out to describe the morphotypes of Solenostemon rotundifolius (Lamiaceae) based on quantitative traits. Three accessions (E02, E35 and E20), representing the morphotypes “A”, “B” and “C” were characterised in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. Twenty-four (24) traits related to the cycle, the canopy size, the production and the tuber size were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant difference of the morphotypes (at level P = 0.05 or 0.01) in the traits related to the canopy and leaf size, the crop cycle, the production and the tuber size. The morphotype “A” was identified to be the most promising one. It was early maturing (107 to 113 days) and the most productive (134.98 g per plant). The cycle of the morphotypes “B” and “C” varied from 154 to 164 days and 118 to 149 days and tuber weight per plant was 46.03 and 45.17 g, respectively. This work is a step toward a full description of the morphotypes of S. rotundifolius. It provided a useful list of quantitative traits that can be used as descriptors for future description of genetic resources of S. rotundifolius and for breeding purposes. Key words: Breeding, genetic resources, Lamiaceae, tuber, variability.
{"title":"Characterisation of three morphotypes of Solenostemon rotundifolius [(Poir.) J. K. Morton] cultivated in Burkina Faso using quantitative traits","authors":"R. Nanéma, Z. Kiébré, R. Traoré, A. Ba, F. Kusi","doi":"10.5897/IJGMB2019.0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJGMB2019.0171","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of intra specific variability is a key step toward conservation and sustainable use of species. This study was carried out to describe the morphotypes of Solenostemon rotundifolius (Lamiaceae) based on quantitative traits. Three accessions (E02, E35 and E20), representing the morphotypes “A”, “B” and “C” were characterised in Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications. Twenty-four (24) traits related to the cycle, the canopy size, the production and the tuber size were measured. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant difference of the morphotypes (at level P = 0.05 or 0.01) in the traits related to the canopy and leaf size, the crop cycle, the production and the tuber size. The morphotype “A” was identified to be the most promising one. It was early maturing (107 to 113 days) and the most productive (134.98 g per plant). The cycle of the morphotypes “B” and “C” varied from 154 to 164 days and 118 to 149 days and tuber weight per plant was 46.03 and 45.17 g, respectively. This work is a step toward a full description of the morphotypes of S. rotundifolius. It provided a useful list of quantitative traits that can be used as descriptors for future description of genetic resources of S. rotundifolius and for breeding purposes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Breeding, genetic resources, Lamiaceae, tuber, variability.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"42 1","pages":"6-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81527120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Koffi, I. Abé, B. Ahouty, Dieudonn e Silu e, T. Konan, A. Tidou
Malaria is a parasitic disease defined as a major problem of public health in Cote d'Ivoire. One of the constraints of the control of this disease might be the genetic diversity of the main pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum. This study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in individuals at the regional health center in Daloa, Cote d’Ivoire. A total of 380 blood samples were collected from patients, from June to October, 2015, based on malaria clinical signs and symptoms. Whole DNA was extracted from blood samples tested positive by microscopic examination for P. falciparum. A nested PCR targeting the msp-1(block 2) allelic families was implemented for the parasite genetic diversity. The associations between malaria infection and socio-environment factors were estimated. Out of the 380 examined patients, 262 were tested positive by microscopic examination representing a prevalence of 68.95%. Genotyping from 160 sample randomly chosen allowed to identify 35 alleles comprising 13 K1, 12 Mad 20 and 10 Ro33 type. Mixed infections were significantly correlated with the parasite load. The number of parasite strains hosted by a patient was significantly linked to the level of anemia and the parasite density. The multiplicity of the infection (MOI) decreased significantly with the age. Genetic variability of strains is a very important parameter to be taken into account in the epidemiology of malaria. The present results should draw the attention of decision-makers to develop a better monitoring strategy for the elimination of malaria in an endemic country such as Cote d'Ivoire. Key words: Plasmodium falciparum, malaria, infection rate, genetic diversity, Cote d’Ivoire.
{"title":"Prevalence and genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in patients attending regional health center in Daloa, Cte dIvoire","authors":"M. Koffi, I. Abé, B. Ahouty, Dieudonn e Silu e, T. Konan, A. Tidou","doi":"10.5897/ijgmb2019.0179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijgmb2019.0179","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is a parasitic disease defined as a major problem of public health in Cote d'Ivoire. One of the constraints of the control of this disease might be the genetic diversity of the main pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum. This study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in individuals at the regional health center in Daloa, Cote d’Ivoire. A total of 380 blood samples were collected from patients, from June to October, 2015, based on malaria clinical signs and symptoms. Whole DNA was extracted from blood samples tested positive by microscopic examination for P. falciparum. A nested PCR targeting the msp-1(block 2) allelic families was implemented for the parasite genetic diversity. The associations between malaria infection and socio-environment factors were estimated. Out of the 380 examined patients, 262 were tested positive by microscopic examination representing a prevalence of 68.95%. Genotyping from 160 sample randomly chosen allowed to identify 35 alleles comprising 13 K1, 12 Mad 20 and 10 Ro33 type. Mixed infections were significantly correlated with the parasite load. The number of parasite strains hosted by a patient was significantly linked to the level of anemia and the parasite density. The multiplicity of the infection (MOI) decreased significantly with the age. Genetic variability of strains is a very important parameter to be taken into account in the epidemiology of malaria. The present results should draw the attention of decision-makers to develop a better monitoring strategy for the elimination of malaria in an endemic country such as Cote d'Ivoire. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Plasmodium falciparum, malaria, infection rate, genetic diversity, Cote d’Ivoire.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"6 1","pages":"50-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90777672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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