N. Edouard, Kouadja G. Severin, Kouassi N’gouan Cyrille, Loukou N’Goran Etienne, Eka Jean Yves, D. Charles, Sangare Mamadou, Yapi-Gnaoré Valentine
Phenotypic characterization is used to identify and document diversity within and between distinct breeds, based on their observable attributes. Study to assess the body characteristics and variability of 204 Djallonke (West African dwarf) ewes was conducted in three agro-ecological zones (central, western and northern) of Cote d’Ivoire, from November 2016 to April 2017. Animals were described using visual appreciation of the body hair coat (colour type and pattern), hair length, ear orientation, tail type and the facial (head) profile. The linear body measurements, such as ear and tail length, muzzle length and width, height at wither, chest depth, and chest girth were also described. The data collected were subjected to principal component (PCA) and discriminant analysis. Results showed that the most common Djallonke ewes had erected ear (87.25%), thin tail and straight face. The dominant colour pattern of the body hair coat was patchy (64.22%) followed by plain (32.84%) and spotted (2.94%). The agro-ecological zone had a significant (p˂0.01) effect on some linear body measurements (muzzle length, ear length and height wither). Based on PCA performed with all the above morphological variabilities, we were able to segregate the Djallonke ewes’ into three clusters (I, II and III). Discriminant analysis revealed that 76.27% sheep of cluster I, 92.80% sheep of cluster II and 90% sheep of cluster III were correctly classified in their original cluster. This result indicated that Ivorian Djallonke sheep population comprises of three well characterized morphological types of animals. This information could constitute a basis for further characterization and development of conservation strategies for Djallonke sheep breeding in Cote d’Ivoire. Key words: Local, sheep, breed, morphological, variability, West Africa.
{"title":"Primary morphological characterization of West African dwarf (Djallonk) ewes from Cte dIvoire based on qualitative and quantitative traits","authors":"N. Edouard, Kouadja G. Severin, Kouassi N’gouan Cyrille, Loukou N’Goran Etienne, Eka Jean Yves, D. Charles, Sangare Mamadou, Yapi-Gnaoré Valentine","doi":"10.5897/IJGMB2019.0170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJGMB2019.0170","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotypic characterization is used to identify and document diversity within and between distinct breeds, based on their observable attributes. Study to assess the body characteristics and variability of 204 Djallonke (West African dwarf) ewes was conducted in three agro-ecological zones (central, western and northern) of Cote d’Ivoire, from November 2016 to April 2017. Animals were described using visual appreciation of the body hair coat (colour type and pattern), hair length, ear orientation, tail type and the facial (head) profile. The linear body measurements, such as ear and tail length, muzzle length and width, height at wither, chest depth, and chest girth were also described. The data collected were subjected to principal component (PCA) and discriminant analysis. Results showed that the most common Djallonke ewes had erected ear (87.25%), thin tail and straight face. The dominant colour pattern of the body hair coat was patchy (64.22%) followed by plain (32.84%) and spotted (2.94%). The agro-ecological zone had a significant (p˂0.01) effect on some linear body measurements (muzzle length, ear length and height wither). Based on PCA performed with all the above morphological variabilities, we were able to segregate the Djallonke ewes’ into three clusters (I, II and III). Discriminant analysis revealed that 76.27% sheep of cluster I, 92.80% sheep of cluster II and 90% sheep of cluster III were correctly classified in their original cluster. This result indicated that Ivorian Djallonke sheep population comprises of three well characterized morphological types of animals. This information could constitute a basis for further characterization and development of conservation strategies for Djallonke sheep breeding in Cote d’Ivoire. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Local, sheep, breed, morphological, variability, West Africa.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"7 1","pages":"16-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81766311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mètuor-Dabir e Amana, Sougu e Serge, Tiemtor e Rahimatou Yasmine Wend-Kuni, Zohoncon Th eodora Mahoukèdè, Bangr e Yasmine Aminata, Ou edraogo Paul, Kabré Elie, S. Jacques
Coexistence between the TOHO-type and Brazilian extended-spectrum (BES)-type of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-produced by bacteria caused public health issue. Several studies have been reported on the coexistence between blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV genes in ESBL in broad spectrum enterobacteria. The present study involved the prevalence of coexistence of blaTOHO and blaBES genes in enterobacteria identified in hospitalized and out-patients at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Firstly, the study was led by microbiological identification of enterobacteria, secondly antibiogram was performed by diffusion method and finally the molecular characterization was done by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to search for antibiotic resistance genes blaTOHO and blaBES. The ultraviolet (UV) lamp (Gene Flash) for the photography of gels allowed the visualization of specific bands of TOHO and BES genes. Among 250 strains of Gram negative bacilli collected, 60 strains (24.1%) showed resistance profile to antibiotics used. Molecular characterization showed the coexistence between blaTOHO and blaBES genes in 53.3% in bacteria strains carried by the patients. The highest prevalence was observed in Escherichia coli (34.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.9%) strains. For the first time in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, this study therefore established the coexistence between blaTOHO and blaBES genes in ESBL produced enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital. Key words: Antibiotic, resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), genes, TOHO, Brazilian extended-spectrum (BES).
{"title":"Coexistence between (TOHO-type and BES-type) extended-spectrum -lactamase genes of identified enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital, Ouagadougou, West Africa","authors":"Mètuor-Dabir e Amana, Sougu e Serge, Tiemtor e Rahimatou Yasmine Wend-Kuni, Zohoncon Th eodora Mahoukèdè, Bangr e Yasmine Aminata, Ou edraogo Paul, Kabré Elie, S. Jacques","doi":"10.5897/ijgmb2019.0181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijgmb2019.0181","url":null,"abstract":"Coexistence between the TOHO-type and Brazilian extended-spectrum (BES)-type of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-produced by bacteria caused public health issue. Several studies have been reported on the coexistence between blaTEM, blaCTX-M and blaSHV genes in ESBL in broad spectrum enterobacteria. The present study involved the prevalence of coexistence of blaTOHO and blaBES genes in enterobacteria identified in hospitalized and out-patients at Saint Camille Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Firstly, the study was led by microbiological identification of enterobacteria, secondly antibiogram was performed by diffusion method and finally the molecular characterization was done by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to search for antibiotic resistance genes blaTOHO and blaBES. The ultraviolet (UV) lamp (Gene Flash) for the photography of gels allowed the visualization of specific bands of TOHO and BES genes. Among 250 strains of Gram negative bacilli collected, 60 strains (24.1%) showed resistance profile to antibiotics used. Molecular characterization showed the coexistence between blaTOHO and blaBES genes in 53.3% in bacteria strains carried by the patients. The highest prevalence was observed in Escherichia coli (34.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.9%) strains. For the first time in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, this study therefore established the coexistence between blaTOHO and blaBES genes in ESBL produced enterobacteria at Saint Camille Hospital. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Antibiotic, resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), genes, TOHO, Brazilian extended-spectrum (BES).","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"95 1","pages":"34-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90545567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-26DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190704.14
M. Budak
Nanoparticle research is currently an area of intense scientific research, due to a wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields. Nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively a bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutamine synthetase (GS), Catalase (CAT) are some of the defense mechanisms against cellular oxidative stress, especially against free oxygen radicals. In this study, we aimed to investigate that Ag, SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles affect cancer cell lines (HT-29) and relationship between SOD, GS and CAT. We investigated that alterations in gene expressions of SOD, GS and CAT caused by exposure to nanoparticles in HT-29 cells. The difference between the Ct values (ΔCt) of the gene of interest was calculated for each experimental sample. As a result of Ag, SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticle application, there was a 2-fold increase in SOD and CAT expression in the first 24 hours compared to control. As a result of 48 hours of application, it was observed that Ag nanoparticles caused 4-fold increase in SOD and 6-fold statistically significant increase in CAT and GS expression of SiO2 nanoparticles. Consequently, after 48 hours of nanoparticle application, SiO2, CAT and GS expression were more effective than 24-hour application. Our results suggest that nanoparticles may cause increased oxidative stress in colon cells and may have therapeutic properties by affecting cancer cells in these aspects.
{"title":"Nanoparticles Induce Oxidative Stress in HT-29 Colon Adenocarcinoma Cell Line After 24 and 48 Hour Exposure","authors":"M. Budak","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190704.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190704.14","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticle research is currently an area of intense scientific research, due to a wide variety of potential applications in biomedical, optical, and electronic fields. Nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively a bridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutamine synthetase (GS), Catalase (CAT) are some of the defense mechanisms against cellular oxidative stress, especially against free oxygen radicals. In this study, we aimed to investigate that Ag, SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles affect cancer cell lines (HT-29) and relationship between SOD, GS and CAT. We investigated that alterations in gene expressions of SOD, GS and CAT caused by exposure to nanoparticles in HT-29 cells. The difference between the Ct values (ΔCt) of the gene of interest was calculated for each experimental sample. As a result of Ag, SiO2 and ZnO nanoparticle application, there was a 2-fold increase in SOD and CAT expression in the first 24 hours compared to control. As a result of 48 hours of application, it was observed that Ag nanoparticles caused 4-fold increase in SOD and 6-fold statistically significant increase in CAT and GS expression of SiO2 nanoparticles. Consequently, after 48 hours of nanoparticle application, SiO2, CAT and GS expression were more effective than 24-hour application. Our results suggest that nanoparticles may cause increased oxidative stress in colon cells and may have therapeutic properties by affecting cancer cells in these aspects.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"21 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75846932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.18
Kénémé Bineta, Cissé Daouda, Ka Sidy, D. Ahmadou, S. Mbacke, S. Gueye
Uterine fibroids are benign proliferations of slow evolution. They are associated with significant morbidity and constitute a real public health problem. Despite the large-scale medical and financial burden posed by uterine fibroids, the functional roles of the various factors and genes involved in their etiology and growth remain unclear. This shows a great need to undertake a study that would evaluate the molecular features of uterine fibroids. It is in this context that our study is based on 50 Senegalese women with uterine fibroids. Samples of tumour tissue and blood were taken from each patient. After sequencing, the raw data was submitted to the Mutation Surveyor software version 5.0.1. Pathogenicity of mutations was evaluated with Polyphen software. To better understand the functional impact of missense mutations at the three-dimensional level, we simulated the structure of the protein by the ab-initio method using the I-Tasser web server. After cleaning, correcting and aligning the sequences with the BioEdit software version 8.0.5, the amino acid frequencies for the blood and tumour tissue samples were retrieved with the MEGA7 software. To see if there is a difference in the distribution of each amino acid between blood and tumour tissue, the average comparison test was performed with the R software version 3.3.1. Our results showed the presence of mutations of the MED12 gene only in tumour tissues. All mutations are predicted to be deleterious. In comparison to the reference sequence, all the mutations show a conformational change in the 3D structure of the MED12 protein. In addition, the mutations p. Q43P, p. G44S, p. G44D, p. G44R, p. F45V, p. K60M give proteins of α-β structure different from the reference sequence which has an α structure. All mutations alter the predicted function of the MED12 protein, which further suggests their involvement in the pathobiology of uterine fibroids in Senegalese women. With regard to amino acid frequencies, the comparison of means between blood and tumour tissue samples shows different distributions for amino acids such as cysteine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine, arginine and serine. The results obtained make it possible to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the etiology of uterine fibroids. They allow glimpsing applications for the screening of populations at risk, for a non-invasive diagnosis or even for preventive or curative treatment.
{"title":"Prediction of the Structure and Mutations Instability of the Med12 Exon2 Gene in Uterine Fibroids in Senegalese Women","authors":"Kénémé Bineta, Cissé Daouda, Ka Sidy, D. Ahmadou, S. Mbacke, S. Gueye","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.18","url":null,"abstract":"Uterine fibroids are benign proliferations of slow evolution. They are associated with significant morbidity and constitute a real public health problem. Despite the large-scale medical and financial burden posed by uterine fibroids, the functional roles of the various factors and genes involved in their etiology and growth remain unclear. This shows a great need to undertake a study that would evaluate the molecular features of uterine fibroids. It is in this context that our study is based on 50 Senegalese women with uterine fibroids. Samples of tumour tissue and blood were taken from each patient. After sequencing, the raw data was submitted to the Mutation Surveyor software version 5.0.1. Pathogenicity of mutations was evaluated with Polyphen software. To better understand the functional impact of missense mutations at the three-dimensional level, we simulated the structure of the protein by the ab-initio method using the I-Tasser web server. After cleaning, correcting and aligning the sequences with the BioEdit software version 8.0.5, the amino acid frequencies for the blood and tumour tissue samples were retrieved with the MEGA7 software. To see if there is a difference in the distribution of each amino acid between blood and tumour tissue, the average comparison test was performed with the R software version 3.3.1. Our results showed the presence of mutations of the MED12 gene only in tumour tissues. All mutations are predicted to be deleterious. In comparison to the reference sequence, all the mutations show a conformational change in the 3D structure of the MED12 protein. In addition, the mutations p. Q43P, p. G44S, p. G44D, p. G44R, p. F45V, p. K60M give proteins of α-β structure different from the reference sequence which has an α structure. All mutations alter the predicted function of the MED12 protein, which further suggests their involvement in the pathobiology of uterine fibroids in Senegalese women. With regard to amino acid frequencies, the comparison of means between blood and tumour tissue samples shows different distributions for amino acids such as cysteine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine, arginine and serine. The results obtained make it possible to better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the etiology of uterine fibroids. They allow glimpsing applications for the screening of populations at risk, for a non-invasive diagnosis or even for preventive or curative treatment.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"46 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87971176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-23DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.17
N. Abbas, M. Suleman, A. B. Zahur, A. Ghafoor, F. Rashid, A. Jan, F. Akbar, Shahid Ali, A. Aziz, Ziaul Islam, Abdullah Shah
Pakistan is blessed with rich sheep genetic resources and being a source of milk, meat and wool sheep breeds are reared across the country. Despite its great economic importance very limited work has been done in Pakistan on sheep genetic exploration. Leptin hormone plays important role in milk yield, body weight, energy balance, feed intake, immune function and fertility performance in animals. The current study was carried out to investigate genetic polymorphism in exon III of Leptin gene (LEP) in indigenous animal breeds (Nilli-ravi buffalo, Sahiwal and Achai cattle) of Pakistan using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that all the three studied animals breeds were polymorphic for i>LEP gene (having all the three genotypes AA, AB and BB) with frequency of 60%, 33% and 7% in Nili-ravi buffalo, 55%, 41% and 4% in Achai cattle and 52%, 45% and 3% in Sahiwal cattle breed. The genotype BB is highly desirable in cattle and buffalo breeds but its frequency is very low in our indigenous population. Studying genetic polymorphism of milk protein is important due to its application in dairy industry and these in formations could further be utilized for future breeding programs particularly for the enrichment of the rare genotype.
{"title":"Molecular Analysis of Leptin Gene Polymorphism in Achai, Sahiwal Cattle and Nili-ravi Buffalo Breeds of Pakistan","authors":"N. Abbas, M. Suleman, A. B. Zahur, A. Ghafoor, F. Rashid, A. Jan, F. Akbar, Shahid Ali, A. Aziz, Ziaul Islam, Abdullah Shah","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.17","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is blessed with rich sheep genetic resources and being a source of milk, meat and wool sheep breeds are reared across the country. Despite its great economic importance very limited work has been done in Pakistan on sheep genetic exploration. Leptin hormone plays important role in milk yield, body weight, energy balance, feed intake, immune function and fertility performance in animals. The current study was carried out to investigate genetic polymorphism in exon III of Leptin gene (LEP) in indigenous animal breeds (Nilli-ravi buffalo, Sahiwal and Achai cattle) of Pakistan using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). PCR-RFLP analysis revealed that all the three studied animals breeds were polymorphic for i>LEP gene (having all the three genotypes AA, AB and BB) with frequency of 60%, 33% and 7% in Nili-ravi buffalo, 55%, 41% and 4% in Achai cattle and 52%, 45% and 3% in Sahiwal cattle breed. The genotype BB is highly desirable in cattle and buffalo breeds but its frequency is very low in our indigenous population. Studying genetic polymorphism of milk protein is important due to its application in dairy industry and these in formations could further be utilized for future breeding programs particularly for the enrichment of the rare genotype.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89452105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-09DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.16
Rodrigue Romuald Elien Gagnan Yan-zaou-tou, S. Bakayoko, S. Diallo, A. Simaga, H. Diallo, M. A. Dicko, Jean Michel Mbaïkoua, Barmax Bodjerno Dossou, Mamassilé Clement Bagouya, J. Théra
Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal resecessive polymalformatif syndrome whose main manifestations are: the cryptophtalmia, syndactylies, visceral and urogenital defects. We report the case of a 6 year old child, 3rd child of a sibling of 3 children from consanguineous marriage, without antecedents personal and family, received in consultation at CHU-IOTA for unilateral symblepharon, syndactyly of 2nd and 3rd interdigital spaces without any other organic defects. The diagnosis of Frazer syndrome has been retained and the child is referred to the team of annexes and orbito-palpebral surgery for better surgical management of cryptophtalmia and parents were referred to the geneticist for genetic counselling regarding future pregnancies. We emphasize the genetic aspects, utility of Tomas’ diagnostic criteria and necessity of prenatal diagnosis.
{"title":"Fraser Syndrome: A Report of a Case from Bamako","authors":"Rodrigue Romuald Elien Gagnan Yan-zaou-tou, S. Bakayoko, S. Diallo, A. Simaga, H. Diallo, M. A. Dicko, Jean Michel Mbaïkoua, Barmax Bodjerno Dossou, Mamassilé Clement Bagouya, J. Théra","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.16","url":null,"abstract":"Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal resecessive polymalformatif syndrome whose main manifestations are: the cryptophtalmia, syndactylies, visceral and urogenital defects. We report the case of a 6 year old child, 3rd child of a sibling of 3 children from consanguineous marriage, without antecedents personal and family, received in consultation at CHU-IOTA for unilateral symblepharon, syndactyly of 2nd and 3rd interdigital spaces without any other organic defects. The diagnosis of Frazer syndrome has been retained and the child is referred to the team of annexes and orbito-palpebral surgery for better surgical management of cryptophtalmia and parents were referred to the geneticist for genetic counselling regarding future pregnancies. We emphasize the genetic aspects, utility of Tomas’ diagnostic criteria and necessity of prenatal diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"219 1","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76784852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-26DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.15
Shi-jun Wu, Jianming Xu, Zhaohua Lu, Wenzhong Guo
The most widely used clones were all breed by artificial hybrids steps in China, therefore it is important to research on pollination rate. Three individual trees of E. grandis and E. tereticornis were selected as female while the pollen of hybrid clone DH32-29, E. grandis, E. pellita, E. tereticornis and E. urophylla were collected as male. The results indicated that E. grandis family 4 always had higher pollination rate with different male pollen than other E. grandis families. Family 116 had higher pollination rate with DH32-29 and E. urophylla than family 41 while family 41 had higher pollination rate with E. grandis and E. tereticornis than family 116. Though different families had different pollination rate, the studied E. grandis families all had higher pollination rate (above 75%) with different male pollen. E. tereticornis family 243-1 always had higher pollination rate (nearly 100%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families while E. tereticornis family 238-2 always had lower pollination rate (nearly 60%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families. All the male pollen had similar pollination rate with family 238-1 and 243-1. E. grandis pollen had higher pollination rate with family 238-2 than other male pollens.
{"title":"Variation of Pollination Rate on Eucalyptus grandis and E. tereticornis","authors":"Shi-jun Wu, Jianming Xu, Zhaohua Lu, Wenzhong Guo","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.15","url":null,"abstract":"The most widely used clones were all breed by artificial hybrids steps in China, therefore it is important to research on pollination rate. Three individual trees of E. grandis and E. tereticornis were selected as female while the pollen of hybrid clone DH32-29, E. grandis, E. pellita, E. tereticornis and E. urophylla were collected as male. The results indicated that E. grandis family 4 always had higher pollination rate with different male pollen than other E. grandis families. Family 116 had higher pollination rate with DH32-29 and E. urophylla than family 41 while family 41 had higher pollination rate with E. grandis and E. tereticornis than family 116. Though different families had different pollination rate, the studied E. grandis families all had higher pollination rate (above 75%) with different male pollen. E. tereticornis family 243-1 always had higher pollination rate (nearly 100%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families while E. tereticornis family 238-2 always had lower pollination rate (nearly 60%) with different male pollen than other E. tereticornis families. All the male pollen had similar pollination rate with family 238-1 and 243-1. E. grandis pollen had higher pollination rate with family 238-2 than other male pollens.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"113 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73208782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-23DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.14
F. Wang, L. Robinson, Y. Kramer, K. Kalmbach, P. Navarro, R. Pimentel, X. Pan, S. Weissman, Lin Liu, D. Keefe
Increasing evidence demonstrates that shortest more than mean telomere length predicts telomere dysfunction and genomic instability in association with a number of conditions, including cell senescence, aging and tumorigenesis. We developed Universal Single Cell Single Telomere Length Analysis (USC-STELA), based on a PCR-amplification and southern blotting, to measure short telomeres in individual cells. The mean short telomere length measured in individual cells by USC-STELA correlates with that from bulk cells, measured by Universal STELA (U-STELA). The validation and reproducibility of USC-STELA was confirmed using different cell types with known telomere lengths, as well as by using paired sister-cells from human embryos and cultured cells. Interestingly, individual cells known to elongate telomeres via alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have more short telomeres, yet longer mean telomere length than control cells. Moreover, individual senescent fibroblasts carry more short telomeres compared to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), consistent with the notion that short telomeres contribute to cellular senescence. Additionally, we found a greater load of short telomeres in polar bodies than in matching oocytes, providing further insights into the accelerated polar body DNA degradation following extrusion from the oocyte. USC-STELA provides a new method to study telomere dysfunction in individual cells, with potential to improve our understanding of the role of telomere dynamics in cancer, developmental biology and reproductive medicine.
{"title":"Measurement of Short Telomere Load in Individual Cells","authors":"F. Wang, L. Robinson, Y. Kramer, K. Kalmbach, P. Navarro, R. Pimentel, X. Pan, S. Weissman, Lin Liu, D. Keefe","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.14","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing evidence demonstrates that shortest more than mean telomere length predicts telomere dysfunction and genomic instability in association with a number of conditions, including cell senescence, aging and tumorigenesis. We developed Universal Single Cell Single Telomere Length Analysis (USC-STELA), based on a PCR-amplification and southern blotting, to measure short telomeres in individual cells. The mean short telomere length measured in individual cells by USC-STELA correlates with that from bulk cells, measured by Universal STELA (U-STELA). The validation and reproducibility of USC-STELA was confirmed using different cell types with known telomere lengths, as well as by using paired sister-cells from human embryos and cultured cells. Interestingly, individual cells known to elongate telomeres via alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have more short telomeres, yet longer mean telomere length than control cells. Moreover, individual senescent fibroblasts carry more short telomeres compared to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), consistent with the notion that short telomeres contribute to cellular senescence. Additionally, we found a greater load of short telomeres in polar bodies than in matching oocytes, providing further insights into the accelerated polar body DNA degradation following extrusion from the oocyte. USC-STELA provides a new method to study telomere dysfunction in individual cells, with potential to improve our understanding of the role of telomere dynamics in cancer, developmental biology and reproductive medicine.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"55 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86913190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-21DOI: 10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.13
M. Budak, U. Ozkan, M. Yıldız
SMAD4 is a member of an intracellular signaling pathway protein family that is widely expressed in human tissues. This protein is responsible for carrying a chemical signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Since reduced SMAD4 expression leads to several tumors and neural disease, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms affecting the expression of this protein. Methylation is among the major factors that affect the expression of the SMAD4 gene. While methylation of the promoter and non-coding exons of SMAD4 gene appear to affect expression, there is no information regarding the other regions of this gene in this regard. Furthermore, cytosine methylation in mRNA is also important in gene activity. For this reason, the demonstration of possible cytosine methylation in mRNA of the SMAD4 gene may be important in understanding gene activity. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential methylation regions in the exons corresponding to SMAD4 protein generation which have not been investigated before. In order to do this, we used the MethPrimer program and identified 25 single CpG sequences and a double CpGpCpG across the exons as potential methylation regions. In addition, 5 pairs of methylated/unmethylated primer sequences were designed with the same program. The study results have shown the presence of potential methylation sequences that are candidates to affect SMAD4 gene expression.
{"title":"Identification of Potential Methylation Regions of the Smad4 mRNA and Determining Primer Sequences for MS-PCR with the ‘Methprimer’ Program","authors":"M. Budak, U. Ozkan, M. Yıldız","doi":"10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJGG.20190703.13","url":null,"abstract":"SMAD4 is a member of an intracellular signaling pathway protein family that is widely expressed in human tissues. This protein is responsible for carrying a chemical signal from the cell membrane to the nucleus. Since reduced SMAD4 expression leads to several tumors and neural disease, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms affecting the expression of this protein. Methylation is among the major factors that affect the expression of the SMAD4 gene. While methylation of the promoter and non-coding exons of SMAD4 gene appear to affect expression, there is no information regarding the other regions of this gene in this regard. Furthermore, cytosine methylation in mRNA is also important in gene activity. For this reason, the demonstration of possible cytosine methylation in mRNA of the SMAD4 gene may be important in understanding gene activity. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential methylation regions in the exons corresponding to SMAD4 protein generation which have not been investigated before. In order to do this, we used the MethPrimer program and identified 25 single CpG sequences and a double CpGpCpG across the exons as potential methylation regions. In addition, 5 pairs of methylated/unmethylated primer sequences were designed with the same program. The study results have shown the presence of potential methylation sequences that are candidates to affect SMAD4 gene expression.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"2 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87704277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Pha, Nguyen Thi My Phung, N. T. Truc, D. Khang, T. Gioi
This study was carried out to analyze the polymorphic region of exon 1 of OsHKT1;5 of 22 high yielding rice varieties that are salt tolerant. The result of the phenotypic screening for salinity stress was done using the standard protocol of the International Rice Research Institute which recorded that all rice varieties developed very well under control condition, 85.38% were quite tolerant to salinity treatment of 4‰, 68.18% were moderately tolerant to salinity treatment of 8‰ and 36.36% were moderately tolerant to salinity treatment of 10‰, similar to Pokalli. The result of sequencing exon 1 region of OsHKT1;5 gene recorded five Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers. Five nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of OsHKT1;5 were found at the positions: 382, 418, 484, 551 and 994. All five non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions caused changes in amino acids (D51N, P63A, V86I, R107H and H255D). Key words: High yielding rice, OsHKT1;5, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) makers.
{"title":"Investigation of polymorphisms of exon 1 region of OsHKT1;5 gene in high yielding rice","authors":"N. Pha, Nguyen Thi My Phung, N. T. Truc, D. Khang, T. Gioi","doi":"10.5897/IJGMB2019.0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJGMB2019.0175","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to analyze the polymorphic region of exon 1 of OsHKT1;5 of 22 high yielding rice varieties that are salt tolerant. The result of the phenotypic screening for salinity stress was done using the standard protocol of the International Rice Research Institute which recorded that all rice varieties developed very well under control condition, 85.38% were quite tolerant to salinity treatment of 4‰, 68.18% were moderately tolerant to salinity treatment of 8‰ and 36.36% were moderately tolerant to salinity treatment of 10‰, similar to Pokalli. The result of sequencing exon 1 region of OsHKT1;5 gene recorded five Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers. Five nucleotide substitutions in coding sequence of OsHKT1;5 were found at the positions: 382, 418, 484, 551 and 994. All five non-synonymous nucleotide substitutions caused changes in amino acids (D51N, P63A, V86I, R107H and H255D). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Key words: High yielding rice, OsHKT1;5, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) makers.","PeriodicalId":88902,"journal":{"name":"International journal of genetics and molecular biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/IJGMB2019.0175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47971837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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