The epigenetic revolution that has happened very recently in biology has challenged the long-term traditional views of the genetic code. A new scientific era has emerged. These outstanding data made us reconsider major concepts in molecular genetics and outlined new perspectives, some of which are discussed here. First, it became apparent that heredity is determined not only by the primary DNA sequence but also by epigenetic factors controlling whether and when a gene will be turned on or off. These include modifications in the DNA or the associated proteins, which modulate gene function by causing changes in chromatin that affect DNA accessibility. Second, it turned out that though conservative, the genome is dynamic and changeable in response to environmental conditions. Third, a new value to nature vs. nurture debate was added demonstrating that these are not separate aspects but have a combined influence mediated through epigenetics. Forth, the epigenetics outburst contributed also to another controversial scientific field – the transgenerational inheritance. Evidence was provided that there are mechanisms for epigenetic transmission of environmentally induced changes that occur long before conception from a parent to the offspring. Fifth, the role of the psyche was given greater importance after the discovery that emotional stress may cause epigenetic changes in our heredity molecules. And sixth, a role of epigenetics in the disease was also established since epigenetic changes were related to many human disorders, thus providing possibilities for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. Biomed Rev 2020;
{"title":"On the new prospects in biology inspired by epigenetics","authors":"M. Krasteva","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7702","url":null,"abstract":"The epigenetic revolution that has happened very recently in biology has challenged the long-term traditional views of the genetic code. A new scientific era has emerged. These outstanding data made us reconsider major concepts in molecular genetics and outlined new perspectives, some of which are discussed here. First, it became apparent that heredity is determined not only by the primary DNA sequence but also by epigenetic factors controlling whether and when a gene will be turned on or off. These include modifications in the DNA or the associated proteins, which modulate gene function by causing changes in chromatin that affect DNA accessibility. Second, it turned out that though conservative, the genome is dynamic and changeable in response to environmental conditions. Third, a new value to nature vs. nurture debate was added demonstrating that these are not separate aspects but have a combined influence mediated through epigenetics. Forth, the epigenetics outburst contributed also to another controversial scientific field – the transgenerational inheritance. Evidence was provided that there are mechanisms for epigenetic transmission of environmentally induced changes that occur long before conception from a parent to the offspring. Fifth, the role of the psyche was given greater importance after the discovery that emotional stress may cause epigenetic changes in our heredity molecules. And sixth, a role of epigenetics in the disease was also established since epigenetic changes were related to many human disorders, thus providing possibilities for the development of more effective therapeutic approaches. Biomed Rev 2020;","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78024683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent discoveries have indicated that tumorigenesis arises from a population of cells with self-renewability and pluripotency characteristics. These led to the theory of cancer stem cells, in which these cells carry molecular signatures similar to embryonic stem cells. Homeobox protein NANOG is a transcription factor that helps embryonic stem cells maintain pluripotency. It has been identified to be highly expressed in several types of tumors. Further studies have shown the linkage of NANOG overexpression to malignancy and therapeutic resistance, however very limited research has clearly identified NANOG role in malignancy and therapeutic response of glioma. NANOG expression is regulated by p53, a cancer suppressor, which when lost, led to NANOG overexpression. The latter overexpression in glioma led to increase in its growth. NANOG was also found to be regulator of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a matricellular protein responsible for motility of tumor cells in metastases. NANOG overexpression is indirectly induced by the use of temozolomide through c-MET activation. Despite its therapeutic resistance effect, resveratrol is a promising therapy for limiting NANOG expression. The findings in the present review argues for NANOG utilization as a therapeutic target for glioma. Biomed Rev 2020; resveratrol
{"title":"Role of NANOG in glioma malignancy development and potential as therapeutic target","authors":"Fergie Runtu, Novi Silvia Hardyani","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7703","url":null,"abstract":"Recent discoveries have indicated that tumorigenesis arises from a population of cells with self-renewability and pluripotency characteristics. These led to the theory of cancer stem cells, in which these cells carry molecular signatures similar to embryonic stem cells. Homeobox protein NANOG is a transcription factor that helps embryonic stem cells maintain pluripotency. It has been identified to be highly expressed in several types of tumors. Further studies have shown the linkage of NANOG overexpression to malignancy and therapeutic resistance, however very limited research has clearly identified NANOG role in malignancy and therapeutic response of glioma. NANOG expression is regulated by p53, a cancer suppressor, which when lost, led to NANOG overexpression. The latter overexpression in glioma led to increase in its growth. NANOG was also found to be regulator of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a matricellular protein responsible for motility of tumor cells in metastases. NANOG overexpression is indirectly induced by the use of temozolomide through c-MET activation. Despite its therapeutic resistance effect, resveratrol is a promising therapy for limiting NANOG expression. The findings in the present review argues for NANOG utilization as a therapeutic target for glioma. Biomed Rev 2020; resveratrol","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74409910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Ferraguti, C. Codazzo, C. Petrella, R. Coccurello, M. Ceccanti, M. Fiore
We previously showed in the mouse that paternal preconception alcohol exposure (PPAE) affects alcohol sensitivity by analyzing postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. In this mouse study by using the same animals of the previous investigation we aimed at examining whether or not PPAE may disrupt the epigenetic regulation of postnatal alcohol sensitivity in the offspring by investigating pathways regulating mood, emotion, serotonergic tone and neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We analyzed the brainstem gene expression of serotonin transporter Solute Carrier Family 6 Member4 (SLC6A4), 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2C (HTR2C) binding the neurotransmitter serotonin, and NGF, BDNF and their tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA NGF ) and B (TrKB BDNF ) (high-affinity NGF and BDNF receptors) and p75 NTR (low-affinity, pan-neurotrophins receptor) in adult offspring that underwent or not postnatal alcohol exposure. We found SLC6A4 elevation and decreased HTR2C in the offspring of chronic alcohol-exposed sires. We also disclosed p75 NTR elevation in the offspring of chronically exposed sires as well as postnatal sensitization to low alcohol doses in the offspring of chronically exposed sires for both TrKB BDNF and BDNF. In our PPAE mouse model, where genotype effects can be carefully measured, we observed that the sires’ exposure to alcohol before mating might disrupt the sensitivity to the serotonergic/neurotrophic-associated effects of alcohol influencing the postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 75-89
{"title":"Brainstem expression of SLC6A4, HTR2C, NGF, BDNF, TRKANGF, TRKBBDNF and P75NTR following paternal alcohol exposure in the male mouse","authors":"G. Ferraguti, C. Codazzo, C. Petrella, R. Coccurello, M. Ceccanti, M. Fiore","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7707","url":null,"abstract":"We previously showed in the mouse that paternal preconception alcohol exposure (PPAE) affects alcohol sensitivity by analyzing postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. In this mouse study by using the same animals of the previous investigation we aimed at examining whether or not PPAE may disrupt the epigenetic regulation of postnatal alcohol sensitivity in the offspring by investigating pathways regulating mood, emotion, serotonergic tone and neurotrophins such as nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We analyzed the brainstem gene expression of serotonin transporter Solute Carrier Family 6 Member4 (SLC6A4), 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2C (HTR2C) binding the neurotransmitter serotonin, and NGF, BDNF and their tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA NGF ) and B (TrKB BDNF ) (high-affinity NGF and BDNF receptors) and p75 NTR (low-affinity, pan-neurotrophins receptor) in adult offspring that underwent or not postnatal alcohol exposure. We found SLC6A4 elevation and decreased HTR2C in the offspring of chronic alcohol-exposed sires. We also disclosed p75 NTR elevation in the offspring of chronically exposed sires as well as postnatal sensitization to low alcohol doses in the offspring of chronically exposed sires for both TrKB BDNF and BDNF. In our PPAE mouse model, where genotype effects can be carefully measured, we observed that the sires’ exposure to alcohol before mating might disrupt the sensitivity to the serotonergic/neurotrophic-associated effects of alcohol influencing the postnatal alcohol preference in the offspring. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 75-89","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"346 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90234071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Supplementary information in defense of murburn explanation for aerobic respiration","authors":"K. Manoj","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85113232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The world is facing the pandemic of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) leading to the development of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) In effect, the scientific potential in the field becoming the cutting-edge of biomedical research It is in a big race to test the available pharmacologic resource of registered antiviral drugs and to discover of novel pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and biologicals (such as vaccines, gene and stem cell therapy, and recombinant proteins produced biotechnologically) We argue that the knowledge of (i) angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, (ii) viral S-glycoprotein ligand, and (iii) cellular proteases, required for the entry of Cov-2 into the target cell, may provide novel therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 Finally, we reason the described approaches could lead to the identification of better drugs for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome
{"title":"From pathogenesis to therapy of COVID-19","authors":"S. Yanev, G. Chaldakov","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7712","url":null,"abstract":"The world is facing the pandemic of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) leading to the development of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) In effect, the scientific potential in the field becoming the cutting-edge of biomedical research It is in a big race to test the available pharmacologic resource of registered antiviral drugs and to discover of novel pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and biologicals (such as vaccines, gene and stem cell therapy, and recombinant proteins produced biotechnologically) We argue that the knowledge of (i) angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, (ii) viral S-glycoprotein ligand, and (iii) cellular proteases, required for the entry of Cov-2 into the target cell, may provide novel therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 Finally, we reason the described approaches could lead to the identification of better drugs for COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89253448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Transcription factors are key regulators of cell fate maintenance and transition. Thus, they represent key molecular targets in the fields of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The constant need to generate protocols with higher stem cell yield, faster and more efficient differentiation led to in-depth understanding of the function of many transcription factors in regulating developmental and adult stem cells. In this Dance Round we summarize the current understanding of the expression of a zinc finger and BTB domain-containing transcription factor ZBTB20, and comment on how its expression provides clues for its involvement in stem cell biology. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 1-10
{"title":"Transcription factor ZBTB20: What expression is telling us of its cellular function?","authors":"Dimo Stoyanov, A. Tonchev","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7700","url":null,"abstract":"Transcription factors are key regulators of cell fate maintenance and transition. Thus, they represent key molecular targets in the fields of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. The constant need to generate protocols with higher stem cell yield, faster and more efficient differentiation led to in-depth understanding of the function of many transcription factors in regulating developmental and adult stem cells. In this Dance Round we summarize the current understanding of the expression of a zinc finger and BTB domain-containing transcription factor ZBTB20, and comment on how its expression provides clues for its involvement in stem cell biology. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 1-10","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85020340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wale A.R. Sulaiman: The master of knowledge, neurosurgery and humanity","authors":"G. Chaldakov","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7696","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87858771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nocheva, R. Tashev, A. Bocheva, D. Atanasova, A. Dandov, N. Lazarov
The present study aimed at evaluating whether an interaction between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. For this purpose, adult male rats were subjected to 1 hour of heat stress. Pain perception was estimated in vivo by Paw pressure test. Immunohistochemical evaluation of CB1 receptors was also performed in the periaqueductal grey (PAG). Our results showed that the application of CB1-receptor agonist anandamide at the end of the stress led to a tendency of decrease in heat-SIA. We also found that each of the four Tyr-MIF-1 peptides interacted with the ECS after acute heat stress, resulting in changes in the PP-thresholds with different direction, degree, and duration. In particular, the administration of MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 after CB1-receptor agonist anandamide increased heat stress-induced analgesia (heat-SIA) after the 10 th min, while Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 produced only short-lasting analgesia. CB1-expression in the PAG was also estimated, showing an increase after Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with anandamide pretreatment, and a decrease after Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with the CB1-receptor antagonist AM251- or the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone pretreatment . In summary, it can be inferred that under heat stress conditions the peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family, interacting with opioid and non-opioid receptors, differently relate with the cannabinoid system and such an interaction modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. It also seems that Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 have a direct impact on CB1-expression in the PAG, while MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 probably act via second messengers or the activation of additional neurotransmitter system(s). Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 91-103 Nal-pretreated
本研究旨在评估内源性大麻素系统(ECS)和tyr1 - mif -1家族肽之间的相互作用是否调节热应激诱导的镇痛。为此，对成年雄性大鼠进行1小时的热应激。通过爪压试验估计体内疼痛感觉。在导水管周围灰质(PAG)中也进行了CB1受体的免疫组织化学评价。结果表明，在胁迫结束时应用cb1受体激动剂阿南达胺导致热sia有降低的趋势。我们还发现，急性热应激后，四种tyr1 - mif -1肽均与ECS相互作用，导致pp -阈值发生不同方向、程度和持续时间的变化。特别是，在cb1受体激动剂anandamide后给予MIF-1和tir - k -MIF-1，在第10分钟后增加热应激诱导的镇痛(heat- sia)，而tir -MIF-1和tir - w -MIF-1仅产生短暂的镇痛。对PAG中cb1的表达也进行了估计，显示在阿南胺预处理的情况下，tyrl - mif -1和tyrl - w - mif -1增加，在cb1受体拮抗剂AM251-或阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮预处理的情况下，tyrl - w - mif -1减少。综上所述，我们可以推断，在热应激条件下，来自tyr1 - mif -1家族的肽与阿片受体和非阿片受体相互作用，与大麻素系统的关系不同，这种相互作用调节热应激诱导的镇痛。此外，似乎Tyr-MIF-1和Tyr-W-MIF-1对PAG中cb1的表达有直接影响，而MIF-1和Tyr-K-MIF-1可能通过第二信使或激活额外的神经递质系统起作用。Biomed Rev 2020;[03:91 -103]经预处理的
{"title":"Interactions between the endogenous cannabinoid system and the peptides of the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulate heat stress-induced analgesia","authors":"H. Nocheva, R. Tashev, A. Bocheva, D. Atanasova, A. Dandov, N. Lazarov","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7708","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at evaluating whether an interaction between the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. For this purpose, adult male rats were subjected to 1 hour of heat stress. Pain perception was estimated in vivo by Paw pressure test. Immunohistochemical evaluation of CB1 receptors was also performed in the periaqueductal grey (PAG). Our results showed that the application of CB1-receptor agonist anandamide at the end of the stress led to a tendency of decrease in heat-SIA. We also found that each of the four Tyr-MIF-1 peptides interacted with the ECS after acute heat stress, resulting in changes in the PP-thresholds with different direction, degree, and duration. In particular, the administration of MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 after CB1-receptor agonist anandamide increased heat stress-induced analgesia (heat-SIA) after the 10 th min, while Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 produced only short-lasting analgesia. CB1-expression in the PAG was also estimated, showing an increase after Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with anandamide pretreatment, and a decrease after Tyr-W-MIF-1 administration with the CB1-receptor antagonist AM251- or the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone pretreatment . In summary, it can be inferred that under heat stress conditions the peptides from the Tyr-MIF-1 family, interacting with opioid and non-opioid receptors, differently relate with the cannabinoid system and such an interaction modulates heat stress-induced analgesia. It also seems that Tyr-MIF-1 and Tyr-W-MIF-1 have a direct impact on CB1-expression in the PAG, while MIF-1 and Tyr-K-MIF-1 probably act via second messengers or the activation of additional neurotransmitter system(s). Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 91-103 Nal-pretreated","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86752516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The murburn explanation for aerobic respiration was first published at Biomedical Reviews in 2017. Thereafter, via various analytical, theoretical and experimental arguments/evidence published in respected portals over the last three years, my group’s works had highlighted the untenable nature of the “electron transport chain (ETC)-driven chemiosmotic rotary ATP synthesis (CRAS)” explicatory paradigm for aerobic respiration. We have also presented strong evidence and arguments supporting the new murburn model of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos). Overlooking the vast majority of our critical dissections, CRAS hypothesis is still advocated by some. Further, queries are posed on the evidence-based murburn explanation without any committed effort to understand the new proposals. Herein, I expose the false attributions made to our works, point out the general and particular flaws/lacunae in the critical attention murburn model received, revisit/dissect the arguments critique(s) floated to support the chemiosmotic proposal, answer the specific queries on murburn explanation and defend/consolidate our proposals for mOxPhos. The current scientific discourse is crucial for correcting major historical errors and finding/founding new concepts of the powering logic and biophysical chemistry of life. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 135-148
{"title":"In defense of the murburn explanation for aerobic respiration","authors":"K. Manoj","doi":"10.14748/BMR.V31.7713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14748/BMR.V31.7713","url":null,"abstract":"The murburn explanation for aerobic respiration was first published at Biomedical Reviews in 2017. Thereafter, via various analytical, theoretical and experimental arguments/evidence published in respected portals over the last three years, my group’s works had highlighted the untenable nature of the “electron transport chain (ETC)-driven chemiosmotic rotary ATP synthesis (CRAS)” explicatory paradigm for aerobic respiration. We have also presented strong evidence and arguments supporting the new murburn model of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos). Overlooking the vast majority of our critical dissections, CRAS hypothesis is still advocated by some. Further, queries are posed on the evidence-based murburn explanation without any committed effort to understand the new proposals. Herein, I expose the false attributions made to our works, point out the general and particular flaws/lacunae in the critical attention murburn model received, revisit/dissect the arguments critique(s) floated to support the chemiosmotic proposal, answer the specific queries on murburn explanation and defend/consolidate our proposals for mOxPhos. The current scientific discourse is crucial for correcting major historical errors and finding/founding new concepts of the powering logic and biophysical chemistry of life. Biomed Rev 2020; 31: 135-148","PeriodicalId":8906,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Reviews","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75198144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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