Pub Date : 2020-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.197007
I. Honcharenko, L. Anishchenko, L. Pisnia
One of the key indicators of regional development is environ- mentally safe handling of waste including household waste. Solving the problems in this domain requires the creation of an efficient household waste management system. A mechanism for solving this problem was proposed in this study. In contrast to the existing ones, it comprehensively takes into account the formation of environmen- tal hazards at all stages of the waste handling life cycle and substan- tiates and identifies priorities of obligatory management measures to be taken at local, regional and national levels with their qualitative and quantitative expert estimation. The study of waste hierarchy performed according to the Di- rective 2008/98/EC by the hierarchy analysis method has made it possible to determine not only the priorities of the measures en- suring environmental safety of SHW handling process but also the significance of measures at each stage. According to the calculations, contributions to the overall risk amounted to 46.15 % for disposal, 24.02 % for recycling, 10.95 % for neutralization, 10.95 % for genera- tion, 5.14 % for collection and 2.79 % for transportation. Assessment of the factor characteristics has made it possible to find out that the handling conditions whose contribution is 54.95 % of all factors require the greatest attention during danger generation. Effectiveness of implementation of the measures ensuring nor- mative environmental safety can be ranked as follows: 60.22 % for the local level, 22.55 % for the regional level and 17.23 % for the national level. The study has found that the formation of awareness, conscien- tiousness, and rational consumption is the most effective measure of ensuring environmental safety making up 27.55 % among the thirteen measures assessed. Application of the proposed method will ensure making groun- ded managerial decisions not only for the whole system of household waste handling but also for each of its stages: from waste generation to its operation. This method is quite simple to use and can be applied at the national, regional or local levels.
{"title":"Expert-Analytical Estimation of Environmental Safety of Solid Household Waste Handling Processes","authors":"I. Honcharenko, L. Anishchenko, L. Pisnia","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.197007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.197007","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key indicators of regional development is environ- mentally safe handling of waste including household waste. Solving the problems in this domain requires the creation of an efficient household waste management system. A mechanism for solving this problem was proposed in this study. In contrast to the existing ones, it comprehensively takes into account the formation of environmen- tal hazards at all stages of the waste handling life cycle and substan- tiates and identifies priorities of obligatory management measures to be taken at local, regional and national levels with their qualitative and quantitative expert estimation. \u0000 \u0000The study of waste hierarchy performed according to the Di- rective 2008/98/EC by the hierarchy analysis method has made it possible to determine not only the priorities of the measures en- suring environmental safety of SHW handling process but also the significance of measures at each stage. According to the calculations, contributions to the overall risk amounted to 46.15 % for disposal, 24.02 % for recycling, 10.95 % for neutralization, 10.95 % for genera- tion, 5.14 % for collection and 2.79 % for transportation. \u0000 \u0000Assessment of the factor characteristics has made it possible to find out that the handling conditions whose contribution is 54.95 % of all factors require the greatest attention during danger generation. \u0000 \u0000Effectiveness of implementation of the measures ensuring nor- mative environmental safety can be ranked as follows: 60.22 % for the local level, 22.55 % for the regional level and 17.23 % for the national level. \u0000 \u0000The study has found that the formation of awareness, conscien- tiousness, and rational consumption is the most effective measure of ensuring environmental safety making up 27.55 % among the thirteen measures assessed. \u0000 \u0000Application of the proposed method will ensure making groun- ded managerial decisions not only for the whole system of household waste handling but also for each of its stages: from waste generation to its operation. \u0000 \u0000This method is quite simple to use and can be applied at the national, regional or local levels.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86534947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
espanolEl problema filosofico que representan los organismos modificados geneticamente ha sido poco abordado en las discusiones sobre artefactos en la filosofia de la tecnologia. El proposito de este articulo es analizar diferentes posturas filosoficas respecto a este tipo de entidades naturales complejas, que no pueden ser definidas como objetos naturales simples, pues han sido intervenidos por medio de la tecnica, pero tampoco como objetos artificiales, similares a las maquinas industriales o a otro tipo de objeto artefactual. Se evaluan dos posturas filosoficas: la primera, afirma que dichas entidades son artificiales, en el entendimiento de que los artefactos son objetos hechos por el hombre. La segunda, que estas entidades modificadas son objetos naturales producidos artificialmente, segun Quintanilla y Jonas. Se presenta una propuesta que ofrece argumentos para reconocer, desde varias perspectivas, que las entidades naturales son sistemas autogenerativos: la autonomia constitutiva de Maturana y Varela, la autoorganizacion postulada por Kauffman y la autonomia de Ruiz-Mirazo & Moreno. Se propone una definicion del tipo de objetos que serian los organismos modificados geneticamente, afirmando que son sistemas vivientes autogenerativos que tienen un diseno intencional en los componentes artificiales. La consecuencia principal es que tal tipo de entidades no son iguales a artefactos. EnglishThe philosophical problem represented by genetically modified organisms has been insufficiently addressed in discussions of artifacts in the philosophy of technology. The purpose of this article is to analyze different philosophical positions regarding this type of complex natural entities, which cannot be defined as simple natural objects, since they have been intervened by means of technique, but neither as artificial objects, similar to industrial machines or to another type of artifactual object. Two philosophical postures are evaluated: the first asserts that these entities are artificial, in the understanding that artifacts are man-made objects. The second says that these modified entities are artificially produced natural objects, according to Quintanilla and Jonas. A proposal is presented that offers arguments to recognize, from several perspectives, that natural entities are autogenerative systems: the constitutive autonomy of Maturana and Varela, the self-organization postulated by Kauffman and the autonomy of Ruiz-Mirazo and Moreno. A definition of genetically modified organisms is proposed, arguing that they are autogenerative living systems that have an intentional design in the artificial components. The main consequence is that such entities are not equal to artefacts.
在技术哲学中关于人工制品的讨论中，转基因生物所代表的哲学问题很少被提及。这篇文章的目的是审查采取不同的立场filosoficas这种复杂的自然实体,不能简单定义为自然对象,因为遭到窃听通过技能,但也因为类似的人造物体,工业机器或其他artefactual对象类型。本文对两种哲学观点进行了评估:第一种观点认为这些实体是人工的，因为人工制品是人造的物体。第二，根据昆塔尼拉和乔纳斯的说法，这些修改过的实体是人工产生的自然物体。本文提出了一种方法，从不同的角度承认自然实体是自生系统:Maturana和Varela的构成自治，Kauffman假设的自组织和Ruiz-Mirazo & Moreno的自治。本文提出了转基因生物是什么类型的物体的定义，声称它们是自我生成的生命系统，在人工成分中有一个有意的设计。主要的结果是，这些类型的实体并不等同于工件。在技术哲学中关于人工的讨论中，基因改良生物所代表的哲学问题没有得到充分的解决。本说明的目的是条is to analyze不同关于this type of complex philosophical职位自然简单的自然实体,which be defined as objects, they have been intervened by means of technique,但两者as似的人造objects to工业machines or to another type of artifactual object。Two philosophical postures are evaluated: the first本来这些实体的人工,in the understanding that artifacts are人造objects。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。本文提出一项建议，从几个角度承认自然实体是自生系统:Maturana和Varela的构成自治，Kauffman假设的自组织，以及Ruiz-Mirazo和Moreno的自治。提议的修改definition of genetically organisms is,客厅arguing that they are autogenerative systems that have an intentional design in the人工部件。主要的结果是，这些实体与人工制品不平等。
{"title":"Artefactos y entidades naturales modificadas por medio de la biotecnología (Artifacts and Natural Modified Entities Trough Biotechnology)","authors":"Mónica María Márquez","doi":"10.22430/21457778.1242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22430/21457778.1242","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl problema filosofico que representan los organismos modificados geneticamente ha sido poco abordado en las discusiones sobre artefactos en la filosofia de la tecnologia. El proposito de este articulo es analizar diferentes posturas filosoficas respecto a este tipo de entidades naturales complejas, que no pueden ser definidas como objetos naturales simples, pues han sido intervenidos por medio de la tecnica, pero tampoco como objetos artificiales, similares a las maquinas industriales o a otro tipo de objeto artefactual. Se evaluan dos posturas filosoficas: la primera, afirma que dichas entidades son artificiales, en el entendimiento de que los artefactos son objetos hechos por el hombre. La segunda, que estas entidades modificadas son objetos naturales producidos artificialmente, segun Quintanilla y Jonas. Se presenta una propuesta que ofrece argumentos para reconocer, desde varias perspectivas, que las entidades naturales son sistemas autogenerativos: la autonomia constitutiva de Maturana y Varela, la autoorganizacion postulada por Kauffman y la autonomia de Ruiz-Mirazo & Moreno. Se propone una definicion del tipo de objetos que serian los organismos modificados geneticamente, afirmando que son sistemas vivientes autogenerativos que tienen un diseno intencional en los componentes artificiales. La consecuencia principal es que tal tipo de entidades no son iguales a artefactos. EnglishThe philosophical problem represented by genetically modified organisms has been insufficiently addressed in discussions of artifacts in the philosophy of technology. The purpose of this article is to analyze different philosophical positions regarding this type of complex natural entities, which cannot be defined as simple natural objects, since they have been intervened by means of technique, but neither as artificial objects, similar to industrial machines or to another type of artifactual object. Two philosophical postures are evaluated: the first asserts that these entities are artificial, in the understanding that artifacts are man-made objects. The second says that these modified entities are artificially produced natural objects, according to Quintanilla and Jonas. A proposal is presented that offers arguments to recognize, from several perspectives, that natural entities are autogenerative systems: the constitutive autonomy of Maturana and Varela, the self-organization postulated by Kauffman and the autonomy of Ruiz-Mirazo and Moreno. A definition of genetically modified organisms is proposed, arguing that they are autogenerative living systems that have an intentional design in the artificial components. The main consequence is that such entities are not equal to artefacts.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75050442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.34218/ijeet.11.4.2020.040
I. Ahmad
Fast and efficient QRS detection algorithm is a essential prerequisite for analyzing disease related to heart. A study and analysis of first differentiation based QRS detection method, first and second differentiation based QRS detection method and High speed QRS detection method (Hamilton and Tompkins) was done. Algorithms based on differentiation method of QRS detection are efficient as far as computation is concerned. This method can be used for real time analysis of large data set. On a standard data set first differentiation method has highest detection accuracy but also the largest time error (Average time error is 12.05ms). For the first and second differentiation based QRS detection method sensitivity and positive predictivity are 96.4 and 97.7, data error rate is 4.64 and Average Time error is 7.26ms.For the third method sensitivity and positive predictivity is 100 percent and data error rate is zero. Average time error is 9.13ms and is having better performance as compared to differentiation based methods.
{"title":"QRS Detection for Heart Rate Monitoring","authors":"I. Ahmad","doi":"10.34218/ijeet.11.4.2020.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34218/ijeet.11.4.2020.040","url":null,"abstract":"Fast and efficient QRS detection algorithm is a essential prerequisite for analyzing disease related to heart. A study and analysis of first differentiation based QRS detection method, first and second differentiation based QRS detection method and High speed QRS detection method (Hamilton and Tompkins) was done. Algorithms based on differentiation method of QRS detection are efficient as far as computation is concerned. This method can be used for real time analysis of large data set. On a standard data set first differentiation method has highest detection accuracy but also the largest time error (Average time error is 12.05ms). For the first and second differentiation based QRS detection method sensitivity and positive predictivity are 96.4 and 97.7, data error rate is 4.64 and Average Time error is 7.26ms.For the third method sensitivity and positive predictivity is 100 percent and data error rate is zero. Average time error is 9.13ms and is having better performance as compared to differentiation based methods.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91451676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With an increasing life expectancy and aging population, orthopedic defects and bone graft surgeries are increasing in global prevalence. Research to date has greatly advanced the understanding of bone biology and defect repair mechanism, leading to a marked success in the development of synthetic bone substitutes. Yet, the quest for a functionalized bone grafts prompted the researchers to pursue a viable and safer alternative that regulates cellular activity, and supports bone regeneration and healing process without causing serious side-effects and tissue toxicity. In this context, researchers have found a novel treatment regimen by introducing naturally derived medicinal compounds (NMSs) in bone tissue engineering scaffold that enables them to release at a desirable rate and concentration, maintains a sustained release allowing sufficient time for tissue in-growth, and guides bone regeneration process with minimized risk of tissue toxicity. NMCs are gaining popularity in western countries for the last two decades and is now being used by 80% of the population worldwide, according to an estimation by WHO. In contrast to synthetic drugs, NMCs have a broader range of safety window and thus presented as suitable for prolonged localized delivery for bone tissue regeneration. There is limited literature focusing on the integration of bone grafts and natural medicines that provides detailed scientific evidences on each NMCs, their toxic limits and particular application in bone tissue engineering, which could guide the researchers to develop functionalized implants for various bone disorders. This review will discuss the emerging trend of NMC drug delivery from tissue engineering scaffold, including both 3D printed structures and surface modified implants, highlighting the significance and potential of NMCs for bone health, guiding future paths toward the development of an ideal bone tissue engineering scaffold.
{"title":"Controlled Delivery of Natural Medicinal Compounds from Tissue Engineering Scaffolds for Critical-Sized Bone Defect Repair","authors":"S. Bose, Naboneeta Sarkar, Dishary Banerjee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3708576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3708576","url":null,"abstract":"With an increasing life expectancy and aging population, orthopedic defects and bone graft surgeries are increasing in global prevalence. Research to date has greatly advanced the understanding of bone biology and defect repair mechanism, leading to a marked success in the development of synthetic bone substitutes. Yet, the quest for a functionalized bone grafts prompted the researchers to pursue a viable and safer alternative that regulates cellular activity, and supports bone regeneration and healing process without causing serious side-effects and tissue toxicity. In this context, researchers have found a novel treatment regimen by introducing naturally derived medicinal compounds (NMSs) in bone tissue engineering scaffold that enables them to release at a desirable rate and concentration, maintains a sustained release allowing sufficient time for tissue in-growth, and guides bone regeneration process with minimized risk of tissue toxicity. NMCs are gaining popularity in western countries for the last two decades and is now being used by 80% of the population worldwide, according to an estimation by WHO. In contrast to synthetic drugs, NMCs have a broader range of safety window and thus presented as suitable for prolonged localized delivery for bone tissue regeneration. There is limited literature focusing on the integration of bone grafts and natural medicines that provides detailed scientific evidences on each NMCs, their toxic limits and particular application in bone tissue engineering, which could guide the researchers to develop functionalized implants for various bone disorders. This review will discuss the emerging trend of NMC drug delivery from tissue engineering scaffold, including both 3D printed structures and surface modified implants, highlighting the significance and potential of NMCs for bone health, guiding future paths toward the development of an ideal bone tissue engineering scaffold.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81744467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For a long time, the scientific community has been discussing whether living beings have specific biological radiation that is different from the standard set of electromagnetic and acoustic waves occur in the process of vital activity of an organism as a whole and its parts. In this paper, the author presents the results of experiments confirming the presence of such specific biological radiation and its material nature.
{"title":"Biological Radiation","authors":"I. Zueva","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3437252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3437252","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time, the scientific community has been discussing whether living beings have specific biological radiation that is different from the standard set of electromagnetic and acoustic waves occur in the process of vital activity of an organism as a whole and its parts. In this paper, the author presents the results of experiments confirming the presence of such specific biological radiation and its material nature.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78313449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Flammang, Geonho Song, J. Delroisse, Dorian Schoenaers, Hyungbin Kim, Thai Cuong Nguyen, P. Leclère, D. Hwang, M. Harrington
Biological organisms produce high-performance composite materials, such as bone, wood and insect cuticle, which provide inspiration for the design of novel materials. Ascidians (sea squirts) produce an organic exoskeleton known as a tunic; however, currently, very little is understood about the detailed structure and composition of this cellulosic biocomposite. Here, we investigate the composition and hierarchical structure of the tough tunic from the species Halocynthia roretzi, through a cross-disciplinary approach combining traditional histology, immunohistochemistry, vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force and electron microscopies. The picture emerging is that the tunic of H. roretzi is a hierarchically-structured composite of cellulose and proteins with several compositionally and structurally distinct zones. At the surface is a thin sclerotized cuticular layer with elevated composition of protein containing halogenated amino acids and cross-linked via dityrosine linkages. The fibrous layer makes up the bulk of the tunic and is comprised primarily of well-ordered crystalline cellulose fibres with a lower protein content. The subcuticular zone directly beneath the surface contains much less organized cellulose fibres. Given current efforts to utilize biorenewable cellulose sources for the sustainable production of bio-inspired composites, these insights establish the tunic of H. roretzi as an exciting new archetype for extracting relevant design principles.
{"title":"Structure and Composition of the Tunic in the Sea Pineapple Halocynthia Roretzi: A Complex Cellulosic Composite Biomaterial","authors":"P. Flammang, Geonho Song, J. Delroisse, Dorian Schoenaers, Hyungbin Kim, Thai Cuong Nguyen, P. Leclère, D. Hwang, M. Harrington","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3518165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3518165","url":null,"abstract":"Biological organisms produce high-performance composite materials, such as bone, wood and insect cuticle, which provide inspiration for the design of novel materials. Ascidians (sea squirts) produce an organic exoskeleton known as a tunic; however, currently, very little is understood about the detailed structure and composition of this cellulosic biocomposite. Here, we investigate the composition and hierarchical structure of the tough tunic from the species <i>Halocynthia roretzi</i>, through a cross-disciplinary approach combining traditional histology, immunohistochemistry, vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and atomic force and electron microscopies. The picture emerging is that the tunic of <i>H. roretz</i>i is a hierarchically-structured composite of cellulose and proteins with several compositionally and structurally distinct zones. At the surface is a thin sclerotized cuticular layer with elevated composition of protein containing halogenated amino acids and cross-linked via dityrosine linkages. The fibrous layer makes up the bulk of the tunic and is comprised primarily of well-ordered crystalline cellulose fibres with a lower protein content. The subcuticular zone directly beneath the surface contains much less organized cellulose fibres. Given current efforts to utilize biorenewable cellulose sources for the sustainable production of bio-inspired composites, these insights establish the tunic of <i>H. roretzi</i> as an exciting new archetype for extracting relevant design principles.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77617479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colorectal cancer has become one of the malignant tumors with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, how to effectively treat colorectal cancer is crucial. Although nano delivery system has been applied to the therapy of colorectal cancer, the majority of existing nano delivery systems still have drawbacks such as low biocompatibility and poor targeting ability. In this work, programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) functionalized cell membrane bioinspired nanoplatform was prepared to enhance the targeting and therapeutic effect for colorectal cancer chemo-immunotherapy. Firstly, hollow long persistence luminescence nanomaterials were synthesized with superior background-free bioimaging effect and high drug-loading content. After loaded with cisplatin, the nanoplatform was camouflaged with erythrocyte and PD-1 expressed 293T hybrid cell membrane. In vivo animal imaging experiment showed that the nano delivery system camouflaged with hybrid cell membrane not only had excellent immune escape ability, but had excellent tumor active targeting ability. In vivo anticancer experiments showed that combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy of this nano delivery system could significantly inhibit tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, the PD-1 protein-functionalized cell membrane camouflage produced excellent immune escape ability and cancer active targeting ability, providing a new modality for biomimetic nano delivery systems.
{"title":"Persistent Luminescence Nanocarriers Functionalization with PD-1 Enriched Cell Membrane Enable in Vivo Tumor Targeting and Colorectal Cancer Chemo-Immunotherapy","authors":"Zhi‐hao Wang, Jingmin Liu, Feier Yang, Yaozhong Hu, Huan Lv, Shuo Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3714488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3714488","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer has become one of the malignant tumors with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, how to effectively treat colorectal cancer is crucial. Although nano delivery system has been applied to the therapy of colorectal cancer, the majority of existing nano delivery systems still have drawbacks such as low biocompatibility and poor targeting ability. In this work, programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) functionalized cell membrane bioinspired nanoplatform was prepared to enhance the targeting and therapeutic effect for colorectal cancer chemo-immunotherapy. Firstly, hollow long persistence luminescence nanomaterials were synthesized with superior background-free bioimaging effect and high drug-loading content. After loaded with cisplatin, the nanoplatform was camouflaged with erythrocyte and PD-1 expressed 293T hybrid cell membrane. <i>In vivo</i> animal imaging experiment showed that the nano delivery system camouflaged with hybrid cell membrane not only had excellent immune escape ability, but had excellent tumor active targeting ability. <i>In vivo</i> anticancer experiments showed that combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy of this nano delivery system could significantly inhibit tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, the PD-1 protein-functionalized cell membrane camouflage produced excellent immune escape ability and cancer active targeting ability, providing a new modality for biomimetic nano delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81946638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rama Krishna Alla, Vineeth Guduri, V. Kandi, Raghavendraswamy Kn, Ritu Vyas, G. Narasimharao
Background: Poly (Methyl methacrylic acid) based materials are the most widely used for the fabrication of removable complete and partial dentures. Certain microorganisms adhere to the tissue surface of a denture base, especially on palatal region, often leading to Denture stomatitis. Numerous attempts were made to treat the denture stomatitis with various antifungal agents showing variable success rates. This may be attributed to the loss of the drug rapidly into the saliva, inhomogeneous distribution of the drug and the development of resistance to antifungal therapy. Aim: This study was done to evaluate the effect of incorporating various concentrations of silver nanoparticles on the antimicrobial activity of heat-cure denture base resin materials. Methods: Silver nanoparticles were incorporated at various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 wt%) into three heat-cure denture base materials. A total of 300 disc-shaped specimens (10 × 2 mm) of heat-cure acrylic resin were made using compression molding technique which comprises 100 specimens with each denture base material. Fifty specimens from each denture base materials were allocated to each microorganism used in the study which comprises into five groups with ten specimens (n=10) for each concentration such as control, 0.5wt%, 1.0wt%, 2.0wt% and 5.0wt% concentrations of silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity of control and modified specimens were evaluated using direct contact method against C albicans, and S Mutans by counting the number of colony-forming units. The data were subjected to One way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests for statistical analyses. Results: Significant(P<0.05) differences were observed in the antimicrobial activity against C albicans and S Mutans between the control and modified groups of heat-cure denture base resin materials. Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles are the favourable materials to incorporate into denture base materials as they exhibit superior antimicrobial activity.
背景:聚甲基丙烯酸基材料是目前应用最广泛的可摘全、局部义齿材料。某些微生物附着在义齿基托的组织表面，特别是在腭区，经常导致义齿口炎。各种抗真菌药物治疗义齿口炎的成功率各不相同。这可能是由于药物迅速流失到唾液中，药物分布不均匀以及对抗真菌治疗产生耐药性。目的:研究不同浓度银纳米颗粒对热固化义齿基托树脂材料抗菌活性的影响。方法:将不同浓度的银纳米颗粒(0.5、1.0、2.0和5.0 wt%)掺入三种热固化义齿基托材料中。采用压缩成型技术制作热固化丙烯酸树脂碟形试件300个，每种基托材料各100个。每种义齿基托材料50份标本分配给研究中使用的每种微生物，分为五组，每组10份标本(n=10)，分别为对照组、0.5wt%、1.0wt%、2.0wt%和5.0wt%浓度的纳米银。采用直接接触法和计数菌落形成单位法对对照和修饰标本的白色念珠菌和变形S的抑菌活性进行评价。数据采用单因素方差分析(One way ANOVA)和Tukey HSD检验进行统计分析。结果:热固化义齿基托树脂材料对照组与改性组对白色念珠菌和变形S的抑菌活性差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:纳米银具有良好的抗菌活性，是义齿基托材料的理想材料。
{"title":"Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Heat-Cure Denture Base Resin Materials Incorporated With Silver Nanoparticles","authors":"Rama Krishna Alla, Vineeth Guduri, V. Kandi, Raghavendraswamy Kn, Ritu Vyas, G. Narasimharao","doi":"10.37983/ijdm.2019.1201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37983/ijdm.2019.1201","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Poly (Methyl methacrylic acid) based materials are the most widely used for the fabrication of removable complete and partial dentures. Certain microorganisms adhere to the tissue surface of a denture base, especially on palatal region, often leading to Denture stomatitis. Numerous attempts were made to treat the denture stomatitis with various antifungal agents showing variable success rates. This may be attributed to the loss of the drug rapidly into the saliva, inhomogeneous distribution of the drug and the development of resistance to antifungal therapy. \u0000Aim: \u0000This study was done to evaluate the effect of incorporating various concentrations of silver nanoparticles on the antimicrobial activity of heat-cure denture base resin materials. \u0000Methods: \u0000Silver nanoparticles were incorporated at various concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 wt%) into three heat-cure denture base materials. A total of 300 disc-shaped specimens (10 × 2 mm) of heat-cure acrylic resin were made using compression molding technique which comprises 100 specimens with each denture base material. Fifty specimens from each denture base materials were allocated to each microorganism used in the study which comprises into five groups with ten specimens (n=10) for each concentration such as control, 0.5wt%, 1.0wt%, 2.0wt% and 5.0wt% concentrations of silver nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity of control and modified specimens were evaluated using direct contact method against C albicans, and S Mutans by counting the number of colony-forming units. The data were subjected to One way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests for statistical analyses. \u0000Results: \u0000Significant(P<0.05) differences were observed in the antimicrobial activity against C albicans and S Mutans between the control and modified groups of heat-cure denture base resin materials. \u0000Conclusion: \u0000Silver nanoparticles are the favourable materials to incorporate into denture base materials as they exhibit superior antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"1965 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91301728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-31DOI: 10.5121/ijwmn.2019.11501
Mohanad M. Abdulwahhab, M. Rasid, F. Hashim
One of the most important factors to implement VANET is by considering the variety of wireless networks available around the city as well as the vehicles traffic scenarios. However, by providing a diverse range of wireless access technologies, it is necessary to provide continuous network connectivity as well as selecting the most suitable network technology and performance. Many researchers have worked on building algorithms for selecting the best network to improve the handover process. However, with high-speed vehicles mobility, the vertical handover process became the most challenging task in order to achieve realtime network selection. This paper proposes a bio-inspired network selection algorithm influenced by insect's behaviour which combines Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The proposed algorithm is applied to process multi-criteria parameters to evaluate the best available network and then execute the handover process seamlessly. The results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed Multi-Criteria ABC-PSO method by reducing the handover decision delays by 25%. It gives the optimum performance in terms of network selections and reduces the handover latency by 14.5%. The proposed algorithm also reduces the number of unnecessary handovers by 48% for three different mobility scenarios based on traffic environments (highway, urban and traffic jam).
{"title":"Bio-inspired Seamless Vertical Handover Algorithm for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks","authors":"Mohanad M. Abdulwahhab, M. Rasid, F. Hashim","doi":"10.5121/ijwmn.2019.11501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5121/ijwmn.2019.11501","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important factors to implement VANET is by considering the variety of wireless networks available around the city as well as the vehicles traffic scenarios. However, by providing a diverse range of wireless access technologies, it is necessary to provide continuous network connectivity as well as selecting the most suitable network technology and performance. Many researchers have worked on building algorithms for selecting the best network to improve the handover process. However, with high-speed vehicles mobility, the vertical handover process became the most challenging task in order to achieve realtime network selection. This paper proposes a bio-inspired network selection algorithm influenced by insect's behaviour which combines Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The proposed algorithm is applied to process multi-criteria parameters to evaluate the best available network and then execute the handover process seamlessly. The results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed Multi-Criteria ABC-PSO method by reducing the handover decision delays by 25%. It gives the optimum performance in terms of network selections and reduces the handover latency by 14.5%. The proposed algorithm also reduces the number of unnecessary handovers by 48% for three different mobility scenarios based on traffic environments (highway, urban and traffic jam).","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80653378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the field of machine vision and image classification, many models and methods have been introduced, but explicitly, different algorithms and models of neural network based researches have acquired a great importance among image classification models. beside the applications of this science in identifying patterns, image processing, artificial intelligence, and robot control, on the other hand the different influence aspects in daily and real life is indispensable to every point of view is such as agricultural domains, weather forecasts, medical sciences, engineering and so on. The accuracy and the executive algorithm path are very important in recognition and classification result. The main objective of these architectures is to provide a model similar to the internal system of the human brain to analyze various systems based on experiences, here-at the final goal of these algorithms is the possibility to create the training flow in artificial networks, in order to provide deep learning so that the network can diagnosis like human brain. This is another aspect of the architectures and the subject of the algorithm implementation accuracy as the model ability for recognize images and act like human brain?
{"title":"Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Large-Scale Images Classification","authors":"H. Eghbali, Najmeh Hajihosseini","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3476258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3476258","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of machine vision and image classification, many models and methods have been introduced, but explicitly, different algorithms and models of neural network based researches have acquired a great importance among image classification models. beside the applications of this science in identifying patterns, image processing, artificial intelligence, and robot control, on the other hand the different influence aspects in daily and real life is indispensable to every point of view is such as agricultural domains, weather forecasts, medical sciences, engineering and so on. The accuracy and the executive algorithm path are very important in recognition and classification result. The main objective of these architectures is to provide a model similar to the internal system of the human brain to analyze various systems based on experiences, here-at the final goal of these algorithms is the possibility to create the training flow in artificial networks, in order to provide deep learning so that the network can diagnosis like human brain. This is another aspect of the architectures and the subject of the algorithm implementation accuracy as the model ability for recognize images and act like human brain?","PeriodicalId":8928,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials eJournal","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90937777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：