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Assessing the applicability of tunicate skin-extracted cellulose as a base material for ultrasound gel 评估将鳞毛皮提取的纤维素作为超声凝胶基质材料的适用性
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00146-x
Ji Woo Han, Nu Ri Han, Hye Jin Hwang, Byung Man Lee, Hwa Sung Shin, Sang Hyun Lee, Yun Jung Yang

Cellulose is widely considered an outstanding biomaterial due to its remarkable ionic properties, exceptional biocompatibility, and low toxicity. Its abundant surface hydroxyl groups facilitate increased hydrogen bonding, improving gelation and swelling capabilities. Moreover, incorporating carboxymethyl groups enhances solubility and allows for diverse formulations, serving as multifunctional cross-linkers. Among the various sources of this compound, tunicate-derived cellulose is an animal-derived cellulose and food byproduct with low utility. However, recycling tunicate skin into a useful biomaterial would provide access to the unique characteristics of animal cellulose, distinct from those of plant-derived cellulose. Particularly, tunicate cellulose has a longer fiber length than plant cellulose, enhancing the sound propagation speed within the material and making it suitable for the production of ultrasound-responsive gels. This study examined the viscosity and conductivity of tunicate-derived carboxymethyl celluloseto assess its applicability as an ultrasound gel. Additionally, small molecule release after ultrasound stimulation was also evaluated.

纤维素具有显著的离子特性、优异的生物相容性和低毒性,因此被广泛认为是一种出色的生物材料。其丰富的表面羟基有助于增加氢键,提高凝胶和溶胀能力。此外,羧甲基基团的加入可提高溶解度,使配方多样化,成为多功能交联剂。在这种化合物的各种来源中,鳞毛纤维素是一种动物来源的纤维素和食品副产品,实用性较低。然而,将鳞毛皮回收利用成有用的生物材料,可以获得动物纤维素不同于植物纤维素的独特特性。特别是,鳞毛纤维素的纤维长度比植物纤维素长,从而提高了声音在材料内部的传播速度,使其适用于生产超声响应凝胶。本研究检测了纤毛虫衍生的羧甲基纤维素的粘度和电导率,以评估其作为超声凝胶的适用性。此外,还评估了超声刺激后小分子的释放情况。
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引用次数: 0
Fabrication of protein–inorganic biohybrid as an imageable drug delivery system comprising transferrin, green fluorescent protein, and copper phosphate 制作蛋白质-无机生物杂化物,作为由转铁蛋白、绿色荧光蛋白和磷酸铜组成的可成像给药系统
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00148-9
Seung Woo Lee, Yoojin Choi, Yeong Hyeock Kim, Jeong Eun Ham, Suresh Kumar Kailasa, Tae Jung Park

Organic–inorganic biohybrids have recently garnered attention for biomedical applications owing to their outstanding catalytic activity and biocompatibility. However, their efficacy in enhancing specificity toward drug targets remains limited. Here, we developed a transferrin–doxorubicin (TRF–DOX) complex and green fluorescence protein (GFP)-conjugated copper (Cu) phosphate (TRF–DOX@GFP@Cu biohybrid) for use as an imageable drug delivery system (DDS). TRF was utilized to increase the affinity of drug carriers for TRF receptors on cancer cells, and DOX was selected as a model drug. Additionally, GFP provides fluorescence properties for bioimaging and Cu ions serve as the skeleton for forming the flower-shaped inorganic material. By adjusting the concentrations of TRF–DOX and GFP with 25 mg mL−1 of Cu precursors, six flower-shaped TRF–DOX@GFP@Cu biohybrids were fabricated. Among these, biohybrid-5 (prepared using 0.05 mg mL−1 TRF–DOX and 0.10 mg mL−1 of GFP with 25 mg mL−1 of Cu ions) exhibited the strongest fluorescence. We characterized the morphology, composition, functional groups, and specific surface area of the TRF–DOX@GFP@Cu biohybrid. Biohybrid-5 had a specific surface area of 37.508 m2 g−1 and could effectively bind to A549 lung cancer cells as shown by fluorescence imaging. The novel TRF–DOX@GFP@Cu biohybrid fabricated in this study has potential as a DDS in the treatment of lung cancer.

有机-无机生物混合物因其出色的催化活性和生物兼容性,最近在生物医学应用领域备受关注。然而,它们在提高药物靶点特异性方面的功效仍然有限。在这里,我们开发了一种转铁蛋白-多柔比星(TRF-DOX)复合物和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)共轭磷酸铜(Cu)(TRF-DOX@GFP@Cu 生物杂交),用作可成像给药系统(DDS)。利用 TRF 增加药物载体对癌细胞上 TRF 受体的亲和力,并选择 DOX 作为模型药物。此外,GFP 为生物成像提供了荧光特性,而铜离子则是形成花朵状无机材料的骨架。通过调整 TRF-DOX 和 GFP 与 25 mg mL-1 铜前体的浓度,制备出六种花形 TRF-DOX@GFP@Cu 生物混合物。其中,生物杂交-5(使用 0.05 mg mL-1 TRF-DOX 和 0.10 mg mL-1 GFP 以及 25 mg mL-1 Cu 离子制备)的荧光最强。我们对 TRF-DOX@GFP@Cu 生物杂交体的形态、组成、功能基团和比表面积进行了表征。生物杂交体-5 的比表面积为 37.508 m2 g-1,荧光成像显示它能有效地与 A549 肺癌细胞结合。本研究制备的新型 TRF-DOX@GFP@Cu 生物杂交体具有作为 DDS 治疗肺癌的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Continuous cell recycling in methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris to enhance product yields: a case study with Yarrowia lipolytica lipase Lip2 在养甲酵母 Pichia pastoris 中进行连续细胞循环以提高产品产量:利用 Yarrowia lipolytica 脂肪酶 Lip2 进行的案例研究
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00149-8
Shilpa Mohanty, Babbal, Shivani Chauhan, Mohini Talwar, Yogender Pal Khasa

A robust cell recycling strategy based on the methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, was established to enhance product titers of the commercially important Yarrowia lipolytica lipase Lip2. The expression of Lip2 protein in the prokaryotic host Escherichia coli resulted in inclusion bodies, whereas utilization of SUMO fusion tag could not improve its solubility. Therefore, Lip2 extracellular expression was targeted via the Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-mating signal sequence in P. pastoris under methanol-inducible AOX1 promoter. Shake flask expression studies of hyper-producer Pichia clone under optimized conditions resulted in 438.83 and 420.09 mg/L of glycosylated Lip2 production after induction at an OD600 of 10 and 20, respectively. A high Lip2 productivity was further targeted using a cell retention technique where the cell biomass was recycled to obtain higher product concentration with improved product quality. The biomass recycling at every 72 h followed a 3.8-fold enhanced Lip2 concentration with a cumulative volumetric product concentration of 1,794 mg/L. A high specific product yield (YP/X) in the range of 37.45–47.00 mg/g dry cell weight (DCW) was also maintained up to five retention cycles. Furthermore, higher cumulative protein yields were obtained from the 5-time recycled cells compared to five individual batch runs at shake flask up to 72 h. High cell density cultivation of recombinant P. pastoris in a 2.5-L fermenter yielded 5.25 g/L of Lip2 enzyme with a maximum specific yield of 51.97 mg/g DCW.

为了提高具有重要商业价值的脂溶性亚罗酵母脂肪酶 Lip2 的产品滴度,我们建立了一种基于营养甲基酵母 Pichia pastoris 的稳健细胞循环策略。在原核宿主大肠杆菌中表达 Lip2 蛋白会产生包涵体,而利用 SUMO 融合标签并不能提高其溶解度。因此,在甲醇诱导的 AOX1 启动子下,Lip2 通过酿酒酵母的 α 交配信号序列在 P. pastoris 中进行细胞外定向表达。在优化的条件下,对高产 Pichia 克隆进行了摇瓶表达研究,结果显示,在 OD600 为 10 和 20 的诱导条件下,糖基化 Lip2 的产量分别为 438.83 和 420.09 mg/L。高 Lip2 生产率的进一步目标是使用细胞保留技术,即细胞生物量循环利用,以获得更高的产品浓度和更好的产品质量。每 72 小时进行一次生物质循环,可使 Lip2 浓度提高 3.8 倍,产品累积体积浓度为 1,794 mg/L。高特定产品产率(YP/X)在 37.45-47.00 mg/g 干细胞重量(DCW)的范围内也保持到了五个保留周期。在 2.5 升发酵罐中以高细胞密度培养重组 P. pastoris,可获得 5.25 克/升 Lip2 酶,最大特定产率为 51.97 毫克/克 DCW。
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引用次数: 0
Sensitive detection of SARS-CoV2 spike antibodies by a paper-based polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide sensor 用纸基聚吡咯/还原氧化石墨烯传感器灵敏检测 SARS-CoV2 穗状抗体
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00150-1
Hsiao-Ming Chang, Yibing Zhang, Casey Hashimoto, Carlos I. Vazquez, Yile Fang, Parveen Kumar, Anand Gadre, Changqing Li, Wei-Chun Chin

The presence of antibodies (Abs) in the body is an indicator of the individual immune response to an infection. In the post-pandemic era, an accurate, cheap, and rapid antibiotic sensor is critically needed to monitor Ab levels. Therefore, we present a simple fabrication method for a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor that detects SARS-CoV2 spike Abs. The sensor comprises filter paper with a composite made of polypyrrole (PPy) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO structure is observed using a scanning electron microscope and Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The presence of rGO improves protein conjugation which is identified using a fluorescent microscope and FTIR. The sensitivity test performs high selectivity and reproducibility in two different SARS-CoV2 Abs separately and shows the range of detection limits between 10 and 1000 fg/mL. The results demonstrate an advancement in developing PPy/rGO composite sensors for SARS-CoV2 Ab detection and as a promising sensor for monitoring COVID-19 exposures and infections.

体内抗体(Abs)的存在是个体对感染产生免疫反应的指标。在后流行病时代,亟需一种准确、廉价、快速的抗生素传感器来监测抗体水平。因此,我们提出了一种检测 SARS-CoV2 尖峰抗体的高灵敏度电化学传感器的简单制作方法。传感器由滤纸与聚吡咯(PPy)和还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合而成。使用扫描电子显微镜和傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)观察 rGO 结构。利用荧光显微镜和傅立叶变换红外光谱可确定 rGO 的存在是否改善了蛋白质的结合。灵敏度测试在两种不同的 SARS-CoV2 Abs 中分别表现出高选择性和可重复性,并显示出 10 至 1000 fg/mL 的检测限范围。这些结果表明,在开发用于 SARS-CoV2 Ab 检测的 PPy/rGO 复合传感器方面取得了进展,而且这种传感器有望用于监测 COVID-19 暴露和感染。
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引用次数: 0
A neural ordinary differential equation model for predicting the growth of Chinese Hamster Ovary cell in a bioreactor system 预测中国仓鼠卵巢细胞在生物反应器系统中生长的神经常微分方程模型
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00141-2
Kuo-Chun Chiu, Dongping Du

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells play an important role in the biopharmaceutical industry, but their production efficiency requires enhancement to meet the growing market demands. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a potent tool for modeling bioprocesses to support biopharmaceutical manufacturing. However, existing AI models do not adapt well to process data collected at irregular time intervals and have limited capability to scale up and down to incorporate various process parameters. To address the limitations, this study develops a novel neural ordinary differential equation (ODE) model for predicting key variables such as viable cell concentration, glucose concentration, lactate concentration, pH, and dissolved oxygen in a CHO cell bioreactor. Validated through extensive bioreactor experiments, the neural ODE model shows a better accuracy compared to the benchmark models, which include a conventional mechanistic model and a hybrid model. Additionally, the neural ODE model incorporated essential process variables that were not considered in the previous models. It successfully extrapolates to predict unknown dynamics at different initial conditions, which showcases robust adaptability. Moreover, the model provides useful insights into the relationship among variables, highlighting its potential for bioprocess modeling.

中国仓鼠卵巢(CHO)细胞在生物制药行业中发挥着重要作用,但其生产效率需要提高才能满足日益增长的市场需求。人工智能(AI)一直是建立生物过程模型以支持生物制药生产的有效工具。然而,现有的人工智能模型并不能很好地适应以不规则时间间隔收集的工艺数据,并且在纳入各种工艺参数方面的放大和缩小能力有限。为了解决这些局限性,本研究开发了一种新型神经常微分方程(ODE)模型,用于预测 CHO 细胞生物反应器中的存活细胞浓度、葡萄糖浓度、乳酸浓度、pH 值和溶解氧等关键变量。通过大量的生物反应器实验验证,神经 ODE 模型与基准模型(包括传统机械模型和混合模型)相比显示出更高的准确性。此外,神经 ODE 模型还纳入了以往模型未考虑的基本过程变量。它成功地推断预测了不同初始条件下的未知动态,展示了强大的适应性。此外,该模型对变量之间的关系提供了有用的见解,突出了其在生物过程建模方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation and characterization of two halophilic bacteria producing polyhydroxybutyrate from high-salt environment 从高盐环境中分离并鉴定两种产生聚羟基丁酸的嗜卤细菌
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00140-3
Youjung Kong, Hyun Gi Koh, Haeng-Geun Cha, Byung Wook Lee, Kyungjae Yu, See-Hyoung Park, Kyungmoon Park

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), one of biodegradable polyesters, are substances that store carbon and energy in various microorganisms. Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is the most commonly type of PHAs with relatively simple chemical structure. In this study, we developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening method for screen novel halophilic bacteria containing PHA synthase (PhaC) gene. Halophilic bacteria were collected and isolated from high-salt environment such as sea soil or shrimp jeotgal in South Korea. Primer set was designed based on the conserved region in Class I PhaC from 30 kinds of Halomonas species. The designed primer set was used to optimize PCR conditions to identify PhaC gene in newly isolated 15 halophilic bacteria from sea soil or shrimp jeotgal. Among 15 candidates, five bacteria were selected after PCR and agarose gel analysis and confirmed to produce PHB. Two bacteria with higher PHB production were identified as Halomonas and Marinobacter sp. by 16 s rRNA analysis and named as Halomonas shrimpha IBTH01 and Marinobacter haeunpha IBTM02. Then, PHB production was examined by changing culture temperature, media composition, carbon source, and glucose concentration. Finally, PHB from two bacteria was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, gas chromatography, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. Taken together, this study will contribute to establish a platform for the utilization of novel halophilic bacteria in the synthesis of PHA polymers.

聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)是可生物降解的聚酯之一,是在各种微生物中储存碳和能量的物质。聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)是最常见的 PHAs 类型,其化学结构相对简单。本研究开发了一种聚合酶链式反应(PCR)筛选方法,用于筛选含有 PHA 合成酶(PhaC)基因的新型嗜卤细菌。嗜卤细菌是从韩国的高盐环境(如海洋土壤或对虾的饵料)中收集并分离出来的。根据 30 种卤单胞菌中 PhaC I 类基因的保守区设计了引物集。利用所设计的引物组优化 PCR 条件,鉴定了从海洋土壤或虾藻中新分离出的 15 种嗜卤细菌的 PhaC 基因。在 15 个候选细菌中,经过 PCR 和琼脂糖凝胶分析,选出了 5 个细菌,并证实它们能产生 PHB。通过 16 s rRNA 分析,确定了两种 PHB 产量较高的细菌,分别为 Halomonas 和 Marinobacter sp.,并命名为 Halomonas shrimpha IBTH01 和 Marinobacter haeunpha IBTM02。然后,通过改变培养温度、培养基成分、碳源和葡萄糖浓度来检测 PHB 的产量。最后,通过透射电子显微镜、气相色谱法和 1H 核磁共振分析了两种细菌的 PHB。总之,这项研究将有助于建立一个利用新型嗜卤细菌合成 PHA 聚合物的平台。
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引用次数: 0
Nano-sized lysate of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolated from green tea leaves as a potential skin care ingredient 从绿茶叶中分离出的植物乳杆菌纳米级裂解物作为一种潜在的护肤成分
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00132-3
Kilsun Myoung, Eun-Jeong Choi, Sehyun Kim, Jeong Ah Hwang, Ji Young Lee, Hyoung-June Kim, Jae Sung Hwang

Fermentation products and lysates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been developed as cosmetic ingredients. The topical application of certain LAB strains can improve skin health and combat skin diseases. Here, we investigated the effects of nano-sized lysate of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum APsulloc 331261 (NLAP) isolated from green tea leaves on human skin cells and a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) model. NLAP increased the expression of genes involved in skin barrier functions such as proliferation, differentiation, tight junction formation, and antimicrobial peptides in normal human epidermal keratinocytes. NLAP prevented the decrease in the expression of differentiation markers and increased release of inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes cultured with Staphylococcus aureus. NLAP-induced improvements in gene expression and cytokine levels were also observed in RHE treated with heat-killed S. aureus. Additionally, the skin barrier-strengthening effect of NLAP was confirmed by comparing the penetration of the fluorescent dye into the RHE. These findings suggest that NLAP could aid skin barrier function, protect the skin against detrimental bacteria, and suppress inflammatory responses; thus, it can be developed as a skincare ingredient.

乳酸菌(LAB)的发酵产品和裂解物已被开发为化妆品成分。局部应用某些 LAB 菌株可以改善皮肤健康和防治皮肤疾病。在这里,我们研究了从绿茶叶中分离出来的植物乳杆菌 APsulloc 331261(NLAP)的纳米级裂解物对人类皮肤细胞和重建人类表皮(RHE)模型的影响。NLAP 增加了正常人表皮角质细胞中参与皮肤屏障功能的基因的表达,如增殖、分化、紧密连接形成和抗菌肽。NLAP 可防止用金黄色葡萄球菌培养的角质形成细胞中分化标志物表达的减少和炎症细胞因子释放的增加。在用热杀死的金黄色葡萄球菌处理的 RHE 中,也观察到了 NLAP 诱导的基因表达和细胞因子水平的改善。此外,通过比较荧光染料在 RHE 中的渗透情况,也证实了 NLAP 的皮肤屏障强化作用。这些研究结果表明,NLAP 可增强皮肤屏障功能,保护皮肤免受有害细菌的侵害,并抑制炎症反应,因此可将其开发为一种护肤成分。
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引用次数: 0
Co-production of biosurfactant and indigo using wild-type Acinetobacter sp. isolated from soil 利用从土壤中分离出来的野生型醋酸杆菌共同生产生物表面活性剂和靛蓝
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00143-0
Chan-Seo Yeo, Pammidimarri D. V. N. Sudheer, Kwon-Young Choi

In this research, we investigated a naturally occurring, non-genetically modified strain of Acinetobacter sp., isolated from soil, which demonstrated the capability to produce both indigo and biosurfactant. During the screening, indole was used as the sole carbon source in M9 minimal medium. The strain exhibiting the most intense blue coloration was isolated and further analyzed. The blue dye extracted from the cell culture was confirmed as indigo through LC/MS analysis, showing an m/z value of 263.5, and H-NMR analysis. In LB medium, the wild-type Acinetobacter sp. strain produced approximately 6.8 mg/L of indigo from 1 mM indole. However, in M9 minimal medium, the production yield significantly increased to 45.5 mg/L. Notably, the isolated strain showed vigorous bubbling during growth, which could facilitate the transport of indole and indigo dye, both of which have low solubility, across cell membranes. Additionally, this strain was capable of degrading medium-chain C12 alkane efficiently. The whole genome was fully sequenced and analyzed for genes concerning biosurfactant and alkane metabolisms. In conclusion, utilizing a wild-type strain for indigo production offers a promising alternative to traditional chemical processes, addressing concerns related to genetically modified organisms in future applications.

在这项研究中,我们研究了一株从土壤中分离出来的天然存在的非转基因醋酸杆菌,该菌株具有生产靛蓝和生物表面活性剂的能力。在筛选过程中,吲哚被用作 M9 最小培养基中的唯一碳源。表现出最强烈蓝色的菌株被分离出来并进行进一步分析。通过 LC/MS 分析(m/z 值为 263.5)和 H-NMR 分析,从细胞培养物中提取的蓝色染料被确认为靛蓝。在 LB 培养基中,野生型醋酸杆菌菌株能从 1 mM 的吲哚中产生约 6.8 mg/L 的靛蓝。然而,在 M9 极少培养基中,产量明显增加到 45.5 毫克/升。值得注意的是,分离出的菌株在生长过程中表现出强烈的气泡,这有助于吲哚和靛蓝染料(两者的溶解度都很低)通过细胞膜的运输。此外,该菌株还能高效降解中链 C12 烷烃。对整个基因组进行了全面测序,并分析了与生物表面活性剂和烷烃代谢有关的基因。总之,利用野生型菌株生产靛蓝为传统化学工艺提供了一种很有前景的替代方法,解决了转基因生物在未来应用中的相关问题。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation of a halotolerant poly(ε-caprolactone)-depolymerizing strain of Bacillus gibsonii from seaside soil 从海边土壤中分离出耐盐碱的聚(ε-己内酯)解聚菌株 Bacillus gibsonii
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00133-2
Ki-Ryeon Kim, Jin-Wan Park, Eun-bi Cho, Young-Ah Jang, Gyeong Tae Eom, Yu-Ri Oh

Few studies have investigated the biodegradation of microplastics in marine environments. Microorganisms that can degrade microplastics in high-salinity conditions are sought after. Therefore, we aimed to isolate a halotolerant poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-degrading bacterium for applications in biotechnology. The bacterium isolated from seaside soil was identified as Bacillus gibsonii via phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and designated as KRICT-1. We tested whether the KRICT-1 strain showed halotolerance by determining the sodium chloride (NaCl) tolerance at various concentrations. The KRICT-1 strain showed growth at up to 10% NaCl on Luria–Bertani (LB) medium agar plates and 10% NaCl in liquid LB medium, indicating that KRICT-1 can grow and produce a PCL-depolymerizing enzyme under high-salt conditions. The KRICT-1 strain could depolymerize PCL with a PCL film weight loss of 2.82% at up to 10% NaCl concentration after cultivation of 7 weeks. KRICT-1 is the first strain of B. gibsonii which shows PCL-depolymerizing activity. Scanning electron microscopy and water contact angle results confirmed the degradation of PCL by the KRICT-1 strain. The extracellular enzyme produced by the KRICT-1 strain was stable over a wide range of temperatures (15–40 °C) and pH (7.0–9.5). This halotolerant PCL-degrading bacterium can be used in the degradation of biodegradable plastics present in saline soils, saline water, and wastewater.

Graphical abstract

很少有研究对海洋环境中微塑料的生物降解进行调查。能够在高盐度条件下降解微塑料的微生物是我们所追求的。因此,我们旨在分离出一种耐盐的聚(ε-己内酯)(PCL)降解细菌,以应用于生物技术领域。通过基于 16S rRNA 基因序列的系统进化分析,从海边土壤中分离出的细菌被鉴定为吉布森芽孢杆菌(Bacillus gibsonii),并命名为 KRICT-1。我们通过测定不同浓度氯化钠(NaCl)的耐受性,测试了 KRICT-1 菌株是否具有耐盐性。KRICT-1菌株在Luria-Bertani(LB)培养基琼脂平板和10% NaCl的液体LB培养基中均能生长,表明KRICT-1能在高盐条件下生长并产生PCL解聚酶。培养 7 周后,KRICT-1 菌株在 10%的 NaCl 浓度下可解聚 PCL,其 PCL 薄膜失重率为 2.82%。KRICT-1 是第一株具有 PCL 解聚活性的 gibsonii 菌株。扫描电子显微镜和水接触角结果证实了 KRICT-1 菌株对 PCL 的降解作用。KRICT-1 菌株产生的胞外酶在很宽的温度(15-40 °C)和 pH 值(7.0-9.5)范围内都很稳定。这种耐盐性 PCL 降解细菌可用于降解盐碱土、盐水和废水中的生物可降解塑料。
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引用次数: 0
Discovery of anticancer targets for triple-negative breast cancer through comparative analysis of gene dependency score 通过基因依赖性评分比较分析发现三阴性乳腺癌的抗癌靶点
IF 3.2 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s12257-024-00138-x
Bo Kyung Kim, Gahee Kim, Wonhee Hur, Yoojin Choi, Suhyun Hwangbo, Jae Yong Ryu

Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often face an unfavorable prognosis due to the lack of targeted therapy. Thus, identifying drug targets specific to the TNBC subtype is crucial for effective treatment. Here, we propose a strategy to identify potential inhibitory targets specific to this subtype based on the gene dependency score (GDS), a quantitative measure of essentiality of each gene determined in cancer cell lines. Specifically, we compared the GDS values of 17,387 genes among cell lines of four breast cancer (BC) subtypes, namely luminal A, luminal B, HER2-positive, and TNBC, to identify genes showing specific essentiality in TNBC subtype cell lines. Twenty-two genes were predicted as potential inhibitory targets. Of these, we selected two genes, ILK and RHOA, based on survival analysis conducted across the four BC subtypes. We propose these two genes as potential biomarkers for TNBC. Furthermore, we experimentally validated that inhibiting ILK expression with a specific inhibitor reduced cell viability more in TNBC subtype cell lines than in other BC subtype cell lines. Therefore, ILK is a potential drug target specific to TNBC. The strategy proposed is expected to be useful in identifying biomarker and therapeutic target genes in not only BC but also other cancers.

由于缺乏靶向治疗,三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)患者的预后往往很差。因此,确定 TNBC 亚型的特异性药物靶点对有效治疗至关重要。在此,我们提出了一种基于基因依赖性评分(GDS)的策略,以确定该亚型的潜在特异性抑制靶点,基因依赖性评分是对癌细胞系中每个基因的重要程度的定量测量。具体来说,我们比较了四种乳腺癌(BC)亚型(即管腔A型、管腔B型、HER2阳性和TNBC)细胞系中17,387个基因的GDS值,以确定在TNBC亚型细胞系中表现出特异性本质的基因。22个基因被预测为潜在的抑制靶点。其中,我们根据对四种 BC 亚型进行的存活率分析选出了 ILK 和 RHOA 这两个基因。我们建议将这两个基因作为 TNBC 的潜在生物标志物。此外,我们还通过实验验证了用特异性抑制剂抑制ILK的表达比抑制其他BC亚型细胞株更能降低TNBC亚型细胞株的细胞活力。因此,ILK是TNBC的潜在特异性药物靶点。所提出的策略不仅有助于确定BC,也有助于确定其他癌症的生物标记和治疗靶基因。
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引用次数: 0
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Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering
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