Pub Date : 2015-11-30DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000138
Hari Os, G. Sonali, N. Sumitra
Objectives: Cholesterol is the essential steroids for life which created and used by our bodies to keep us healthy. Approximately 75% blood cholesterol produced from liver and ~25% produced from the food we eat. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition of abnormal cholesterol levels. Abnormal cholesterol levels are strongly associated with coronary heart disease. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the awareness and frequency of trends of blood cholesterol levels (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) and its associated complications. Methods: This is a crossâsectional pilot study. The total no. of participant consisted of 200. We enrolled 100 unrelated healthy individuals by door to door visit to check awareness status of blood cholesterol and 100 referral individuals of lab undergone for lipid profile were enrolled in this study. Blood cholesterol awareness was calculated using Microsoft excel version 7.0. Frequency of LDL, HDL and triglycerides were calculated using chi square by SPSS version 15.0 version. Results: Frequency of awareness of blood cholesterol was found to be 29% among all survey participants while as frequency of awareness of blood cholesterol were found to be 54% and 4% among educated and non-educated participants. Frequency of Desirable Cholesterol Level was found to be higher (81.0%) as compared to Borderline High (19.0%) in between lab survey participants. Frequency of Above Optimal Low density lipoprotein (LDL) level was found to be higher (64.0%) as compared to above borderline high (27.0%) and high (9.0%) among lab survey participant. Frequency of Optimal High density lipoprotein (HDL) Level was found to be to be higher (94.0%) as compare to borderline low (5.0%) and high 1.0%) among lab survey participant. Frequency of Optimal Serum Triglyceride Level was found to be higher (53.0%) in optimal as compare to borderline high (33.0%) and High (4.0%) among lab survey participant. Conclusion: The survey data of dore to dore visit strongly suggest the lack of awareness of blood cholesterol level and its associated complications among educated and non-educated people. Individuals with borderline high Serum triglyceride level may have the risk for heart disease and they may require for therapeutic intervention in Indian setting.
{"title":"Awareness and trends of Blood Cholesterol and Susceptibility to Develop Heart disease","authors":"Hari Os, G. Sonali, N. Sumitra","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000138","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cholesterol is the essential steroids for life which created and used by our bodies to keep us healthy. Approximately 75% blood cholesterol produced from liver and ~25% produced from the food we eat. Hypercholesterolemia is a condition of abnormal cholesterol levels. Abnormal cholesterol levels are strongly associated with coronary heart disease. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the awareness and frequency of trends of blood cholesterol levels (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides) and its associated complications. \u0000Methods: This is a crossâsectional pilot study. The total no. of participant consisted of 200. We enrolled 100 unrelated healthy individuals by door to door visit to check awareness status of blood cholesterol and 100 referral individuals of lab undergone for lipid profile were enrolled in this study. Blood cholesterol awareness was calculated using Microsoft excel version 7.0. Frequency of LDL, HDL and triglycerides were calculated using chi square by SPSS version 15.0 version. \u0000Results: Frequency of awareness of blood cholesterol was found to be 29% among all survey participants while as frequency of awareness of blood cholesterol were found to be 54% and 4% among educated and non-educated participants. Frequency of Desirable Cholesterol Level was found to be higher (81.0%) as compared to Borderline High (19.0%) in between lab survey participants. Frequency of Above Optimal Low density lipoprotein (LDL) level was found to be higher (64.0%) as compared to above borderline high (27.0%) and high (9.0%) among lab survey participant. Frequency of Optimal High density lipoprotein (HDL) Level was found to be to be higher (94.0%) as compare to borderline low (5.0%) and high 1.0%) among lab survey participant. Frequency of Optimal Serum Triglyceride Level was found to be higher (53.0%) in optimal as compare to borderline high (33.0%) and High (4.0%) among lab survey participant. \u0000Conclusion: The survey data of dore to dore visit strongly suggest the lack of awareness of blood cholesterol level and its associated complications among educated and non-educated people. Individuals with borderline high Serum triglyceride level may have the risk for heart disease and they may require for therapeutic intervention in Indian setting.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-29DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000135
Mudiyanse Rm
Genetic diseases devastate the society. Out of 9 million birth defects 7.9 are due to genetic causes. Management of most of the inherited disorders are very expensive and not affordable to majority. Early detection and lifelong therapy is mandatory. Palliative nature of the treatments available prolongs lives resulting in accumulation of cases and cost escalation. Therefore prevention is mandatory where the main focus would be detection of carriers of the defective genes. However most of the prevention methods available are not readily accessible or not acceptable due to inevitable financial constrains or self-imposed social cultural and religious reasons to majority. Therefore exploration of innovative approaches that goes beyond traditional recommendations is worthy considerations. “Safe marriage; avoidance of marriage between carriers by ensuring one of the partner in a couple to be a non-carrier suggest a practical no cost approach of prevention of recessively inherited disorders. The vision of safe marriage can extend to safe conception. For a safe marriage a non-carrier is selected from the society, for a safe conception a heterozygote father could provide millions of healthy sperms to be selected for conception. The author suggests using the advances of genetic sciences to explore the possibilities of selecting healthy sperms of immobilizing defective sperms and developing a vaginal jelly so that prevention of recessively inherited diseases becomes practical.
{"title":"Safe Marriage and Sperm Immobilization for Prevention of GeneticallyInherited Disease","authors":"Mudiyanse Rm","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000135","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic diseases devastate the society. Out of 9 million birth defects 7.9 are due to genetic causes. Management of most of the inherited disorders are very expensive and not affordable to majority. Early detection and lifelong therapy is mandatory. Palliative nature of the treatments available prolongs lives resulting in accumulation of cases and cost escalation. Therefore prevention is mandatory where the main focus would be detection of carriers of the defective genes. However most of the prevention methods available are not readily accessible or not acceptable due to inevitable financial constrains or self-imposed social cultural and religious reasons to majority. Therefore exploration of innovative approaches that goes beyond traditional recommendations is worthy considerations. “Safe marriage; avoidance of marriage between carriers by ensuring one of the partner in a couple to be a non-carrier suggest a practical no cost approach of prevention of recessively inherited disorders. The vision of safe marriage can extend to safe conception. For a safe marriage a non-carrier is selected from the society, for a safe conception a heterozygote father could provide millions of healthy sperms to be selected for conception. The author suggests using the advances of genetic sciences to explore the possibilities of selecting healthy sperms of immobilizing defective sperms and developing a vaginal jelly so that prevention of recessively inherited diseases becomes practical.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"69 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-29DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000136
Silva Lms
For many decades we have been depending on fossil resources to produce liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc. It is estimated that oil reserves mined at current rates will last only about 40 years before running dry. Increasing concerns about the global petroleum supply, environmental issues including global warming and climate change have focused attention on the need to develop alternative methods to produce fuels.
{"title":"Microbial Production of Short Chain Alkanes: A Future Biofuel","authors":"Silva Lms","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000136","url":null,"abstract":"For many decades we have been depending on fossil resources to produce liquid fuels such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc. It is estimated that oil reserves mined at current rates will last only about 40 years before running dry. Increasing concerns about the global petroleum supply, environmental issues including global warming and climate change have focused attention on the need to develop alternative methods to produce fuels.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-22DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000134
P. Faduola
In-vitro fertilization (IVF) patients are often made to rely on the judgement of embryologist to select embryo to be returned to the uterus in each treatment cycle. Most often, patients wish to know how the selected embryos are better off than the rest. This is especially true when they are displayed on the screen looking similar to each other. To an untrained eye, they may pass for the same quality but an embryologist use morphological criteria to distinguish the ones that have better quality. Some have argued that the experience of the embryologist is critical at this stage.
{"title":"The Need to Develop a Single Multi-OMICS Tool for IVF Embryo Selection","authors":"P. Faduola","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000134","url":null,"abstract":"In-vitro fertilization (IVF) patients are often made to rely on the judgement of embryologist to select embryo to be returned to the uterus in each treatment cycle. Most often, patients wish to know how the selected embryos are better off than the rest. This is especially true when they are displayed on the screen looking similar to each other. To an untrained eye, they may pass for the same quality but an embryologist use morphological criteria to distinguish the ones that have better quality. Some have argued that the experience of the embryologist is critical at this stage.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-20DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000132
A. Basu, Anuradha Moirangthem
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed and leading cause of death in women. It has been estimated that 25% of the cancer cases are due to breast cancer alone and accounts for 15% cancer related deaths in women.
{"title":"Advances of Non-Surgical Therapy for Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer","authors":"A. Basu, Anuradha Moirangthem","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000132","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed and leading cause of death in women. It has been estimated that 25% of the cancer cases are due to breast cancer alone and accounts for 15% cancer related deaths in women.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-20DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000133
Shabir Hw, G. Arpit, Shikari Ab, Iqbal Am, P. Deepika
Rice is a staple crop and 90 percent of it is produced and consumed in Asia. Viewing the widespread popularity and consumption of rice grain and its products, writers believe that “There may be homes where wheat and maize haven’t been cooked ever, but there will no home where rice hasn’t been cooked ever”.
{"title":"Transgenic Rice: Advancements and Achievements","authors":"Shabir Hw, G. Arpit, Shikari Ab, Iqbal Am, P. Deepika","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000133","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a staple crop and 90 percent of it is produced and consumed in Asia. Viewing the widespread popularity and consumption of rice grain and its products, writers believe that “There may be homes where wheat and maize haven’t been cooked ever, but there will no home where rice hasn’t been cooked ever”.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-11-08DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000139
H. Jiaxue, Y. Ping
Wisdom and monetary invest flushed into genetic sequencing and decoding of factors involved in temporally and spatially unfolding of zipped information in the form of nucleotide sequencing, primary, secondary and tertiary structures complicated by RNA regulation, protein modification and epigenetics. Although there are still decades or even hundreds of years ahead to make a claim that we already crack all the codes to build a life from materials like elements, small organics and inorganics, the understanding from gene sequencing already brought promise to change a daily life.
{"title":"Decode gene Sequence to guide Daily life","authors":"H. Jiaxue, Y. Ping","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000139","url":null,"abstract":"Wisdom and monetary invest flushed into genetic sequencing and decoding of factors involved in temporally and spatially unfolding of zipped information in the form of nucleotide sequencing, primary, secondary and tertiary structures complicated by RNA regulation, protein modification and epigenetics. Although there are still decades or even hundreds of years ahead to make a claim that we already crack all the codes to build a life from materials like elements, small organics and inorganics, the understanding from gene sequencing already brought promise to change a daily life.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-31DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000I101
M. Marini, T. Limongi, M. Allione, A. Falqui, E. Difabrizio
Superhydrophobicity refers to surfaces on which drops assume a quasi-spherical shape and a high contact angle (more than 150°). This well-known phenomenon occurs in nature and we can take advantage of this principle fabricating bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces constituted of ordinate arrays of silicon micro-pillars.
{"title":"Superhydrophobic Manipulation of DNA","authors":"M. Marini, T. Limongi, M. Allione, A. Falqui, E. Difabrizio","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000I101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000I101","url":null,"abstract":"Superhydrophobicity refers to surfaces on which drops assume a quasi-spherical shape and a high contact angle (more than 150°). This well-known phenomenon occurs in nature and we can take advantage of this principle fabricating bio-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces constituted of ordinate arrays of silicon micro-pillars.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000I101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70877669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-05DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000131
R. Puglisi, A. Lukaj, A. Galli
Laboratory assessments of sperm traits are poor indicators of fertility. Because the variability in the quality of oocytes collected from different donors drastically influence in vitro embryo production, the aim of this work was to implement an in vitro model to compare the developmental potential of embryos produced by bulls of contrasting in vivo fertility and ovocytes retrieved from the same donor in order to minimize the female related variability. For each trial (n=54), one pair of good quality ovaries of a same donor were split longitudinally and oocytes were recovered by slicing method. Thereafter, matured oocytes were fertilized with sperm of two bulls of low estimated relative conception rates (ERCR +2) contrasting field fertility (6 vs. 6 bulls). Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were compared. Sperm of high fertility bulls (ERCR+) gave also higher fertilization rates (cleavage) in vitro when compared to low fertility (ERCR-) bulls (odd ratio=1.23). Conversely, the embryonic development to the blastocyst stage was reduced (odd ratio=0.84) in the ERCR+ with respect to the ERCR- bulls. This paradoxical result demonstrates that in vivo bull fertility hardly correlates with in vitro blastocyst yield, but confirms that early events occurring at fertilization are better indicators of the fertility potential. Furthermore, this experimental approach indicates that differences in embryo production rates between bulls of contrasting field fertility may not be outlined in vitro even when bulls are compared using oocytes with variability limited to the same donor.
{"title":"Developmental Potential of Embryos Produced In Vitro by Sperm from Bulls ofContrasting In Vivo Fertility and Ovocytes Retrieved from a Same Donor","authors":"R. Puglisi, A. Lukaj, A. Galli","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000131","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory assessments of sperm traits are poor indicators of fertility. Because the variability in the quality of oocytes collected from different donors drastically influence in vitro embryo production, the aim of this work was to implement an in vitro model to compare the developmental potential of embryos produced by bulls of contrasting in vivo fertility and ovocytes retrieved from the same donor in order to minimize the female related variability. For each trial (n=54), one pair of good quality ovaries of a same donor were split longitudinally and oocytes were recovered by slicing method. Thereafter, matured oocytes were fertilized with sperm of two bulls of low estimated relative conception rates (ERCR +2) contrasting field fertility (6 vs. 6 bulls). Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were compared. Sperm of high fertility bulls (ERCR+) gave also higher fertilization rates (cleavage) in vitro when compared to low fertility (ERCR-) bulls (odd ratio=1.23). Conversely, the embryonic development to the blastocyst stage was reduced (odd ratio=0.84) in the ERCR+ with respect to the ERCR- bulls. This paradoxical result demonstrates that in vivo bull fertility hardly correlates with in vitro blastocyst yield, but confirms that early events occurring at fertilization are better indicators of the fertility potential. Furthermore, this experimental approach indicates that differences in embryo production rates between bulls of contrasting field fertility may not be outlined in vitro even when bulls are compared using oocytes with variability limited to the same donor.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"2015 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-10-05DOI: 10.4172/2169-0111.1000130
A. Hasan, A. Selvakumar, R. O'Reilly
Adoptive transfer of antigen specific T-cells can lead to eradication of cancer and viral infections. The broad application of this approach has further been hampered by the limited availability of adequate numbers of T-cells for treatment in a timely manner. This has led to efforts for the development of efficient methods to generate large numbers of T-cells with specificity for tumor or viral antigens that can be harnessed for use in cancer therapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that during encounter with tumor antigen, the signals delivered to T-cells by professional antigen-presenting cells can affect T-cell programming and their subsequent therapeutic efficacy. This has stimulated efforts to develop artificial antigen-presenting cells that allow optimal control over the signals provided to T-cells. In this review, we will discuss the cellular artificial antigen-presenting cell systems and their use in T-cell adoptive immunotherapy for cancer and infections.
{"title":"Artificial Antigen Presenting Cells: An Off the Shelf Approach for Generation of Desirable T-Cell Populations for Broad Application of Adoptive Immunotherapy","authors":"A. Hasan, A. Selvakumar, R. O'Reilly","doi":"10.4172/2169-0111.1000130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2169-0111.1000130","url":null,"abstract":"Adoptive transfer of antigen specific T-cells can lead to eradication of cancer and viral infections. The broad application of this approach has further been hampered by the limited availability of adequate numbers of T-cells for treatment in a timely manner. This has led to efforts for the development of efficient methods to generate large numbers of T-cells with specificity for tumor or viral antigens that can be harnessed for use in cancer therapy. Recent studies have demonstrated that during encounter with tumor antigen, the signals delivered to T-cells by professional antigen-presenting cells can affect T-cell programming and their subsequent therapeutic efficacy. This has stimulated efforts to develop artificial antigen-presenting cells that allow optimal control over the signals provided to T-cells. In this review, we will discuss the cellular artificial antigen-presenting cell systems and their use in T-cell adoptive immunotherapy for cancer and infections.","PeriodicalId":89733,"journal":{"name":"Advancements in genetic engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2169-0111.1000130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70876432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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