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A cross-section study of the comparison of plasma inflammatory cytokines and short-chain fatty acid in patients with depression and schizophrenia. 一项关于抑郁症和精神分裂症患者血浆炎症细胞因子和短链脂肪酸比较的横断面研究。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06277-y
Huan Yu, Rui Li, Xue-Jun Liang, Wen-Mao Yang, Lin Guo, Ling Liu, Qing-Rong R Tan, Zheng-Wu Peng

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia (SCH) are common and severe mental disorders that are mainly diagnosed depending on the subjective identification by psychiatrists. Finding potential objective biomarkers that can distinguish these two diseases is still meaningful.

Methods: In the present study, we investigate the differences in plasma inflammatory cytokines and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) among patients with MDD (n = 24) and SCH (n = 24), and gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 27) and identify potential plasma biomarkers.

Results: We found that the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines were increased, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokines were decreased in both MDD and SCH. Meanwhile, except for an increase in 4-Methylvaleric acid, other SCFAs with statistical differences were reduced in both MDD and SCH. Moreover, potential biomarker panels were developed that can effectively discriminate MDD from HC (AUC = 0.997), SCH from HC (AUC = 0.999), and from each other (MDD from SCH, AUC = 0.983).

Conclusions: These data suggest that alterations in plasma cytokines and SCFAs might be one of the potential features for distinguishing MDD and SCH.

Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2100051243, registration date: 2021/09/16.

背景:重度抑郁障碍(MDD)和精神分裂症(SCH)是常见的严重精神障碍,其诊断主要依靠精神科医生的主观认定。寻找能够区分这两种疾病的潜在客观生物标志物仍然很有意义:在本研究中,我们调查了 MDD(24 人)和 SCH(24 人)患者与性别和年龄匹配的健康对照组(HC,27 人)之间血浆炎症细胞因子和短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的差异,并确定了潜在的血浆生物标志物:结果:我们发现,在 MDD 和 SCH 患者中,促炎细胞因子的浓度升高,而抗炎细胞因子的浓度降低。同时,除 4-甲基戊酸增加外,其他具有统计学差异的 SCFAs 在 MDD 和 SCH 中均减少。此外,研究人员还发现了一些潜在的生物标记物,这些标记物能有效区分 MDD 和 HC(AUC = 0.997)、SCH 和 HC(AUC = 0.999)以及彼此(MDD 和 SCH,AUC = 0.983):这些数据表明,血浆细胞因子和SCFAs的变化可能是区分MDD和SCH的潜在特征之一:试验注册:中国临床试验注册中心:试验注册:中国临床试验注册中心:ChiCTR2100051243,注册日期:2021/09/16。
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引用次数: 0
Association between alcohol drinking frequency and depression among adults in the United States: a cross-sectional study. 美国成年人饮酒频率与抑郁之间的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06296-9
Peng Qi, Mengjie Huang, Haiyan Zhu

Background: Depression is a major contributor to the global burden of diseases, and alcohol intake is often considered to be associated with depression. However, the relationship between alcohol drinking frequency and depression remains unclear. This study aims to explore the association between alcohol drinking frequency and depression.

Methods: This study collected NHANES data from 2009 to 2016, involving 17,466 participants. Depression was diagnosed based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and alcohol drinking frequency was collected through questionnaire surveys. Multifactorial logistic regression models, subgroup analysis, smooth curve fitting, and threshold effect analysis were used to investigate the relationship between alcohol drinking frequency and depression.

Results: We divided the alcohol drinking frequency into five groups on average. After adjusting for all covariates, the Q3 group had the lowest odds of depression (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56 ~ 0.82; p < 0.05). Through smooth curve fitting, we found an "M-shaped" relationship between alcohol drinking frequency and depression. Further threshold effect analysis revealed that the most significant inflection points were 80 and 150.

Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study of American adults, we found an "M-shaped" relationship between alcohol drinking frequency and depression, which may partially explain the different effects of moderate alcohol consumption on depression.

背景:抑郁症是造成全球疾病负担的一个主要因素,而酒精摄入通常被认为与抑郁症有关。然而,饮酒频率与抑郁症之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨饮酒频率与抑郁症之间的关系:本研究收集了 2009 年至 2016 年的 NHANES 数据,涉及 17466 名参与者。根据患者健康问卷-9(PHQ-9)诊断抑郁症,并通过问卷调查收集饮酒频率。研究采用多因素逻辑回归模型、亚组分析、平滑曲线拟合和阈值效应分析等方法来探讨饮酒频率与抑郁症之间的关系:结果:我们将饮酒频率平均分为五组。在对所有协变量进行调整后,Q3 组患抑郁症的几率最低(OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56 ~ 0.82; p 结论:在这项横断面研究中,美国人的饮酒频率与抑郁症的发生率呈正相关:在这项针对美国成年人的横断面研究中,我们发现饮酒频率与抑郁之间存在 "M "型关系,这可能部分解释了适度饮酒对抑郁的不同影响。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between climate change and mental health: a systematic review of the association between eco-anxiety, psychological distress, and symptoms of major affective disorders. 气候变化与心理健康之间的关系:生态焦虑、心理困扰和主要情感障碍症状之间关系的系统回顾。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06274-1
Suzanne M Cosh, Rosie Ryan, Kaii Fallander, Kylie Robinson, Josephine Tognela, Phillip J Tully, Amy D Lykins

Background and objectives: The adverse impacts of climate change on mental health is a burgeoning area, although findings are inconsistent. The emerging concept of eco-anxiety represents distress in relation to climate change and may be related to mental health. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between eco-anxiety with validated mental health outcomes, specifically psychological distress and symptoms of major affective disorders.

Design: Systematic review.

Methods: EBSCO, ProQuest, and Web of Science databases were searched to February 2024 for studies of adult samples quantifying eco-anxiety (exposure, i.e. fear, worry or anxiety in relation to climate change) and symptoms of psychological distress and major affective disorders (outcomes), as assessed by validated measures.

Results: Full text review of 83 studies was performed, and k = 35 studies were included in the review (N = 45 667, 61% female, Mage 31.2 years). Consistently, eco-anxiety showed small to large positive correlations with mental health outcomes of psychological distress, depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress symptoms. However, results regarding post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and pathological worry were mixed. Stronger associations were observed where eco-anxiety was operationalised as 'anxiety' rather than 'worry'.

Conclusions: Findings underscore that eco-anxiety is related to psychological burden. Greater consideration of eco-anxiety in assessment and treatment is needed in clinical practice and further policy development is warranted at the intersection of climate and health to address the mental health challenges posed by climate change.

背景和目标:气候变化对心理健康的不利影响是一个新兴领域,但研究结果并不一致。新出现的生态焦虑概念代表了与气候变化有关的痛苦,可能与心理健康有关。本研究旨在探讨生态焦虑与有效心理健康结果之间的关系,特别是心理困扰和主要情感障碍症状:设计:系统综述:方法:在 EBSCO、ProQuest 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索了截至 2024 年 2 月的成人样本研究,这些研究量化了生态焦虑(暴露,即与气候变化有关的恐惧、担忧或焦虑)和心理困扰症状及主要情感障碍(结果),并通过有效的测量方法进行了评估:对 83 项研究进行了全文综述,K=35 项研究被纳入综述(N=45 667,61% 为女性,年龄为 31.2 岁)。生态焦虑与心理困扰、抑郁症状、焦虑症状和压力症状等心理健康结果之间始终存在小到大的正相关关系。然而,有关创伤后应激障碍症状和病态担忧的结果不一。当生态焦虑被定义为 "焦虑 "而非 "担忧 "时,两者之间的关联性更强:结论:研究结果表明,生态焦虑与心理负担有关。在临床实践中,需要在评估和治疗中更多地考虑生态焦虑,并在气候与健康的交叉点上进一步制定政策,以应对气候变化带来的心理健康挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement of persistent impairments in executive functions and attention following electroconvulsive therapy in a case control longitudinal follow up study. 在一项病例对照纵向跟踪研究中,电休克疗法改善了执行功能和注意力的持续障碍。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06270-5
Åsa Hammar, Eivind Haga Ronold, Malene Alden Spurkeland, Rita Ueland, Ute Kessler, Ketil J Oedegaard, Leif Oltedal

Background: How cognition is influenced by electroconvulsive treatment (ECT) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is still debated. The development and etiology of neurocognitive impairment in MDD were examined by investigating the cognitive profile following ECT related to the state, scar, and trait perspectives, with the former predicting improvements parallel with depressive symptoms, while the two latter expected persisting impairments. Executive functions (EF) and attention are central to cognition and alterations in these functions could influence other domains like memory. The main aims of the present study were to examine the short and long-term effects of ECT on EF and attention in patients with major depressive disorder by exploiting the rapid antidepressant effect of this treatment.

Methods: A case-control longitudinal follow-up design was used to investigate the effects of unilateral brief-pulse ECT on EF and attention in patients with depression (n = 36) compared to untreated healthy controls (n = 16). EF and attention were measured pre-treatment, approximately two weeks, and six months post-treatment.

Results: The patient group showed significantly worse performance on most tests compared to healthy controls pre-treatment, and no short- or long-term worsening of EF and attention following ECT was found. Significant improvement was identified in patients' attention, processing speed and inhibition after ECT.

Conclusions: The present study showed that there was no cognitive worsening after ECT treatment. An improvement in several of the tests measuring inhibition, attention, and processing speed was parallel to symptom reduction, with the former showing associations to symptom change, suggesting state-related effects from improved mood. Still, the patient group performed significantly worse on most measures both pre-treatment and at the short and long-term follow-ups, indicating prevailing trait or scar effects on cognitive functions and potential lack of practice effects.

Clinical trial number: NCT04348825 (14.04.20).

背景:电休克治疗(ECT)和重度抑郁症(MDD)如何影响认知仍存在争议。通过调查电休克治疗后与状态、疤痕和特质相关的认知概况,研究了重度抑郁症神经认知障碍的发展和病因。执行功能(EF)和注意力是认知的核心,这些功能的改变可能会影响记忆等其他领域。本研究的主要目的是利用电痉挛疗法的快速抗抑郁作用,研究该疗法对重度抑郁症患者的执行功能和注意力的短期和长期影响:方法:采用病例对照纵向随访设计,研究单侧短脉冲电痉挛疗法与未经治疗的健康对照组(16人)相比,对抑郁症患者(36人)的EF和注意力的影响。分别在治疗前、治疗后约两周和六个月对EF和注意力进行测量:结果:与健康对照组相比,患者组在大多数测试中的表现在治疗前明显较差,而在 ECT 治疗后,EF 和注意力并未出现短期或长期恶化。ECT治疗后,患者的注意力、处理速度和抑制能力均有明显改善:本研究表明,电痉挛疗法治疗后患者的认知能力没有恶化。抑制、注意力和处理速度等几项测试的改善与症状的减轻并行不悖,前者与症状变化相关,表明情绪改善产生了与状态相关的效应。不过,在治疗前以及短期和长期随访中,患者组在大多数测试中的表现明显较差,这表明特质或瘢痕对认知功能的影响普遍存在,而且可能缺乏实践效果:NCT04348825 (14.04.20).
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引用次数: 0
Addressing psychological resilience and its determinants among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a three-wave longitudinal study in Shandong Province, China. 应对 COVID-19 大流行期间大学生的心理复原力及其决定因素:在中国山东省开展的三波纵向研究。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06175-3
Lutong Pan, Jingjing Zhao, Mingli Pang, Jieru Wang, Yue Zhou, Rui Chen, Hui Liu, Xixing Xu, Baochen Su, Limei Nie, Jiajia Zhao, Shixue Li, Jiajia Li, Hexian Li, Fanlei Kong

Background: The relationship between public health emergencies and psychological distress had been well known, yet none research had been conducted on the trend in psychological resilience and its longitudinal determinants during the pandemic. This study aimed to explore the changes of psychological resilience of university students during COVID-19 pandemic, and further clarify the longitudinal relationship between family factors, mental health, social mentality and psychological resilience.

Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to students from five universities in Shandong Province, China during the COVID-19. A total of 1635 students were finally included in this three-wave follow-up study using stratified random sampling method. Mental health was assessed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, social mentality was measured by the Bi-Dimensional Structure Questionnaire of Social Mentality, psychological resilience was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Psychological Resilience Scale. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the longitudinal changes of psychological resilience, generalized estimating equation (GEE) was conducted to estimate the determinants of psychological resilience.

Results: Psychological resilience changed from 28.37 in Wave 1, 29.10 in Wave 2, and 29.15 in Wave 3 among the university students. The students who majored in Art (β = 0.872, P = 0.032), parents (mother β = 0.546, P = 0.035; father β = 0.718, P = 0.012) had a greater influence on children's personality, and positive social mentality (β = 5.725, P < 0.001) were more likely to report a higher psychological resilience. Being female (β=-0.932, P < 0.001), not being a student leader (β=-0.911, P < 0.001), being anxious (β=-1.845, P < 0.001) and depressed (β=-1.846, P < 0.001), and negative social mentality (β=-0.803, P < 0.001) were less likely to report a higher psychological resilience.

Conclusions: The psychological resilience of the university students in Shandong Province, China increased significantly from Wave 1 to Wave 3 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Majoring in Art, parents having a greater influence on children's personality, better mental health, positive social mentality were more likely to report a higher psychological resilience, while female, not student leader, worse mental health, and negative social mentality were less likely to report a higher the psychological resilience.

背景:突发公共卫生事件与心理困扰之间的关系已广为人知,但关于大流行期间心理复原力的变化趋势及其纵向决定因素的研究却鲜有涉及。本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 大流行期间大学生心理复原力的变化,并进一步阐明家庭因素、心理健康、社会心态与心理复原力之间的纵向关系:方法:在COVID-19大流行期间,向山东省5所高校的学生发放了调查问卷。方法:在 COVID-19 期间,我们向山东省五所高校的学生发放了调查问卷,并采用分层随机抽样的方法,最终将 1635 名学生纳入了这项为期三波的跟踪研究。心理健康采用抑郁焦虑压力量表,社会心态采用社会心态双维结构问卷,心理复原力采用中文版心理复原力量表。重复测量方差分析用于分析心理复原力的纵向变化,广义估计方程(GEE)用于估计心理复原力的决定因素:大学生的心理复原力在第一波为 28.37,第二波为 29.10,第三波为 29.15。艺术类专业的学生(β=0.872,P=0.032)、父母(母亲β=0.546,P=0.035;父亲β=0.718,P=0.012)对子女性格的影响较大,积极的社会心态(β=5.725,P 结论:艺术类专业的学生心理抗逆力较高,但对子女性格的影响较小:在 COVID-19 大流行期间,中国山东省大学生的心理复原力从第 1 波到第 3 波均有显著提高。艺术专业、父母对子女性格影响较大、心理健康状况较好、社会心态积极的大学生更有可能报告较高的心理复原力,而女性、非学生干部、心理健康状况较差、社会心态消极的大学生较不可能报告较高的心理复原力。
{"title":"Addressing psychological resilience and its determinants among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a three-wave longitudinal study in Shandong Province, China.","authors":"Lutong Pan, Jingjing Zhao, Mingli Pang, Jieru Wang, Yue Zhou, Rui Chen, Hui Liu, Xixing Xu, Baochen Su, Limei Nie, Jiajia Zhao, Shixue Li, Jiajia Li, Hexian Li, Fanlei Kong","doi":"10.1186/s12888-024-06175-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-024-06175-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between public health emergencies and psychological distress had been well known, yet none research had been conducted on the trend in psychological resilience and its longitudinal determinants during the pandemic. This study aimed to explore the changes of psychological resilience of university students during COVID-19 pandemic, and further clarify the longitudinal relationship between family factors, mental health, social mentality and psychological resilience.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Questionnaires were distributed to students from five universities in Shandong Province, China during the COVID-19. A total of 1635 students were finally included in this three-wave follow-up study using stratified random sampling method. Mental health was assessed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, social mentality was measured by the Bi-Dimensional Structure Questionnaire of Social Mentality, psychological resilience was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Psychological Resilience Scale. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the longitudinal changes of psychological resilience, generalized estimating equation (GEE) was conducted to estimate the determinants of psychological resilience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychological resilience changed from 28.37 in Wave 1, 29.10 in Wave 2, and 29.15 in Wave 3 among the university students. The students who majored in Art (β = 0.872, P = 0.032), parents (mother β = 0.546, P = 0.035; father β = 0.718, P = 0.012) had a greater influence on children's personality, and positive social mentality (β = 5.725, P < 0.001) were more likely to report a higher psychological resilience. Being female (β=-0.932, P < 0.001), not being a student leader (β=-0.911, P < 0.001), being anxious (β=-1.845, P < 0.001) and depressed (β=-1.846, P < 0.001), and negative social mentality (β=-0.803, P < 0.001) were less likely to report a higher psychological resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The psychological resilience of the university students in Shandong Province, China increased significantly from Wave 1 to Wave 3 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Majoring in Art, parents having a greater influence on children's personality, better mental health, positive social mentality were more likely to report a higher psychological resilience, while female, not student leader, worse mental health, and negative social mentality were less likely to report a higher the psychological resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"823"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A personal sensing technology enabled service versus a digital psychoeducation control for primary care patients with depression and anxiety: a pilot randomized controlled trial. 针对患有抑郁症和焦虑症的初级保健患者的个人传感技术服务与数字心理教育对照:随机对照试验。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06284-z
Colleen Stiles-Shields, Karen M Reyes, Tanvi Lakhtakia, Shannon R Smith, Olga E Barnas, Elizabeth L Gray, Charles J Krause, Kaylee P Kruzan, Mary J Kwasny, Zara Mir, Sameer Panjwani, Steven K Rothschild, Lisa Sánchez-Johnsen, Nathan W Winquist, Emily G Lattie, Nicholas B Allen, Madhu Reddy, David C Mohr

Background: Technology-enabled services (TES; clinical services that include both technology-driven [e.g., personal sensing technologies] and person-powered support elements) may address gaps in depression and anxiety treatments in healthcare settings. The current study: (1) developed a TES tailored for Primary Care patients with depression and/or anxiety, and (2) conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of the TES compared to a digital psychoeducation control app.

Methods: Participants were randomized to either: (1) TES: the "Vira" smartphone app (Ksana Health Inc.), informed by behavioral activation and using passive sensing technology to provide behavioral "insights" and target behaviors associated with mental health symptoms, alongside lay-provider coaching, or (2) Control: the Mood Education mobile app (ME), containing static psychoeducational resources designed to target mental health symptoms. Both apps collected usage data. Participants completed assessments on depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), health-related quality of life (PedsQL), and engagement (TWEETs) at baseline, mid-treatment (week 4), end-of-treatment (week 8), and post-treatment (week 12).

Results: Participants (N = 130) were randomized to receive either the TES (Vira; Mage= 30) or ME (Mage= 33). Linear mixed-effects models determined significant improvements in PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores for participants across both conditions (ps < 0.001). There was no interactive effect of intervention and time for the PHQ-9 (p = .90) nor the GAD-7 (p = .49). Adjusting for baseline differences and randomization strata, TES participants reported a greater change in a quality of life rating of Physical Functioning (PedsQL) across time (p = .018). TES participants also reported higher levels of engagement and demonstrated higher app usage. However, adjusting for baseline symptom severity, neither app usage nor coach interaction frequency moderated outcomes (ps ≥ 0.2).

Conclusions: While the TES demonstrated superior engagement, improvements in depressive and anxious symptoms for both conditions speak to the potential benefit of both TES and low-intensity psychoeducation treatments in care settings. Future research is needed to better understand which patients might differentially benefit from TESs and broader personal sensing technologies over low-intensity treatments.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05406791.

背景:技术辅助服务(TES;包括技术驱动(如个人传感技术)和个人支持元素的临床服务)可弥补医疗机构在抑郁和焦虑治疗方面的不足。本研究:(1) 为初级保健抑郁症和/或焦虑症患者量身定制了一项 TES;(2) 开展了一项试点随机对照试验,以评估 TES 与数字心理教育对照应用程序相比的疗效:参与者被随机分配到以下两种应用中:(1)TES:"Vira "智能手机应用(Ksana Health Inc.这两款应用都收集了使用数据。参与者分别在基线、治疗中期(第 4 周)、治疗末期(第 8 周)和治疗后(第 12 周)完成抑郁(PHQ-9)、焦虑(GAD-7)、健康相关生活质量(PedsQL)和参与度(TWEETs)评估:参与者(N=130)被随机分配接受TES(Vira;Mage=30)或ME(Mage=33)治疗。线性混合效应模型确定,在两种情况下,参与者的 PHQ-9 和 GAD-7 分数均有显著改善(Ps 结论:虽然 TES 的参与度更高,但 ME 的参与度更低:虽然 TES 的参与度更高,但两种情况下抑郁和焦虑症状的改善都说明了 TES 和低强度心理教育疗法在护理环境中的潜在益处。未来的研究需要更好地了解哪些患者可能会从TES和更广泛的个人传感技术中获得不同于低强度治疗的益处:试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05406791。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a core outcome set for psychological therapy trials on acute psychiatric inpatient wards. 为急性精神病住院病房的心理治疗试验制定一套核心结果。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06294-x
Pamela Jacobsen, Katherine Berry, Lucy Clarkson, Rebecca Hiscocks, India Hopkins, Ceri Morgan, Dhaarna Tandon, Ashley-Louise Teale, Natasha Tyler, Lisa Wood

Background: Consensus on what outcomes should be included in trials of psychological therapies on acute psychiatric inpatient wards is currently lacking. Inclusion of different viewpoints, including service user perspectives, is crucial in ensuring that future trials measure outcomes which are meaningful and important. Development of a Core Outcome Set (COS), a minimum standardised set of outcomes to be measured and reported, would help improve synthesis and interpretation of clinical trial data in this area.

Methods: Stage 1 of the COS development involved compiling a comprehensive long-list of outcomes from key sources including i) a systematic review of outcomes from published trials, ii) online survey of key stakeholders (service users, carers, healthcare professionals, researchers, and end users of research), iii) qualitative interviews with service users and carers. Stage 2 involved stakeholder groups short-listing the outcomes using consensus methods (e-Delphi survey). The final outcome set was derived from the short-list at a consensus meeting of stakeholders, facilitated by an Independent Chair.

Results: A long-list of 68 outcomes was compiled from the systematic review (n = 30 trials), online stakeholder survey (n = 100 participants) and qualitative interviews (n = 15 participants). Fifty stakeholders took part in the e-Delphi study, where the long-list was cut down to a short-list of 12 outcomes over 2 rounds. Nine stakeholders took part in the final consensus meeting, and after some outcomes were removed and/or amalgamated, a final set of 6 outcomes was recommended for inclusion in the COS. These were Ability to Cope, Hopefulness, Quality of Life, Psychosis Symptoms, Mood, and Self-Harm Behaviours.

Conclusions: Widespread future adoption of the COS will reduce research waste by ensuring that outcomes are more easily comparable across trials, and that the full range of stakeholder priorities are represented in trial outcomes. This makes it more likely that effective therapies will be identified in a timely fashion and successfully implemented in routine clinical practice. The final 6-outcome COS should be feasible to implement given the need keep participant burden to a minimum in inpatient trials. Further work is needed to make recommendations for the best outcome measurement instruments to use, including the use of patient-reported outcomes alongside clinician-rated measures.

Trial registration: Not applicable.

背景:关于急性期精神病住院病房心理疗法试验应包括哪些结果,目前尚缺乏共识。纳入不同的观点,包括服务使用者的观点,对于确保未来的试验测量出有意义和重要的结果至关重要。核心结果集(COS)是一套需要测量和报告的最低标准化结果集,它的开发将有助于改善该领域临床试验数据的综合和解释:核心研究成果集开发的第一阶段包括从主要来源编制一份全面的成果长清单,其中包括 i) 对已发表的试验成果进行系统回顾;ii) 对主要利益相关者(服务使用者、护理人员、医疗保健专业人员、研究人员和研究的最终用户)进行在线调查;iii) 对服务使用者和护理人员进行定性访谈。第 2 阶段包括利益相关者小组采用协商一致的方法(电子德尔菲调查)列出成果短名单。在独立主席的主持下,利益相关者举行了一次共识会议,从短名单中得出最终成果集:根据系统综述(n = 30 项试验)、利益相关者在线调查(n = 100 名参与者)和定性访谈(n = 15 名参与者),编制了一份包含 68 项结果的长清单。50 名利益相关者参加了电子德尔菲研究,经过两轮研究,长清单被缩减为一份包含 12 项成果的短清单。九个利益相关者参加了最后的共识会议,在删除和/或合并了一些结果后,建议将最后的 6 项结果纳入 COS。这些结果是:应对能力、希望、生活质量、精神病症状、情绪和自残行为:结论:未来广泛采用 COS 将减少研究浪费,因为它能确保各项试验的结果更容易进行比较,并确保在试验结果中体现利益相关者的全部优先事项。这样就更有可能及时确定有效的疗法,并在常规临床实践中成功实施。考虑到需要将住院试验参与者的负担降至最低,最终的 6 项结果 COS 应该是可行的。还需要进一步开展工作,就使用的最佳结果测量工具提出建议,包括在使用临床医生评定的测量方法的同时使用患者报告的结果:试验注册:不适用。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamics of recovery in psychosis, stigmatization, and microaggressions in mental healthcare: a qualitative study of service users' narratives. 精神病康复的动力、污名化和精神保健中的微观诽谤:对服务使用者叙述的定性研究。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06262-5
Ploon Defourny, Nienke van Sambeek, Hester van de Bovenkamp, Floortje Scheepers, Marjolijn Heerings

Background: Collaborative care relationships form a key component of recovery-oriented mental healthcare, but can be disrupted if service users feel judged by professionals. Professionals can express stigmatizing attitudes through microaggressions, i.e. subtle forms of discrimination that have a negative cumulative effect. People with psychosis have been found to regularly experience overt and subtle forms of stigma in mental healthcare. This study aims to expand our understanding of the various forms and consequences of microaggression from a service user perspective.

Methods: In this qualitative study, we analysed narratives of people with psychosis purposefully selected from two collections of Dutch patient-authored stories ('Verhalenbank psychiatrie' and 'Patientervaringsverhalen'), including two books and nine transcripts of low-structured interviews. We performed thematic analysis to identify different forms of microaggression and additionally used narrative analysis to gain insight into the experienced consequences for recovery.

Results: We identified three main forms of microaggression: microaggressions that dehumanize; microaggressions that disregard service users' perspectives; and microaggressions that convey hopelessness. Experienced consequences of microaggression included feelings of loneliness, powerlessness and uselessness, acts of despair, resistance or withdrawal, and disengagement from services. Microaggressions were found to create additional recovery needs that were often addressed outside mental healthcare.

Conclusion: Our findings illustrate the gap between ideals concerning collaborative care relationships and the everyday experiences of service users. Service users often experienced an absence of relationship-building in mental healthcare, with negative consequences for their recovery process. Our identification of different forms of microaggression can raise awareness and effectuate behavioural change in professionals and contribute to the emancipation of people with psychosis.

背景:合作护理关系是以康复为导向的精神医疗保健的重要组成部分,但如果服务使用者觉得受到专业人员的评判,合作护理关系就会受到破坏。专业人员可以通过微小的冒犯(即具有负面累积效应的微妙歧视形式)来表达鄙视态度。研究发现,精神病患者在精神医疗保健领域经常会遭遇公开和微妙形式的污名化。本研究旨在从服务使用者的角度出发,扩大我们对微侵害的各种形式和后果的理解:在这项定性研究中,我们分析了从两本由荷兰患者撰写的故事集("Verhalenbank psychiatrie "和 "Patientervaringsverhalen")中特意挑选出来的精神病患者的叙述,其中包括两本书和九份低结构访谈记录。我们进行了主题分析,以确定微侵害的不同形式,此外还使用了叙事分析来深入了解所经历的康复后果:我们确定了微侵害的三种主要形式:非人化的微侵害;无视服务使用者观点的微侵害;以及传达绝望情绪的微侵害。微侵害造成的后果包括孤独感、无力感和无用感、绝望行为、抵制或退缩,以及脱离服务。研究发现,微小侵害会产生额外的康复需求,而这些需求往往是在精神医疗之外解决的:我们的研究结果表明,合作护理关系的理想与服务使用者的日常体验之间存在差距。服务使用者经常在心理保健中体验到关系建设的缺失,这对他们的康复过程造成了负面影响。我们对不同形式的微侵害的识别可以提高专业人员的意识,促使他们改变行为,从而为解放精神病患者做出贡献。
{"title":"Dynamics of recovery in psychosis, stigmatization, and microaggressions in mental healthcare: a qualitative study of service users' narratives.","authors":"Ploon Defourny, Nienke van Sambeek, Hester van de Bovenkamp, Floortje Scheepers, Marjolijn Heerings","doi":"10.1186/s12888-024-06262-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12888-024-06262-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Collaborative care relationships form a key component of recovery-oriented mental healthcare, but can be disrupted if service users feel judged by professionals. Professionals can express stigmatizing attitudes through microaggressions, i.e. subtle forms of discrimination that have a negative cumulative effect. People with psychosis have been found to regularly experience overt and subtle forms of stigma in mental healthcare. This study aims to expand our understanding of the various forms and consequences of microaggression from a service user perspective.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this qualitative study, we analysed narratives of people with psychosis purposefully selected from two collections of Dutch patient-authored stories ('Verhalenbank psychiatrie' and 'Patientervaringsverhalen'), including two books and nine transcripts of low-structured interviews. We performed thematic analysis to identify different forms of microaggression and additionally used narrative analysis to gain insight into the experienced consequences for recovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three main forms of microaggression: microaggressions that dehumanize; microaggressions that disregard service users' perspectives; and microaggressions that convey hopelessness. Experienced consequences of microaggression included feelings of loneliness, powerlessness and uselessness, acts of despair, resistance or withdrawal, and disengagement from services. Microaggressions were found to create additional recovery needs that were often addressed outside mental healthcare.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings illustrate the gap between ideals concerning collaborative care relationships and the everyday experiences of service users. Service users often experienced an absence of relationship-building in mental healthcare, with negative consequences for their recovery process. Our identification of different forms of microaggression can raise awareness and effectuate behavioural change in professionals and contribute to the emancipation of people with psychosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9029,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"825"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11577601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Common mental disorders and associated factors among adults after COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 埃塞俄比亚 COVID-19 大流行后成年人中的常见精神障碍及相关因素:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06290-1
Temesgen Gebeyehu Wondmeneh, Zelalem Solomon

Background: Global mental health has been threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic, both directly through long-lasting neuropsychiatric disorders that occur during primary infection in affected individuals and indirectly through stressful and disruptive societal changes. Thus, this study determined the pooled prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adults after COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted using primary published and unpublished studies that were retrieved from various databases. Studies conducted on adults, published in English, and conducted in Ethiopia were included in this review. A standardized data extraction format developed from Excel was used to collect the data. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled effect size of all included studies at a 95% confidence interval. The heterogeneity was evaluated by Cochran Q test and the I-squared. Funnel plot and egger tests were used to determine publication bias.

Results: A total of 20 studies were eligible for this systematic review. The pooled prevalence of common mental disorders among adults was 40.44% (95%CI: 31.86-49.02%). Female gender (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.33-2.44), unemployed (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.12-2.98), poor social support (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI: 2.08-4.17), substance use (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.58-3.41), history of mental illness (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.01-2.44), family history of mental illness (AOR = 2.47, 95% CI: 1.54-3.41), and chronic medical illness (AOR = 1.6, 95%CI:1.02-2.17) were risk factors for common mental disorders.

Conclusion: In this study, more than one-third of adults were affected by common mental disorders after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This indicated that, in order to reduce the prevalence of common mental disorders, enhancing the provision of mental health services should be improved after the COVID-19 pandemic. Screening for common mental disorders should be given, especially to females, unemployed people, substance users, chronic medically ill people, those with a history of mental illnesses, and those with a family history of mental illness. Strengthening social support during the COVID-19 pandemic is also important.

Prospero protocol registration: The registration ID for this systematic review is CRD42024496826.

背景:COVID-19大流行对全球精神健康造成了威胁,直接原因是受感染者在原发感染期间出现了长期的神经精神障碍,间接原因是社会发生了紧张和破坏性的变化。因此,本研究确定了埃塞俄比亚 COVID-19 大流行后成年人中常见精神障碍和相关因素的总体流行率:本系统综述和荟萃分析使用了从各种数据库中检索到的已发表和未发表的主要研究。本综述纳入了以成人为对象、以英语发表、在埃塞俄比亚进行的研究。收集数据时使用了 Excel 开发的标准化数据提取格式。采用随机效应荟萃分析模型,以 95% 的置信区间估算所有纳入研究的集合效应大小。异质性通过 Cochran Q 检验和 I 平方进行评估。漏斗图和 egger 检验用于确定发表偏倚:共有 20 项研究符合本系统综述的要求。成人常见精神障碍的合计患病率为 40.44%(95%CI:31.86-49.02%)。女性(AOR = 1.88,95% CI:1.33-2.44)、失业(AOR = 2.05,95% CI:1.12-2.98)、社会支持差(AOR = 3.12,95% CI:2.08-4.17)、药物使用(AOR = 2.5,95% CI:1.58-3.41)、精神病史(AOR = 1.73,95%CI:1.01-2.44)、精神病家族史(AOR = 2.47,95%CI:1.54-3.41)和慢性内科疾病(AOR = 1.6,95%CI:1.02-2.17)是常见精神障碍的危险因素:在这项研究中,超过三分之一的成年人在 COVID-19 大流行后受到常见精神障碍的影响。这表明,为了降低常见精神障碍的发病率,应在 COVID-19 大流行后改善精神卫生服务的提供。应对常见精神障碍进行筛查,尤其是女性、失业者、药物使用者、慢性病患者、有精神病史者和有精神病家族史者。在 COVID-19 大流行期间加强社会支持也很重要:本系统综述的注册编号为 CRD42024496826。
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引用次数: 0
The mediating role of psychological distress in the association between migration experiences and stigma and coping strategies: a cross-sectional study on Ethiopian migrant returnees. 心理困扰在移徙经历与耻辱感和应对策略之间的关联中的中介作用:对埃塞俄比亚回国移民的横断面研究。
IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-06229-6
Yekoyealem Desie, Lemma Derseh Gezie, Kassahun Habtamu, Abebaw Minaye, Mulat Asnake, Emebet Mulugeta, Fantahun Admas, Azeb Asaminew Alemu, Dame Abera, Endirias Gina, Teshome Kondale

Background: Ethiopian migrants to the Middle East and South Africa are exposed to dangerous traveling and working conditions and their experiences are mostly tragic. They are unwelcomed not only by the situation in the destination but also by the community at home which is an important indicator of stigma and discrimination. However, there is lack of evidence on how psychological distress is associated with migration experiences, stigma and coping strategies. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the mediating effect of psychological distress in the association between migration experiences and stigma and discrimination and coping strategies.

Methods: A total of 739 Ethiopian migrant returnees from the Middle East and South Africa were included in the study. A cross-sectional study was conducted in five migration hotspot areas in Ethiopia, namely Addis Ababa, Dessie, Shashemene, Hossana, and Gondar. Data related to socio-demographic, economic, migration experiences, psychological distress, coping strategies, and stigma and discrimination were collected. Psychological distress was measured using the 21- item version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and coping strategies were measured with the Brief-COPE. Structural equation modeling was employed to estimate the relationship among variables.

Results: About 395 (57.33%) of the participants reported symptoms of depression, 428 (59.86%) anxiety symptoms, and 313 (45.21%) stress symptoms. The mediated association between physical violence and coping strategy through psychological distress was 0.29 (adjusted β = 0.29, 95%CI: 0.15, 0.44). Denial of salary had positive direct (adjusted β = 1.00, 95%CI: 0.50, 1.50) and mediated (adjusted β = 1.20, 95%CI: 0.71, 1.68) associations with stigma and discrimination through psychological distress. Restricted freedom had positive mediated (adjusted β = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.65) and total (adjusted β = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.59, 1.29) associations with stigma and discrimination through psychological distress.

Conclusion: Depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms are common among migrant returnees. Religious practice is the most commonly used coping mechanism. Psychological distress has positive mediating association with the relationships between denial of salary by employers and stigma and discrimination, physical violence and coping strategy, and restricted freedom and stigma and discrimination. Psychological interventions to deal with the psychological distress and stigma and discrimination of migrant returnees and to encourage the practice of positive coping strategies are warranted.

背景:前往中东和南非的埃塞俄比亚移民面临危险的旅行和工作条件,他们的经历大多是悲惨的。他们不仅不受目的地的欢迎,也不受国内社区的欢迎,这是耻辱化和歧视的一个重要指标。然而,关于心理困扰如何与移徙经历、成见和应对策略相关联,目前还缺乏证据。因此,本研究旨在确定心理困扰在移徙经历与羞辱和歧视及应对策略之间的关联中的中介作用:研究共纳入了 739 名来自中东和南非的埃塞俄比亚回国移民。研究在埃塞俄比亚的五个移民热点地区进行,即亚的斯亚贝巴、德西、沙谢梅内、霍萨纳和贡德尔。研究收集了与社会人口、经济、移民经历、心理困扰、应对策略以及羞辱和歧视有关的数据。心理困扰采用 21 个项目的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表进行测量,应对策略采用简要-COPE 进行测量。采用结构方程模型来估计变量之间的关系:约有 395 人(57.33%)报告了抑郁症状,428 人(59.86%)报告了焦虑症状,313 人(45.21%)报告了压力症状。身体暴力与通过心理困扰采取的应对策略之间的中介关系为 0.29(调整后 β = 0.29,95%CI:0.15,0.44)。通过心理压力,拒绝支付工资与污名化和歧视之间存在直接正相关(调整后 β = 1.00,95%CI:0.50,1.50)和中介正相关(调整后 β = 1.20,95%CI:0.71,1.68)。自由受限与因心理困扰而产生的成见和歧视有正向中介关系(调整后 β = 0.39,95%CI:0.13,0.65)和总中介关系(调整后 β = 0.94,95%CI:0.59,1.29):抑郁、焦虑和压力症状在返乡移民中很常见。宗教活动是最常用的应对机制。心理困扰与雇主拖欠工资与污名化和歧视、身体暴力与应对策略、限制自由与污名化和歧视之间的关系具有积极的中介作用。因此,有必要采取心理干预措施,以解决移民回返者的心理困扰以及耻辱和歧视问题,并鼓励他们采取积极的应对策略。
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引用次数: 0
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